CN105165364A - Method for high-time quick breeding of improved peanut varieties - Google Patents
Method for high-time quick breeding of improved peanut varieties Download PDFInfo
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- CN105165364A CN105165364A CN201510646519.1A CN201510646519A CN105165364A CN 105165364 A CN105165364 A CN 105165364A CN 201510646519 A CN201510646519 A CN 201510646519A CN 105165364 A CN105165364 A CN 105165364A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for high-time quick breeding of improved peanut varieties. The method comprises fertilizer application to land, seed selection and seed dressing, sowing, field management and disease and pest control. According to the method, on the basis of fertilizer application to land, seeds are selected strictly; after the grading of the improved varieties, seed dressing is performed, monoseeding is performed, the field management is intensified, the single plant productivity and yield increase capability of peanuts are brought into full play, and the propagation coefficient reaches over 35 times. Besides, the method has the advantages of being simple to operate and convenient to popularize.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture breeding cultivation technical field, specifically a method of cultivating peanut breeding high power fast breeding.
Background technology
Peanut is the main oil crop of China, is high protein, high-energy, high lipid plant food, is rich in micronutrient, containing 13 kinds of micro-elements and 26 kinds of mineral elements.Peanut production sowing quantity is large, and reproduction coefficient is low, and improved seeds promotion rate is slower than other crop, and after a good variety selection, often seed amount is few, affects the performance of improved seeds productivity effect, can not meet the demand of current peanut production to breeding.Popularizing to accelerate breeding, giving full play to the production-increasing function of improved seeds, just must adopt the quick high power breeding method of breeding, to accelerate Cultivar replacing replacement work.
Summary of the invention
To the present invention is directed in prior art from the shortcoming and defect existed, propose and a kind ofly high power can breed the method for peanut breeding effectively fast, improve peanut breeding output, accelerate peanut breeding and popularize, high high-quality peanut output, has market prospects widely.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides one and to cultivate peanut breeding high power fast breeding method, comprising the following steps:
(1) soil getting fat: select the sandy loam that soil layer is deep, plow layer is fertile, physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage are soil easily, every mu of ground organic fertilizer 4000-5000 kilogram, urea 15-18 kilogram, superphosphate (containing P2O512%) 45-48 kilogram, potassium sulfate (containing K2O50%) 20-30 kilogram, by whole fertilizer, potash fertilizer and 2/3 nitrogen, phosphatization fertilizer in conjunction with before the winter or plough early spring and impose in plow layer, remain 1/3 nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizer and wrap when ridging and execute in ridge.
(2) micro-fertilizer in enriching: single silicic acid 2-3 kilogram is used, copper sulphate 0.7-0.9 kilogram in every mu of ground, ammonium phosphate iron 0.5-0.6 kilogram, manganese chloride 0.5-0.6 kilogram.
(3) seed selection seed dressing: sow first about 10 days, select the noon of fine day, peanut seed fruit is spread out on the ground equably, thickness about 5cm, bask seeds, tedded every one hour once, connect and shine 2-3 days, select typical case fruit to peel off, select color of the leather is good, grain is full greatly one-level rice and second heads rice to make seed; During sowing, one-level rice and second heads rice separate, and utilize the seed dressing of sulfone pyrrole grass azoles, pendimethalin and carbendazim before sowing according to the specification of often kind of seed dressing.
(4) monoseeding: with ridging duplicate rows film-covering planting, simple grain light seeding mode; Row spacing 85-90cm, ridge height 8-10cm, ridge face width 55-60cm, little line-spacing 35-40cm on ridge, cave, apart from 12-15cm, on request after ridging, ridge is opened the ditch that two 3-4cm are dark, the ditch heart is apart from limit, ridge 10-12cm, keep flat along ridge by predetermined density requirement 1, every cave seed, earthing subsequently, furrow face of raking, subsequently on ridge, both sides evenly spray Acetochlor, with spray with overlay film.
(5) field management: when film covering peanut is broadcast latter about 10 days and occurred two panels true leaf, perforate to be carried out in the time before at 9 in the morning or after at 4 in afternoon and put seedling, under blooming in peanut growth process, pin phase and pod bearing period, water in time, bloom after terminating, and should earth up in time and meet fruit pin; The middle and late growth stage, finds that excessive growth appears in plant, is highly controlled more than plant growth regulator such as application strong security personnel, paclobutrazols during 40cm, coordinates the relation of cauline leaf growth and pod growth.
