CN105123573B - Fugu obscurus raun and takifugu flavidus milter cross breeding method - Google Patents
Fugu obscurus raun and takifugu flavidus milter cross breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105123573B CN105123573B CN201510446427.9A CN201510446427A CN105123573B CN 105123573 B CN105123573 B CN 105123573B CN 201510446427 A CN201510446427 A CN 201510446427A CN 105123573 B CN105123573 B CN 105123573B
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- 241000980706 Takifugu obscurus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 241000054450 Takifugu flavidus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000009402 cross-breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000013345 egg yolk Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000239250 Copepoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000013020 embryo development Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000026109 gonad development Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001441723 Takifugu Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000723353 Chrysanthemum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001441726 Tetraodontiformes Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009403 interspecific hybridization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001441728 Molidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000054452 Takifugu ocellatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001441722 Takifugu rubripes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001441724 Tetraodontidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003653 coastal water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008774 maternal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
Fugu obscurus raun and takifugu flavidus milter cross breeding method, its feature include Juvenile stage, parent population reinforced cultivating, artificial insemination and hatching, larval rearing；Parent population is from 3 age above healthy matures individual, by temperature control and fortification, promotes the sexal maturity of male and female parent population synchronous；Using the insemination of artificial dry method and hatching process control measures, hatch water temperature control at 20 22 DEG C, incubation of membrane just feeds bait to it after 3 days, food species are respectively egg yolk granule → wheel animalcule → artemia nauplii/Copepods, and fry just can move it to the outer pool and carry out seedling cultivation kind when reaching 8mm.The breeding method makes the spawning rate of parent population up to more than 98%, and exomixis rate is up to 90%, and incubation rate is up to 85%；Hybrid seedlings survival rate can be made more than 80%, hybrid seedlings can be achieved and cultivate scale, batch production.
Description
Technical field
It is female that interspecific hybridization breeding technical field, especially fugu obscurus are belonged to together the invention belongs to aquaculture seawater fish
Fish and the breeding method of takifugu flavidus milter Hybrid.
Background technology
Fugu obscurus (Takifugu obscurus) and takifugu flavidus (Takifugu flavidus) are under the jurisdiction of
Tetraodontiformes (Tetraodontif-ormes), Molidae (Tetraodontidae), Fugu category (Fugu).Fugu obscurus is near
Hai Nuanwen water borne base migration fishes, the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea, middle and lower reach of Yangtze River region are distributed mainly in China, and spring parent population is traced back
River breeding migration is bred into fresh water rivers tributary, and juvenile fish is fattened in fresh water；Takifugu flavidus is commonly called as ship bar, all over the sky
Star, is distributed mainly on the coastal immediate offshore area of northwest Pacific, and the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea and Bohai Offshore, category temperature are distributed mainly in China
Band coastal waters demersal fishes, breed in the seawater.Recently as the increasingly mature of cultural technique, fugu obscurus and the yellow east of chrysanthemum
The cultivation scale of Puffer is also constantly expanding, and both self-characteristics determine that it cultivates future, the fugu obscurus speed of growth
It hurry up, 1-2 just can reach listing requirement, but its economic value is low compared with takifugu flavidus, although takifugu flavidus value is higher, but
Its speed of growth is slow compared with fugu obscurus, commercial specification is can be only achieved after general 3 years, therefore develop a kind of fast growth, city
Field acceptance is high, cultivation value is big new varieties are just particularly important.
According to hybrid organisms characteristic, if fugu obscurus and takifugu flavidus are hybridized, reconfigure gene,
It is oriented to cultivate, it is expected to obtain the hybridization for possessing parent both sides' merit or producing the unexistent new merit of parent
Kind, that is, cultivate that fast growth, individual be big, meat is good, and the river Puffer cultivation new varieties with extensive market acceptance.At present
It is less about the research report in terms of Fugu class hybridization, it is concentrated mainly on takifugu flavidus and Fugu rubripes, fugu ocellatus
Hybridization between Puffer, and then there is not been reported about fugu obscurus raun and takifugu flavidus milter cross breeding method.
