CN105075599A - Method for breeding strawberry seedlings - Google Patents
Method for breeding strawberry seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN105075599A CN105075599A CN201510484640.9A CN201510484640A CN105075599A CN 105075599 A CN105075599 A CN 105075599A CN 201510484640 A CN201510484640 A CN 201510484640A CN 105075599 A CN105075599 A CN 105075599A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding strawberry seedlings. The method comprises the steps of selecting seedlings, selecting culture land parcels, culturing the seedlings, performing heat insulation and transplanting the seedlings and the like. A scientific, operable and successful planting process mode is provided for planting red strawberries, the technical risk caused to operators in operation and the environmental influence risk are avoided, and successful planting and high yield and efficiency are guaranteed. A secondary synchronous seedling culture method with strawberry stem tip entity separation is adopted, the excellent hereditary character of the original variety is maintained, varietal character degenerate mutation is avoided, the problems of stubborn and destructive diseases such as anthracnose are solved, and it is guaranteed that the seedlings are tidy and robust after the seedling culture success and field transplanting. The yield formation at an earlier stage is guaranteed, continuous fruiting is achieved, and the per-mu economic benefit is maximized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural production technologies, be specifically related to a kind of mating system of strawberry seedling.
Background technology
In prior art, mostly adopt following several mode to carry out breeding of strawberry seedling: A, to adopt detoxification to breed, namely the stem apex of crawling of the strawberry in field growing is fetched indoor, take off top and breed in indoor cultivation, and then by after 3 grades of numerous seedlings, provide production seedling.The greatest problem one of the numerous seedling of this mode be numerous seedling for up to more than 3 years, the demand of market to new varieties seedling can not be complied with.Two is that numerous seedling cost is high.Through rough calculation, laboratory is often cultivated 1 strain core seedling and is about needed 6-7 unit, and peasant buys an about 3-5 unit of strain breeder's stock seedling, every mu of about 3000-5000 unit of seedling cost.Three is because in group training, hormone application dose is difficult to moderate control, causes strawberry kind to make a variation large, easily causes malformed fruit after Field planting.The overall growth of cereal crop seedlings is unstable simultaneously, easily reduces farmers' income.B, " old parents is parent " numerous seedling, namely after strawberry result results, arrange maternal plant on the spot and manage, utilizing the stolon of maternal plant new life to carry out numerous seedling.The greatest problem one of the numerous seedling of this mode is that disease is serious, and cause numerous seedling to be difficult to survive, plant after in ground even if numerous seedling survives, because young plant content of molds is large, death rate is higher, generally more than 30%, and even discarded replanting.Two is that after the kind transplantation of seedlings of incubation, improving activity of root system is poor, and seedling-slowing stage is long, and the normal development progress that have impact on young plant advances because Lao Miao stolon breeding vigor is poor.Three is that young plant field resistance, disease resistance and capacity of self-regulation are poor.Four is that early stage, really amount was few, and malformed fruit ratio is large, and fruit taste flavor is poor.Time and result has phenomenon out of stock.Five is that fruit commodity is poor, and benefit per mu is lower.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide that a kind of nursery success rate is high, achievement moral character is good, the mating system of the strawberry seedling of high financial profit.
The mating system of a kind of strawberry seedling provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
A mating system for strawberry seedling, comprises the following steps:
(1), select young seedling: in 10-11 month, select strawberry to crawl young seedling that stem apex just developed into, young seedling is 2 leaf 1 hearts or 1 leaf 1 heart shaped;
(2), select to cultivate plot: select ph value between 5.5-7, the content of organic matter is more than 2%, and a large amount of, middle amount and the complete sufficient sandy loam of micronutrient element are as plot;
(3), young seedling is cultivated: by young seedling field planting in above-mentioned cultivation plot, carry out before nursery applying fertilizer and whole moisture in the soil, moisture in the soil face width degree 1.0-1.3m, moisture in the soil height 0.3-0.5m, the wide 0.3-0.5m of dead furrow, dark more than the 0.4m of dead furrow, the young seedling of the whole good rear field planting in plot, resident time late November-mid-December, plantation density is 0.1*0.1m, waters permeable after field planting in time;
(4), insulation: when temperature is close to when reaching 0 ± 2 DEG C, carry out the insulation of cultivation plot;
(5), preparation is transplanted: treat transplanting soil and apply fertilizer, then whole moisture in the soil, whole moisture in the soil standard synchronisation rapid (3);
(6), transplant: in the mid or late March-late April of Second Year, when temperature is stabilized in 12 DEG C, transplanted by Strawberry Seedlings and transplanting in the soil after being ready to complete, 900-1100 strain seedling is transplanted in every mu of soil, and field planting is in the central authorities of moisture in the soil;
(7), water: soil is watered permeable, soil moisture content after Strawberry Seedlings survives, will be kept 75 ± 2%, when water content is too high, carry out field drainage;
(8), the extermination of disease and insect pest;
(9), supplementary fertilizer topdresses;
(10), plant housekeeping.
