CN105048650A - Wireless energy transmission device for running charging of electric automobile - Google Patents
Wireless energy transmission device for running charging of electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN105048650A CN105048650A CN201510493468.3A CN201510493468A CN105048650A CN 105048650 A CN105048650 A CN 105048650A CN 201510493468 A CN201510493468 A CN 201510493468A CN 105048650 A CN105048650 A CN 105048650A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless energy transmission device for running charging of an electric automobile. The wireless energy transmission device consists of a vehicle-mounted energy receiving and converting device (1) arranged on the electric automobile, and a ground energy supplying and emitting device (2) arranged on a running charging lane. Electric energy is transmitted to the vehicle-mounted energy receiving and converting device (1) from the ground energy supplying and emitting device (2) in a way of sensing wireless energy transmission, and is stored in a power battery of the electric automobile on the running charging lane lastly. Through adoption of the running charging wireless energy transmission device, two-stage energy management based on road segments and zones is realized according to the running position of the electric automobile; charging during running of the electric automobile on the entire running lane is realized; and compatibility with parking charging can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wireless energy transform device for electric automobile driving charging.
Background technology
Electric automobile is the inexorable trend of future development new forms of energy green traffic, and therefore relevant excitant policy has all been formulated to the development of electric automobile industry in countries in the world, but electric automobile is not still popularized widely.The principal element of restriction Development of Electric Vehicles is that charging is inconvenient and battery cost is too high.The plug-in charging modes of tradition adopts heavy charging gun, uses extremely inconvenient, not only there is the mechanical wear problem of aging of connector block, and also has the potential safety hazard of electric leakage electric shock under sleet bad weather.Wireless energy transmission technology is the hot research direction that academia is emerging in recent years, adopt wireless energy transmission technology to carry out wireless charging to electric automobile and can well solve above-mentioned charging problems, and charging convenience can greatly be improved, user only needs electric automobile to stop getting final product automatic charging.On the other hand, if mat formation wireless energy transmission device on the traveling lane of electric automobile, dynamically charge to the electric automobile in advancing, the electric automobile required battery capacity loaded when greatly can reduce satisfied same distance travelled, thus reduce electric automobile cost.
For this reason, patent of invention CN201410627463 " a kind of dynamic magnetic coupled resonance array technique supporting electric automobile wireless mobile to charge " proposes a kind of dynamic magnetic coupled resonance array technique, multilayer multiple transmitting coil array and multilayer multiple receiving terminal resonance coil array and capacitor array is adopted respectively at transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, realize the charging of electric automobile wireless mobile, charging involved by the program receives blanket, mode of resonance wireless charging band, the chargeable tire of mode of resonance and resonant electromagnetic post, in design, manufacture, install all too complicated, Project Realization difficulty is higher, and this invention does not propose feasible ground surface end power supply plan, invention CN201410043240 " a kind of adopt the contactlessly powered system of the movable type of sectional power supply " is for portable contactless charging, propose comparatively feasible ground surface end power supply management scheme, the odd even sectional power supply of primary coil winding can be realized, but there is the problem that ac bus lead-in wire is long or resonant converter number is too much, and each primary coil winding must be equipped with two-way exchange switch and position detecting device, control complicated, cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the shortcoming overcoming prior art, propose a kind of wireless energy transform device for electric automobile driving charging.The present invention can according to energy requirement and road conditions, realize by section and the management of sectional two-stage high efficiency energy, meeting electric automobile while the charging of traveling limit, traveling lane top, also can compatible parking charge, avoid the long lead of high-frequency and high-voltage ac bus, there is good fail safe and economy.
Wireless energy transform device of the present invention, is received and converting means by the vehicle-mounted energy that is arranged on electric automobile, and the ground Power supply be arranged on driving charging track and emitter are formed.Vehicle-mounted energy receives and converting means receives the electric energy that ground Power supply and emitter sent by wireless transmission.The track of having installed ground Power supply and emitter is called track of charging of driving a vehicle, no matter electric automobile is in transport condition or parked state on driving charging vehicle road, electric energy can be transferred to vehicle-mounted energy by the mode of induction wireless Energy Transfer from ground Power supply and emitter and receive and converting means, is finally stored in the electrokinetic cell of electric automobile.
