CN105052669B - Interplant the implantation methods of strawberry in vineyard - Google Patents
Interplant the implantation methods of strawberry in vineyard Download PDFInfo
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- CN105052669B CN105052669B CN201510485375.6A CN201510485375A CN105052669B CN 105052669 B CN105052669 B CN 105052669B CN 201510485375 A CN201510485375 A CN 201510485375A CN 105052669 B CN105052669 B CN 105052669B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses the implantation methods that strawberry is interplanted in vineyard, the process of strawberry is topdressed and harvested including addressing, planning vineyard, site preparation, Strawberry Seedlings field planting, field management, flower thinning, make full use of land resource, grape can be produced, strawberry can be produced again, be particularly suitable for the development in city suburbs exploitation agricultural tour base.The present invention is during plantation strawberry cultivating, using fermentation maturity fertilizer, the fertilizer technologies such as ecological Liquid Fertilizer and azophoska, it is effectively improved the soil property environment of grape growth, increase soil with organic matter content, also ensure the nutrition needed for strawberry growth, and the Strawberry Seedlings planted are the detoxic seedling by culture, eliminate the virus in Strawberry Plant, the disease-resistant high temperature resistance cold tolerance enhancing of plant, and root system unfolds prosperity, plant is strong, resistance against diseases is strong, transplanting survival rate is up to more than 90%, the yield of strawberry produced is high, it is delicious red tender, pulp succulence, fruiting period is long, be conducive to listing in batches, it is good in economic efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The implantation methods of strawberry are interplanted the invention belongs to agriculture fruit field of planting, more particularly in a kind of vineyard.
Background technology
Strawberry,【Classification system】Fragaria ananassaDuch,【English name】Strawberry；It is a kind of red
Flowers and fruits, also known as pineapple strawberry, the red certain kind of berries, the foreign certain kind of berries, the certain kind of berries etc., be the rose family, Fragaria perennial herb.Strawberry outward appearance is in heart,
Delicious red tender, pulp succulence, contains special strong fruit aroma.It is strawberry stain afraid of water, not drought-enduring, fruit have moistening lung and production of body fluid,
The effects such as strengthening the spleen and stomach, inducing diuresis to remove edema.Strawberry originates in South America, Europe, is distributed all over the world.
Strawberry rich in amino acid, fructose, sucrose, glucose, citric acid, malic acid, pectin, carrotene, vitamin B1,
B2, nicotinic acid and mineral calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, iron etc., these nutrients have good facilitation to growing, to old man,
Children are of great advantage.Foreign scholar's research finds that the active ingredient in strawberry can suppress the growth of cancerous swelling.Contain per hectogram strawberry
50-100 milligrams of vitamin C is higher more than 10 times than apple, grape.Scientific research is it has been demonstrated that vitamin C can eliminate iuntercellular
Relaxation and tense situation, make brain cell firm in structure, skin exquisiteness is flexible, brain and intelligence development had a major impact.Meal
After eat of strawberry, decomposable asymmetric choice net food fat, favourable digestion.
Strawberry also has important dietary significance, such as：1st, strawberry has opsonic action to intestines and stomach and anaemia：Modern medicine is ground
Study carefully and think, strawberry has certain nourishing opsonic action to intestines and stomach and anaemia.Strawberry is in addition to it can prevent scurvy, to anti-
Controlling artery sclerosis, coronary heart disease also has preferable effect.Vitamin and pectin in strawberry is to improving constipation and treatment hemorrhoid, high blood
Pressure, hyperlipidemia have certain effect.Contain a kind of amine substance in strawberry, to blood such as leukaemia, alpastic anemia
Disease also has auxiliary therapeutic action.Strawberry is the abundant plant of tanin content, adsorbable in vivo and prevention carcinogenic chemical
Absorb.2nd, fresh strawberry helps to sober up：It is dizzy after drinking not in good time, 100 grams of fresh strawberry can be once eaten, is once taken after cleaning,
Help to sober up.The malnutritive or weak person of becoming thin after being ill, can squeeze the juice clean strawberry, add equivalent rice wine and mix thoroughly
