CN105048650B - Wireless energy transmission device for running charging of electric automobile - Google Patents
Wireless energy transmission device for running charging of electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN105048650B CN105048650B CN201510493468.3A CN201510493468A CN105048650B CN 105048650 B CN105048650 B CN 105048650B CN 201510493468 A CN201510493468 A CN 201510493468A CN 105048650 B CN105048650 B CN 105048650B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless energy transmission device for running charging of an electric automobile. The wireless energy transmission device consists of a vehicle-mounted energy receiving and converting device (1) arranged on the electric automobile, and a ground energy supplying and emitting device (2) arranged on a running charging lane. Electric energy is transmitted to the vehicle-mounted energy receiving and converting device (1) from the ground energy supplying and emitting device (2) in a way of sensing wireless energy transmission, and is stored in a power battery of the electric automobile on the running charging lane lastly. Through adoption of the running charging wireless energy transmission device, two-stage energy management based on road segments and zones is realized according to the running position of the electric automobile; charging during running of the electric automobile on the entire running lane is realized; and compatibility with parking charging can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wireless energy transform device for charging of driving a vehicle for electric automobile.
Background technology
Electric automobile is the inexorable trend of future development new forms of energy green traffic, therefore countries in the world are to electric automobile industry
Development all formulated the excitant policy of correlation, but electric automobile is not still widely popularized.Restrict electronic vapour
The principal element of car development is that charging is inconvenient and battery cost is too high.The plug-in charging modes of tradition are using heavy charging
Rifle, using extremely inconvenient, does not only exist the mechanical wear problem of aging of connector block, and also leaks under sleet bad weather
The potential safety hazard that electricity gets an electric shock.Wireless energy transmission technology is an emerging hot research direction of academia in recent years, is adopted
Wireless energy transmission technology carries out wireless charging and can be very good to solve above-mentioned charging problems to electric automobile, and can be very big
Raising charging convenience, user only need to by electric automobile stop it is good by automatic charging.On the other hand, if in electric automobile
Traveling lane on mat formation wireless energy transmission device, enter Mobile state to the electric automobile in traveling and charge, can greatly reduce full
The battery capacity for loading needed for electric automobile during same distance travelled enough, so as to reduce electric automobile cost.
For this purpose, a kind of patent of invention CN201410627463 " dynamic magnetic coupling for supporting electric automobile wireless mobile to charge
Resonance array technology " proposes a kind of dynamic magnetic coupled resonance array technique, and multilayer is respectively adopted in transmitting terminal and receiving terminal
Multiple transmitting coil arrays and the multiple receiving terminal resonance coil arrays of multilayer and capacitor array, realize that electric automobile wireless mobile fills
Electricity, the charging involved by the program receives blanket, mode of resonance wireless charging band, the chargeable tire of mode of resonance and resonant electromagnetic post,
Designing, manufacture, install all excessively complicated, Project Realization difficulty is higher, and the invention does not propose that feasible ground surface end is supplied
Electric scheme；Invention CN201410043240 " a kind of portable contactlessly powered system of employing sectional power supply " is for portable nothing
Contact is charged, it is proposed that more feasible ground surface end power supply management scheme, it is possible to achieve the odd even segmentation of primary coil winding is supplied
Electricity, but there is a problem of that ac bus lead is long or resonant converter number is excessive, and each primary coil winding
Two-way exchange switch and position detecting device must be equipped with, control is complicated, relatively costly.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is the shortcoming for overcoming prior art, proposes a kind of wireless energy driven a vehicle for electric automobile and charge
Amount transmitting device.The present invention can be realized by section and the high-effect buret of sectional two-stage according to energy requirement and road conditions
Reason, while meeting electric automobile and charging on traveling lane top traveling side, also compatible parking is charged, it is to avoid high frequency is high
The long lead of pressure ac bus, with good security and economy.
