CN105154880B - Turbo rotor groove milling cutter surface TiCN multi-layer composite coatings preparation technologies - Google Patents
Turbo rotor groove milling cutter surface TiCN multi-layer composite coatings preparation technologies Download PDFInfo
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- CN105154880B CN105154880B CN201510564738.5A CN201510564738A CN105154880B CN 105154880 B CN105154880 B CN 105154880B CN 201510564738 A CN201510564738 A CN 201510564738A CN 105154880 B CN105154880 B CN 105154880B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/042—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material including a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxides, ZrO2, rare earth oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/044—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material coatings specially adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/40—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition
- C23C28/42—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition characterized by the composition of the alternating layers
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of turbo rotor groove milling cutter surface TiCN multi-layer composite coatings preparation technologies, including the pretreatment on tool matrix surface, cleaning, clamping and be loaded into cutter, prepared by multi-layer composite coatings, cooling is come out of the stove, post-processed.The sandwich construction formed using the preparation technology of coating of the present invention, with TiN and TiCN as alternate coatings, TiN the and TiCN alternate coatings that the number of plies is 50 are prepared on wheel groove milling cutter surface, TiN is prime coat, and outermost layer is TiCN.The coating prepared using this method alleviates the residual stress of coating and tool matrix, makes the adhesion of matrix and coating bigger, coating combination degree is higher, is not easy to peel off.In addition, introducing C atoms on the basis of TiN, cause distortion of lattice and solution strengthening effect, the hardness on tool matrix surface is can reach HV3500, improve cutter wearability, tool life, ensure turbine rotor crudy, reduce production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal working tool coating, and in particular to a kind of for turbo rotor groove processing
Fir-tree type milling cutter surface TiCN multi-layer composite coatings preparation technologies, the multi-layer composite coatings using TiN and TiCN alternating
Coating form.
Background technology
Rotor is one of difficulty highest, core component that the cycle is most long, price is most expensive, its fir-tree type wheel in steam turbine production
Groove shape is complicated, dimensional accuracy is high, and rotor commonly uses new material 26NiCrMov145 at present, and the toughness of material is good, but leads
Hot difference, processing hardening is more serious, so cutting heat is big during processing rotor fir-type grooves in rotors, chip removal is poor, and cutting temperature is high, race
Tool wear is serious, and cutter life is low, influences rotor machining efficiency and quality.For wheel groove milling cutter, old cutter coat technique
Preparation method can not meet the processing request of novel rotor material.The effective ways for solving rotor machining cutter are using advanced
Nanometer multilayer composite coating technology, new coating should have higher hardness, wearability, high-temperature stability, high combination strong
Degree and Adhesion Resistance, improve the combination property and service life of the coated cutting tool of processing 26NiCrMov145 materials.
Element doping turns into current coating technology study hotspot, and cutter coat can be significantly improved by adulterating third element
Performance.TiN belongs to gap phase, and metal can be added to it or nonmetalloid forms ternary coating, TiCN coatings are compared to
TiN coatings have higher intensity, hardness.Although single coating also has high hardness and good corrosion resistance,
Still it is oxidized easily at relatively high temperatures and loses original performance.Using multi-layer composite coatings technology, list can be not only obtained
Performance possessed by one coating, and the combination property of coating is significantly improved.Sandwich construction relaxes coating
Intrinsic stress, and also significantly improved with the adhesion of tool matrix.Can using advanced TiCN nanometer multilayers composite coating technology
Effectively to solve 26NiCrMov145 material rotors processing problem.
