CN107343459A - A kind of method for changing facility grape posture and raising labour efficiency - Google Patents
A kind of method for changing facility grape posture and raising labour efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- CN107343459A CN107343459A CN201710596453.9A CN201710596453A CN107343459A CN 107343459 A CN107343459 A CN 107343459A CN 201710596453 A CN201710596453 A CN 201710596453A CN 107343459 A CN107343459 A CN 107343459A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method for changing facility grape posture and raising labour efficiency, including the selection of facility grape garden, Trellis reform and new posture culture, and the step of new posture grape pruning.The present invention can not only be on the premise of vintage not be influenceed, transformation grape posture in short time, and labor intensity is greatly lowered, save labor cost, reduce grape cultivation and management technical difficulty, it is easy to facility grape standardized management, and is advantageous to the advantages of grape leisure harvesting is gone sightseeing with three dimensional-planting-breeding cultivation management.Therefore, the implementation of the technical method, be advantageous to facility grape standardized management, reduce labor intensity, save labor cost, grape quality is improved, so as to increase farmers' income.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates particularly to a kind of method for changing facility grape posture and raising labour efficiency.
Background technology
With the horizontal raising of cultivation technique, south area develops rapidly wine-growing, and south is from traditional grape
Plantation time Suitable Area becomes the advantage planting area with regional characteristics.However, how wet southern high-temperature is, in order to produce high-quality Portugal
Grape, it is necessary to cultivated using greenhouse facility.In the limited space of greenhouse facility, traditional grape posture (typically uses nature umbrella
Shape grape posture or Y type frame formula) not only ventilated difference, and labor intensity is high, be unfavorable for grape growth and wine-growing into
This reduction.Meanwhile the development of sightseeing and grape three dimensional-planting-breeding is plucked as south grape lies fallow, it need also change existing Portugal
Grape posture, grape normal growth can be made to reach, while reducing labor intensity, increase space under the frame face in vineyard, be beneficial to
People, which lie fallow, to pluck and three dimensional-planting-breeding cultivation management.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention, it is to provide a kind of side for changing facility grape posture and raising labour efficiency
Method, facility grape standardized management is beneficial to, reduces labor intensity, save labor cost, grape quality is improved, so as to increase
Add farmers' income.
What the present invention was realized in:
A kind of method for changing facility grape posture and raising labour efficiency, it is characterised in that:Comprise the following steps:
Step (1):Facility grape garden selects:Suitable for the facility plastic greenhouse of the company of standard, positioned at city suburbs, it is easy to Portugal
The leisure harvesting in grape garden is gone sightseeing and three dimensional-planting-breeding, the facility plastic greenhouse specification of selection are a wide 7~8m, rise 3.5~4.0m, shoulder height
2.0~2.5m, more than 5 mu of beam-connected greenhouse area;
Step (2):Trellis reform and new posture culture:By original natural umbrella shape in the vineyard described in step (1)
Grape posture or short Y-shaped Trellis reform are expanded empty under the frame face of vineyard into " H " the shape posture for facilitating standardized management
Between, it is easy to leisure harvesting or three dimensional-planting-breeding management;
Step (3):The pruning of new posture grape:Improved grape " H " posture in step (2) is trimmed,
The annual side shoot winter, which cuts, stays 2 bud cutting backs, and after spring rudiment, newborn branch draws in time to be tied up, the timely top clippings of Feng Hanghou, is slightly carried with control
Matter.
Further, in the step (2) by original natural umbrella shape grape posture or short Y-shaped Trellis reform into
Facilitate " H " shape posture of standardized management, specifically include:First by the elevated height in grape trellis face to 1.6m~1.8m;If
Originally wine-growing cultivates two main stems in furrow side, the trunk both sides direction parallel with furrow face, and in the side vertical with furrow face
One main stem of culture upwards, after vertical main stem reaches certain length, is further cultured for two pairs parallel with trunk both sides main stem
It is climing;If originally wine-growing is among furrow, a main stem is respectively cultivated on the direction both sides of the vertical furrow face of trunk, when main stem reaches
Respectively two pairs of culture are climing to after certain length, then in parallel furrow face direction;It is changed into from natural umbrella shape grape posture or Y-shaped posture
" H " shape posture, it is incremental, in order to avoid influence the yield of original grape.