Wireless energy transform device of the present invention, is received and converting means by the vehicle-mounted energy on electric automobile, with
And the ground energy on driving charging track is constituted for giving emitter.Vehicle-mounted energy is received and converting means is received
Ground energy is for giving emitter by being wirelessly transferred the electric energy for sending.It is mounted with ground energy for giving the car of emitter
Road referred to as driving charging track, no matter electric automobile is in transport condition or parked state, electric energy on driving charging vehicle road
The mode that can be transferred through the transmission of induction wireless energy is transferred to vehicle-mounted energy reception and change from ground energy for giving emitter
Changing device, is finally stored in the electrokinetic cell of electric automobile.
Vehicle-mounted energy is received and converting means includes that vehicle-mounted receiving coil, receiving terminal resonant matching network and receiving terminal become
Parallel operation.Vehicle-mounted receiving coil is the direct part for participating in wireless energy transfer, its function in vehicle-mounted energy reception and converting means
It is to receive from ground energy for giving the high-frequency ac electric energy that emitter is wirelessly transferred, vehicle-mounted receiving coil is connected to and connects
The input of receiving end resonant matching network, the output end of receiving terminal resonant matching network connects the input of receiving terminal converter,
The output end of receiving terminal converter is connected to the input of the electrokinetic cell of electric automobile, vehicle-mounted after receiving terminal converter
The high-frequency ac electric energy of receiving coil output changes into DC supply input to the electrokinetic cell of electric automobile.
Ground energy is for giving emitter including section heavy-duty rectifier, section dc bus switch, section high frequency
Inverter, position detecting device, ground surface end resonant matching network and ground launch coil.Ground launch coil is that ground energy is supplied
Give in emitter and directly to participate in the part of wireless energy transmission, ground launch coil along driving charging lane center according to
Secondary arrangement, is laid on the road surface in whole driving charging track or is embedded under carriageway surfacing；Ground surface end resonant matching network with
Ground launch coil is corresponded, and each ground launch coil is connected to the output of each self-corresponding ground surface end resonant matching network
End.Single or continuous multiple transmitting coils are merged in groups according to actual geography, traffic information, per group is referred to as an area
Section, is provided with position detecting device between adjacent sections, each section is furnished with a section high-frequency inverter.Continuous multiple sections
Big section is merged into, each big section is referred to as a section, and each section is furnished with a section heavy-duty rectifier.Same section
The input of interior all ground surface end resonant matching networks is in parallel, is connected on the section high-frequency inverter of the section.Each area
Section section high-frequency inverter by respective section dc bus switch in parallel place section section heavy-duty rectifier
On.Section heavy-duty rectifier accesses power distribution network by city electric distribution system nearby.
The course of work of the present invention is as follows：
The traveling-position of position detecting device real-time detection current electric automobile of the present invention by installation between the sections,
The dc bus switch of closure electric automobile place section, simultaneously turns off the dc bus switch of other all sections, control electricity
Electrical automobile place section is powered and other sections are not powered.Electric main is transmitted through section, section two-stage, humorous via ground surface end
Shake matching network, finally by ground launch coil array transfer energy in the way of inductively vehicle-mounted energy receive and
The vehicle-mounted receiving coil of converting means, realizes that electric automobile charges on whole track top traveling side.
The section in the driving charging track and section difference corresponding road section level energy management and section level energy management.
Section level energy management is by section heavy-duty rectifier, section dc bus and section dc bus switch management DC form
Electric energy；The energy management of section level manages the electric energy of high-frequency ac form by driving high-frequency inverter.Section level energy management
It is subordinated to section level energy management.
Described section is divided into driving charging sections and parking charging sections.In driving charging sections, multiple structures are identical
Ground launch coil be arranged in order along track direction, formed transmitting coil array.The longitudinal length and car of ground launch coil
The longitudinal length of receiving coil is carried in the same order of magnitude, the longitudinal length of ground launch coil is vertical less than vehicle-mounted receiving coil
To 10 times of length, the longitudinal length of the ground launch coil in same section is identical.Each driving charging sections ground launch
The quantity of coil can be the same or different, and be approximately equal to the section track path length and the section ground launch loop length
Ratio.In parking charging sections the quantity of ground launch coil, longitudinal length with vehicle-mounted receiving coil quantity, longitudinal length
It is close, during ensureing that electric automobile is parked in parking charging sections, the aligning surface between vehicle-mounted receiving coil and ground launch coil
Product is maximum, it is ensured that higher parking charge power and efficiency.The longitudinal length of the coil, refers to the ground on automobile direct of travel
The length of surface launching coil or vehicle-mounted receiving coil.