The content of the invention
In order to improve cutting-tool's used life, ensure turbine rotor machining accuracy, the present invention provides a kind of steam turbine and turned
Sub- wheel groove milling cutter surface TiCN multi-layer composite coatings preparation technologies.The technique provides a set of strict coated cutting tool pre-treatment with after
Processing scheme, pre-treatment effectively improve the adhesion of coating and tool matrix, solve the coating easily technical problem such as peeling, post processing
By going the techniques such as drop to effectively improve machining accuracy and suface processing quality coating surface, wheel groove milling cutter surface is set to have more
High hardness, wearability and high-temperature stability.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of turbo rotor groove milling cutter surface TiCN multi-layer composite coatings prepare work
Skill, comprise the following steps：
（1）Tool matrix surface preparation：With absolute alcohol and sandblasting tool matrix surface is carried out oil removing, deburring,
Oxide process is removed, is roughened matrix surface, improves film-substrate cohesion；
（2）Cleaning：Pretreated cutter is cleaned and dried up with absolute alcohol again, and by the cutter base after cleaning
Body clamping, which is sent into supersonic wave cleaning machine, carries out ultrasonic wave cleaning；
（3）Clamping and loading tool matrix：After ultrasonic wave is cleaned and the cutter clamping dried is on spraying frame, and is loaded into
Spraying furnace intracavitary；
（4）It is prepared by multi-layer composite coatings：
A., pretreated tool matrix is uniformly fixed to the rotation spray film frame taper with autobiography and revolution function
In set, spray film frame revolution rotating speed is 3 revs/min；Spraying furnace chamber is evacuated, is heated to 450 DEG C, the heat time is 100 points
Clock, argon gas is passed through, when vacuum reaches 5.0 × 10-3During mBar, it is 800V to set bias, cleans tool matrix, and cleaning time is
12 minutes；
B.Ti targets are powered, electrical current 180A, and nitrogen and acetylene gas are passed through into spraying furnace chamber, and holding vacuum is
9.0×10-3MBar, it is 150V to set bias, by adjusting the flow of nitrogen and acetylene, sputters Ti targets, prepares TiN and TiCN and hands over
For coating, TiN is prime coat, and outermost layer TiCN, sedimentation time is 85 minutes, prepares 50 layers of sandwich construction；Terminate coating
Afterwards, cutter is taken out after furnace temperature is cooled to 150-200 DEG C, is cooled to normal temperature；
（5）Post processing：The coated cutting tool that will be cooled to room temperature carries out blasting treatment again, is produced for removing in coating procedure
Drop, and play surface peening effect.
The step（1）Comprise the following steps：
A. tool matrix is completely immersed in absolute alcohol, cleaned using manually oil removing removal of impurities is carried out to surface；
B. by after alcohol washes and the tool matrix of evaporation drying is put into abrasive blast equipment so that nozzle and tool matrix
Distance is 100~200mm, and angle is 20 °~30 ° between injection direction and tool matrix surface normal direction；
The step（2）Comprise the following steps：
A. tool matrix is completely immersed in absolute alcohol, cleaned using manually oil removing removal of impurities is carried out to surface；
B. each water cavity equipped with cleaning fluid of supersonic wave cleaning machine is preheated to 60 DEG C, and by the knife after alcohol washes
Have matrix clamping, be sent into the furnace chamber of supersonic wave cleaning machine and clean, scavenging period is 35 minutes；
C. after the completion of cleaning, done with baking oven, cooling, take out tool matrix.
The step（5）In will be cooled to the coated cutting tool of room temperature and carry out blasting treatment specific method again and be：After coating
Tool matrix be clamped on the swivel mount of sand-blasting machine, set rotary speed be 3 revs/min, blast time be 10 minutes, start
Program carries out sandblasting.
The beneficial effect for the coated cutting tool that the present invention obtains is：The TiCN multi-layer composite coatings thickness that the present invention obtains is single
Face 4-5 microns, the coefficient of friction on cutter coat surface are not more than 0.25, and the heat-resisting and resistance to high temperature oxidation temperature of coating is more than 600
DEG C, the case hardness of coating is HV3500, and compared with conventional coating, the combination property of cutter is improved, and the life-span greatly prolongs.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is turbo rotor groove semifinishing race surface configuration schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the turbo rotor groove milling cutter composite multi-layer cutter coat structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Preparation technology of coating technical scheme of the present invention is：According to rotor material, cutter material, machining side
Formula, tool geometry（Fig. 1）, machining requirement etc. carry out coating design, including coating composition, coating structure, coating work
Skill.The coating uses sandwich construction, and with TiN and TiCN as alternate coatings, the TiN that the number of plies is 50 is prepared on wheel groove milling cutter surface
The alternate coatings of coating 1 and TiCN coatings 2（Fig. 2）, TiN is prime coat, and outermost layer is TiCN.Deposited using cathodic arc technique
TiN/TiCN multi-layer composite coatings, depositing temperature is low, and tool matrix 3 is not damaged, and the coating thermal stress of preparation is small, and surface is equal
Even densification, finish are good.Using TiN as prime coat and intermediate layer, relax the intrinsic stress of coatings growth, make coating with
Tool matrix combination degree improves, and avoids coating shedding.
Coating process technical scheme of the present invention carries out strict coating pre-treatment to tool matrix, and to coating
Cutter afterwards has carried out corresponding post processing.Using advanced abrasive blast equipment, can thoroughly remove the grease of tool surface, dirt,
Oxide skin, rust, erosion, oxide and other impurities, the adhesive force of coating and tool matrix surface can be effectively improved.To coating
Cutter afterwards carries out blasting treatment, can remove drop phenomenon caused by surface after cutter coat, also tool surface can be played by force
Change acts on.