Further, the step (3) specifically includes:After the new posture of " H " shape, when the annual winter cuts, it is secondary it is climing on side
Branch stays 2 bud cutting backs, after spring rudiment, with the growth of branch, by the branch of new life perpendicular to it is secondary it is climing draw tie up, wait both sides newborn
Branch grow to centre position branch envelope row it is overlapping when, shear branch, the branch length of both sides along midline position with large-scale pruning shear
Control is suitable with the branch length to interstitial growth, trims at regular intervals once later, reaches the purpose of control slightly, improves Portugal
Grape quality.
The advantage of the invention is that:The present invention can not only transform on the premise of vintage is not influenceed in the short time
Grape posture, and labor intensity is greatly lowered, labor cost is saved, grape cultivation and management technical difficulty is reduced, is easy to set
Vitis vinifera standardized management is applied, and is advantageous to grape leisure harvesting and goes sightseeing and three dimensional-planting-breeding cultivation management, the reality of the technical method
Apply, be advantageous to facility grape standardized management, reduce labor intensity, save labor cost, grape quality is improved, so as to increase
Farmers' income.
Embodiment
A kind of method for changing facility grape posture and raising labour efficiency, the present invention is carried out with reference to embodiment specific
Description, without specified otherwise it is prior art in embodiment.Enforcement place:In Fujian Province.Grape variety:Summer is black.
Realize it is a kind of change the method raised labour efficiency of facility grape posture, its step is as follows:
Step 1:Facility grape garden selects:Suitable for the facility plastic greenhouse of the company of standard.The facility plastic greenhouse specification of selection for
Wide 7~8m, rise 3.5~4.0m, 2.0~2.5m of shoulder height, more than 5 mu of beam-connected greenhouse area.Facility plastic greenhouse optimum position is
City suburbs, it is easy to the leisure in vineyard to pluck sightseeing or three dimensional-planting-breeding.
Step 2:Trellis reform and new posture culture:By original natural umbrella shape grape in the vineyard described in step 1
Posture or short Y-shaped Trellis reform expand vineyard Jia Mianxia spaces, just into " H " the shape posture for facilitating standardized management
In leisure harvesting or three dimensional-planting-breeding management.
Specific practice is as follows:First by the elevated height in grape trellis face to 1.6m~1.8m.According to grape in greenhouse
Planting location, using different processing modes, typically there are two kinds of common situations.If originally wine-growing is in furrow side, master
Two main stems are cultivated in the dry both sides direction parallel with furrow face, and a main stem is cultivated on the direction vertical with furrow face, when vertical
Main stem reach certain length after, be further cultured for two it is parallel with trunk both sides main stem secondary climing;If originally wine-growing is in furrow
Middle, a main stem is respectively cultivated on the direction both sides of the vertical furrow face of trunk, after main stem reaches certain length, then in parallel furrow
Respectively two pairs of culture are climing in face direction.It is changed into " H " shape posture from natural umbrella shape grape posture or Y-shaped posture, it is incremental, with
Exempt to influence the yield of original grape.After transformation, vineyard Jia Mianxia spaces are expanded, are easy to leisure harvesting or three dimensional-planting-breeding management.
Step 3:The pruning of new posture grape:Improved grape " H " posture in step 2 is trimmed, every year
The side shoot winter, which cuts, stays 2 bud cutting backs, and after spring rudiment, newborn branch will draw in time to be tied up, the timely top clippings of Feng Hanghou, to control slightly upgrading.
Specific practice is as follows:After the new posture of " H " shape, when the annual winter cuts, it is secondary it is climing on side shoot stay 2 bud cutting backs, spring
After Ji Mengya, with the growth of branch, by the branch of new life perpendicular to it is secondary it is climing draw tie up, wait both sides new life branch to grow to centre position
When branch envelope row is overlapping, branch (general branch grows 1.2~1.5m), the branch of both sides are sheared along midline position with large-scale pruning shear
Length control is suitable with the branch length to interstitial growth, trims at regular intervals once later, reaches the purpose of control slightly, carries
High grape quality.
With popularization of the greenhouse facility vinegrowing in southern area, the cultivated area of Fujian facility grape increases year by year,
This is that grape leisure harvesting is gone sightseeing and three dimensional-planting-breeding is provided convenience condition.However, with the raising of labor cost, vineyard
Recruitment it is provisional, to grape production bring challenges.Using the technology of the present invention, labor intensity can be greatly lowered, improve
Efficiency, while the dependence to grape technical staff can be reduced, after short time training, interim engaged personnel can grasp, and have
Beneficial to the regulation and standardization for realizing wine-growing.Using the present invention technology, while grape posture changes, to its into
Ripe phase and yield do not have much affect, while the quality of raising grape fruit by a relatively large margin.