Strawberry wine, it is sooner or later each to drink 1 glass.3rd, tooth-whitening：Because the malic acid contained in strawberry is as a kind of astringent, mixed with yeast powder
Oxidation is produced during conjunction, coffee, red wine and the laughable spot left in dental surface can be removed.4th, heart is contributed to be good for
Health：（1）According to Britain《Daily Mail》One recent studies on of Britain is published to this parsing road, red, blue, the purple berry such as blueberry, strawberry
There is the effect for preventing being damaged with repair cell with antioxidant anthocyanidin contained in vegetables.（2）East Anglia of Britain
The recent studies on of researcher is further illustrated to this.The research has carried out the follow-up investigation up to 18 years to 9.3 ten thousand people.Ginseng
Examination person is divided into 5 groups, and the age is 25~42 years old, their every diet situation of 4 annual report and influences other feelings of health of heart
Condition.Such as whether have hypertension, heart disease family's medical history, whether body weight exceeded or obesity, if has exercise habits, if smoking,
Drink.（3）As a result find, at least 3 parts of blueberry or strawberry is eaten weekly（A about half cup）People than other person's of participating in the experiment heart diseases
The incidence of disease is lower.Lead study author likes that doctor Ding Kaxidi represents, the natural antioxidant in red, blue, purple fruit and vegetable
Young man and a middle-aged person's cardiac risk can be made to reduce by 32%.Research is thought, at an early age to eat the water fruits and vegetables rich in anthocyanidin more,
It is more conducive to reduce the danger suffered from a heart complaint in the future.Anthocyanidin has been favorably improved cholesterol（HDL-C）Water
It is flat, while the internal inflammation relevant with heart disease can also be reduced.Except blueberry and strawberry, the food rich in anthocyanidin also has purple
Eggplant, plum and cherry etc..
Grape,【Classification system】Vitis vinifera ；【Alias】The imperial pearl of grape, Portugal, grass, mountain cucurbit, Li Tao, U.S.
State is black to be carried；Defoliation liana, brown branches and tendrils are elongated.Subcircular list leaf alternate, nearly full edge to 3~7 is split, and leaf margin has sawtooth.Leaf
Armpit raw compound bud.Tendril or inflorescence are with leaf to life.Hermaphrodite flower, female energy flower（Stamen is shorter, and pollen is infertile）And male flower；It is wild
Plant is often dioecism.5 petals, top adhesion is separated with holder from base portion when blooming and come off in hat shape.Berry is generally circular
Or it is oval, there are dark green, atropurpureus, aubergine etc., have fruit powder.【Meridian distribution of property and flavor】Grape is mild-natured, sweet acid, enters lung, spleen, kidney
Through；【Function is cured mainly】Cure mainly the symptoms such as deficient qi and blood, cough due to deficiency of the lung, palpitation and night sweat, arthralgia pain due to rheumatism, stranguria, edema, it can also be used to
The illnesss such as deficiency of the spleen causing weakness of QI, shortness of breath and fatigue, oedema, difficult urination.Grape is that people like and often edible fruit, nutritive value
It is very high, there is the title of " god of fruit ", and grape juice is more described as " vegetable milk " by scientist.Research shows, every 100 grams of fresh Portugals
Containing 0.2 gram of protein in grape, 4 milligrams of calcium, 15 milligrams of phosphorus, 0.6 milligram of iron, 0.04 milligram of carrotene, 0.04 milligram of thiamine,
0.01 milligram of riboflavin, 0.1 milligram of niacin, 4 milligrams of vitamin C, 0.4 milligram of vitamin A, 252 milligrams of potassium, 2.0 milligrams of sodium,
6.6 milligrams of magnesium, 2.2 milligrams of chlorine；Meanwhile, grape also contains glucose, fructose, sucrose, xylose and tartaric acid, oxalic acid, lemon
The multiple nutritional components such as acid, malic acid.
Grape has extensive plantation in China, and few other crops of interplanting in country vineyard, cause soil profit at present
It is low with rate.Current vineyard mostly uses plastic house technology, is especially suitable for the plantation of strawberry, can not only improve the production of strawberry
Amount, and pest and disease damage can be reduced, while improving per mu yield economic benefit.
Plantation on interplanting strawberry in vineyard, also has document to describe the implantation methods of some this respects, such as：
Chinese patent, application number： 201410205882.5；Applicant：Zhou Pingping；Denomination of invention：A kind of vineyard inner sleeve
The method for planting strawberry；Summary：The present invention relates to a kind of method that strawberry is interplanted in vineyard, belong to agricultural plantation technology field.