Preparation technology of coating scheme key step of the present invention has：
（1）The pretreatment on tool matrix surface：Oil removing, unhairing are carried out to tool matrix surface using absolute alcohol and sandblasting
Thorn, oxide process is removed, be roughened matrix surface, improve film-substrate cohesion；
（2）Cleaning：Pretreated cutter is reused into absolute alcohol to be cleaned and dried up, and by the knife after cleaning
Have matrix to carry out carrying out ultrasonic wave cleaning in clamping feeding supersonic wave cleaning machine；
（3）Clamping and loading tool matrix：After ultrasonic wave is cleaned and the cutter clamping dried is on spraying frame, and carries
Enter spraying furnace intracavitary；
（4）The preparation of multi-layer composite coatings：Furnace chamber door is closed, startup program, starts to prepare composite laminated coating.
（5）Cooling is come out of the stove：After the completion of coat program, matrix cools to 120 DEG C with the furnace under vacuo, and then coming out of the stove is air-cooled to
Room temperature；
（6）Workpiece post-processes after coating：The workpiece that will be cooled to room temperature carries out blasting treatment again, on the one hand can remove
Caused drop in coating procedure, on the other hand can play a part of surface peening.
The coating prepared using this method alleviates the residual stress for eliminating coating and tool matrix so that matrix and coating
Adhesion it is bigger strong, coating combination degree is higher, is not easy to peel off.In addition, introducing C atoms on the basis of TiN, cause lattice
The effect of distortion and solution strengthening so that the hardness on tool matrix surface can reach HV3500, improve cutter wearability, extend
Cutter life, ensure the machining accuracy of turbine rotor, reduce production cost.
Cathode arc coating technology equipment used in the present invention is produced by Switzerland, its model PlFC-04 ARC/
PRO.Used cleaning machine is the Italian supersonic wave cleaning machine production lines of Novatec 2CRD 200, is automatically performed cleaning, dries
Dry, cooling.Used abrasive blast equipment is its model FLB-D-84 by domestic product.
In order to be better understood from the present invention, illustrate that turbine rotor processes monoblock type PM HSS below（M42）
Wheel groove milling cutter coating prepares implementation process：
（1）The pretreatment on tool matrix surface：Tool surface is manually cleaned first with absolute alcohol, then by wheel groove milling cutter
It is put in sand-blasting machine, makes nozzle away from tool matrix surface 150mm, injection direction and the angle in the direction of tool matrix surface normal
For 25 °；
（2）Cleaning：Pretreated cutter is reused into absolute alcohol to be cleaned and dried up, by supersonic wave cleaning machine
Each water cavity equipped with cleaning fluid be preheated to 60 DEG C, and the tool matrix after cleaning is subjected to clamping and is sent into ultrasonic wave cleaning
Ultrasonic wave cleaning is carried out in machine, scavenging period is 35 minutes, after the completion of cleaning, the random interior drying of wheel groove milling cutter, cooling, is treated completely
Wheel groove milling cutter is taken out after drying, it is desirable to ensure water stain-free vestige on tool matrix；
（3）Clamping and loading tool matrix：After ultrasonic wave is cleaned and the wheel groove milling cutter clamping dried is with autobiography
On the rotary spraying frame of revolution function, and spraying furnace intracavitary is loaded into, spray film frame revolution rotating speed is 3 revs/min；
（4）The preparation of multi-layer composite coatings：Furnace chamber is evacuated, and the heating pipe device being equipped with using vacuum drying oven intracavitary
Gradient increased temperature heating is carried out to furnace chamber and tool matrix, is heated to 450 DEG C, the heat time is 100 minutes, is passed through argon gas, 5.0 ×
10-3During mBar, it is 800V to set bias, and etched clean tool matrix, cleaning time is 12 minutes；
（5）Ti targets are powered, electrical current 180A, and nitrogen and acetylene gas are passed through into furnace chamber, and it is 9.0 to keep vacuum
×10-3MBar, it is 150V to set bias, by adjusting the flow of nitrogen and acetylene, sputters Ti targets, prepares TiN and TiCN alternatings
Coating, sedimentation time are 85 minutes, prepare 50 layers of sandwich construction.
（6）Cooling is come out of the stove：After the completion of to be coated, matrix cools to 120 DEG C with the furnace under vacuo, and then coming out of the stove is air-cooled to room
Temperature；
（7）Cutter post-processes after coating：The coated cutting tool that will be cooled to room temperature carries out blasting treatment again, after coating
Wheel groove milling cutter is clamped on the swivel mount of sand-blasting machine, and it is 3 revs/min to set rotary speed, and startup program is sandblasted, during sandblasting
Between be 10 minutes.