(6) extermination of disease and insect pest: when leaf spot 5% appears in plant, the mixed agent of foliage-spray 500 times of carbendazim+mancozebs, connect spray 3-4 time, interval 12-15 days, in case leaf diseases.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: peanut breeding high power fast breeding method of the present invention to have and meet growth rhythm, the advantage that economic and practical, breeding output is high, on peanut breeding is universal, there are market prospects widely.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further; embodiment is only the detailed description to summary of the invention; be not intended to limit the present invention; any those of ordinary skill in the art are not making under creative work prerequisite; to the amendment of patent content of the present invention, all equivalence is dropped in the protection domain of patent of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Select the sandy loam that soil layer is deep, plow layer is fertile, physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage are 1 mu, soil easily, when ploughing early spring, every mu of ground organic fertilizer 4000 kilograms, 10 kilograms, urea, superphosphate (containing P2O512%) 30 kilograms, potassium sulfate (containing K2O50%) 20 kilograms, imposes on above-mentioned all fertilizer in plow layer.By 5 kilograms of urea during ridging, 15 kilograms of superphosphate, 2 kilograms of single silicic acid, 0.7 kilogram of copper sulphate, 0.5 kg of phosphoric acid ammonium iron, 0.5 kilogram of manganese chloride bag is executed in ridge.
Sow first about 10 days, select the noon of fine day, peanut pod is spread out on the ground equably, thickness about 5cm, basks seeds, and teds once every one hour, connect and shine 2-3 days, select typical case fruit to peel off, select color of the leather is good, grain is full greatly one-level rice and second heads rice to make seed, 10 kilograms altogether; During sowing, one-level rice and second heads rice separate, and utilize the seed dressing of sulfone pyrrole grass azoles, pendimethalin and carbendazim before sowing according to the specification of often kind of medicament.
With ridging duplicate rows film-covering planting, simple grain light seeding mode; Row spacing 85cm, ridge height 8cm, ridge face width 55cm, little line-spacing 35cm on ridge, cave, apart from 12cm, on request after ridging, ridge is opened the ditch that two 3cm are dark, the ditch heart is apart from limit, ridge 10cm, keep flat along ridge by predetermined density requirement 1, every cave seed, earthing subsequently, furrow face of raking, subsequently on ridge, both sides evenly spray Acetochlor, with spray with overlay film.
When film covering peanut is broadcast latter about 10 days and occurred two panels true leaf, the time before at 9 in the morning or after at 4 in afternoon will carry out perforate and put seedling, under the blooming in peanut growth process, pin phase and pod bearing period, water in time, bloom after terminating, and should earth up in time and meet fruit pin; The middle and late growth stage, finds that excessive growth appears in plant, is highly controlled more than plant growth regulator such as application strong security personnel, paclobutrazols during 40cm, coordinates the relation of cauline leaf growth and pod growth.When leaf spot 5% appears in plant, the mixed agent of foliage-spray 500 times of carbendazim+mancozebs, connect spray 3 times, 15 days, interval, in case leaf diseases.Per mu yield pod 520 kilograms when receiving, obtains 360 kilograms, shelled peanut after shelling, a second heads rice 350 kilograms, breeding rate reaches 35 times.
Embodiment 2
Select the sandy loam that soil layer is deep, plow layer is fertile, physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage are 1 mu, soil easily, when ploughing early spring, every mu of ground organic fertilizer 5000 kilograms, 12 kilograms, urea, superphosphate (containing P2O512%) 32 kilograms, potassium sulfate (containing K2O50%) 30 kilograms, imposes on above-mentioned all fertilizer in plow layer.By 6 kilograms of urea during ridging, 16 kilograms of superphosphate, 3 kilograms of single silicic acid, 0.9 kilogram of copper sulphate, 0.6 kg of phosphoric acid ammonium iron, 0.6 kilogram of manganese chloride bag is executed in ridge.
Sow first about 10 days, select the noon of fine day, peanut pod is spread out on the ground equably, thickness about 5cm, basks seeds, and teds once every one hour, connect and shine 2-3 days, select typical case fruit to peel off, select color of the leather is good, grain is full greatly one-level rice and second heads rice to make seed, 9 kilograms altogether; During sowing, one-level rice and second heads rice separate, and utilize the seed dressing of sulfone pyrrole grass azoles, pendimethalin and carbendazim before sowing according to specification.
With ridging duplicate rows film-covering planting, simple grain light seeding mode; Row spacing 90cm, ridge height 10cm, ridge face width 60cm, little line-spacing 40cm on ridge, cave, apart from 15cm, on request after ridging, ridge is opened the ditch that two 4cm are dark, the ditch heart is apart from limit, ridge 12cm, keep flat along ridge by predetermined density requirement 1, every cave seed, earthing subsequently, furrow face of raking, subsequently on ridge, both sides evenly spray Acetochlor, with spray with overlay film.
When film covering peanut is broadcast latter about 10 days and occurred two panels true leaf, the time before at 9 in the morning or after at 4 in afternoon will carry out perforate and put seedling, under the blooming in peanut growth process, pin phase and pod bearing period, water in time, bloom after terminating, and should earth up in time and meet fruit pin; The middle and late growth stage, finds that excessive growth appears in plant, is highly controlled more than plant growth regulator such as application strong security personnel, paclobutrazols during 40cm, coordinates the relation of cauline leaf growth and pod growth.When leaf spot 5% appears in plant, the mixed agent of foliage-spray 500 times of carbendazim+mancozebs, connect spray 4 times, 12 days, interval, in case leaf diseases.Per mu yield pod 550 kilograms when receiving, obtains 380 kilograms, shelled peanut after shelling, a second heads rice 360 kilograms, breeding rate reaches 40 times.
