CN105157624A - Combined chord measurement method for longitudinal irregularity of steel rail - Google Patents
Combined chord measurement method for longitudinal irregularity of steel rail Download PDFInfo
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- CN105157624A CN105157624A CN201510260240.XA CN201510260240A CN105157624A CN 105157624 A CN105157624 A CN 105157624A CN 201510260240 A CN201510260240 A CN 201510260240A CN 105157624 A CN105157624 A CN 105157624A
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combined chord measurement method for longitudinal irregularity of a steel rail. Under the premise of no increase in the system cost, through comparison and selection of a particular chord length of 1m and combination of a cord length dividing ratio of 3:97, an optimal FIR inverse filter design method and flexible combination (three one-dimensional sensors simultaneously use a three-point deflected chord, and only 1# and 3# sensors use a two-point chord) of three sensors in the same group are combined, the short wavelength detection and the long wavelength detection are integrated, and actual irregular waveforms of the rail in a full recovery band can be accurately restored.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of compound chord measurement for measuring the longitudinal longitudinal irregularity of rail.
Background technology
Theoretical research and engineering practice are verified, track irregularity be cause rolling stock produce vibration, cause wheel-rail force increase, cause circuit aspect directly to limit the principal element of road speed.Therefore, Measurement accuracy grasps the actual conditions of track irregularity is the precondition realizing carrying out rail smooth state Scientific Assessment and monitoring management.
The longitudinal irregularity waveform that track exists is the randomness distortion of space distribution, and wavelength coverage is from tens millimeters to over one hundred rice, and the longer amplitude of wavelength is larger, by the irregularity entirely accurate that track exists to detect be very difficult.Because the performance of dynamics of vehicle is different, vehicle only has response to the track irregularity waveform of a wavelength range.Therefore, detection system only needs restore the irregularity waveform in particular range of wavelengths and measure.Under high-speed condition, the wavelength irregularity of 20m ~ 70m, by the car body generation exciting making natural frequency lower, general railway or heavy haul railway (speed 80Km/h ~ 120Km/h) are only limited medium wavelength (5m ~ 12m) irregularity, and the control to short wavelength (30mm ~ 1000mm) irregularity paid attention to especially by high-speed railway.Arrange accordingly and recover to be with as 30mm ~ 60m.
At present, countries in the world are used for measuring the method for longitudinal irregularity and can be summarized as inertial reference method and the large class of chord measurement two.
Inertial reference method sets up an inertial reference benchmark by acceleration transducer in the car body of motion, utilizes the displacement transducer on car body to measure the relative position of track relative to benchmark, thus obtain the relative position of rail surface in inertial coordinates system.Principle as shown in Figure 1.
If A (t) represents the vertical vibration acceleration of car body, it is measured by the accelerometer be arranged on car body floor, the vibration of car body and impact relatively little, is maximumly no more than several g (acceleration of gravity).D (L) represents the vertical relative displacement between axle box and car body, it is measured by the displacement transducer be arranged between axle box and accelerometer, the movement locus that corresponding Integral Processing just can obtain accelerometer mounting points is done to acceleration, makes the track P (L) that algebraic operation can obtain rail top face with D (L) further.Its operation expression is:
P(L)＝∫∫A(t)dt
2-D(L)(1)
Chord measurement longitudinally drives several displacement transducer according to the spacing word order designed in advance along track, by displacement sensor light source incidence point and rail level distance, then divide according to chord length and obtain string measured value than derivation, the most basic string examining system is 2 strings or 3 equal string measuring systems.Wait string for 3, principle as shown in Figure 2.
String measured value bo is also not equal to the actual value bb' of track irregularity, but the product of actual value and ssystem transfer function.
Inertial reference method can meet measurement requirement in theory.But the axle box acceleration dynamic range caused due to track irregularity is very large, and to measure the irregularity of 0.lm to 50m wavelength, resolving accuracy is 1 millimeter, then need acceleration measurement dynamic range to be 0.0013g-311g, frequency range is 0.56Hz-278Hz.Current sensor and Electrical Measuring Instrument are all difficult to ensure such resolving accuracy in dynamic range large like this.Meanwhile, its accuracy of detection affects by train running speed, and detecting shortwave has certain blind area, is mainly used on large-scale track detection vehicle.
Chord measurement restores accuracy and restricts by transport function, mainly be divided into 2 strings, 4 kinds of measuring methods such as string, 3 inclined strings and 4 inclined strings such as 3, (chord length gets 330mm to the amplitude-versus-frequency curve of respective transfer functions as shown in Figure 3,3 inclined string chord lengths are divided into 1:10, and 4 inclined string chord lengths are divided into 3:17:1).
