CN105162226A - Enhanced-transmitting-coil-based dynamic wireless power supply system and method of electric car - Google Patents
Enhanced-transmitting-coil-based dynamic wireless power supply system and method of electric car Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
The invention provides an enhanced-transmitting-coil-based dynamic wireless power supply system and method of an electric car. The system comprises an electromagnetic field transmitting unit. A transmitting coil contains a plurality of layers of spiral planar coils that are successively arranged from inside to outside in a concentrical mode; and an electromagnetic shielding radiation layer covers the spiral planar coils. A magnetic core is arranged at the center of the spiral planar coil at the innermost layer, wherein the shape of the magnetic core is identical with that of the spiral planar coil. The spiral planar coils at the adjacent layers are formed by winding of insulating leads at an opposite direction. The front ends of all spiral planar coils are connected and the tail ends of all spiral planar coils are connected. According to the invention, dynamic charging can be carried out during the electric car driving process, thereby solving problems of short endurance distance of the traditional electric car and enormous costs of a static charging station can be solved. In addition, the construction becomes convenient; the energy transmission is high; the electromagnetic radiation influence is low; the urban beautification requirement can be met; and the market prospects are broad.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric automobile wireless power technical field, particularly relate to a kind of electric automobile dynamic radio electric power system based on enhanced emission coil and method.
Background technology
Electric automobile wireless power technology can be divided into two kinds: the first is induced magnetism manifold type wireless power technology, it utilizes electromagnetic induction principle to carry out energy supply by magnetic coupling mode to electric automobile, Energy Efficient Transmission is apart from short, electric automobile need be parked in correct position to aim at charge coil and just can carry out Energy Transfer, be applicable to the application scenarios such as the charging station at similar conventional gasoline station.The second is resonance magnetic coupling type wireless power technology, it carrys out transmitting energy by inductance on resonator and distributed capacitor generation resonance, to carry out energy supply to electric automobile, belong to the Energy Transfer mode of moderate distance, vehicle-mounted resonance coil and power supply resonance coil is not needed to aim at completely, be suitable for the charge mode of development of new, obtain very large concern in electric automobile wireless charging technical field.
At present, the wireless power mainly static mode of electric automobile, static charging is carried out in the place that electric automobile need be parked in charging device.There is following shortcoming in this charging modes: one is be full of by battery electric quantity to need to consume a large amount of time; Two is that electric automobile needs to carry bulky battery pack, to maintain longer distance continuation of the journey; Three is need to stop after electric automobile during traveling a period of time to charge, and cannot continue continuation of the journey.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency that prior art exists, the invention provides a kind of electric automobile dynamic radio electric power system based on enhanced emission coil and method, the present invention can charge in electric automobile during traveling process, improves convenience and the fail safe of charging electric vehicle.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
One, based on the electric automobile dynamic radio electric power system of enhanced emission coil, comprising:
Power module (1), rectification filtering module (2), power oscillation module (3), locating module (4), signal controlling module (5), transmitter unit switching controls module (6), electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) and electromagnetic field receiving element (8); Power module (1), rectification filtering module (2), power oscillation module (3), transmitter unit switching controls module (6), signal controlling module (5), locating module (4) are connected successively, transmitter unit switching controls module (6) connects multiple electromagnetic field emissions unit (7), and electromagnetic field receiving element (8) is located on electric automobile (9);
In electromagnetic field emissions unit (7), transmitting coil comprises the concentrical spiral planar coil of the some layers from inside to outside arranged in turn, spiral planar coil covers electromagnetic shielding radiating layer; The spiral planar hub of a spool of innermost layer is provided with magnetic core, and magnetic core is identical with spiral planar coil shape; The spiral planar coil of adjacent layer adopts insulated conductor coiling acquisition round about respectively; The head end of all spiral planar coils is connected, and the tail end of all spiral planar coils is connected.
As preferably, locating module (4) comprises GPS positioner, infrared sensor and ultrasonic sensor further.
Above-mentioned transmitter unit switching controls module (6) is some relay switches be connected with electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) respectively.
Above-mentioned spiral planar coil is runway shape spiral planar coil, round screw thread shape planar coil, elliptical spiral shape planar coil or square spiral shape planar coil.
Above-mentioned electromagnetic shielding radiating layer material is that composite material of iron oxide, steel, copper, aluminium or electrically conductive polyaniline.
In above-mentioned electromagnetic field receiving element (8), receiving coil arranges by some coil units the array coil formed, and coil unit is spiral planar coil.