Realized by steps such as seed selection, site preparation, sowing, rich water, management and strawberry is planted in vineyard.The inventive method fully utilizes Portugal
Both grape and strawberry root system depths with inhale the characteristics of fertile level is different, progress is avoided the peak hour production, neither influence grape and the product of strawberry
Matter, is also effectively improved unit per mu yield benefit, the economic benefit at effective increase wine-growing family.
Chinese patent:Application number：201210538201.8；Applicant：Wu Yinzeng；Denomination of invention：A kind of grape solid interplanting grass
The cultural method of the certain kind of berries；Summary：The present invention is a kind of cultural method of grape solid interplanting strawberry, grape harvesting latter stage solid interplanting
Strawberry, described cultural method specific steps include：1）Wine-growing density；2）Interplanting strawberries；3）Cover unregistered land film；4）Rich water
Management；5）Strawberry harvests.The present invention uses above technological means, by the interplanting strawberry three-dimensional in the ranks in grape, due to strawberry
Plucking time is more early than grape, does not influence mutually, can largely save soil, make full use of luminous energy；The cultivation phase of strawberry is short compared with grape
And it is ripe early, harvest can be substantially completed before grape is bloomed, can stagger water, the link such as fertilizer；Strawberry shade tolerance is strong, and
Grape regular can be trimmed during planting, therefore solid growth strawberry does not interfere with the logical of its needs in vineyard
Wind, printing opacity；Strawberry is herbaceos perennial, is afraid of high-temperature exposure, and the effect in the more summer of sheltering from heat or light can be reached in grape row interplant,
Its yield and quality can also be improved.
Interplanting refers in the later stage of former plant growth, recurrence it is reserved in the ranks or one kind with other crops of intercrop
Planting patterns.China applies relatively more early in vegetable growing, and generally.It had been widely used in recent years on field crop,
Especially Henan, Shandong, Hebei etc. save the area of the interplanting such as wheat and cotton, wheat and corn, wheat and peanut and account for 70-80%
More than.This pattern improves the utilization rate in soil, so as to also increase the income of peasant.Based on above-mentioned interplanting form, this hair
A person of good sense also attempts to interplant strawberry in vineyard, by research, and achieves success.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the implantation methods that strawberry is interplanted in vineyard, grape can be produced to reach, and can give birth to
Strawberry is produced, land resource is made full use of, Development of Urban suburb exploitation agricultural tour base, final economic benefit and the society of increasing imitates
The purpose of benefit.
To achieve the above object, the implantation methods of interplanting strawberry in vineyard of the present invention comprise the following steps：
(1) addressing：Selection has a good transport service, physical features opens that the flat, draining of expansion is good, have good water source, thicker soil, soil property
Fertile loose, water penetration and the good place of moisture holding capacity are used as plantation grape base；
（2）Plan vineyard：Plant area is rectangle, and long side is with going to consistent；Using hedge frame, frame a height of 1.8~2.0
Rice；Irrigation and drainage channels are set in both sides of the road, total feed ditch, branch canal and the elevation of irrigation ditch are designed than drop by 5/1000ths, i.e., it is total to fill
Canal is higher than branch canal, and branch canal is higher than irrigation ditch, allows the water to the gravity irrigation in channel；
（3）Site preparation:July has been harvested after grape, in two row wine-growing caves in the ranks, is digged and is made ridge, ridge bottom width 70-
80cm, the high 20-25cm in ridge, the cm of ridge face 60, the wide 30cm of furrow, ridge bottom adds furrow width 100-120 cm or so, and ridge face to bottom of trench is inclined
Gradient is 30-40 °；Apply the kg of fermentation maturity fertilizer 1000, the kg of plant ash 500, NpK complex fertilizer 20kg, urine for every mu simultaneously
Element 5 kg, the kg of the calcium superphosphate 25 and kg of potash fertilizer 7；
（4）Strawberry Seedlings are colonized：After ridge culture is good, it is colonized at ridge side inside 5 centimeters, according to 12-15 centimetres of spacing in the rows, ridge length 30
