CN105009927A - Cutting propagation method for controlling Hainan dalbergia odorifera diseases and pests - Google Patents
Cutting propagation method for controlling Hainan dalbergia odorifera diseases and pests Download PDFInfo
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- CN105009927A CN105009927A CN201510530117.5A CN201510530117A CN105009927A CN 105009927 A CN105009927 A CN 105009927A CN 201510530117 A CN201510530117 A CN 201510530117A CN 105009927 A CN105009927 A CN 105009927A
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 241000657528 Dalbergia odorifera Species 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 241000234314 Zingiber Species 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 235000006886 Zingiber officinale Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 235000008397 ginger Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000016639 Syzygium aromaticum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000009411 Rheum rhabarbarum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 72
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 244000086363 Pterocarpus indicus Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000009984 Pterocarpus indicus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 244000223014 Syzygium aromaticum Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000219061 Rheum Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 240000004980 Rheum officinale Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000008081 Rheum officinale Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000469 ethanolic extract Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- JTEDVYBZBROSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-butyric acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCCC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 JTEDVYBZBROSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000918585 Pythium aphanidermatum Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract 2
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- 244000299790 Rheum rhabarbarum Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 description 30
- 241000255901 Tortricidae Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000021017 pears Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- 230000008774 maternal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 241000221775 Hypocreales Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940002508 ginger extract Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000020708 ginger extract Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000003499 redwood Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cutting propagation method for controlling Hainan dalbergia odorifera diseases and pests. The method comprises steps as follows: sustained release particles are laid in a slotting machine, each sustained release particle comprises a center layer and a coating layer on the surface, and a preparation method of the center layer comprises steps as follows: 1 part by mass of fresh ginger is mashed, 1 part by mass of water is added to the fresh ginger for juicing, first juice and first ginger residues are obtained through separation, 1 part by mass of water is added to the first ginger residues for juicing, second juice and second ginger residues are obtained through separation, the first juice and the second juice are combined to form ginger juice, the ginger juice is uniformly divided into two parts, 2 parts by mass of traditional Chinese medicine clove are ground and soaked in one part of ginger juice, the mixture is soaked in the other part of ginger juice after drying by distillation, is fried with slow fire and then is added with a rhubarb alcohol extract for decoction and concentration, and the center layer is obtained through granulation after starch addition. Effective components of the traditional Chinese medicine continuously play the role of fungus control through sustained release, the incidence of damping off is reduced, and the incidence of pests can be reduced when the method is combined with a pest repellent device for use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the extermination of disease and insect pest, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of cuttage breeding method preventing and treating Hainan Huanghua Pear damage by disease and insect.
Background technology
Rose wood, has another name called dalbergia odorifera, and the height of tree can reach 20 meters, and tree-walk can reach 0.8 meter, and it is that international standard 5 belongs to one of 8 classes, 34 kinds of redwood, and it is of many uses, and especially timber is worth quite high.Rosewood heartwood bronzing or purplish red brown, then become kermesinus for a long time, normal containing dark brown striped, glossy, and tool fragrance, the grain of wood interlocks, and natural shaped, decorative pattern is attractive in appearance.Huanghua Pear is distributed in many places in the world, and as some countries of Chinese Hainan Province and Southeast Asia, Africa, South America etc., wherein, Hainan Huanghua Pear is the best Huanghua Pear of universally acknowledged material and texture, is classified as first class of protection plant by Chinese Government.
At present, the nursery of flower pears adopts seed seedling-raising and cuttage and seedling culture usually, owing to spending the pears destruction Of resources serious at present, large tree difficulty is looked for, seed collecting elite stand is in great shortage especially, do not carry out fine-variety breeding, the colored pears nursery stock differentiation cultivated is large, of poor quality, after seedling growth, good and bad differentiation is serious, particularly occur the phenomenons such as spike top, branching is many, height is uneven, this is totally unfavorable to the plant husbandry of development flower pears, therefore selects to carry out cuttage and seedling culture to flower pears, utilize vegetative propagation can keep the feature of maternal instinct merit heredity, the nursery stock of plantation can keep the merit of maternal plant.
But in cuttage process, Hainan Huanghua Pear seedling often can meet with the disease problems such as damping off, cause the cause of disease of damping off mainly silk pyrenomycetes and multiple sickle-like bacteria, show as time serious damping off come up after soon, not yet during lignification, morbidity seedling place near the ground variable color water stain shape rots contracting of hanging, seedling lodging and dead, the type disease is the type that on seedbed, seedlings suffer injury is the most serious, the interests at serious threat plantation family, therefore, the incidence of disease reducing the diseases such as the damping off in the Huanghua Pear seedling cottage propagation of Hainan is the technical problem needing solution in the Huanghua Pear plantation of current Hainan badly.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to solve the problem and defect, and the advantage will illustrated after providing.