Vehicle-mounted energy receives and converting means comprises vehicle-mounted receiving coil, receiving terminal resonant matching network and receiving terminal converter.Vehicle-mounted receiving coil is the parts that vehicle-mounted energy received and participated in directly in converting means wireless energy transfer, its function receives the high-frequency ac electric energy of coming from ground Power supply and emitter wireless transmission, vehicle-mounted receiving coil is connected to the input of receiving terminal resonant matching network, the output of receiving terminal resonant matching network connects the input of receiving terminal converter, the output of receiving terminal converter is connected to the input of the electrokinetic cell of electric automobile, after receiving terminal converter, the high-frequency ac electric energy that vehicle-mounted receiving coil exports changes into the electrokinetic cell that direct current is input to electric automobile.
Ground Power supply and emitter comprise section heavy-duty rectifier, section DC bus switch, section high-frequency inverter, position detecting device, ground surface end resonant matching network and ground launch coil.Ground launch coil is the parts participating in wireless energy transmission in ground Power supply and emitter directly, and ground launch coil is arranged in order along driving charging track center line, be laid on whole driving charging track road surface or under being embedded in carriageway surfacing; Ground surface end resonant matching network and ground launch coil one_to_one corresponding, each ground launch coil is connected to the output of each self-corresponding ground surface end resonant matching network.According to the geography of reality, traffic information, single or continuous multiple transmitting coil is merged in groups, often group is referred to as a section, is provided with position detecting device between adjacent sections, and each section is furnished with a section high-frequency inverter.Continuous multiple section is merged into large section, and each large section is referred to as a section, and each section is furnished with a section heavy-duty rectifier.The input of all ground surface end resonant matching network in same section is in parallel, is connected on the section high-frequency inverter of this section.The section high-frequency inverter of each section by respective section DC bus switch in parallel on the section heavy-duty rectifier in section, place.Section heavy-duty rectifier accesses power distribution network by city electric distribution system nearby.
The course of work of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention detects the traveling-position of current power automobile in real time by the position detecting device installed between the sections, the DC bus switch of closed electrical electrical automobile place section, turn off the DC bus switch of other all sections, control electric automobile place section is powered and other sections are not powered simultaneously.Electric main through section, section two-stage transmission, via ground surface end resonant matching network, in mode inductively, Energy Transfer is received and the vehicle-mounted receiving coil of converting means to vehicle-mounted energy finally by ground launch coil array, realize electric automobile and charge on traveling limit, top, whole track.
The section in described driving charging track and section corresponding road section level energy management and the energy management of section level respectively.Section level energy management is by the electric energy of section heavy-duty rectifier, section DC bus and section DC bus switch management DC form; The energy management of section level is by driving the electric energy of high-frequency inversion management high-frequency ac form.The energy management of section level is subordinated to section level energy management.
Described section is divided into driving charging sections and parking charging sections.In driving charging sections, the ground launch coil that multiple structure is identical is arranged in order along direction, track, forms transmitting coil array.The longitudinal length of ground launch coil and the longitudinal length of vehicle-mounted receiving coil are in the same order of magnitude, and the longitudinal length of ground launch coil is less than 10 times of vehicle-mounted receiving coil longitudinal length, and the longitudinal length of the ground launch coil in same section is identical.The quantity of each driving charging sections ground launch coil can be the same or different, and approximates the ratio of this section track path length and this section ground launch loop length.In parking charging sections, the quantity of ground launch coil, longitudinal length are all close with vehicle-mounted receiving coil quantity, longitudinal length, during to ensure that electric automobile is parked in parking charging sections, between vehicle-mounted receiving coil with ground launch coil to aim at area maximum, ensure higher parking charge power and efficiency.The longitudinal length of described coil, refers to the length of ground launch coil on automobile direct of travel or vehicle-mounted receiving coil.
Described driving charging sections and parking charging sections can any cross arrangements in section according to traffic information and energy requirement, and wireless energy transform device of the present invention is also compatible parking charging simultaneously.
Described section DC bus switch is the gate-controlled switch connecting each section high-frequency inverter and section, place DC bus, for whether controlling the power supply of this section.Section DC bus switch can be mechanical switch, as contactor, power-type relay, and the electronic power switch that also can be made up of bidirectional power power electronic device.
Described position detecting device is arranged between section and section, is namely arranged between the first ground launch coil of this section end and a upper section end tail ground launch coil, and between this section end tail ground launch coil and the first ground launch coil of next section end.When detecting that electric automobile sails a certain section into, this section DC bus switch closed, in this section, all ground surface end transmitting coils start power supply; When detecting that electric automobile rolls a certain section away from, disconnect this section DC bus switch, in this section, all ground surface end transmitting coils are stopped power supply.