The driving charging sections can be any in section according to traffic information and energy requirement with parking charging sections
Cross arrangement, wireless energy transform device of the present invention is also compatible with parking charging simultaneously.
Section dc bus switch is that to connect each section high-frequency inverter controllable with place section dc bus
Switch, for control the section power supply whether.Section dc bus switch can be mechanical switch, such as contactor, power-type
Relay, or the electronic power switch being made up of bidirectional power power electronic devices.
The position detecting device be arranged between section and section, i.e., installed in this section end head ground launch coil with
Between upper section end tail ground launch coil, and this section end tail ground launch coil and next section end head ground launch
Between coil.When detecting electric automobile and sailing a certain section into, section dc bus switch is closed, in the section allly
Face end transmitting coil starts power supply；When detecting electric automobile and rolling a certain section away from, section dc bus switch is disconnected, should
All ground surface end transmitting coils are stopped power supply in section.
Either ground surface end resonant matching network or receiving terminal resonant matching network are using T-shaped impedance matching topology.T
Type impedance matching topology is made up of left arm, three matching elements of right arm and underarm, and three arms are connected to one by a common point
Rise and formed after T-shaped topology, each surplus next one free end.During as ground surface end resonant matching network, left arm free end and underarm
Free end connects high-frequency inverter.Right arm free end is connected ground surface end transmitting coil with underarm free end.As receiving terminal resonance
During matching network, left arm free end is connected receiving terminal converter with underarm free end, and right arm free end is connected with underarm free end
Vehicle-mounted receiving coil.
The underarm of T-shaped impedance matching topology is made up of capacity cell or inductance element, and right arm is capacity cell or inductance unit
Part does not adopt any element, and left arm is independent capacity cell or independent inductance element or capacity cell and inductance element
Series connection.Three arm parameters of the T-shaped impedance matching topology of appropriate design so that when electric automobile is sailed in a certain section, receiving coil
Reflex to ground launch coil and reflex to unlapped other the ground launch coils of electric automobile that electric automobile covered
Impedance is different, and the ground launch coil working that electric automobile is covered is in rated current pattern, and electric automobile is unlappedly
Surface launching coil working, can be with maximum system efficiency, while also reducing electric automobile unlappedly in small current pattern
Electromagnetic radiation around surface launching coil.
Compared with existing technical scheme, the invention has the advantages that：
1. realize pressing section, sectional two-stage energy management according to energy requirement and road conditions；
2. each section is powered individually controllable, inverter used, dc switch, the negligible amounts of position detecting device, is
System cost and system complexity are relatively low；
3. modular coil design, installs simple, is easy to Project Realization；
4. compatible parking is charged；
5. high-frequency and high-voltage ac bus long lead is avoided, good security and economy is had concurrently.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 wireless energy transform device structure charts of the present invention；
Fig. 2 applies the wireless energy transform device of the present invention in bus platform to constitute and wiring diagram；
Fig. 3 is applied carries out the wireless of dynamic radio charging at the bus starting station or terminus to electric bus are out of the station
Energy transform device structure chart；
In figure, 1 vehicle-mounted energy is received and converting means, 10 vehicle-mounted receiving coils, 11 receiving terminal resonant matching networks, and 12 connect
Receiving end converter, 3 electric automobile during traveling tracks, 32 electric automobiles driving charged area, 2 ground energy supply to give emitter,
21-10～21-m0 ... 2m-10～2m-k0 ground launch coil arrays, 21-11～21-m1 ... 2m-11～2m-k1 ground surface ends are humorous
Shake matching network, 2-1-2～2- (m-1)-m position detecting devices, 21-2～2m-2 section high-frequency inverters, 21-3～2m-3 areas
Section dc bus switch, 21-4～2n-4 sections heavy-duty rectifier, 21-40～2n-40 sections dc bus；
Fig. 4 ground surface ends or the humorous T-shaped impedance matching network structure chart of receiving terminal.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Wireless energy transform device of the present invention is received and converting means by the vehicle-mounted energy on electric automobile, and
Ground energy on driving charging track is constituted for giving emitter.Ground energy is installed for giving emitter
Track referred to as drive a vehicle charging track, no matter electric automobile on driving charging vehicle road in transport condition or parked state,
Electric energy can be transferred through the mode of induction wireless energy transmission and be transferred to vehicle-mounted energy reception for giving emitter from ground energy
And converting means, finally it is stored in the electrokinetic cell of electric automobile.