Two, based on the automobile dynamic radio method of supplying power to of the electric automobile dynamic radio electric power system of enhanced emission coil, comprising:
Electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) is embedded in subsurface;
Locating module (4) location electric automobile, is sent to signal controlling module (5) by electric automobile positional information;
Signal controlling module (5) obtains the distance of electric automobile and each electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) according to electric automobile position, sends control command, be specially according to this distance to transmitter unit switching controls module (6):
When the distance of the nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) of electric automobile and its front reaches first threshold, send the control command that transmitter unit switching controls module (6) connects the nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) in this front;
When the distance of the nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) of electric automobile and its rear is greater than Second Threshold, send the control command that transmitter unit switching controls module (6) disconnects the connection of the electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) nearest with this rear;
Transmitter unit switching controls module (6) switches according to the control command received;
Above-mentioned first threshold and Second Threshold are empirical value, consider that the switch speed of automobile driving speed and transmitter unit switching controls module (6) sets.
As a kind of optimal way:
When electric automobile and electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) place of burying underground distance are greater than predeterminable range, adopt electric automobile position, GPS positioner location;
When electric automobile and electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) place of burying underground distance are not more than predeterminable range, infrared sensor and ultrasonic sensor is adopted jointly to locate electric automobile position;
Predeterminable range is empirical value, considers that the switch speed of automobile driving speed and transmitter unit switching controls module (6) sets.
In present system, electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) is embedded in subsurface, and electromagnetic field receiving element (8) is located at electric automobile chassis.Locating module (4) location electric automobile, according to electric automobile locating information, signal controlling module (5) judges whether electric automobile enters charging zone.When electric automobile enters charging zone, signal controlling module (5) then makes power oscillation module (3) be connected with the electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) of this charging zone by transmitter unit switching controls module (6), thus gives the charging electric vehicle in travelling.When electric automobile leaves charging zone, signal controlling module (5) then makes the electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) of power oscillation module (3) and this charging zone disconnect by transmitter unit switching controls module (6).
Compared to the prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
1, extending electric automobile without the need to supply power mode, dynamically can charge in electric automobile during traveling process, without the need to charging for a long time to charging station, improve the convenience of charging electric vehicle, charge efficiency and fail safe.
2, electric automobile can carry less and even not carry bulky battery pack, thus can alleviate electric automobile weight, reduces electric automobile cost of manufacture.
3, owing to can dynamically charge in the process of moving, thus the problem that the endurance distance that can overcome conventional electric automobile is short and static charging station is costly.
4, easy construction, capable transport is high, and electromagnetic radiation is little, and can meet urban beautification requirement, wide market.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of present system;
Fig. 2 is locating module structural representation in embodiment;
Fig. 3 is transmitter unit switching controls modular structure schematic diagram in embodiment;
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural representation of transmitting coil in embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the internal connection line road schematic diagram of transmitting coil shown in Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of electromagnetic field receiving element;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of receiving coil in embodiment.
In figure, 10-outermost layer spiral planar coil, 11-outer spiral planar coil, 12-internal layer spiral planar coil, 13-magnetic core, 14-electromagnetic shielding radiating layer, 15-coil unit, 16-receiving coil.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment also by reference to the accompanying drawings, present system is described in further detail.
Figure 1 shows that the structural representation of dynamic radio electric power system of the present invention, wherein, power module (1) is used for as electric power system provides input power, the input voltage presetting power module (1) in the present embodiment is the direct supply power voltage 380V of electrical network, and the input voltage of power module (1) can be made adjustment according to actual demand.Rectification filtering module (2) comprises commutator module and filtering submodule further, it is direct current that commutator module is used for the AC rectification that power module (1) exports, filtering submodule is used for eliminating commutator module and exports high order harmonic component in direct current, thus exports constant voltage direct current.Power oscillation module (3) is used for the constant voltage direct current that rectification filtering module (2) exports being converted to the alternating current adapting to load frequency requirement, in the present embodiment, power oscillation module (3) exports the frequency of alternating current is 100kHz, can export the frequency of alternating current according to actual demand adjustment.Position when locating module (4) is used for locating electric automobile during traveling.