A further object of the invention is to provide a kind of cuttage breeding method preventing and treating Hainan Huanghua Pear damage by disease and insect, by laying the slow-releasing granules using ginger, Chinese medicine cloves and rheum officinale as primary functional components in slotting machine, continue by slow releasing function the effect playing killing fungus in cuttage process, and then reduce the incidence of disease of Hainan Huanghua Pear seedling damping off, leaf spot, because slow-releasing granules is laid in slotting machine, ginger and the rheum officinale wherein with special odor also have certain anthelmintic action.
A further object of the invention is to provide a kind of insect expelling device, at Hainan Huanghua Pear seedling cuttage administration period, solar energy insect expelling device is set in cuttage garden, black light lamp wherein well can trap leaf roller, and by the high-voltage fence kill pests around black light lamp, improve the survival rate of Hainan Huanghua Pear seedling.
In order to realize, according to these objects of the present invention and other advantage, providing a kind of cuttage breeding method preventing and treating Hainan Huanghua Pear damage by disease and insect, comprising:
S1, slotting machine prepare: the slotting machine in cuttage garden lays three layers of matrix from bottom to up successively, orlop matrix is be the mixture that obtains after 2: 2: 1 mixing by peat, river sand and perlite according to mass ratio, intermediate layer matrix is slow-releasing granules, and the superiors' matrix is rice husk powder and peanut hull meal is the mixture of 1: 1 according to mass ratio;
Described slow-releasing granules comprises central core and is coated on the coating layer on central core surface, the preparation method of described central core is: after being mashed by the ginger of 1 mass parts, the water adding 1 mass parts is squeezed the juice, be separated after leaving standstill and obtain the first juice and the first ginger slag, the water adding 1 mass parts in the first ginger slag is squeezed the juice, be separated after leaving standstill and obtain the second juice and the second ginger slag, merge the first juice and the second juice obtains ginger juice, then 2 parts are evenly divided into, after the Chinese medicine cloves of 2 mass parts is pulverized, infiltrate wherein in a ginger juice, at 40 ~ 50 DEG C after evaporate to dryness, infiltrate in other a ginger juice, use slow fire fried dry, then rhubarb ethanol-extract is added, 40 ~ 50min is decocted at 70 ~ 75 DEG C, concentrated, after adding starch, granulation obtains described central core,
S2, fringe bar gather: select disease-free annual Hainan rose wood, and before Hainan rose wood germinates, the branch intercepting straight growth early morning of late Febuary is as fringe bar;
S3, the process of fringe bar: by described fringe bar from the cuttings being cut into 16 ~ 19cm near the direction intercepting end, described cuttings remains with 2 ~ 3 buds, shearing end is greater than 1cm with the distance at a distance of nearest bud;
At the first tangent plane of cutting sth. askew apart from intercepting end 9 ~ 12mm place of described cuttings, at the offside of described first tangent plane, cut sth. askew the second tangent plane in intercepting end 5 ~ 8mm place apart from described cuttings, by the cuttings after cutting sth. askew in the tpn liquid of 600 ~ 800 times of liquid after soaking disinfection 6 ~ 8min, soak the intercepting end 3 ~ 5h of cuttings again with the indolebutyric acid taking root liquid of 50 ~ 80mg/L, the submergence of described intercepting end is 2 ~ 3cm;
S4, cuttage: the cuttings after process intercepted after in the hole held and insert down on slotting machine, water 1 time, the line space between described hole is identical with column pitch, is 7 ~ 9cm, and the degree of depth of described hole reaches the orlop matrix of slotting machine;
Manage after S5, cuttage: every day waters 1 time in cuttage garden, during every 8 ~ 12 days at dusk, use composite fertilizer 1 time, water 1 time after each fertilising, extract unnecessary sprout tillers, side shoot and lateral bud after cuttage rooting, grow into hardening after 50 ~ 55cm until cuttings, transplant.
Preferably, the coating layer of described slow-releasing granules is the mixture of polyvinyl alcohol-starch copolymer and gypsum, and the mass ratio of described coating layer and described central core is 3: 7.
Preferably, administration period after S5 cuttage, be provided with at least one horizontal shelf in described cuttage garden, described horizontal shelf is arranged on overhead 25 ~ 35cm place, and described horizontal shelf is placed with insect expelling device;
Described insect expelling device comprises support bar above the main body of birdcage, described main body and by the solar panel supported, described solar panel is rotatable is connected to described support bar;
Described main body comprises:
Base, it is hypocrateriform, and being provided with near described base center can the export mouth of On/Off, is provided with sealing ring between described export mouth and described base;
Black light lamp, it is vertically arranged at the center of base, disperses the light driveing insect pest;
Multiple conducting rod, it is vertically arranged around described black light lamp, and described conducting rod is electrically connected with described solar panel; And
Be located at described black light lamp and described conducting rod top and the upper cover be oppositely arranged with described base.