As shown in figure 1, vehicle-mounted receiving coil 10, receiving terminal resonant matching network 11, and receiving terminal converter 12 are constituted
Vehicle-mounted energy is received and converting means 1.Vehicle-mounted receiving coil 10 is connected to the input of receiving terminal resonant matching network 11, connects
The input of the output end connection receiving terminal converter 12 of receiving end resonant matching network 11, the output end connection of receiving terminal converter
To the input of the electrokinetic cell of electric automobile, the high-frequency ac electric energy of the output of vehicle-mounted receiving coil 10 is through receiving terminal converter
Direct current is changed into after 12, the electrokinetic cell of electric automobile is input into.
Ground energy is for giving emitter 2 including section heavy-duty rectifier, section dc bus switch, section high frequency
Inverter, position detecting device, ground surface end resonant matching network and ground launch coil.Ground launch coil is along lane center
Line is arranged in order, and is laid on the road surface in whole driving charging track or is embedded under carriageway surfacing, ground surface end resonance pair net
Network is corresponded with ground launch coil, and each ground launch coil is connected to each self-corresponding ground surface end resonant matching network
Output end.Single or continuous multiple transmitting coils merge becomes a section, and position detecting device is provided between adjacent sections,
Each section is furnished with a section high-frequency inverter.Continuous multiple sections are merged into a section, and each section is furnished with Yi Tailu
Section heavy-duty rectifier.The input of all ground surface end resonant matching networks in same section is in parallel, is connected to same
On the high-frequency inverter of section.The high-frequency inverter of each section is by respective section dc bus switch in parallel on place road
On the section heavy-duty rectifier of section.Section heavy-duty rectifier accesses power distribution network by city electric distribution system nearby.
As shown in figure 1, driving charging track is divided into n section, each section has been respectively mounted section power rectifier
Device 21-4～2n-4,21-40～2n-40 are respectively the section dc bus in each section.This n section is subdivided into m area
Section, wherein the 1 to the i-th section belongs to the 1st section, jth section to m sections belongs to the n-th section, and i+1 section is to the area of jth -1
Section constitutes the (n-1)th section of the 2nd section.21-2～2m-2 is respectively the section high-frequency inverter of each section, 21-3～2m-3
Respectively the section dc bus of each section is switched, and 2-1-2～2- (m-1)-m is respectively the inspection of the position between each adjacent sections
Survey device.
Particularly, the 1st section, jth section be parking charging sections, the ground launch coil dimension phase of parking charging sections
To less, whole section only one of which ground launch coil；2nd section, m sections are driving charging sections, ground launch line
Circle is relatively large sized, and whole section has k ground launch coil；A total of 21-10～21-m0 ... 2m-10 of m section～
2m-k0 ground launch coils, it is humorous that 21-11～21-m1 ... 2m-11～2m-k1 is respectively the respective ground surface end of these transmitting coils
Shake matching network.
M, n, k are positive integer, n<=m, k represent the quantity of the ground launch coil in certain section；K is numerically about
Equal to the section total length divided by the business obtained by the section ground launch coil longitudinal length and arrangement pitches sum.Each section
K values it is not necessarily equal.
