CN105052456A - Organic cultivation method of watermelons - Google Patents

Organic cultivation method of watermelons Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105052456A
CN105052456A CN201510449177.4A CN201510449177A CN105052456A CN 105052456 A CN105052456 A CN 105052456A CN 201510449177 A CN201510449177 A CN 201510449177A CN 105052456 A CN105052456 A CN 105052456A
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watermelon
grafting
watermelons
fertilizer
cultivation method
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CN201510449177.4A
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Inventor
祁林
田永林
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Linfen Guangqi Agricultural Development Co Ltd
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Linfen Guangqi Agricultural Development Co Ltd
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Publication of CN105052456A publication Critical patent/CN105052456A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00Fertilisers containing potassium

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic cultivation method of watermelons, and belongs to the field of watermelon cultivation technology. The objectives of the invention are to firstly provide an organic cultivation method of watermelons and secondly solve the problem that pedicels of watermelons are unstable. The cultivation method comprises steps of seedling breeding, grafting, soil preparation, sufficient spreading of base fertilizer, field planting, root irrigation, vine hanging, artificial pollination, primary top dressing, secondary top dressing, disease control and sweetener spraying. In this method, organic fertilizer is mainly used while less inorganic fertilizer is used, and low-toxicity drugs are used. According to the invention, the combination of the pedicel and the watermelon is firm enough to bear the whole watermelon, so just by fastening the pedicel with a rope, the watermelon can be hung. Thus, on one hand, a risk that thin-skinned watermelons burst is avoided and on the other hand, procedures for hanging watermelons are simplified, and cost investment for hanging the watermelons is reduced.