No matter be that ground surface end resonant matching network or receiving terminal resonant matching network all adopt T-shaped impedance matching topology.T-shaped impedance matching topology is made up of left arm, right arm and underarm three matching elements, after three arms are joined together to form T-shaped topology by a common point, and surplus next free end separately.During as ground surface end resonant matching network, left arm free end is connected high-frequency inverter with underarm free end.Right arm free end is connected ground surface end transmitting coil with underarm free end.During as receiving terminal resonant matching network, left arm free end is connected receiving terminal converter with underarm free end, and right arm free end is connected vehicle-mounted receiving coil with underarm free end.
The underarm of T-shaped impedance matching topology is made up of capacity cell or inductance element, and right arm is capacity cell or inductance element or does not adopt any element, and left arm is independently capacity cell or independently the connecting of inductance element or capacity cell and inductance element.Three arm parameters of the T-shaped impedance matching topology of appropriate design, when electric automobile is sailed in a certain section, it is different with the impedance reflexing to electric automobile other ground launch coil unlapped that receiving coil reflexes to the ground launch coil that electric automobile covers, the ground launch coil working that electric automobile covers is in rated current pattern, and the unlapped ground launch coil working of electric automobile is in small area analysis pattern, can maximum system efficiency, also reduce the electromagnetic radiation around the unlapped ground launch coil of electric automobile simultaneously.
Compared with existing technical scheme, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1. realize by section, the energy management of sectional two-stage according to energy requirement and road conditions;
2. each section is powered independent controlled, the negligible amounts of inverter used, DC switch, position detecting device, system cost and system complexity lower;
3. modular coil design, installs simple, is convenient to Project Realization;
4. can compatible parking charge;
5. avoid high-frequency and high-voltage ac bus long lead, have good fail safe and economy concurrently.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 wireless energy transform device structure chart of the present invention;
The wireless energy transform device of the present invention that Fig. 2 is applied in bus platform is formed and winding diagram;
Fig. 3 is applied in the bus starting station or terminus to the electric bus wireless energy transform device structure chart carrying out dynamic radio charging out of the station;
In figure, 1 vehicle-mounted energy receives and converting means, 10 vehicle-mounted receiving coils, 11 receiving terminal resonant matching network, 12 receiving terminal converters, 3 electric automobile during traveling tracks, 32 electric automobile driving charged area, 2 ground Power supply and emitters, 21-10 ~ 21-m0 ... 2m-10 ~ 2m-k0 ground launch coil array, 21-11 ~ 21-m1 ... 2m-11 ~ 2m-k1 ground surface end resonant matching network, 2-1-2 ~ 2-(m-1)-m position detecting device, 21-2 ~ 2m-2 section high-frequency inverter, 21-3 ~ 2m-3 section DC bus switch, 21-4 ~ 2n-4 section heavy-duty rectifier, 21-40 ~ 2n-40 section DC bus,
Fig. 4 ground surface end or the humorous T-shaped impedance matching network structure chart of receiving terminal.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Wireless energy transform device of the present invention is received and converting means by the vehicle-mounted energy that is arranged on electric automobile, and the ground Power supply be arranged on driving charging track and emitter are formed.The track being provided with ground Power supply and emitter is called track of charging of driving a vehicle, no matter electric automobile is in transport condition or parked state on driving charging vehicle road, electric energy can be transferred to vehicle-mounted energy by the mode of induction wireless Energy Transfer from ground Power supply and emitter and receive and converting means, is finally stored in the electrokinetic cell of electric automobile.
As shown in Figure 1, vehicle-mounted receiving coil 10, receiving terminal resonant matching network 11, and receiving terminal converter 12 constitutes vehicle-mounted energy reception and converting means 1.Vehicle-mounted receiving coil 10 is connected to the input of receiving terminal resonant matching network 11, the output of receiving terminal resonant matching network 11 connects the input of receiving terminal converter 12, the output of receiving terminal converter is connected to the input of the electrokinetic cell of electric automobile, the high-frequency ac electric energy that vehicle-mounted receiving coil 10 exports changes into direct current after receiving terminal converter 12, the electrokinetic cell of input electric automobile.