Fig. 2 show and applies in bus platform, is that the electric bus present invention for carrying out dynamic radio charging out of the station is real
Apply example.The embodiment is powered by a heavy-duty rectifier 21-4 and stretch section dc bus 21-40, dc bus connection
Enter the station section, 3 sections of platform parking section and outbound section.The section high frequency that 21-2,21-3 are respectively the section that enters the station is inverse
Become device and the section dc bus of the section that enters the station switch, 22-2,22-3 are respectively the section high-frequency inverter of platform parking section
Switch with the section dc bus of platform parking section, 23-2,23-3 are respectively the section high-frequency inverter of outbound section and go out
Stand the section dc bus switch of section, platform parking section includes a ground launch coil 22-10 and its resonance pair net
Network 22-11, enter the station section and outbound section mechanism are symmetrical, comprising k group ground launch coils and its resonant matching network 21-
10 ... 21-k0,21-11 ... 21-k1 (23-10 ... 23-k0,23-11 ... 23-k1).22-10 is laid at platform, when electronic public affairs
Friendship car arrives at a station and worked in the time period of passenger getting on/off after stopping.The capacity of 22-2 presses the design of platform parking charge power, 21-
10 ... 21-k0 are laid on and enter the station on route, and 23-10 ... 23-k0 are laid on outbound route.Accordingly, the capacity of 21-2,23-2
By driving charge power design out of the station, the capacity compared with 22-2 is low.First by position detecting device 2- when Electric Transit pulls in
0-1 is detected, now section bus-tie circuit breaker 21-3 closures, starts enter the station section inverter and the work of corresponding transmitting coil, is opened
Begin to enter Mobile state charging to electric bus, subsequent bus rests in platform through 2-1-2, now section bus-tie circuit breaker
21-3 disconnects, 22-3 closures, starts platform parking section inverter and the work of corresponding transmitting coil, starts to electric bus
Powerful parking charging is carried out, outbound process is with the process of entering the station conversely, disconnecting 22-3,23-3 successively.
Fig. 3 show and applies in the bus starting station or terminus, fills to the electric bus dynamic radio that carries out out of the station
The embodiment of the present invention of electricity.The structure composition of the embodiment is that the bus platform shown in Fig. 1 is carried out to electric bus are out of the station
The half of the embodiment that dynamic radio charges, only the former enter the station process or outbound process, because bus arrival has
More plenty of time is accurately stopped, it is ensured that ground launch coil is accurately aligned with vehicle-mounted receiving coil during parking, because
The ground launch coil 20-10 of this starting station or terminus parking section can be made smaller, heavy-duty rectifier 21-4 and
The capacity of parking section inverter 22-2 can be designed to bigger.
Claims (5)
1. it is a kind of for electric automobile drive a vehicle charge wireless energy transform device, it is characterised in that the wireless energy transfer
Device is received and converting means (1) by the vehicle-mounted energy on electric automobile, and on driving charging track
Ground energy is for giving emitter (2) composition；Electric energy is by way of induction wireless energy is transmitted from ground energy for giving
Emitter (2) is transferred to vehicle-mounted energy and receives and converting means (1), the electronic vapour being finally stored on driving charging vehicle road
In the electrokinetic cell of car；Driving charging track supplies to give the track of emitter (2) to be provided with ground energy；
Described vehicle-mounted energy is received and converting means (1) is by vehicle-mounted receiving coil (10), receiving terminal resonant matching network (11),
And receiving terminal converter (12) is constituted；Vehicle-mounted receiving coil (10) is connected to the input of receiving terminal resonant matching network (11)
End, the input of output end connection receiving terminal converter (12) of receiving terminal resonant matching network (11), receiving terminal converter
(12) input of the electrokinetic cell of output end connecting electric automobile；
Described ground energy is switched for giving emitter (2) including section heavy-duty rectifier, section dc bus, section
High-frequency inverter, position detecting device, ground surface end resonant matching network and ground launch coil；Ground launch coil is along driving
Charging lane center is arranged in order, and is laid on the road surface in whole driving charging track or is embedded under carriageway surfacing；Ground
End resonant matching network is corresponded with ground launch coil, and it is humorous that each ground launch coil is connected to each self-corresponding ground surface end
Shake the output end of matching network；Single or continuous multiple transmitting coils merge in groups, and per group is referred to as a section, adjacent sections
Between position detecting device is installed, each section is furnished with a section high-frequency inverter；Continuous multiple sections are merged into section,
It is furnished with a section heavy-duty rectifier in each section；The input of all ground surface end resonant matching networks in same section
It is connected in parallel on the section high-frequency inverter of the section；The section high-frequency inverter of each section passes through respective section dc bus
Switch in parallel is on the section heavy-duty rectifier in place section；Section heavy-duty rectifier is connect nearby by city electric distribution system
Enter power distribution network.