Description

A kind of green organic watermelons cultivation method
Technical field
A kind of green organic watermelons cultivation method of the present invention, belongs to technical field of watermelon cultivation.
Background technology
Watermelon can be rated as " king in midsummer ", clearly quench one's thirst, taste sugariness succulence, it is good fruit in midsummer, watermelon is except not fatty and cholesterol, containing materials such as a large amount of glucose, malic acid, fructose, Argine Monohydrochloride, tomatin and abundant vitamin Cs, be a kind of rich very high nutrition, pure, edible safety food.Flesh meat sugar content is generally 5 ~ 12%, comprises glucose, fructose and sucrose.Sugariness increases with the increase of ripe later stage sucrose.The salt of sugar, protein and trace contained in watermelon, can reduce blood fat softening blood vessel, to treatment cardiovascular disease, as also effective in cure in hypertension etc.Watermelon peel and the water melon frost made by seed hulls, can treat aphtha, aphthae in children, noma, and acute laryngopharyngitis treats larynx disease.Watermelon pericarp, pulp, seed all edibles, medicinal.
Existing variety of watermelon is various, and cultivation method is each tool advantage also.Current greenhouse cultivation watermelon is substantially all adopt the method for hanging climing cultivation, effectively can improve the seed output and quality of watermelon.Hang climing cultivation to need, by watermelon string bag pocket, to prevent melon from heavily pulling apart climing rattan and dropping.But the watermelon that, sugariness thin for cover is high, is easy to cause explosion by string bag method, affects output.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, and technical problem to be solved is: one, provide a kind of green organic watermelons cultivation method; Two, the unstable problem of muskmelon pedicel is solved.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of green organic watermelons cultivation method, comprises the steps:
1) nursery, is bred as watermelon seedling as scion using watermelon seed vernalization.
2) grafting, using white seed pumpkin as stock, carries out grafting to watermelon seedling, manages the grafting after grafting, ensures that healing is good.
3) wholely, the stalk pulverize 1000kg farmyard manure, 1000kg and 40kg hydrogen ammonification calcium apply in booth, water to water content 30-40% with rotovator after beating, and within 13-16 days, carry out high-temperature sterilization process, obtain aseptic base fertilizer with plastic film covering sealing; Because the bacterial classification also had in farmyard manure and stalk is more, there is beneficial bacterium also to have harmful bacteria, in order to avoid harmful bacteria is to the infringement of melon seedling, melon vine and melon and fruit, need to carry out sterilization treatment.There is certain effect of becoming thoroughly decomposed to farmyard manure and stalk simultaneously, build up fertility;
Open film afterwards, after essence that 20-30kg potash fertilizer, 45-55kg superphosphate and 100-130g are loosened the soil mixing, evenly apply in booth, after then beating with rotovator, by row spacing 60-80cm ridging.
4) field planting, transplanted by the grafting healed, the grafting spacing in the rows on ridge is 30cm.
5) fill with root, combine with bactericide, insecticide, root-growing agent, plant growth regulator and filling root is carried out to grafting; The preferred bright shield essence first fludioxonil of described bactericide; The preferred Acker of insecticide is safe, and the prosperous root-growing agent of the preferred root of root-growing agent, the preferred pole of plant growth regulator can be apt to.
6) hang climing, carry out leading climing pinching when grafting grows to 5 leaf, retain healthy and strong two and climingly carry out hanging and the cake fertilizer 45-60g that spreads manuer in holes.
7) artificial pollination, Post flowering is manually plucked male flower and is pollinated to female flower.
8) once topdress, when watermelon grows to diameter about 5 ± 1cm, often select good strains in the field for seed and select a best watermelon of growing way, topdress after extracing other watermelon.
9) secondary topdresses, and after once topdressing one week, carry out secondary and topdress, secondary topdresses twice totally, is spaced apart 10 days for twice;
Step 8) and 9) fertilizer used that topdresses be high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer 10kg, EM bacterium liquid 2kg, fulvic acid potassium 2kg mixing fertile; Be dissolved in conjunction with watering in water and carry out punching and execute.
10) disease control, before watermelon results, spraying agent carries out disease control 2-3 time, every minor tick 7 days; The medicament sprayed is chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and Yekuzuo.
11) spray water melon sweet-increasing agent, before watermelon results, spray water melon sweet-increasing agent 2-3 time, every minor tick 5 days.
The consumption of the raw material related in above steps, except individual plant fertilising, is the consumption on every half mu of ground.
In above-mentioned steps for limit field management as watered, weeding, melon vine arrangement etc., be the ordinary skill in the art.
Preferably, step 2) grafting employing grafting.
Preferably, the farmyard manure that step 3) adopts is chicken manure or cow dung or the mixing of the two.
Preferably, the dressing fertilizer of step 6) is adopted and is prepared with the following method: cake fertilizer in mass ratio: EM bacterium liquid: brown sugar: water=300: 1: 40: 50 mixed culture fermentation 15 days obtains.