As further describing technique scheme:
In described step (3), cultivate plot during whole moisture in the soil and be greater than 2 mu, a waist ditch need be opened in plot central authorities.
As further describing technique scheme:
In described step (4), heat preserving mode carries out covering and heat insulating for adopting shed, be specially: be inserted in moisture in the soil both sides with bamboo chip, form bamboo shelf, then on bamboo frame, cover plastic sheeting for farm use insulation Overwintering Growth, until temperature goes back up to after more than 10 DEG C open two plastic sheeting for farm use ventilation, one month subsequently before being transplanted to nursery land for growing field crops, progressively throw off plastic sheeting for farm use.
As further describing technique scheme:
In described step (5), fertilization mode is, waits to transplant in soil to apply high-quality fertilizer more than 2000 kilograms at every mu, applies Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 80 kilograms as base manure simultaneously.
The present invention adopts the numerous seedling method of strawberry stem tip entity lift-off second synchronization, has both maintained the excellent genetic character of original kind, prevents again kind of a sexual involution variation; Both solved the obstinate types such as anthracnose, destructive disease problem, in turn ensure that the seedling after nursery success and land for growing field crops transplanting was neat, Miao Zhuan; Both ensure early yield formation, achieved continuous outcomes again, achieve every mu of maximization of economic benefit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
A mating system for strawberry seedling, comprises the following steps:
(1), select young seedling: in October, select strawberry to crawl young seedling that stem apex just developed into, young seedling be 2 leaf 1 hearts (because now the stolon top of young seedling is not subject in body and outer germ conducts dip-dye);
(2), select to cultivate plot: select ph value to be 6, the content of organic matter is 5%, in a large number, middle amount and the complete sufficient sandy loam of micronutrient element are as plot (wherein, in a large number, middle amount and trace element be the necessary chemical element of growth and development of plants in soil, and macronutrient generally includes N, P, K; Middle amount nutritive element generally includes Ca, Mg, S; Micronutrient element generally includes Fe, Mn, B, Zn, Cu, Mo, Cl);
(3), cultivate young seedling: by young seedling field planting in above-mentioned cultivation plot, before nursery, 1000 kilograms of high-quality fertilizers will be used sufficient in every mu of plot, and whole good moisture in the soil face, moisture in the soil face width degree 1.2m, moisture in the soil height 0.4m, the wide 0.4m of dead furrow, dark more than the 0.4m of dead furrow, plot is greater than 2 mus, need open a waist ditch in plot central authorities, the young seedling of the whole good rear field planting in plot, resident time is in late November, plantation density (seeding row spacing) 0.1*0.1m, waters permeable in time after field planting;
(4), be incubated: adopt shed to carry out covering and heat insulating at cultivation plot place, when temperature is close to when reaching 0 DEG C, moisture in the soil both sides are inserted in bamboo chip, form bamboo shelf, then on bamboo frame, cover plastic sheeting for farm use insulation Overwintering Growth, until temperature goes back up to after more than 10 DEG C open two plastic sheeting for farm use ventilation, one month subsequently before being transplanted to nursery land for growing field crops, progressively throw off plastic sheeting for farm use;
(5), preparation is transplanted: treat to apply high-quality fertilizer more than 2000 kilograms in transplanting soil at every mu, apply Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium (chemical fertilizer) 80 kilograms as base manure simultaneously; Then whole moisture in the soil, whole moisture in the soil standard synchronisation rapid (3);
(6), transplant: at the mid or late March of Second Year, when temperature is stabilized in 12 DEG C, Strawberry Seedlings is transplanted in the soil after transplanting is ready to complete and (transplant because low temperature is lower and temperature instability too early, seedling is difficult to survival and growth, cross transplanting late then fast because the temperature rises after planting, then affect the numerous seedling quality and quantity of seedling), 1000 strain seedlings are transplanted in every mu of soil, and field planting is in the central authorities of moisture in the soil;
(7), water: soil is watered permeable, soil moisture content after Strawberry Seedlings survives, will be kept 75%, when water content is too high, carry out field drainage;
(8), the extermination of disease and insect pest: attach most importance to damage by disease and insect such as anthracnose, soil insect, prodenia lituras;
(9), supplementary fertilizer topdresses;
(10), plant housekeeping.