Rice, 4000 plants/specification digs cave field planting in late September to early October, is 30cm × 30cm × 30cm per cave length and width depth；It will cultivate
Good strawberry detoxic seedling is handled 30 minutes in root water with roots and soil, is colonized after drying naturally；During field planting, hunchbacked court
Outside, duplicate rows triangle is colonized, balled transplanting, and fine day is planted afternoon, and cloudy whole day is planted；
（5）Strawberry field management：Late October, thick ridging is carried out once to strawberry with reference to weeding with a hoe, to promote seedling
Take root more and prevent that Lao Miao roots are exposed, and extract old leaf, sick leaf；When mercury dropped is less than 15 DEG C or late to maximum temperature on daytime
When upper temperature is less than 8 DEG C, cladding thickness is 0.08 centimeter polyvinyl chloride film；Second Year, as temperature gos up, raises greenhouse at the beginning of 2 months
Both sides film, to reduce temperature of shed, improves ventilation and penetrating light degree, it is desirable to daytime temperature of shed within 30 DEG C, Post flowering is white
It temperature is at 20~25 DEG C, and be not less than 5 DEG C in the evening；
（6）Flower thinning topdresses：By the flower on 3rd level on inflorescence and the 4th grade of branch stalk when bud starts to separate each other before flowering
Flower bud is dredged and gone；Before spreading, every mu imposes nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 8kg, N P and K weight ratio respectively 15: 10 outside strawberry root:
15 ；First fruit expanding period is with harvesting Nitrogen Top Dressing outside initial stage, strawberry root, and every mu is applied 5kg nitrogenous fertilizer, and the ecological liquid of drip irrigation
Fertilizer, every 15~20 days drip irrigations once, continuous drip irrigation 2-3 times；
（7）Harvest strawberry：In early March of Second Year or so harvesting.
Step（3）The preparation method of described fermentation maturity fertilizer is：（1）Get out required raw material：Rice bran, rape cake,
Dregs of beans, blackstrap and dusty yeast.Press rice bran 14.5%, rape cake 14.0%, dregs of beans 13.0%, blackstrap 8.0%, water 50.O% and ferment
Blackstrap, is first added in water by the part by weight formula of female powder 0.5%, after stirring and dissolving, adds rice bran, rape cake and dregs of beans, warp
After being thoroughly mixed stack, more than 60 degrees Celsius at a temperature of fermentation 30-50 days.Then the weight of black stump chalk and fermentate is pressed
Amount ratio 1：1 carries out blending dilution, and carefully stirring obtains fermentation and accelerate the ripening powder.（2）First excrement is air-dried to moisture content 30%
~40%.By excrement and chopping rice grass by weight proportion 100：1 kilogram is added in 10 mixing, every double centner mixed fertilizer to accelerate the ripening
Then powder, abundant uniform mixing is piled into high 1.5~2.0 meters of fertile heap in compost house, carries out fermentation maturity.In the fermentation phase
Between, according to the temperature change of compost, it is possible to determine that the fermentation maturity degree of compost.When 15 degree of temperature, the 3rd day, heap after accumulation
The temperature of 30 centimeters below fertile surface is up to 70 degrees Celsius, and accumulation can carry out turning over mixed for the first time after 10 days.When turning over mixed, compost table
The temperature of 30 centimeters below face is up to 80 degrees Celsius, almost odorless.Accumulation can be turned over mixed for the second time after 20 days.When turning over mixed,
The temperature of 30 centimeters below compost surface is 60 degrees Celsius.After after 10 days, when turning over mixed for the third time, 30 lis below compost surface
The temperature at rice place is 40 degrees Celsius, turn over it is mixed after temperature be 30 degrees Celsius, moisture is up to 30% or so.No longer turn over mixed afterwards, etc.
Treat after-ripening.After-ripening is typically needed 3~5 days, most 10 days.After-ripening is completed, and fermentation maturity fertilizer is to be made.This high temperature nuclear reactor
Corruption, can kill worm's ovum and weed seed in excrement etc., Escherichia coli can also be greatly reduced, and reach the innoxious place of organic fertilizer
The purpose of reason.
Step（3）Described NpK complex fertilizer, wherein N：P：K part by weight is 1:1:1, P with P2O5Meter, K with
K2O is counted.