Signal controlling module (5) receives the electric automobile positional information that locating module (4) sends, the distance of electric automobile electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) adjacent with it is obtained according to electric automobile positional information, this Distance geometry distance threshold is compared, thus make job acceptance decision, and send control command to transmitter unit switching controls module (6).Two distance thresholds are provided with: the first distance threshold and second distance threshold value in the present invention.When electric automobile reaches the first distance threshold apart from the distance of the nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) in its front, be connected with power oscillation module (3) by the nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) of transmitter unit switching controls module (6) by this front, the nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) in this front is started working.When electric automobile apart from the distance of the nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) at its rear be greater than reach second distance threshold value time, disconnect the nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) at this rear and the connection of power oscillation module (3) by transmitter unit switching controls module (6).Front and the rear of above-mentioned electric automobile are all front and the rear of its travel direction relative.First distance threshold and second distance threshold value be set as empirical value, consider that the switch speed of automobile driving speed and transmitter unit switching controls module (6) sets, during to guarantee that electric automobile arrives charge point, the electromagnetic field emissions unit at this charge point place is in running order; Meanwhile, when guaranteeing that electric automobile leaves charge point, the electromagnetic field emissions unit of this juice point is in the state of quitting work.In the present embodiment, the first distance threshold is set to 10m, and second distance threshold value is set to 2m.
The control command that transmitter unit switching controls module (6) Received signal strength control module (5) sends, according to cut-offfing of control command control relay switch.See Fig. 3, transmitter unit switching controls module (6) is made up of some relay switches be connected with electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) respectively, carry out power switched concussion module (3) by opening of relay switch be connected different electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) with breaking, thus control the work of different electromagnetic field emissions unit (7).
Transmitting coil is embedded in subsurface in electromagnetic field emissions unit (7), with place, ground plane parallel, is used for launching the alternating electromagnetic field that tuning circuit produces.In the present invention, transmitting coil is enhancement mode one-way radiation formula electromagnetic field emissions coil, comprises the concentrical spiral planar coil of the some layers from inside to outside arranged in turn, spiral planar coil covers electromagnetic shielding radiating layer; The spiral planar hub of a spool of innermost layer is provided with magnetic core, and magnetic core is identical with spiral planar coil shape; The spiral planar coil of adjacent layer adopts insulated conductor coiling acquisition round about respectively; The head end of all spiral planar coils is connected, and the tail end of all spiral planar coils is connected.For realizing the energy efficient resonant magnetic coupling type radio energy-transmitting of present system, in electromagnetic field emissions unit, in transmitting coil, electromagnetic field receiving element, the resonance frequency of receiving coil and power module will be consistent.Following method can be adopted to keep the consistency of above-mentioned three's resonance frequency: measure transmitting coil resonance frequency, the resonance frequency being adjusted transmitting coil by the mode of serial or parallel connection electric capacity makes its resonance frequency consistent with power module resonance frequency; Equally, the resonance frequency adjusting receiving coil by the mode of serial or parallel connection electric capacity makes its resonance frequency consistent with power module resonance frequency.For effectively reducing electromagnetic radiation, the resonance frequency after transmitting coil and receiving coil adjustment can be made in the present invention to reach kHz rank, and kHz order frequencies is lower frequency rank, effectively can reduce electromagnetic radiation.
See Fig. 2, locating module (4) is made up of GPS positioner, infrared sensor and ultrasonic sensor.When electric automobile distance charge point predeterminable range is outer, adopt electric automobile position, GPS positioner location; When in electric automobile distance charge point predeterminable range, infrared sensor and ultrasonic sensor is adopted jointly to realize the accurate location of electrical automobile position.Fill transmitting coil location in a point and electromagnetic field emissions unit.Infrared sensor and ultrasonic sensor integrated positioning precision are located higher than GPS, so when electric automobile distance fill an electricity nearer time, accurately locate, to obtain the accurate distance of electric automobile and electromagnetic field emissions unit, signal controlling module (5) thus accurately can make job acceptance decision, controls electromagnetic field emissions cell operation.When electric automobile distance fill an electricity far away time, electromagnetic field emissions unit is in off position, without the need to the precise location information of electric automobile.Predeterminable range is empirical value, and the switch speed of same consideration automobile driving speed and transmitter unit switching controls module (6) sets.
Fig. 4 is a kind of concrete structure figure of transmitting coil, from inside to outside arrange 3 layers of concentrical spiral planar coil in turn: outermost layer spiral planar coil (10), secondary outer spiral planar coil (11) and internal layer spiral planar coil (12), 3 helical layer shape planar coils also cover electromagnetic shielding radiating layer (14), and internal layer spiral planar coil (12) center is provided with magnetic core (13).
The coiling direction of outermost layer spiral planar coil (10) and time outer spiral planar coil (11) is contrary, and the coiling direction of secondary outer spiral planar coil (11) and internal layer spiral planar coil (12) is also contrary.In this embodiment, outermost layer spiral planar coil (10) is that insulated conductor from inside to outside counterclockwise coiling obtains, secondary outer spiral planar coil (11) is that insulated conductor from inside to outside clockwise direction coiling obtains, and internal layer spiral planar coil (12) is that insulated conductor from inside to outside counterclockwise coiling obtains.The head end of 3 helical layer shape planar coils is connected, also the tail end of 3 helical layer shape planar coils is connected meanwhile.