In terms of embodiment, the black grape maturity phase in summer, planting density was 40 plants/667m on June, the middle ten days2, mean fruit weight
6.5g, average soluble solid 18.7%, average product 1315kg/667m2, grape annesl is uniform, and fruit powder is thick, flavor pole
Good, harvesting price can reach 60 yuan/more than kg, can dramatically increase benefit.In terms of labor intensity, originally 0.07 hectare needs 3~5
The workload of individual worker, reduce to 1~2 worker's can and be easily accomplished.Meanwhile it is greatly improved under the frame face of vineyard
Space, it can carry out plucking sightseeing or three dimensional-planting-breeding.
The preferable implementation use-case of the present invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement for being made etc., it should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. method for changing facility grape posture and raising labour efficiency, it is characterised in that:Comprise the following steps:Step (1):Facility grape garden selects:Suitable for the facility plastic greenhouse of the company of standard, positioned at city suburbs, it is easy to vineyard Leisure harvesting go sightseeing and three dimensional-planting-breeding, the facility plastic greenhouse specification of selection be a wide 7~8m, rise 3.5~4.0m, shoulder height 2.0 ~2.5m, more than 5 mu of beam-connected greenhouse area;Step (2):Trellis reform and new posture culture:By original natural umbrella shape grape in the vineyard described in step (1) Posture or short Y-shaped Trellis reform expand vineyard Jia Mianxia spaces, just into " H " the shape posture for facilitating standardized management In leisure harvesting or three dimensional-planting-breeding management;Step (3):The pruning of new posture grape:Improved grape " H " posture in step (2) is trimmed, every year The side shoot winter, which cuts, stays 2 bud cutting backs, and after spring rudiment, newborn branch draws in time to be tied up, the timely top clippings of Feng Hanghou, to control slightly upgrading.
- A kind of 2. method for changing facility grape posture and raising labour efficiency as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described In step (2) by original natural umbrella shape grape posture or short Y-shaped Trellis reform into " H " shape for facilitating standardized management Posture, specifically include:First by the elevated height in grape trellis face to 1.6m~1.8m;If originally wine-growing is on furrow side, Two main stems are cultivated in the trunk both sides direction parallel with furrow face, and a main stem is cultivated on the direction vertical with furrow face, when vertical After straight main stem reaches certain length, be further cultured for two it is parallel with trunk both sides main stem secondary climing;If originally wine-growing exists Among furrow, a main stem is respectively cultivated on the direction both sides of the vertical furrow face of trunk, after main stem reaches certain length, then parallel Respectively two pairs of culture are climing in furrow face direction;It is changed into " H " shape posture from natural umbrella shape grape posture or Y-shaped posture, it is incremental, In order to avoid influence the yield of original grape.
- A kind of 3. method for changing facility grape posture and raising labour efficiency as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described Step (3) specifically includes:After the new posture of " H " shape, when the annual winter cuts, it is secondary it is climing on side shoot stay 2 bud cutting backs, spring rudiment Afterwards, with the growth of branch, by the branch of new life perpendicular to it is secondary it is climing draw tie up, wait both sides new life branch to grow to centre position branch envelope When row is overlapping, branch, branch length control and the branch to interstitial growth of both sides are sheared along midline position with large-scale pruning shear Length is suitable, trims at regular intervals once later, reaches the purpose of control slightly, improves grape quality.
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Cited By (2)
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CN108718746A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-02 | 四川省自然资源科学研究院 | A kind of tree-like cultural method for Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker |
CN109699389A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-03 | 麻城市龙腾生态农业股份有限公司 | The flower and fruit management method of sunlight rose |
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CN101828502A (en) * | 2010-05-15 | 2010-09-15 | 戴传启 | Two-harvest-a-year technology for grapes |
CN104221807A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2014-12-24 | 宾川县金牛镇农业综合服务中心 | Grape cultivating method for reducing density, improving quality and promoting early maturing through single connected tent |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108718746A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-02 | 四川省自然资源科学研究院 | A kind of tree-like cultural method for Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker |
CN109699389A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-03 | 麻城市龙腾生态农业股份有限公司 | The flower and fruit management method of sunlight rose |
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