Step（4）The preparation process of described strawberry detoxic seedling is：After the strawberry bud cut is cleaned under 100 DEG C of constant temperature
5min is heat-treated, fractionated viral is killed, then aseptically to treated material, dissects, cuts under anatomical lens
The 0.2 millimeter of growing point in separate living tissue tip, is inoculated into containing 2 under sterile conditions, on 4-D, NAA, 6-BA MS culture mediums, training
The mass concentration for supporting base mother liquor is 0.1 mg/mL, the light culture at 25 DEG C.Optical culture is transferred to after callus is grown, in life
Culture of rootage is after 20 days on root culture medium, acclimatization and transplantses when 2~5 centimetres of root length, is transplanted to breeding base and breeds 50~100
Times strawberry detoxic seedling.
Step（4）Described root water is 800 times of 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder.
Step（6）The part by weight of described ecological Liquid Fertilizer raw material is as follows：The people and animals of 40% methane liquid+40% urinate+10% peanut
The trace element of bran zymotic fluid+10%, wherein the part by weight of described trace element materials is as follows：The boric magnesium fertilizer of 2% magnesium chloride+2%+
The ferrous sulfate of+2% manganese sulfate of 2% zinc sulfate fertilizer+2%；During described nitrogenous fertilizer is sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate and calcium ammonium nitrate
It is any.
Compared with prior art, the positive effect of the present invention is：
1st, present invention selection has a good transport service, physical features opens that the flat, draining of expansion is good, have good water source, thicker soil, soil property
Fertile loose, water penetration and the good place of moisture holding capacity are used as plantation grape base, it is ensured that grape and strawberry all possess well
Growing environment, and the Strawberry Seedlings planted are the detoxic seedling by culture, and due to eliminating the virus in Strawberry Plant, plant resists
Disease, high temperature resistant and cold tolerance enhancing, there is no pest and disease damage, and root system unfolds prosperity, and plant is strong, resistance against diseases
By force, transplanting survival rate is up to more than 90%, and the yield of strawberry produced is high, and delicious red tender, pulp succulence, fruiting period is long, is conducive to
List in batches, it is good in economic efficiency.
2nd, the present invention uses above implantation methods, by the row interplant strawberry in grape, due to strawberry plucking time ratio
Grape is early, does not influence mutually, can largely save soil, make full use of luminous energy；Strawberry shade tolerance is strong, and grape meeting during planting
It is regular to be trimmed, therefore interplanting strawberry does not interfere with the ventilation of its needs, printing opacity in vineyard；Strawberry is perennial grass
This plant, is afraid of high-temperature exposure, can reach the effect in the more summer of sheltering from heat or light in grape row interplant, can also improve its yield and quality.
4th, conventional fertilizers（Such as chemical fertilizer, farm manure）Easily by rainwater leaching loss, easily Main Ingredients and Appearance is set to volatilize by illumination, easily quilt
Soil fixing, effective rate of utilization is only in 27-33% or so, and the strawberry of present invention drip irrigation ecology liquid during plantation
Fertilizer, spray just can rapidly be absorbed after two hours by plant, and time saving and energy saving, be a kind of efficient quick fertilizer.Nursery stock into
For a long time, the present invention is also imposed with azophoska in time to Strawberry Seedlings, it is ensured that the nutrient amount of nursery stock.
5th, implantation methods of the invention keep ridge face to bottom of trench to have certain gradient, improve grass during site preparation
The illumination condition of certain kind of berries fruit, and inventor has found have the yield of strawberry for tilting ridge face to improve 8% -30% compared with without inclination ridge face,
During plantation strawberry cultivating, using fertilizer technologies such as fermentation maturity fertilizer, ecological Liquid Fertilizer, azophoska and nitrogenous fertilizer, no
The soil property environment of grape growth is only effectively improved, increases soil with organic matter content, moreover it is possible to ensures the nutrition needed for strawberry growth.