The content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being to provide a kind of weak point for overcoming fugu obscurus and takifugu flavidus, profit
The characteristics of with both each, which obtain, a kind of to be had not only having for parents' feature concurrently and grows fast advantage but also adapted to cultivation
The property high excellent breed variety of strong, market acceptance.
Technical scheme is made up of following steps：
1st, Juvenile stage：Pick out individual it is healthy and strong, disease-free, without disability, body surface without parasite, body character it is clear,
It is in a good state of nutrition, 3 fugu obscurus more than age is as female parent；Similarity condition screens satisfactory takifugu flavidus conduct
Male parent；
2nd, parent fish rearing：By parent population individual according to female-male proportion 1：1.5 are respectively put into reinforced cultivating in indoor cement pit, water
Mud sump floor space is 17 ㎡, and the depth of water is that dissolved oxygen maintains more than 5mg/L, illumination 600-800Lux, 1-2 in 60-90cm, water body
It changes water once, and water temperature is maintained between 18-20 DEG C, parent fish rearing density≤5 tails/m3；Clam meat, fresh fish are fed during parent culture
Animal bait, every morning 8:00-9:00 and afternoon 16:00-17:00 respectively feeds once, and each feeding volume is parent population gross weight
5%, first remove residual bait and excreta with dirt sucking tube before each bait throwing in；
3rd, period management is bred：The breeding period of fugu obscurus and takifugu flavidus distinguishes fresh water in annual 3-5 months
Bred with seawater；According to the gonad development rule of two kinds of fishes, simulated ecological condition is created to the parent through reinforced cultivating：Carry
For fresh fresh water and nature seawater, into water body blowing aeration with ensure the dissolved oxygen in water body higher than 5mg/L, using heating
Or cooling control water temperature maintains 18-20 DEG C, illumination is maintained at 600- by sunshade net shading or light supplement irradiation
800Lux, realizes that the female fish ovaries of fugu obscurus, takifugu flavidus milter spermary are synchronously reached maturity, and can ovulate and arrange essence；
4th, artificial insemination：Fugu obscurus raun belly metamorphosis situation is observed, treats that its gonapophysis front end is full, light pressure
When belly has ovum outflow and light pressure takifugu flavidus milter belly to have white seminal fluid outflow, dry method insemination method pair just can be used
It carries out artificial insemination, completes hybridization；
5th, hatching management：The fish-egg of artificial insemination is directly splashed hatching, cultivating, pond are carried out into ready cement pit
Interior water temperature control is at 21 ± 0.5 DEG C, and water salinity is 5 ‰, and micro- inflation, dissolved oxygen maintains more than 5mg/L；Embryonated egg is through 150-
The embryonic development of 170 hours, prelarva just can incubation of membrane, the newly hatched larvae after membrane need not feed bait in 3 days, mainly according to
Development by metamorphosis is completed by its endogenous nutrition；Egg yolk granule is mainly fed to fry in 4-6 days, by 200 mesh sieves of egg yolk
Thin,tough silk rubs broken with the hands, with 300 mesh silk cover filterings；Wheel animalcule is fed in 7-10 days, artemia nauplii or Copepods are fed from 11 days, fry is treated
When growing to 8mm, it just can move it to outdoor ponds and carry out seed rearing, going out Chi Qianxu, gradually salinization is extremely by breeding spand water salinity
Cultivating pool water salinity.
The beneficial effect of cross breeding method of the present invention be the spawning rate for making parent population up to more than 98%, exomixis rate reaches
90%, incubation rate is up to 85%, and hybrid seedlings survival rate is more than 80%, successfully there is provided a kind of fugu obscurus and the yellow east of chrysanthemum
The cross breeding method of square Puffer, the method belong to Fugu category in fresh water breed kind female and seawater breed kind male success
The breakthrough first of hybridization；During the pond rearing of hybrid seedlings, 1 age hybridization river Puffer fish individual is big, growth is fast, premunition
By force, body weight be his father, maternal 1.5 times, with obvious hybrid vigour, be expected to cultivate hybridization Fugu new lines.