Wherein, string (versed sine method) amplitude gains such as 2 strings and 3 are very fast with irregularity wavelength variations, and be mainly used in restoring long wavelength's composition, now its chord length is generally tens of rice.2 strings can only restore the irregularity waveform of wavelength > chord length, and 3 are waited string can only restore the irregularity waveform of wavelength > 1/2 chord length.3 inclined strings and 4 inclined string (partially vowing method) transport functions comparatively complicated, amplitude gain is mild with wavelength variations, and be mainly used in restoring short wavelength's composition, its chord length is general less than 1 meter.
Recover band for the 30mm ~ 60m arranged, all can not effectively satisfy the demands when above 4 kinds of methods are used alone.
The detection of inertial reference method and data handling system are comparatively complicated and expensive, and chord measurement can only restore specific long wavelength or short wavelength's composition, can not restore the 30mm ~ 60m full recovery band arranged.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is, not enough for prior art, provides a kind of compound chord measurement for measuring the longitudinal longitudinal irregularity of rail.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of compound chord measurement for measuring the longitudinal longitudinal irregularity of rail, comprises the following steps:
1) three laser sensors are set respectively on the left rail and right rail of track;
2) i=0 is made;
3) the light source incidence point that three laser sensor synchronous acquisitions on left rail or right rail arrive is to the range data of Rail Surface, the range data of three laser sensor collections is respectively stored in array 1# (i), in 2# (i), 3# (i);
4) make i=i+1, repeat above-mentioned steps 3), until i=50000;
5) by step 4) the three number groups that obtain are assigned to array 11# (j), 12# (j), 13# (j) respectively;
6) remove array 11# (j), the exceptional value in 12# (j), 13# (j), obtains new array 111# (j), 112# (j), 113# (j);
7) 3 inclined strings calculate: make s
1=111# (j), s
2=112# (j), s
3=113# (j), utilizes
calculate 3 inclined string strings measured value y (x) ', utilize 3 inclined string string measured values to design 3 inclined string inverse filters, recover string and survey waveform 30mm ~ 1200mm short wavelength composition; Wherein s=1000mm, a=30mm, b=970mm;
8) 2 inclined strings calculate: make k=0.Judge whether j%100 is zero, if so, 21# (k)=111# (j), 23# (k)=113# (j), k=k+1; Otherwise, make j=j+1, repeat above-mentioned steps and remainder judgement is carried out to j value, until j=50000;
9) s is made
1'=21# (k), s
2'=23# (k), utilizes formula y (x)=s
1'-s
3' calculate 2 strings string measured value y (x), and utilize 2 strings string measured value y (x) to design 2 inclined string inverse filters, recover string and survey waveform 1200mm ~ 60m long wavelength composition.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention has is: the present invention surveys merely the basis of waveform recovery for short wavelength (30mm ~ 1m) or long wavelength (1m ~ 60m) string improving traditional chord measurement, the specific chord length of 1m is selected by comparing, divide than, optimum FIR inverse filter design method, with the means such as flexible combination organizing 3 sensors in conjunction with 3:97 chord length, short wavelength and long-wavelength detection are combined together, can the actual irregularity waveform of track in accurate recovery full recovery band.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is inertial reference method schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is chord measurement schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the transport function amplitude versus frequency characte figure of four kinds of string survey methods;
Fig. 4 is detection system hardware block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 (a) is s=330mm, a=30mm, the inclined string amplitude frequency curve figure of 40mm, 50mm 3; Fig. 5 (b) is a=30mm, b:a=1, the inclined string amplitude frequency curve figure of b:a=5, b:a=10, b:a=15, b:a=20, b:a=30 3; Fig. 5 (c) is a=30mm, s=330mm, the inclined string amplitude frequency curve figure of 500mm, 800mm, 1000mm 3;
Fig. 6 is the present invention's 2 string Frequency Sampling Method design flow diagram;
Fig. 7 is the present invention's 3 string advantest method design flow diagram;
Fig. 8 is that string of the present invention surveys waveform recovery process flow diagram;
Fig. 9 is the present invention three kinds of waveform spatial domain figure;
Figure 10 is original waveform and the spectral contrast figure restoring waveform.