Compost is rotten by high temperature nuclear reactor, worm's ovum and weed seed in excrement etc. can be killed, greatly reduce Escherichia coli, reach organic
The purpose of fertile harmless treatment, and the fermentation maturity fertilizer being thus made can provide energy and support for soil microbial activity
Material, promotes microbial activities, accelerates organic matter decomposition, and the active material of generation etc. can promote the growth of strawberry and improve strawberry
Quality.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The implantation methods of vineyard interplanting strawberry comprise the following steps：
(1) addressing：Selection has a good transport service, physical features opens that the flat, draining of expansion is good, have good water source, thicker soil, soil property
Fertile loose, water penetration and the good place of moisture holding capacity are used as plantation grape base；
（2）Plan vineyard：Plant area is rectangle, and long side is with going to consistent；Using hedge frame, frame a height of 1.8~2.0
Rice；Irrigation and drainage channels are set in both sides of the road, total feed ditch, branch canal and the elevation of irrigation ditch are designed than drop by 5/1000ths；
（3）Site preparation:July has been harvested after grape, in two row wine-growing caves in the ranks, is digged and is made ridge, ridge bottom width 70-
80cm, the high 20-25cm in ridge, the cm of ridge face 60, the wide 30cm of furrow, ridge bottom adds furrow width 100-120 cm or so, and ridge face to bottom of trench is inclined
Gradient is 30-40 °；Apply the kg of fermentation maturity fertilizer 1000, the kg of plant ash 500, NpK complex fertilizer 20kg, urine for every mu simultaneously
Element 5 kg, the kg of the calcium superphosphate 25 and kg of potash fertilizer 7；
（4）Strawberry Seedlings are colonized：After ridge culture is good, it is colonized at ridge side inside 5 centimeters, according to 12-15 centimetres of spacing in the rows, ridge length 30
Rice, 4000 plants/specification digs cave field planting in late September to early October, is 30cm × 30cm × 30cm per cave length and width depth；It will cultivate
Good strawberry detoxic seedling is handled 30 minutes in root water with roots and soil, is colonized after drying naturally；During field planting, hunchbacked court
Outside, duplicate rows triangle is colonized, balled transplanting, and fine day is planted afternoon, and cloudy whole day is planted；
（5）Strawberry field management：Late October, carry out once thick ridging to strawberry with reference to weeding with a hoe, and extract old leaf,
Sick leaf；When mercury dropped to maximum temperature on daytime is less than 15 DEG C or evening temperature is less than 8 DEG C, cladding thickness is 0.08 centimetre
Polychloroethylene film；Second Year, as temperature gos up, raises greenhouse both sides film at the beginning of 2 months, it is desirable to daytime temperature of shed 30 DEG C with
Interior, the temperature on Post flowering daytime is at 20~25 DEG C, and be not less than 5 DEG C in the evening；
（6）Flower thinning topdresses：By the flower on 3rd level on inflorescence and the 4th grade of branch stalk when bud starts to separate each other before flowering
Flower bud is dredged and gone；Before spreading, every mu imposes nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 8kg, N P and K weight ratio respectively 15: 10 outside strawberry root:
15 ；First fruit expanding period is with harvesting Nitrogen Top Dressing outside initial stage, strawberry root, and every mu is applied 5kg nitrogenous fertilizer, and the ecological liquid of drip irrigation
Fertilizer, every 15~20 days drip irrigations once, continuous drip irrigation 2-3 times；
（7）Harvest strawberry：In early March of Second Year or so harvesting.
Step（3）The preparation method of described fermentation maturity fertilizer is：（1）Get out required raw material：Rice bran, rape cake,
Dregs of beans, blackstrap and dusty yeast.Press rice bran 14.5%, rape cake 14.0%, dregs of beans 13.0%, blackstrap 8.0%, water 50.O% and ferment
Blackstrap, is first added in water by the part by weight formula of female powder 0.5%, after stirring and dissolving, adds rice bran, rape cake and dregs of beans, warp
After being thoroughly mixed stack, more than 60 degrees Celsius at a temperature of fermentation 30-50 days.Then the weight of black stump chalk and fermentate is pressed
Amount ratio 1：1 carries out blending dilution, and carefully stirring obtains fermentation and accelerate the ripening powder.（2）First excrement is air-dried to moisture content 30%
~40%.By excrement and chopping rice grass by weight proportion 100：1 kilogram is added in 10 mixing, every double centner mixed fertilizer to accelerate the ripening
Then powder, abundant uniform mixing is piled into high 1.5~2.0 meters of fertile heap in compost house, carries out fermentation maturity.In the fermentation phase
Between, according to the temperature change of compost, it is possible to determine that the fermentation maturity degree of compost.When 15 degree of temperature, the 3rd day, heap after accumulation
The temperature of 30 centimeters below fertile surface is up to 70 degrees Celsius, and accumulation can carry out turning over mixed for the first time after 10 days.When turning over mixed, compost table
The temperature of 30 centimeters below face is up to 80 degrees Celsius, almost odorless.Accumulation can be turned over mixed for the second time after 20 days.When turning over mixed,
The temperature of 30 centimeters below compost surface is 60 degrees Celsius.After after 10 days, when turning over mixed for the third time, 30 lis below compost surface
The temperature at rice place is 40 degrees Celsius, turn over it is mixed after temperature be 30 degrees Celsius, moisture is up to 30% or so.No longer turn over mixed afterwards, etc.