The initiating terminal of insulated conductor when above-mentioned head end and coiling, the destination terminal of insulated conductor when tail end and coiling, terminal A in Fig. 1, A ', A ' ' are respectively the head end of outermost layer spiral planar coil (10), secondary outer spiral planar coil (11) and internal layer spiral planar coil (12), and terminal B, B ', B ' ' are respectively the tail end of outermost layer spiral planar coil (10), secondary outer spiral planar coil (11) and internal layer spiral planar coil (12).
In embodiment, each helical layer shape planar coil is runway shape spiral planar coil, and its two ends semicircular in shape, mid portion is rectangular.Outermost layer spiral planar coil (10) is the insulated copper wire from inside to outside coiling acquisition counterclockwise of 4mm by copper core radius, interior semicircle and the outer semicircle radius of its two ends semi-circular portions are respectively 1002mm, 1078mm, and the long 2000mm of intermediate rectangular part, radial pitch are 20mm.Secondary outer spiral planar coil (11) is the insulated copper wire from inside to outside coiling acquisition clockwise of 4mm by copper core radius, interior semicircle and the outer semicircle radius of its two ends semi-circular portions are respectively 676mm, 752mm, the long 2000mm of intermediate rectangular part, radial pitch is 20mm.Internal layer spiral planar coil (12) is the insulated copper wire from inside to outside coiling acquisition counterclockwise of 4mm by copper core radius, interior semicircle and the outer semicircle radius of its two ends semi-circular portions are respectively 350mm, 426mm, the long 2000mm of intermediate rectangular part, radial pitch is 20mm.In embodiment, magnetic core (13) is also track type, and the radius of its two ends semi-circular portions is 100mm, the long 2000mm of intermediate rectangular part.Certainly, above are only a kind of embodiment of transmitting coil of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of plies of transmitting coil, the number of turn of each layer line circle, size, shape and material and magnetic core material and shape all can adjust according to the actual requirements.
The inside connection diagram that Fig. 5 is transmitting coil shown in Fig. 4, the spiral planar coil of adjacent layer is reverse parallel connection, during work adjacent layer spiral planar coil in the sense of current contrary, in Fig. 5, direction shown in arrow is the sense of current, and dotted line represents that wire connects.Such connected mode can make the magnetic direction between the spiral planar coil of adjacent layer identical, and intensity superposes, thus can strengthen transmitting electromagnetic field.
The magnetic core that internal layer spiral planar hub of a spool is arranged, can strengthen the magnetic flux of internal layer spiral planar coil; Electromagnetic shielding radiating layer can retrain the magnetic field one-way transmission that transmitting coil produces; The magnetic core that the reverse parallel connection of adjacent layer spiral planar coil, internal layer spiral planar hub of a spool are arranged and the acting in conjunction of electromagnetic shielding radiating layer, can strengthen the transmission magnetic field of transmitting coil, improves transmission range and the efficiency of transmission of transmitting coil.
See Fig. 6, in electromagnetic field receiving element (8), receiving coil (16) is installed on electric automobile chassis, with place, chassis plane parallel, and receiving coil (16) periphery covers electromagnetism intensity screen equally, and receiving coil (16) connects load to loading functional by rectification filtering module.Because the most parts of electric automobile (9) use metal material, metal can produce eddy current under the effect of alternating electromagnetic field, increases the loss of system, falls low-energy efficiency of transmission, and eddy current can cause the heating of metal, so that may dangerous property in electric automobile (9) traveling.Select ferrite as electromagnetism intensity polymeric barrier layer materials in the present embodiment, there is insulating properties and high magnetic conductivity simultaneously, the generation of eddy current loss can be reduced by extra magnetically confined wherein.
Fig. 7 then provides a kind of concrete receiving coil structure chart.In Fig. 7, coil unit (15) is made up of around 1 coil unit 6 coil units for regular hexagon spiral planar coil, array coil.In this embodiment, each coil unit is made up of the copper cash from inside to outside clockwise coiling of radius 2mm, and its inner edge axis is apart from its center 400mm, and outside it, axis is apart from its center 430mm, and radial pitch is 10mm.The shape of coil unit, size, the number of turn, material and arrangement are not limited to above-mentioned, can adjust according to actual conditions.Such as, coil unit can be triangle spiral planar coil, round screw thread shape planar coil, square spiral shape planar coil etc., and coil unit also can be arranged in triangle, circle, square etc.