Ground Power supply and emitter 2 comprise section heavy-duty rectifier, section DC bus switch, section high-frequency inverter, position detecting device, ground surface end resonant matching network and ground launch coil.Ground launch coil is arranged in order along track center line, be laid on whole driving charging track road surface or under being embedded in carriageway surfacing, ground surface end resonant matching network and ground launch coil one_to_one corresponding, each ground launch coil is connected to the output of each self-corresponding ground surface end resonant matching network.Single or continuous multiple transmitting coil merges becomes a section, and be provided with position detecting device between adjacent sections, each section is furnished with a section high-frequency inverter.Continuous multiple section is merged into a section, and each section is furnished with a section heavy-duty rectifier.The input of all ground surface end resonant matching network in same section is in parallel, is connected on the high-frequency inverter of same section.The high-frequency inverter of each section by respective section DC bus switch in parallel on the section heavy-duty rectifier in section, place.Section heavy-duty rectifier accesses power distribution network by city electric distribution system nearby.
As shown in Figure 1, driving charging track is divided into n section, and section heavy-duty rectifier 21-4 ~ 2n-4 has been installed in each section respectively, and 21-40 ~ 2n-40 is respectively the section DC bus in each section.This n section is subdivided into again m section, and wherein the 1 to the i-th section belongs to the 1st section, and jth section belongs to the n-th section to m section, and the i-th+1 section constitutes the 2nd section, section (n-1)th to jth-1 section.21-2 ~ 2m-2 is respectively the section high-frequency inverter of each section, and 21-3 ~ 2m-3 is respectively the section DC bus switch of each section, and 2-1-2 ~ 2-(m-1)-m is respectively the position detecting device between each adjacent sections.
Especially, the 1st section, jth section are parking charging sections, and the ground launch coil dimension of parking charging sections is relatively little, and whole section only has a ground launch coil; 2nd section, m section are driving charging sections, and ground launch coil dimension is relatively large, and whole section has k ground launch coil; M section always total 21-10 ~ 21-m0 ... 2m-10 ~ 2m-k0 ground launch coil, 21-11 ~ 21-m1 ... 2m-11 ~ 2m-k1 is respectively these transmitting coils ground surface end resonant matching network separately.
M, n, k are positive integer, and n<=m, k represent the quantity of the ground launch coil in certain section; K numerically approximates the business of this section total length divided by this section ground launch coil longitudinal length and arrangement pitches sum gained.The k value of each section is not necessarily equal.
Figure 2 shows that and be applied in bus platform, carry out the embodiment of the present invention of dynamic radio charging for electric bus is out of the station.This embodiment is powered by a heavy-duty rectifier 21-4 and stretch section DC bus 21-40, and DC bus connects the section that enters the station, platform parking section and departures section 3 sections.21-2, 21-3 is respectively the section high-frequency inverter of the section that enters the station and the section DC bus switch of the section that enters the station, 22-2, 22-3 is respectively the section high-frequency inverter of platform parking section and the section DC bus switch of platform parking section, 23-2, 23-3 is respectively the section high-frequency inverter of departures section and the section DC bus switch of departures section, platform parking section comprises a ground launch coil 22-10 and resonant matching network 22-11 thereof, enter the station section and departures section mechanism symmetry, all comprise k group ground launch coil and resonant matching network 21-10 thereof ... 21-k0, 21-11 ... 21-k1 (23-10 ... 23-k0, 23-11 ... 23-k1).22-10 is laid on platform place, works within the time period of passenger getting on/off after electric bus arrives at a station parking.The capacity of 22-2 presses the design of platform parking charge power, 21-10 ... 21-k0 is laid on and enters the station on route, 23-10 ... 23-k0 is laid on departures route.Accordingly, the capacity of 21-2,23-2 is by driving charge power design out of the station, low compared with the capacity of 22-2.First detected by position detecting device 2-0-1 when Electric Transit pulls in, now section bus-tie circuit breaker 21-3 closes, start section inverter and the corresponding transmitting coil work of entering the station, start dynamically to charge to electric bus, bus is through 2-1-2 subsequently, and rest in platform, now section bus-tie circuit breaker 21-3 disconnects, 22-3 closes, start platform parking section inverter and corresponding transmitting coil work, start to carry out powerful parking charging to electric bus, departures process is contrary with the process of entering the station, disconnect 22-3 successively, 23-3.
Figure 3 shows that and be applied in the bus starting station or terminus, to the electric bus embodiment of the present invention of carrying out dynamic radio charging out of the station.The structure of this embodiment consists of the bus platform shown in Fig. 1 to electric bus half of carrying out the embodiment of dynamic radio charging out of the station, only have the former process that enters the station or departures process, accurately stop because bus arrival has more plenty of time, when can ensure parking, ground launch coil is accurately aimed at vehicle-mounted receiving coil, therefore the ground launch coil 20-10 of the starting station or terminus parking section can do less, and the capacity of heavy-duty rectifier 21-4 and parking section inverter 22-2 can design larger.