Treat after-ripening.After-ripening is typically needed 3~5 days, most 10 days.After-ripening is completed, and fermentation maturity fertilizer is to be made.
Step（3）Described NpK complex fertilizer, wherein N：P：K part by weight is 1:1:1, P with P2O5Meter, K with
K2O is counted.
Step（4）The preparation process of described strawberry detoxic seedling is：After the strawberry bud cut is cleaned under 100 DEG C of constant temperature
5min is heat-treated, fractionated viral is killed, then aseptically to treated material, dissects, cuts under anatomical lens
The 0.2 millimeter of growing point in separate living tissue tip, is inoculated into containing 2 under sterile conditions, on 4-D, NAA, 6-BA MS culture mediums, training
The mass concentration for supporting base mother liquor is 0.1 mg/mL, the light culture at 25 DEG C.Optical culture is transferred to after callus is grown, in life
Culture of rootage is after 20 days on root culture medium, acclimatization and transplantses when 2~5 centimetres of root length, is transplanted to breeding base and breeds 50~100
Times strawberry detoxic seedling.
Step（4）Described root water is 800 times of 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder.
Step（6）The part by weight of described ecological Liquid Fertilizer raw material is as follows：The people and animals of 40% methane liquid+40% urinate+10% peanut
The trace element of bran zymotic fluid+10%, wherein the part by weight of described trace element materials is as follows：The boric magnesium fertilizer of 2% magnesium chloride+2%+
The ferrous sulfate of+2% manganese sulfate of 2% zinc sulfate fertilizer+2%；During described nitrogenous fertilizer is sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate and calcium ammonium nitrate
It is any.
Annual strawberry per mu yield can reach 1000kg-1200kg, and economic benefit is at 7000-8000 yuan every mu or so.
Claims (1)
1. the implantation methods of strawberry are interplanted in vineyard, it is characterised in that：Step is as follows：
(1) addressing：Selection has a good transport service, physical features opens that the flat, draining of expansion is good, have good water source, thicker soil, soil property fertilizer
Fertile loose, water penetration and the good place of moisture holding capacity are used as plantation grape base；
（2）Plan vineyard：Plant area is rectangle, and long side is with going to consistent；Using hedge frame, a height of 1.8~2.0 meters of frame；
Irrigation and drainage channels are set in both sides of the road, total feed ditch, branch canal and the elevation of irrigation ditch are designed than drop by 5/1000ths；
（3）Site preparation:July has been harvested after grape, in two row wine-growing caves in the ranks, is digged and is made ridge, ridge bottom width 70-
80cm, the high 20-25cm in ridge, the cm of ridge face 60, the wide 30cm of furrow, ridge face to bottom of trench gradient are 30-40 °；Apply hair for every mu simultaneously
The kg of ferment composting fertilizer 1000, the kg of plant ash 500, NpK complex fertilizer 20kg, the kg of urea 5, the kg of calcium superphosphate 25 and potassium
7 kg of fertilizer；
（4）Strawberry Seedlings are colonized：After ridge culture is good, it is colonized at ridge side inside 5 centimeters, according to 12-15 centimetres of hill spacing, ridge length 30
Rice, 4000 plants/acre of specification digs cave field planting in the first tenday period of a month in the last ten-days period in September to October, is 30cm × 30cm × 30cm per cave length and width depth
；The strawberry detoxic seedling cultivated is handled 30 minutes in root water with roots and soil, is colonized after drying naturally；During field planting,
The back of a bow outwardly, planted afternoon, and cloudy whole day is planted by duplicate rows triangle field planting, balled transplanting, fine day；
（5）Strawberry field management：In the last ten-days period in October, thick ridging is carried out once to strawberry with reference to weeding with a hoe, and extract old leaf, disease
Leaf；When mercury dropped to maximum temperature on daytime is less than 15 DEG C or evening temperature is less than 8 DEG C, cladding thickness is 0.08 centimetre
Polychloroethylene film；Second Year, as temperature gos up, raises greenhouse both sides film at the beginning of 2 months, it is desirable to daytime temperature of shed 30 DEG C with
Interior, the temperature on Post flowering daytime is at 20~25 DEG C, and be not less than 5 DEG C in the evening；
（6）Flower thinning topdresses：By the bud on the 3rd grade on inflorescence and the 4th grade of branch stalk when bud starts to separate each other before flowering