Embodiment
What cause for avoiding car body mounting means projects situation beyond tread by light during bend and occurs, the longitudinal longitudinal irregularity detection system of rail is placed on a detection dolly, the kinetic measurement of irregularity can be carried out with Operation Van's traction, fully improve operating efficiency.Detection system is tieed up several parts such as laser displacement sensor, concentrator, data acquisition system (DAS) by machinery mount, high precision 1 and is formed, and hardware system block diagram as shown in Figure 4.
Detection system adopt 2 groups totally 6 high precision 1 tie up laser displacement sensor, often organize 3, complete the measurement of the longitudinal longitudinal irregularity of side rail.Be placed in a mounting box with group 3 sensors, on one wire, and incident ray is all perpendicular to tread center line in light source incidence fixed fire.For ensureing that 3 sensor synchronous acquisition tread irregularity data and Spatial zonation are from the realization of sampling, wheel shaft installs a rotary photoelectric encoder, export equidistant square-wave pulse signal, signal is accessed the synchronous trigger input of sensor, sensor at the effective edge of pulse along synchronism output measurement data, can ensure that multiple sensor is synchronously equidistantly sampled.
Implementation procedure of the present invention is as follows:
The first step: selected suitable chord length and division ratio
Selected laser displacement sensor light source center spacing is minimum is 30mm.For compare chord length divide than and overall chord length on the impact of transport function amplitude versus frequency characte, carried out following 3 experiments (set overall chord length as s, chord length divides than being a:b):
1. get s=330mm, a=30mm, 40mm, 50mm, 3 inclined string amplitude frequency curves are as shown in Fig. 5 (a);
2. get a=30mm, b:a=1, b:a=5, b:a=10, b:a=15, b:a=20, b:a=30,3 inclined string amplitude frequency curves are as shown in Fig. 5 (b);
3. get a=30mm, s=330mm, 500mm, 800mm, 1000mm, 2 strings and 3 inclined string amplitude frequency curves are as shown in Fig. 5 (c).
If transport function is too small, inverse filter excessively amplifies string measured value can cause thermal agitation, therefore needs the blue horizontal warning line setting amplitude gain 0.1 in figure.Reached a conclusion by experimental result as follows:
1., during wavelength=a, 3 inclined string transport function amplitudes are 0;
2. 3 inclined string amplitude gain increase with wavelength and reduce gradually, and b:a ratio is larger, and gain reduction is slower;
3. fix a=30, during chord length s=1000mm, in cordon bleu line, it is 30mm-2000mm that 3 inclined strings recover wavelength, and it is 1.2m-63m that 2 strings recover wavelength, and both recover wavelength and effectively overlap, and meets actual recovery band 30mm-60m requirement.
Therefore, selected chord length s=1000mm, a=30mm, b=970mm.
Second step: design corresponding inverse filter
2 string transport functions:
H (ω)=1-e
-j* ω * s, s is chord length (3)
3 inclined string transport functions
s is chord length, and chord length divides than being a:b (4)
The chord length s selected by the first step and chord length thereof divide and substitute into formula (3) and formula (4) than a:b, design corresponding inverse filter.Wherein, 2 string transport functions are comparatively simple, adopt Frequency Sampling Method to design, and survey waveform long wavelength composition for recovering 1.2m ~ 60m irregularity string; 3 inclined string transport functions are comparatively complicated, and phase-frequency characteristic is difficult to calculate, and adopt advantest method to design, for recovering 30mm ~ 1200mm short wavelength composition.
2 string design flow diagram as shown in Figure 6.
3 inclined string design flow diagram as shown in Figure 7.
3rd step: string surveys acquisition and the waveform recovery of data
The every 2mm of detection system receives the trigger pulse that first encoding device is sent here, exports the shift value with group 31 dimension sensors.Sampling interval between every twice of 3 inclined strings is 2mm, and 2 strings are 200mm.
2 string string measured values
Y (x)=s
1-s
3, s
1, s
3for the shift value (5) that respective sensor records
3 inclined string string measured values
s
1, s
2, s
3for the shift value (6) that respective sensor records
The string measured value of 2 strings and 3 inclined strings is substituted into the inverse filter of the correspondence of second step design, waveform can be surveyed to string and restore accordingly.According to EN13231-3-2000 regulation, every 100m once evaluates rail smooth degree, and acquisition and the waveform of overall string survey data restore flow process as shown in Figure 8.