By above cultivation management measure, seedling is made to reach large, the strong sprout of 4 leaf 1 hearts, anosis, root system complete prosperity sturdy without worm, rhizome.
Embodiment 2
A mating system for strawberry seedling, comprises the following steps:
(1), select young seedling: in November, select strawberry to crawl young seedling that stem apex just developed into, young seedling be 1 leaf 1 heart shaped (because now the stolon top of young seedling is not subject in body and outer germ conducts dip-dye);
(2), select to cultivate plot: select ph value to be 7, the content of organic matter is 3%, in a large number, middle amount and the complete sufficient sandy loam of micronutrient element are as plot (wherein, in a large number, middle amount and trace element be the necessary chemical element of growth and development of plants in soil, and macronutrient generally includes N, P, K; Middle amount nutritive element generally includes Ca, Mg, S; Micronutrient element generally includes Fe, Mn, B, Zn, Cu, Mo, Cl);
(3), cultivate young seedling: by young seedling field planting in above-mentioned cultivation plot, before nursery, 1000 kilograms of high-quality fertilizers will be used sufficient in every mu of plot, and whole good moisture in the soil face, moisture in the soil face width degree 1.1m, moisture in the soil height 0.3m, the wide 0.3m of dead furrow, dark more than the 0.4m of dead furrow, plot is greater than 2 mus, need open a waist ditch in plot central authorities, the young seedling of the whole good rear field planting in plot, resident time is in mid-December, plantation density (seeding row spacing) 0.1*0.1m, waters permeable in time after field planting;
(4), be incubated: adopt shed to carry out covering and heat insulating at cultivation plot place, when temperature is close to when reaching 0 DEG C, moisture in the soil both sides are inserted in bamboo chip, form bamboo shelf, then on bamboo frame, cover plastic sheeting for farm use insulation Overwintering Growth, until temperature goes back up to after more than 10 DEG C open two plastic sheeting for farm use ventilation, one month subsequently before being transplanted to nursery land for growing field crops, progressively throw off plastic sheeting for farm use;
(5), preparation is transplanted: treat to apply high-quality fertilizer more than 2000 kilograms in transplanting soil at every mu, apply Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium (chemical fertilizer) 80 kilograms as base manure simultaneously; Then whole moisture in the soil, whole moisture in the soil standard synchronisation rapid (3);
(6), transplant: in the late April of Second Year, when temperature is stabilized in 12 DEG C, Strawberry Seedlings is transplanted in the soil after transplanting is ready to complete and (transplant because low temperature is lower and temperature instability too early, seedling is difficult to survival and growth, cross transplanting late then fast because the temperature rises after planting, then affect the numerous seedling quality and quantity of seedling), 1100 strain seedlings are transplanted in every mu of soil, and field planting is in the central authorities of moisture in the soil;
(7), water: soil is watered permeable, soil moisture content after Strawberry Seedlings survives, will be kept 76%, when water content is too high, carry out field drainage;
(8), the extermination of disease and insect pest: attach most importance to damage by disease and insect such as anthracnose, soil insect, prodenia lituras;
(9), supplementary fertilizer topdresses;
(10), plant housekeeping.