Dredge and go；Before spreading, every mu imposes nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 8kg, N P and K weight ratio respectively 15: 10 outside strawberry root:
15；First fruit expanding period is with harvesting Nitrogen Top Dressing outside initial stage, strawberry root, and every mu is applied 5kg nitrogenous fertilizer, and the ecological liquid of drip irrigation
Fertilizer, every 15~20 days drip irrigations once, continuous drip irrigation 2-3 times；
（7）Harvest strawberry：In or so the first tenday period of a month in March of Second Year harvesting；
Step（3）Described NpK complex fertilizer, wherein N：P ：K part by weight is 1:1:1, P with P2O5Meter, K with
K2O is counted；
Step（4）The preparation process of described strawberry detoxic seedling is：After the strawberry bud cut is cleaned under 100 DEG C of constant temperature at heat
5min is managed, fractionated viral is killed, then aseptically to treated material, dissects, cuts mitogenetic under anatomical lens
The sophisticated 0.2 millimeter of growing point of tissue, is inoculated into containing 2 under sterile conditions, on 4-D, NAA and 6-BA MS culture mediums,
The mass concentration of culture medium mother liquor is 0.1 mg/mL, the light culture at 25 DEG C；Optical culture is transferred to after callus is grown,
Culture of rootage is after 20 days on root media, acclimatization and transplantses when 2~5 centimetres of root length, is transplanted to breeding base and breeds
Strawberry detoxic seedling；
Step（4）Described root water is 800 times of 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder；Step（6）Described ecological liquid
The part by weight of fertile raw material is as follows：The people and animals of 40% methane liquid+40% urinate the trace element of+10% peanut press pulp zymotic fluid+10%, wherein
The part by weight of described trace element materials is as follows：The manganese sulfate+2% of+2% zinc sulfate fertilizer of+2% boric magnesium fertilizer of 2% magnesium chloride+2%
Ferrous sulfate；Described nitrogenous fertilizer is any of sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate and calcium ammonium nitrate.
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| CN105340633A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-02-24 | 姚圣银 | Dragon fruit planting greenhouse |
| CN105409710B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2018-06-15 | 金华市农业科学研究院 | A kind of stereo plantation method of grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum |
| CN106358972A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2017-02-01 | 铜仁市万山区山地葡萄科技有限公司 | Cultivation method for interplanting strawberries in greenhouse vineyard |
| CN107306751A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-11-03 | 安庆市双益生态农业有限公司 | A kind of grape, strawberry, the ecosystem in vegetables mixed planting garden |
| CN107360832A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-11-21 | 宿州市埇桥区德丰种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of strawberry |
| CN107509595A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2017-12-26 | 桐梓县茅石乡龙会村蔬菜种植场 | A kind of implantation methods of vineyard interplanting strawberry |
| CN110115193A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-13 | 山东省葡萄研究院 | A kind of interplanting method limiting root grape and stand strawberry |
| CN114246099A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-03-29 | 怀化市大丰源生态农业开发股份有限公司 | Interplanting method for grapes and strawberries |
| CN112385467A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-23 | 长宁县十八子家庭农场 | Grape and strawberry interplanting method |
| CN113748939A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-07 | 合肥市孔勇家庭农场有限公司 | Strawberry planting method with high utilization rate |
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| CN102475030A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2012-05-30 | 廖开志 | Method for interplanting and solid culture of strawberries and grapes |
| CN103039248A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-04-17 | 霍邱县红土地蔬果种植专业合作社 | Novel greenhouse strawberry culturing and planting method |
| CN103355074B (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2015-09-23 | 北京农业职业学院 | Greenhouse by solar heat grape stereoscopic strawberry cultivation method |
| CN103477825B (en) * | 2013-09-02 | 2015-08-19 | 固镇县玉鹏蔬菜开发有限责任公司 | The interplanting method of a kind of strawberry of booth, watermelon, cherry and tomato and grape |
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