The water melon sweet-increasing agent of step 11) can adopt commercially available melon sweetener, also can adopt homemade sweetener.Preferred employing self-control sweetener, is specially sugar, boron fertilizer, amino acid calcium and potassium dihydrogen phosphate and mixes at 1: 1: 1: 1 in mass ratio.
Preferably, watermelon grows to diameter 7-10cm, ties down muskmelon pedicel and is suspended in midair by watermelon, instead of adopt the string bag with rope.
Compared with prior art the present invention has following beneficial effect.
1, the fertilizer used in the present invention is based on fertilizer, and inorganic fertilizer is little, and medicine used all adopts low-toxic agent, and whole watermelon cultivating process carries out in strict accordance with the relevant criterion of national green food and organic food.Produce watermelon safety nuisance free.
2, the watermelon that cultivation method of the present invention is cultivated has the advantages that output is large, sugariness is high; Sugar content can reach 12-14%, is 2 times of common watermelon.
3, commonsense method cultivated watermelons, muskmelon pedicel is not enough to the weight carrying whole watermelon, therefore needs to adopt the string bag to hang melon; Cultivation method of the present invention, the firmness that muskmelon pedicel is combined with watermelon is enough to the weight carrying whole watermelon, therefore only needs to tie down muskmelon pedicel with rope and hangs melon; Effectively avoid the risk of the watermelon explosion of thin skin kind on the one hand, also simplified the program of hanging melon on the other hand, saved the cost investment hanging melon.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of green organic watermelons cultivation method, comprises the steps:
1) nursery, is bred as watermelon seedling as scion using watermelon seed vernalization;
2) grafting, using white seed pumpkin as stock, selects the method for plant propagation with cutting to carry out grafting to watermelon seedling, manages the grafting after grafting, ensures that healing is good;
3) wholely, the stalk pulverize 1000kg cow dung, 1000kg and 40kg hydrogen ammonification calcium apply in booth, water to water content 30%, seal 15 days with plastic film covering with rotovator after beating;
Open film afterwards, after essence that 25kg potash fertilizer, 45kg superphosphate and 100g are loosened the soil mixing, evenly apply in booth, after then beating with rotovator, by row spacing 60-80cm ridging;
4) field planting, transplanted by the grafting healed, the grafting spacing in the rows on ridge is 30cm;
5) fill with root, with bactericide, insecticide, root-growing agent, plant growth regulator are combined and are carried out filling root to grafting; The preferred bright shield essence first fludioxonil of described bactericide; The preferred Acker of insecticide is safe, the prosperous root-growing agent of the preferred root of root-growing agent, and the preferred pole of plant growth regulator can be apt to;
6) hang climing, carry out leading climing pinching when grafting grows to 5 leaf, retain healthy and strong two and climingly carry out hanging the climing and cake fertilizer 45-60g that spreads manuer in holes.
7) artificial pollination, Post flowering is manually plucked male flower and is pollinated to female flower;
8) once topdress, when watermelon grows to diameter about 5cm, the watermelon string bag selecting growing way best of often selecting good strains in the field for seed hangs melon, extracts other watermelons; Topdress afterwards.
9) secondary topdresses, and after once topdressing one week, carry out secondary and topdress, secondary topdresses twice totally, is spaced apart 10 days for twice;
Step 8) and 9) fertilizer used that topdresses be high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer 10kg, EM bacterium liquid 2kg, fulvic acid potassium 2kg mixing fertile; Be dissolved in conjunction with watering in water and carry out punching and execute;
10) disease control, before watermelon results, spraying agent carries out disease control 2 times, every minor tick 7 days; The medicament sprayed is chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and Yekuzuo;
11) spray water melon sweet-increasing agent, before watermelon results, spray water melon sweet-increasing agent 3 times, every minor tick 5 days;
The consumption of the raw material related in above steps is the consumption on every half mu of ground.
Embodiment 2
A kind of green organic watermelons cultivation method, comprises the steps:
1) nursery, is bred as watermelon seedling as scion using watermelon seed vernalization;
2) grafting, using white seed pumpkin as stock, carries out grafting to watermelon seedling, manages the grafting after grafting, ensures that healing is good;
3) wholely, the stalk pulverize 1000kg chicken manure, 1000kg and 40kg hydrogen ammonification calcium apply in booth, beat and water to water content 30-40%, seal 15 days with plastic film covering with rotovator;
Open film afterwards, after essence that 20kg potash fertilizer, 50kg superphosphate and 120g are loosened the soil mixing, evenly apply in booth, after then beating with rotovator, by row spacing 60-80cm ridging;
4) field planting, transplanted by the grafting healed, the grafting spacing in the rows on ridge is 30cm;
5) fill with root, combine with bactericide, insecticide, root-growing agent, plant growth regulator and filling root is carried out to grafting; The preferred bright shield essence first fludioxonil of described bactericide; The preferred Acker of insecticide is safe, the prosperous root-growing agent of the preferred root of root-growing agent, and the preferred pole of plant growth regulator can be apt to;