For ease of observing checking, design the irregularity original waveform of a segment length 100m, the sine-wave superimposed being respectively 50mm, 200mm, 1m, 5m, 10m by wavelength forms.Remove the point of 2# sensor without string measured value, obtain string and survey data.Respectively through 2 strings and 3 inclined string lifterings, obtain short wavelength's composition and long wavelength's composition recovery waveform.Three and corresponding frequency spectrum are as shown in Figure 9.
The actual string adopted of Fig. 9 surveys waveform and original waveform differs greatly, and the long wavelength's composition obtained through liftering is just in time the low-frequency range of original waveform, and short wavelength is its high band.Figure 10 restores waveform and substantially overlaps with the original waveform of corresponding section, and the spectral components that original waveform contains accurately embodies in recovery waveform, demonstrates the feasibility of this method.
Claims (1)
1., for measuring a compound chord measurement for the longitudinal longitudinal irregularity of rail, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) three laser sensors are set respectively on the left rail and right rail of track;
2) i=0 is made;
3) the light source incidence point that three laser sensor synchronous acquisitions on left rail or right rail arrive is to the range data of Rail Surface, the range data of three laser sensor collections is respectively stored in array 1# (i), in 2# (i), 3# (i);
4) make i=i+1, repeat above-mentioned steps 3), until i=50000;
5) by step 4) the three number groups that obtain are assigned to array 11# (j), 12# (j), 13# (j) respectively;
6) remove array 11# (j), the exceptional value in 12# (j), 13# (j), obtains new array 111# (j), 112# (j), 113# (j);
7) 3 inclined strings calculate: make s
1=111# (j), s
2=112# (j), s
3=113# (j), utilizes
calculate 3 inclined string strings measured value y (x) ', utilize 3 inclined string string measured values to design 3 inclined string inverse filters, recover string and survey waveform 30mm ~ 1200mm short wavelength composition; Wherein s=1000mm, a=30mm, b=970mm;
8) 2 inclined strings calculate: make k=0.Judge whether j%100 is zero, if so, 21# (k)=111# (j), 23# (k)=113# (j), k=k+1; Otherwise, make j=j+1, repeat above-mentioned steps and remainder judgement is carried out to j value, until j=50000;
9) s is made
1'=21# (k), s
2'=23# (k), utilizes formula y (x)=s
1'-s
3' calculate 2 strings string measured value y (x), and utilize 2 strings string measured value y (x) to design 2 inclined string inverse filters, recover string and survey waveform 1200mm ~ 60m long wavelength composition.
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Cited By (11)
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| CN109798850A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-05-24 | 湖南大学 | A kind of rail corrugation measurement method |
| CN110488042A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-11-22 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of train acceleration detection method, system, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN111307079A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-06-19 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Detection device |
| CN112590559A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-04-02 | 西南交通大学 | Configuration method for magnetic suspension track smoothness deviation chord survey |
| CN112902871A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-04 | 暨南大学 | Tramcar track irregularity detection method |
| CN113071529A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-06 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司 | Track elasticity detection method and device |
| CN113111554A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-13 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | Method for calculating deformation index of temporary overhead line of high-speed railway passing at speed of 80km per hour |
| CN113319152A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-08-31 | 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Method for realizing intelligent pressure straightening of steel rail |
| CN113548068A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-26 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Rail surface irregularity detection device and detection method |
| CN113959354A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-01-21 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司 | Device and method for measuring structural deformation based on optical fiber sensing |
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| CN109798850A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-05-24 | 湖南大学 | A kind of rail corrugation measurement method |
| CN109798850B (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-10-20 | 湖南大学 | Rail corrugation measuring method |
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| CN112590559B (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2022-03-08 | 西南交通大学 | Configuration method for magnetic suspension track smoothness deviation chord survey |
| CN112590559A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-04-02 | 西南交通大学 | Configuration method for magnetic suspension track smoothness deviation chord survey |
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| CN113111554A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-13 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | Method for calculating deformation index of temporary overhead line of high-speed railway passing at speed of 80km per hour |
| CN113111554B (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2024-03-08 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | Deformation index calculation method for temporary overhead line of high-speed railway passing 80km per hour |
| CN113319152A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-08-31 | 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Method for realizing intelligent pressure straightening of steel rail |
| CN113319152B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2022-10-28 | 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Method for realizing intelligent pressure straightening of steel rail |
| CN113548068A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-26 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Rail surface irregularity detection device and detection method |
| CN113548068B (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2023-09-12 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Rail surface irregularity detection device and detection method |
| CN113959354A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-01-21 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司 | Device and method for measuring structural deformation based on optical fiber sensing |
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