Embodiment
Understand in order that the technological means that the present invention is implemented is understood, with reference to instantiation, be expanded on further, this experiment
Carried out in the 4-5 months in 2014 in Jiangsu Qidong.
Fugu obscurus raun is main by following several with the technical scheme that takifugu flavidus milter belongs to interspecific hybridization breeding together
Individual step composition：
1st, Juvenile stage：Pick out individual it is healthy and strong, disease-free, without disability, body surface without parasite, body character it is clear,
Be in a good state of nutrition, the tail of fugu obscurus 10 in 3 ages as female parent, specification is in 1500-2500g；Similarity condition screening is conformed to
The tail of takifugu flavidus 15 asked is as male parent, and specification is 1000-2000g.
2nd, parent fish rearing：By parent population individual according to female-male proportion 1：1.5 are respectively implanted reinforcing training in different parent fish rearing ponds
Educate, culture pond floor space is 17 ㎡, the depth of water is 60-90cm, dissolved oxygen maintains more than 5mg/L, illumination 600-800Lux, 1-2 days
Change water once, cultivate water temperature and maintain between 18-20 DEG C.To feed based on the animal baits such as clam meat, fresh fish during parent culture,
Every morning 8:00-9:00 and afternoon 16:00-17:00 respectively feeds once, and each feeding volume is about the 5% of parent population gross weight, every time
First residual bait and excreta are removed before bait throwing in dirt sucking tube.
3rd, period management is bred：The breeding period of fugu obscurus and takifugu flavidus distinguishes fresh water in annual 3-5 months
Bred with seawater；According to the gonad development rule of two kinds of fishes, simulated ecological condition is created to the parent through reinforced cultivating：Carry
For fresh fresh water and nature seawater, into water body blowing aeration with ensure the dissolved oxygen in water body higher than 5mg/L, using heating
Or cooling control water temperature maintains 18-20 DEG C, illumination is maintained at 600- by sunshade net shading or light supplement irradiation
800Lux, realizes that the female fish ovaries of fugu obscurus, takifugu flavidus milter spermary are synchronously reached maturity, and can ovulate and arrange essence.
4th, artificial insemination：Fugu obscurus raun belly metamorphosis situation is observed, treats that its gonapophysis front end is full, light pressure
When belly has ovum outflow and light pressure takifugu flavidus milter belly to have white seminal fluid outflow, dry method insemination method pair just can be used
It carries out artificial insemination, completes hybridization.
5th, hatching management：The fish-egg of artificial insemination is directly laid into ready cement hatchery and carries out hatching training
Educate, pool inner water temperature control system is at 21 ± 0.5 DEG C, and water salinity is 5 ‰, and micro- inflation, dissolved oxygen maintains more than 5mg/L；Embryonated egg passes through
The embryonic development of 150-170 hours, prelarva just can incubation of membrane, the newly hatched larvae after membrane need not feed bait in 3 days, main
Development by metamorphosis is completed by its endogenous nutrition；Egg yolk granule is mainly fed to fry in 4-6 days；Wheel is fed in 7-10 days
Worm, feeds artemia nauplii or Copepods from 11 days, when fry grows to 8mm, just can move it to outdoor ponds and carry out seedling
Kind cultivate, go out Chi Qianxu by breeding spand water salinity gradually salinization to cultivating pool water salinity.