6) hang climing, grafting carries out leading climing pinching when growing to 5 leaf, retain healthy and strong two climing carry out hanging climing and the cake fertilizer 45-60g. that spreads manuer in holes spreads manuer in holes cake fertilizer adopt and prepare with the following method: cake fertilizer in mass ratio: EM bacterium liquid: brown sugar: water=300: 1: 40: 50 mixed culture fermentation 15 days obtains;
7) artificial pollination, Post flowering is manually plucked male flower and is pollinated to female flower;
8) once topdress, when watermelon grows to diameter about 5cm, often select good strains in the field for seed and select a best watermelon of growing way, and with rope muskmelon pedicel tied down watermelon is lifted, topdress after extracing other watermelon simultaneously;
9) secondary topdresses, and after once topdressing one week, carry out secondary and topdress, secondary topdresses twice totally, is spaced apart 10 days for twice;
Step 8) and 9) fertilizer used that topdresses be high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer 10kg, EM bacterium liquid 2kg, fulvic acid potassium 2kg mixing fertile; Be dissolved in conjunction with watering in water and carry out watering executing;
10) disease control, before watermelon results, spraying agent carries out disease control 2 times, every minor tick 7 days; The medicament sprayed is chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and Yekuzuo;
11) spray water melon sweet-increasing agent, before watermelon results, spray water melon sweet-increasing agent 2 times, every minor tick 5 days; Sweetener mixes in mass ratio for sugar, boron fertilizer, amino acid calcium and potassium dihydrogen phosphate at 1: 1: 1: 1;
The consumption of the raw material related in above steps is the consumption on every half mu of ground.
Embodiment 3
A kind of green organic watermelons cultivation method, comprises the steps:
1) nursery, is bred as watermelon seedling as scion using watermelon seed vernalization;
2) grafting, using white seed pumpkin as stock, carries out grafting to watermelon seedling, manages the grafting after grafting, ensures that healing is good;
3) wholely, 1000kg chicken manure and the mixed farmyard manure of cow dung 2:1, the stalk of 1000kg pulverizing and 40kg hydrogen ammonification calcium are applied in booth, waters after beating with rotovator to water content 30-40%, seal 15 days with plastic film covering;
Open film afterwards, after essence that 30kg potash fertilizer, 55kg superphosphate and 130g are loosened the soil mixing, evenly apply in booth, after then beating with rotovator, by row spacing 60-80cm ridging;
4) field planting, transplanted by the grafting healed, the grafting spacing in the rows on ridge is 30cm;
5) fill with root, combine with bactericide, insecticide, root-growing agent, plant growth regulator and filling root is carried out to grafting; The preferred bright shield essence first fludioxonil of described bactericide; The preferred Acker of insecticide is safe, the prosperous root-growing agent of the preferred root of root-growing agent, and the preferred pole of plant growth regulator can be apt to;
6) hang climing, carry out leading climing pinching when grafting grows to 5 leaf, retain healthy and strong two climing carry out hanging climing and cake fertilizer 45-60g. every strain watermelon root of spreading manuer in holes is spreaded manuer in holes 45-60g dressing fertilizer; Dressing fertilizer is adopted and is prepared with the following method: cake fertilizer in mass ratio: EM bacterium liquid: brown sugar: water=30: 1: 40: 50 mixed culture fermentation 15 days obtains;
7) artificial pollination, Post flowering is manually plucked male flower and is pollinated to female flower;
8) once topdress, when watermelon grows to diameter about 5cm, often select good strains in the field for seed and select a best watermelon of growing way, and with rope muskmelon pedicel tied down watermelon is lifted, extract other watermelons simultaneously; Topdress afterwards,
9) secondary topdresses, and after once topdressing one week, carry out secondary and topdress, secondary topdresses twice totally, is spaced apart 10 days for twice;
Step 8) and 9) fertilizer used that topdresses be high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer 10kg, EM bacterium liquid 2kg, fulvic acid potassium 2kg mixing fertile; Be dissolved in conjunction with watering in water and carry out watering executing;
10) disease control, before watermelon results, spraying agent carries out disease control 3 times, every minor tick 7 days; The medicament sprayed is chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and Yekuzuo;
11) spray water melon sweet-increasing agent, before watermelon results, spray water melon sweet-increasing agent 2 times, every minor tick 5 days; Sweetener mixes in mass ratio for sugar, boron fertilizer, amino acid calcium and potassium dihydrogen phosphate at 1: 1: 1: 1;
The consumption of the raw material related in above steps is the consumption on every half mu of ground.
The present invention can summarize with other the concrete form without prejudice to spirit of the present invention or principal character.Therefore, no matter from which point, above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention all can only be thought explanation of the present invention and can not limit invention, claims indicate scope of the present invention, and scope of the present invention is not pointed out in above-mentioned explanation, therefore, any change in the implication suitable with claims of the present invention and scope, all should think to be included in the scope of claims.