2. it is according to claim 1 for electric automobile drive a vehicle charge wireless energy transform device, it is characterised in that institute
The ground surface end resonant matching network stated and receiving terminal resonant matching network (11) are using T-shaped impedance matching topology；T-shaped impedance
It is made up of left arm, three matching elements of right arm and underarm with topology, left arm, right arm and underarm are connected to one by a common point
Rise and formed after T-shaped topology, each surplus next one free end；During as ground surface end resonant matching network, left arm free end and underarm
Free end connects high-frequency inverter, and right arm free end is connected ground surface end transmitting coil with underarm free end；As receiving terminal resonance
During matching network, left arm free end is connected receiving terminal converter with underarm free end, and right arm free end is connected with underarm free end
Vehicle-mounted receiving coil；The underarm of T-shaped impedance matching topology is capacity cell or inductance element, and right arm is capacity cell or inductance unit
Part does not adopt any element, and left arm is independent capacity cell or independent inductance element or capacity cell and inductance element
Series connection；When electric automobile is sailed in a certain section, receiving coil reflex to the ground launch coil that electric automobile covered and
The impedance of the unlapped ground launch coil of other electric automobiles is different, and the ground launch coil working that electric automobile is covered exists
Rated current pattern, and the unlapped ground launch coil working of electric automobile is in small current pattern.
3. it is according to claim 2 for electric automobile drive a vehicle charge wireless energy transform device, it is characterised in that institute
The position detecting device stated is arranged between section and section, i.e., installed in this section end head ground launch coils and a upper section
Between the tail ground launch coil of end, and this section end tail ground launch coil and next section end head ground launch coil it
Between.
4. it is according to claim 2 for electric automobile drive a vehicle charge wireless energy transform device, it is characterised in that institute
The section stated is divided into driving charging sections and parking charging sections, and driving charging sections and parking charging sections are according to traffic information
Any cross arrangement in section with energy requirement.
5. the wireless energy transform device for charging of driving a vehicle for electric automobile according to claim 1 or 4, its feature exists
In the longitudinal length of the ground launch coil of the driving charging sections is with the longitudinal length of vehicle-mounted receiving coil in same number
In magnitude, the longitudinal length of ground launch coil is less than 10 times of vehicle-mounted receiving coil longitudinal length, the ground in same section
The longitudinal length of transmitting coil is identical；Quantity, the longitudinal length of the ground launch coil of parking charging sections with vehicle-mounted reception
Number of coils, longitudinal length are close；The longitudinal length of the coil refers to ground launch coil or car on automobile direct of travel
Carry the length of receiving coil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510493468.3A CN105048650B (en) | 2015-08-12 | 2015-08-12 | Wireless energy transmission device for running charging of electric automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510493468.3A CN105048650B (en) | 2015-08-12 | 2015-08-12 | Wireless energy transmission device for running charging of electric automobile |
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| CN105048650A CN105048650A (en) | 2015-11-11 |
| CN105048650B true CN105048650B (en) | 2017-05-10 |
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| WO2013097334A1 (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2013-07-04 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Apparatus, system and mobile terminal for wireless charging |
| CN102969776A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-03-13 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Wireless charging device of electronic automobile |
| CN103078381A (en) * | 2013-01-27 | 2013-05-01 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Wireless charging device for electric vehicle and output control method thereof |
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