By above cultivation management measure, seedling is made to reach large, the strong sprout of 4 leaf 1 hearts, anosis, root system complete prosperity sturdy without worm, rhizome.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention be not only confined to above-described embodiment, and all technical schemes belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to protection scope of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a mating system for strawberry seedling, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1), select young seedling: in 10-11 month, select strawberry to crawl young seedling that stem apex just developed into, young seedling is 2 leaf 1 hearts or 1 leaf 1 heart shaped;
(2), select to cultivate plot: select ph value between 5.5-7, the content of organic matter is more than 2%, and a large amount of, middle amount and the complete sufficient sandy loam of micronutrient element are as plot;
(3), young seedling is cultivated: by young seedling field planting in above-mentioned cultivation plot, carry out before nursery applying fertilizer and whole moisture in the soil, moisture in the soil face width degree 1.0-1.3m, moisture in the soil height 0.3-0.5m, the wide 0.3-0.5m of dead furrow, dark more than the 0.4m of dead furrow, the young seedling of the whole good rear field planting in plot, resident time late November-mid-December, plantation density is 0.1*0.1m, waters permeable after field planting in time;
(4), insulation: when temperature is close to when reaching 0 ± 2 DEG C, carry out the insulation of cultivation plot;
(5), preparation is transplanted: treat transplanting soil and apply fertilizer, then whole moisture in the soil, whole moisture in the soil standard synchronisation rapid (3);
(6), transplant: in the mid or late March-late April of Second Year, when temperature is stabilized in 12 DEG C, transplanted by Strawberry Seedlings and transplanting in the soil after being ready to complete, 900-1100 strain seedling is transplanted in every mu of soil, and field planting is in the central authorities of moisture in the soil;
(7), water: soil is watered permeable, soil moisture content after Strawberry Seedlings survives, will be kept 75 ± 2%, when water content is too high, carry out field drainage;
(8), the extermination of disease and insect pest;
(9), supplementary fertilizer topdresses;
(10), plant arranges.
2. the mating system of strawberry seedling according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (3), cultivates plot and is greater than 2 mu, need open a waist ditch in plot central authorities during whole moisture in the soil.
3. the mating system of strawberry seedling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (4), heat preserving mode carries out covering and heat insulating for adopting shed, be specially: be inserted in moisture in the soil both sides with bamboo chip, form bamboo shelf, on bamboo frame, then cover plastic sheeting for farm use insulation Overwintering Growth, until temperature goes back up to after more than 10 DEG C open two plastic sheeting for farm use ventilation, one month subsequently before being transplanted to nursery land for growing field crops, progressively throw off plastic sheeting for farm use.
4. the mating system of strawberry seedling according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (5), and fertilization mode is, waits to transplant in soil to apply high-quality fertilizer more than 2000 kilograms at every mu, applies Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 80 kilograms as base manure simultaneously.
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| CN201510484640.9A CN105075599A (en) | 2015-08-10 | 2015-08-10 | Method for breeding strawberry seedlings |
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| CN201510484640.9A CN105075599A (en) | 2015-08-10 | 2015-08-10 | Method for breeding strawberry seedlings |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105557258A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-05-11 | 贵州平坝宝地农业科技产业有限公司 | Efficient strawberry propagation method |
| CN106069089A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-09 | 合肥槟阳农业科技有限公司 | A kind of monolateral single file field planting strawberry seedling propagation method |
| CN107360846A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2017-11-21 | 杭州贵妃家庭农场有限公司 | A kind of method that stolon discarded using cultivated strawberry cultivates numerous seedling maternal plant |
| CN108770515A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-11-09 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of method and its application of collecting seedling of strawberry cuttage and seedling culture |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105557258A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-05-11 | 贵州平坝宝地农业科技产业有限公司 | Efficient strawberry propagation method |
| CN106069089A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-09 | 合肥槟阳农业科技有限公司 | A kind of monolateral single file field planting strawberry seedling propagation method |
| CN107360846A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2017-11-21 | 杭州贵妃家庭农场有限公司 | A kind of method that stolon discarded using cultivated strawberry cultivates numerous seedling maternal plant |
| CN108770515A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-11-09 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of method and its application of collecting seedling of strawberry cuttage and seedling culture |
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