Claims (6)

1. a green organic watermelons cultivation method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) nursery, is bred as watermelon seedling as scion using watermelon seed vernalization;
2) grafting, using white seed pumpkin as stock, carries out grafting to watermelon seedling, manages the grafting after grafting, ensures that healing is good;
3) wholely, the stalk pulverize 1000kg farmyard manure, 1000kg and 40kg hydrogen ammonification calcium apply in booth, water to water content 30-40%, seal 15 days with plastic film covering with rotovator after beating;
Open film afterwards, after essence that 20-30kg potash fertilizer, 45-55kg superphosphate and 100-130g are loosened the soil mixing, evenly apply in booth, after then beating with rotovator, by row spacing 60-80cm ridging;
4) field planting, transplanted by the grafting healed, the grafting spacing in the rows on ridge is 30cm;
5) fill with root, combine with bactericide, insecticide, root-growing agent, plant growth regulator and filling root is carried out to grafting;
6) hang climing, carry out leading climing pinching when grafting grows to 5 leaf, retain healthy and strong two and climingly carry out hanging the climing and cake fertilizer 45-60g that spreads manuer in holes;
7) artificial pollination, Post flowering is manually plucked male flower and is pollinated to female flower;
8) once topdress, when watermelon grows to diameter 5 ± 1cm, often select good strains in the field for seed and select a best watermelon of growing way, extract other watermelons; Topdress afterwards;
9) secondary topdresses, and after once topdressing one week, carry out secondary and topdress, secondary topdresses twice totally, is spaced apart about 9-12 days for twice;
Step 8) and 9) fertilizer used that topdresses be high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer 10kg, EM bacterium liquid 2kg, fulvic acid potassium 2kg mixing fertile; Be dissolved in conjunction with watering in water and carry out punching and execute;
10) disease control, before watermelon results, spraying agent carries out disease control 2-3 time, every minor tick 7 days; The medicament sprayed is chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and Yekuzuo;
11) spray water melon sweet-increasing agent, before watermelon results, spray water melon sweet-increasing agent 2-3 time, every minor tick 5 days;
The consumption of the raw material related in above steps, except individual plant is spreaded manuer in holes, is the consumption on every half mu of ground.
2. the green organic watermelons cultivation method of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 2) grafting employing grafting.
3. the green organic watermelons cultivation method of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the farmyard manure that step 3) adopts is chicken manure or cow dung or the mixing of the two.
4. the green organic watermelons cultivation method of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the dressing fertilizer of step 6) is cake fertilizer in mass ratio: EM bacterium liquid: brown sugar: water=300: 1: 40: 50 mixed culture fermentation 15 days obtains.
5. the green organic watermelons cultivation method of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the water melon sweet-increasing agent of step 11) mixes in mass ratio for sugar, boron fertilizer, amino acid calcium and potassium dihydrogen phosphate at 1: 1: 1: 1.
6. the green organic watermelons cultivation method of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: watermelon grows to diameter 7-10cm, ties down muskmelon pedicel suspended in midair by watermelon with rope.
CN201510449177.4A 2015-07-28 2015-07-28 Organic cultivation method of watermelons Pending CN105052456A (en)

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105906426A (en) * 2016-04-21 2016-08-31 固镇县传红家庭农场 Fertilizer for planting watermelons
CN106348977A (en) * 2016-10-25 2017-01-25 秦伟 High-yield pollution-free fertilizer for watermelon planting
CN107318425A (en) * 2017-07-18 2017-11-07 广西桂平市蒙圩镇柱强种养专业合作社 A kind of implantation methods of organic watermelons
CN107439203A (en) * 2017-08-31 2017-12-08 广西田阳县创新农业综合开发有限公司 A kind of cultural method of watermelon

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105906426A (en) * 2016-04-21 2016-08-31 固镇县传红家庭农场 Fertilizer for planting watermelons
CN106348977A (en) * 2016-10-25 2017-01-25 秦伟 High-yield pollution-free fertilizer for watermelon planting
CN107318425A (en) * 2017-07-18 2017-11-07 广西桂平市蒙圩镇柱强种养专业合作社 A kind of implantation methods of organic watermelons
CN107439203A (en) * 2017-08-31 2017-12-08 广西田阳县创新农业综合开发有限公司 A kind of cultural method of watermelon

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Application publication date: 20151118