Claims (1)
1. fugu obscurus raun and takifugu flavidus milter cross breeding method, it is characterised in that be made up of the following steps：
1), Juvenile stage：Pick out individual it is healthy and strong, disease-free, without disability, body surface without parasite, body character be clear, nutrition
In order, 3 fugu obscurus more than age is as female parent, and specification is in 1500-2500g；Similarity condition screening is satisfactory
Takifugu flavidus is as male parent, and specification is 1000-2000g；
2), parent fish rearing：By parent population individual according to female-male proportion 1：1.5 are respectively put into reinforced cultivating in indoor cement pit, cement
Bottom of pond area is 17 ㎡, and the depth of water is 60-90cm, and dissolved oxygen maintains more than 5mg/L, illumination 600-800Lux, changes within 1-2 days water one
Secondary, water temperature maintains 18-20 DEG C, parent fish rearing density≤5 tails/m3；Clam meat, fresh fish animality bait are fed during parent culture
Material, every morning 8:00-9:00 and afternoon 16:00-17:00 respectively feeds once, and each feeding volume is the 5% of parent population gross weight, often
First residual bait and excreta are removed before secondary bait throwing in dirt sucking tube；
3) period management, is bred：The breeding period of fugu obscurus and takifugu flavidus in annual 3-5 months, respectively in fresh water
Bred with seawater；According to the gonad development rule of two kinds of fishes, simulated ecological condition is created to the parent through reinforced cultivating：Carry
For fresh fresh water and nature seawater, into water body blowing aeration with ensure the dissolved oxygen in water body higher than 5mg/L, using heating
Or cooling control water temperature maintains 18-20 DEG C, illumination is maintained at 600- by sunshade net shading or light supplement irradiation
800Lux, realizes that the female fish ovaries of fugu obscurus, takifugu flavidus milter spermary are synchronously reached maturity, and can ovulate and arrange essence；
4), artificial insemination：Fugu obscurus raun belly metamorphosis situation is observed, treats that its gonapophysis front end is full, gently presses abdomen
, just can be using dry method insemination method to it when portion has ovum outflow and light pressure takifugu flavidus milter belly to have white seminal fluid outflow
Artificial insemination is carried out, hybridization is completed；
5), hatching management：The fish-egg of artificial insemination is directly laid and carries out hatching, cultivating, pond into ready cement hatchery
Interior water temperature control is at 21 ± 0.5 DEG C, and water salinity is 5 ‰, and micro- inflation, dissolved oxygen maintains more than 5mg/L；Embryonated egg is through 150-
The embryonic development of 170 hours, prelarva just can incubation of membrane, the newly hatched larvae after membrane need not feed bait in 3 days, mainly according to
Development by metamorphosis is completed by its endogenous nutrition；Egg yolk granule is mainly fed to fry in 4-6 days；Wheel animalcule, 11 are fed in 7-10 days
It rises and feeds artemia nauplii or Copepods, when fry grows to 8mm, just can move it to outdoor ponds and carry out seed training
Educate, go out Chi Qianxu by breeding spand water salinity gradually salinization to cultivating pool water salinity.
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| KR101632842B1 (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-06-23 | 충청남도 | Hybridized species of olive takifugu obscurus and takifugu rubripes, and process for preparing the same |
| CN106172136B (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2019-10-11 | 江苏中洋集团股份有限公司 | A kind of fugu obscurus winter artificial fecundation method |
| CN106259118B (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2019-10-15 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | A kind of big squama Barb fry rearing method |
| CN107624682A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2018-01-26 | 大连富泰水产养殖有限公司 | A kind of Fugu rubripes cultural method |
| CN109601433A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-04-12 | 江苏中洋集团股份有限公司 | The method for improving fugu obscurus raun and Fugu rubripes milter exomixis rate |
| CN109601438A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-04-12 | 南通龙洋水产有限公司 | A kind of Fugu rubripes raun and fugu obscurus milter cross breeding method |
| CN109819914B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2021-05-25 | 海南晨海水产有限公司 | Artificial cross breeding method for egg-shaped pompano and pompano |
| CN110122381A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-08-16 | 北京市水产科学研究所（国家淡水渔业工程技术研究中心） | A kind of mating system of ray fish |
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| CN1116896A (en) * | 1995-03-20 | 1996-02-21 | 青岛海洋大学 | Artificial fry culturing method for red-fin dongfang globe fish |
| JPH1023865A (en) * | 1996-07-09 | 1998-01-27 | Nisshin Flour Milling Co Ltd | Raising of balloonfishes |
| CN102187839B (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2012-08-08 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Artificial crossing cultivation method of seawater takifugu species |
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