Being tested after coating proves, in cutter material is W2Mo9Cr4VCo8 using the preparation technology（M42）Wheel groove milling cutter
The TiN/TiCN multi-layer composite coatings of upper preparation, the coating uniform is fine and close, in grey black and good, the toughness with the combination degree of cutter
It is high.After testing, the coating layer thickness prepared on the cutter material is one side 4-5 microns, and the Vickers hardness of coating is HV3500, is applied
Layer is good with the adhesion of the cutter material, and high-temperature oxidation resistance is strong.Compared with conventional coating, the combination property of cutter is carried
Height, under equal machining condition and technological parameter, tool life improves more than 20%, and rotor machining cost reduces by more than 20%, quilt
The surface quality of processing part significantly improves.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of turbo rotor groove milling cutter surface TiCN multi-layer composite coatings preparation technologies, it is characterised in that including following
Step：
（1）Tool matrix surface preparation：Oil removing, deburring, removing are carried out to tool matrix surface with absolute alcohol and sandblasting
Oxide process, it is roughened matrix surface, improves film-substrate cohesion；
（2）Cleaning：Pretreated cutter is cleaned and dried up with absolute alcohol again, and the tool matrix after cleaning is filled
Pinch progress ultrasonic wave cleaning in supersonic wave cleaning machine；
（3）Clamping and loading tool matrix：After ultrasonic wave is cleaned and the cutter clamping dried is on spraying frame, and is loaded into spraying
In furnace chamber；
（4）It is prepared by multi-layer composite coatings：
A. pretreated tool matrix is uniformly fixed in the rotation spray film frame taper sheath with autobiography and revolution function,
It is 3 revs/min to spray film frame revolution rotating speed；Spraying furnace chamber is evacuated, is heated to 450 DEG C, the heat time is 100 minutes, is led to
Enter argon gas, when vacuum reaches 5.0 × 10-3During mBar, it is 800V to set bias, cleans tool matrix, and cleaning time is 12 points
Clock；
B.Ti targets are powered, electrical current 180A, and nitrogen and acetylene gas are passed through into spraying furnace chamber, and it is 9.0 to keep vacuum
×10-3Mbar, it is 150V to set bias, by adjusting the flow of nitrogen and acetylene, sputters Ti targets, prepares TiN and TiCN alternatings
Coating, TiN are prime coat, and outermost layer TiCN, sedimentation time is 85 minutes, prepares 50 layers of sandwich construction；After terminating coating,
Cutter is taken out after furnace temperature is cooled to 150-200 DEG C, is cooled to normal temperature；
（5）Cutter post-processes after coating：The coated cutting tool that will be cooled to room temperature carries out blasting treatment again, for removing coating procedure
In caused drop, and play surface peening effect.
2. TiCN multi-layer composite coatings preparation technologies in turbo rotor groove milling cutter surface according to claim 1, it is special
Sign is, the step（1）Comprise the following steps：
A. tool matrix is completely immersed in absolute alcohol, cleaned using manually oil removing removal of impurities is carried out to surface；
B. by simultaneously the tool matrix of evaporation drying is put into abrasive blast equipment after alcohol washes so that the distance of nozzle and tool matrix
For 100~200mm, angle is 20 °~30 ° between injection direction and tool matrix surface normal direction.
3. TiCN multi-layer composite coatings preparation technologies in turbo rotor groove milling cutter surface according to claim 1, it is special
Sign is, the step（2）Comprise the following steps：
A. tool matrix is completely immersed in absolute alcohol, cleaned using manually oil removing removal of impurities is carried out to surface；
B. each water cavity equipped with cleaning fluid of supersonic wave cleaning machine is preheated to 60 DEG C, and by the cutter after alcohol washes
Matrix clamping, it is sent into the furnace chamber of supersonic wave cleaning machine and cleans, scavenging period is 35 minutes；
C. after the completion of cleaning, done with baking oven, cooling, take out tool matrix.
4. TiCN multi-layer composite coatings preparation technologies in turbo rotor groove milling cutter surface according to claim 1, it is special
Sign is, the step（5）In will be cooled to the coated cutting tool of room temperature and carry out blasting treatment specific method again and be：After coating
Tool matrix is clamped on the swivel mount of sand-blasting machine, and it is 3 revs/min to set rotary speed, and blast time is 10 minutes, starts journey
Sequence carries out sandblasting.
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| CN201510564738.5A CN105154880B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Turbo rotor groove milling cutter surface TiCN multi-layer composite coatings preparation technologies |
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| CN105154880B true CN105154880B (en) | 2018-01-26 |
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| CN106065460B (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2018-11-30 | 圆兴(厦门)精密工具有限公司 | Miniature thread forming tap composite coating and its preparation process and Preparation equipment |
| CN109182663A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-01-11 | 浙江钜丰冲压科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of wear-resistant rotor |
| CN109182984B (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2020-10-23 | 西安浩元航空科技有限公司 | Method for preparing TiCN coating on surface of screw tap |
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