Claims (7)
1. one to cultivate peanut breeding high power fast breeding method, it is characterized in that comprising soil getting fat, enrich in micro-fertilizer, seed selection seed dressing, monoseeding, field management, pest control procedures.
2. as claimed in claim 1, soil getting fat refers to: select the sandy loam that soil layer is deep, plow layer is fertile, physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage are soil easily, every mu of ground organic fertilizer 4000-5000 kilogram, urea 15-18 kilogram, superphosphate (containing P2O512%) 45-48 kilogram, potassium sulfate (containing K2O50%) 20-30 kilogram, by whole fertilizer, potash fertilizer and 2/3 nitrogen, phosphatization fertilizer in conjunction with before the winter or plough early spring and impose in plow layer, remain 1/3 nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizer and wrap when ridging and execute in ridge.
3. as claimed in claim 1, in enriching, single silicic acid 2-3 kilogram used by micro-fertilizer with referring to every mu, copper sulphate 0.7-0.9 kilogram, ammonium phosphate iron 0.5-0.6 kilogram, manganese chloride 0.5-0.6 kilogram.
4. as claimed in claim 1, seed selection seed dressing refers to selects typical case fruit to peel off, and select color of the leather is good, grain is full greatly one-level rice and second heads rice to make seed, during sowing, one-level rice and second heads rice separate, and utilizes the seed dressing of sulfone pyrrole grass azoles, pendimethalin and carbendazim.
5. as claimed in claim 1, sowing refers to ridging duplicate rows film-covering planting, simple grain light seeding mode; Row spacing 85-90cm, ridge height 8-10cm, ridge face width 55-60cm, little line-spacing 35-40cm on ridge, cave is apart from 12-15cm.
6. as claimed in claim 1, when field management refers to that film covering peanut is broadcast latter about 10 days and occurred two panels true leaf, perforate to be carried out in the time before at 9 in the morning or after at 4 in afternoon and put seedling, under blooming in peanut growth process, pin phase and pod bearing period, water in time, bloom after terminating, should earth up in time and meet fruit pin.
7. as claimed in claim 1, the extermination of disease and insect pest refers to when leaf spot 5% appears in plant, the mixed agent of foliage-spray 500 times of carbendazim+mancozebs, and connect spray 3-4 time, interval 12-15 days, in case leaf diseases.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510646519.1A CN105165364A (en) | 2015-10-09 | 2015-10-09 | Method for high-time quick breeding of improved peanut varieties |
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| CN201510646519.1A CN105165364A (en) | 2015-10-09 | 2015-10-09 | Method for high-time quick breeding of improved peanut varieties |
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| CN105165364A true CN105165364A (en) | 2015-12-23 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105706682A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-29 | 和县聂兴圩蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | Peanut irrigation technology |
| CN105724002B (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2018-08-17 | 泰安市农业科学研究院 | One high yield, the method for non-polluted cultivation cultivated peanut |
| CN109566302A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-04-05 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | Intensive farmland wide cut wheel intercropping plant technology |
Citations (5)
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| CN102349405A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2012-02-15 | 姜丽丽 | Technology for spring sowing peanut through mulching film |
| KR20120079921A (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2012-07-16 | (주)한국땅콩나물 | A cultivation method for peanut sprout |
| CN103733855A (en) * | 2013-12-22 | 2014-04-23 | 黄翔 | High-yield Shanhua-15 peanut precise-cultivation method |
| CN103891498A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-07-02 | 周世永 | Planting method of organic peanuts |
| CN104521536A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-04-22 | 山东卧龙种业有限公司 | Green and pollution-free peanut high-yield cultivation method |
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2015
- 2015-10-09 CN CN201510646519.1A patent/CN105165364A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
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| KR20120079921A (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2012-07-16 | (주)한국땅콩나물 | A cultivation method for peanut sprout |
| CN102349405A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2012-02-15 | 姜丽丽 | Technology for spring sowing peanut through mulching film |
| CN103733855A (en) * | 2013-12-22 | 2014-04-23 | 黄翔 | High-yield Shanhua-15 peanut precise-cultivation method |
| CN103891498A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-07-02 | 周世永 | Planting method of organic peanuts |
| CN104521536A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-04-22 | 山东卧龙种业有限公司 | Green and pollution-free peanut high-yield cultivation method |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105706682A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-29 | 和县聂兴圩蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | Peanut irrigation technology |
| CN105724002B (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2018-08-17 | 泰安市农业科学研究院 | One high yield, the method for non-polluted cultivation cultivated peanut |
| CN109566302A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-04-05 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | Intensive farmland wide cut wheel intercropping plant technology |
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Application publication date: 20151223 |
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