Claims (7)
1. the wireless energy transform device for electric automobile driving charging, it is characterized in that, described wireless energy transform device is received and converting means (1) by the vehicle-mounted energy that is arranged on electric automobile, and the ground Power supply be arranged on driving charging track and emitter (2) are formed; Electric energy is transferred to vehicle-mounted energy by the mode of induction wireless Energy Transfer from ground Power supply and emitter (2) and receives and converting means (1), is finally stored in the electrokinetic cell of the electric automobile on driving charging vehicle road; Driving charging track is for being provided with the track of ground Power supply and emitter (2).
2. the wireless energy transform device for electric automobile driving charging according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described vehicle-mounted energy reception and converting means (1) are by vehicle-mounted receiving coil (10), receiving terminal resonant matching network (11), and receiving terminal converter (12) is formed; Vehicle-mounted receiving coil (10) is connected to the input of receiving terminal resonant matching network (11), the output of receiving terminal resonant matching network (11) connects the input of receiving terminal converter (12), the input of the electrokinetic cell of the output connecting electric automobile of receiving terminal converter (12).
3. the wireless energy transform device for electric automobile driving charging according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described ground Power supply and emitter (2) comprise section heavy-duty rectifier, section DC bus switch, section high-frequency inverter, position detecting device, ground surface end resonant matching network and ground launch coil; Ground launch coil is arranged in order along driving charging track center line, be laid on whole driving charging track road surface or under being embedded in carriageway surfacing; Ground surface end resonant matching network and ground launch coil one_to_one corresponding, each ground launch coil is connected to the output of each self-corresponding ground surface end resonant matching network; Single or continuous multiple transmitting coil merges in groups, and often group is referred to as a section, is provided with position detecting device between adjacent sections, and each section is furnished with a section high-frequency inverter; Continuous multiple section is merged into section, and each section is furnished with a section heavy-duty rectifier; The input of all ground surface end resonant matching network in same section is connected in parallel on the section high-frequency inverter of this section; The section high-frequency inverter of each section by respective section DC bus switch in parallel on the section heavy-duty rectifier in section, place; Section heavy-duty rectifier accesses power distribution network by city electric distribution system nearby.
4. the wireless energy transform device for electric automobile driving charging according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that, described ground surface end resonant matching network and receiving terminal resonant matching network (11) all adopt T-shaped impedance matching topology; T-shaped impedance matching topology is made up of left arm, right arm and underarm three matching elements, after left arm, right arm and underarm are joined together to form T-shaped topology by a common point, and surplus next free end separately; During as ground surface end resonant matching network, left arm free end is connected high-frequency inverter with underarm free end, and right arm free end is connected ground surface end transmitting coil with underarm free end; During as receiving terminal resonant matching network, left arm free end is connected receiving terminal converter with underarm free end, and right arm free end is connected vehicle-mounted receiving coil with underarm free end; The underarm of T-shaped impedance matching topology is capacity cell or inductance element, and right arm is capacity cell or inductance element or does not adopt any element, and left arm is independently capacity cell or independently the connecting of inductance element or capacity cell and inductance element; When electric automobile sails in a certain section, it is different with the impedance of other electric automobile unlapped ground launch coil that receiving coil reflexes to the ground launch coil that electric automobile covers, the ground launch coil working that electric automobile covers is in rated current pattern, and the unlapped ground launch coil working of electric automobile is in small area analysis pattern.
5. the wireless energy transform device for electric automobile driving charging according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described position detecting device is arranged between section and section, namely be arranged between the first ground launch coil of this section end and a upper section end tail ground launch coil, and between this section end tail ground launch coil and the first ground launch coil of next section end.
6. the wireless energy transform device for electric automobile driving charging according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described section is divided into driving charging sections and parking charging sections, driving charging sections and any cross arrangement in section according to traffic information and energy requirement of parking charging sections.
7. the wireless energy transform device for electric automobile driving charging according to claim 3 or 6, it is characterized in that, the longitudinal length of the ground launch coil of described driving charging sections and the longitudinal length of vehicle-mounted receiving coil are in the same order of magnitude, the longitudinal length of ground launch coil is less than 10 times of vehicle-mounted receiving coil longitudinal length, and the longitudinal length of the ground launch coil in same section is identical; The quantity of the ground launch coil of parking charging sections, longitudinal length are all close with vehicle-mounted receiving coil quantity, longitudinal length; The longitudinal length of described coil refers to the length of ground launch coil on automobile direct of travel or vehicle-mounted receiving coil.
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