Claims (8)
1., based on the electric automobile dynamic radio electric power system of enhanced emission coil, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Power module (1), rectification filtering module (2), power oscillation module (3), locating module (4), signal controlling module (5), transmitter unit switching controls module (6), electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) and electromagnetic field receiving element (8); Power module (1), rectification filtering module (2), power oscillation module (3), transmitter unit switching controls module (6), signal controlling module (5), locating module (4) are connected successively, transmitter unit switching controls module (6) connects multiple electromagnetic field emissions unit (7), and electromagnetic field receiving element (8) is located on electric automobile (9);
In electromagnetic field emissions unit (7), transmitting coil comprises the concentrical spiral planar coil of the some layers from inside to outside arranged in turn, spiral planar coil covers electromagnetic shielding radiating layer; The spiral planar hub of a spool of innermost layer is provided with magnetic core, and magnetic core is identical with spiral planar coil shape; The spiral planar coil of adjacent layer adopts insulated conductor coiling acquisition round about respectively; The head end of all spiral planar coils is connected, and the tail end of all spiral planar coils is connected.
2., as claimed in claim 1 based on the electric automobile dynamic radio electric power system of enhanced emission coil, it is characterized in that:
Described locating module (4) comprises GPS positioner, infrared sensor and ultrasonic sensor further.
3., as claimed in claim 1 based on the electric automobile dynamic radio electric power system of enhanced emission coil, it is characterized in that:
Described transmitter unit switching controls module (6) is some relay switches be connected with electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) respectively.
4., as claimed in claim 1 based on the electric automobile dynamic radio electric power system of enhanced emission coil, it is characterized in that:
Described spiral planar coil is runway shape spiral planar coil, round screw thread shape planar coil, elliptical spiral shape planar coil or square spiral shape planar coil.
5., as claimed in claim 1 based on the electric automobile dynamic radio electric power system of enhanced emission coil, it is characterized in that:
Described electromagnetic shielding radiating layer material is that composite material of iron oxide, steel, copper, aluminium or electrically conductive polyaniline.
6., as claimed in claim 1 based on the electric automobile dynamic radio electric power system of enhanced emission coil, it is characterized in that:
In described electromagnetic field receiving element (8), receiving coil arranges by some coil units the array coil formed, and coil unit is spiral planar coil.
7., based on the electric automobile dynamic radio method of supplying power to of enhanced emission coil, it is characterized in that:
Electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) is embedded in subsurface;
Locating module (4) location electric automobile, is sent to signal controlling module (5) by electric automobile positional information;
Signal controlling module (5) obtains the distance of electric automobile and each electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) according to electric automobile position, sends control command, be specially according to this distance to transmitter unit switching controls module (6):
When the distance of the nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) of electric automobile and its front reaches first threshold, send the control command that transmitter unit switching controls module (6) connects the nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) in this front;
When the distance of the nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) of electric automobile and its rear is greater than Second Threshold, send the control command that transmitter unit switching controls module (6) disconnects the connection of the electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) nearest with this rear;
Transmitter unit switching controls module (6) switches according to the control command received;
Above-mentioned first threshold and Second Threshold are empirical value, consider that the switch speed of automobile driving speed and transmitter unit switching controls module (6) sets.
8., as claimed in claim 7 based on the electric automobile dynamic radio electric power system of enhanced emission coil, it is characterized in that:
When electric automobile and electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) place of burying underground distance are greater than predeterminable range, adopt electric automobile position, GPS positioner location;
When electric automobile and electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) place of burying underground distance are not more than predeterminable range, infrared sensor and ultrasonic sensor is adopted jointly to locate electric automobile position;
Predeterminable range is empirical value, considers that the switch speed of automobile driving speed and transmitter unit switching controls module (6) sets.
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| CN105119392A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-02 | 武汉大学 | Electric car dynamic wireless power supply system based on resonance magnetic coupling technology and method |
| CN108109831A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-06-01 | 宁波微鹅电子科技有限公司 | A kind of electric energy transmitting coil module and electric energy transmitting circuit |
| CN108448740A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-08-24 | 武汉理工大学 | Dynamic radio energy transfer circuit system and its real-time switching method of primary side multi-coil |
| CN108891269A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-27 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of radio energy reception device and wireless charging automobile |
| CN110893778A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2020-03-20 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | Dynamic wireless charging method and device for electric automobile |
| CN111181604A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-19 | 上海阪辉新能源科技有限公司 | Near field communication method/sensor, ground end equipment and mobile end equipment |
| CN112515646A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-19 | 浙江清华柔性电子技术研究院 | Pressure sensor and preparation method and use method thereof |
| CN112721668A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-30 | 哈尔滨宇龙自动化有限公司 | Position self-alignment device of dynamic wireless charging system and charging control method thereof |
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