Preferably, administration period after S5 cuttage, mid-May, to late August, places at least one insect expelling device in described cuttage garden, each 1 ~ 2h.
Preferably, sunshade net is provided with in described cuttage garden; Administration period after S5 cuttage, before cuttage rooting, in cuttage garden, use shading rate is the sunshade net shading of 85%; The sunshade net shading that shading rate is 60% is used instead after cuttage rooting.
Preferably, administration period after S5 cuttage, described hardening should continue 30 days, removes described sunshade net during hardening, stops fertilising, within every 3 ~ 5 days, waters 1 time.
Preferably, administration period after S5 cuttage, controlling described cuttage garden humidity is 83% ~ 88%, and temperature is 23 ~ 27 DEG C.
Preferably, described composite fertilizer adds the liquid fertilizer that 700 ~ 800 times of water obtain after urea, ammonium phosphate and ash mix according to mass ratio 5: 3: 1.
Preferably, described rhubarb ethanol-extract is: the volume fraction adding 10 mass parts in the rheum officinale of 2 mass parts is the alcohol of 75%, decocts 2 ~ 3 times, decoct 20 ~ 30min at every turn at 60 ~ 65 DEG C, filters, obtains after merging filtrate.
The present invention at least comprises following beneficial effect:
1, lay in slotting machine with ginger, Chinese medicine cloves and rheum officinale are as the slow-releasing granules of primary functional components, wherein ginger gradation is squeezed the juice, ginger extract wet goods active principle wherein can be squeezed more fully, the gradation of Chinese medicine cloves leaching ginger juice can make ginger juice more fully with cloves effect, more easily decoct out after making the component of killing fungus and play a role, ginger essential oil in the Huanghua Pear seedling process of growth of Hainan in ginger, archen in rheum officinale, cloves wet goods component in Chinese medicine cloves continues by slow releasing function the effect playing killing fungus, and then reduce the incidence of disease of damping off, simultaneously because slow-releasing granules is laid in slotting machine, wherein there is the ginger of special odor and rheum officinale for haunting near root, the insect pests such as the cricket of Hainan Huanghua Pear seedling root growth can be damaged there is certain anthelmintic action.
2, cuttage is front at the first tangent plane of cutting sth. askew apart from intercepting end 9 ~ 12mm place of cuttings, at the offside of the first tangent plane, to cut sth. askew apart from intercepting end 5 ~ 8mm place of cuttings the second tangent plane, the cuttings that tangent plane causes intercepts the not reciprocity wound of end both sides phloem, cuttings can be stimulated to take root sooner, and tangent plane more easily makes indolebutyric acid taking root liquid etc. arrive site of action after making cuttings intercept the phloem partial denudation of end, shortens the time of soaking needed for indolebutyric acid taking root liquid.
3, the insect expelling device arranged in cuttage garden, being converted into electric energy by solar energy makes the conducting rod around black light lamp form high-voltage fence, black light lamp wherein can be traped the insect pests such as leaf roller and then eliminate destructive insects, the base designs of insect expelling device is hypocrateriform simultaneously, base is provided with export mouth to be opened/closed, a small amount of water can be loaded wherein when using insect expelling device, when insect is fallen into after in base by elimination, open export mouth removing insect wherein, the insect expelling device of this kind of convenient cleaning is used in the high-incidence season of mid-May to late August insect pest, well can eliminate the insect pest in the Huanghua Pear cottage propagation of Hainan, improve the survival rate of Hainan Huanghua Pear seedling.
Part is embodied by explanation below by other advantage of the present invention, target and feature, part also will by research and practice of the present invention by those skilled in the art is understood.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of insect expelling device of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail, can implement according to this with reference to specification word to make those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1
S1, slotting machine prepare: the slotting machine in cuttage garden lays three layers of matrix from bottom to up successively, orlop matrix is be the mixture that obtains after 2: 2: 1 mixing by peat, river sand and perlite according to mass ratio, intermediate layer matrix is slow-releasing granules, and the superiors' matrix is rice husk powder and peanut hull meal is the mixture of 1: 1 according to mass ratio.
Described slow-releasing granules comprises central core and is coated on the coating layer on central core surface, the preparation method of described central core is: after being mashed by the ginger of 1 mass parts, the water adding 1 mass parts is squeezed the juice, be separated after leaving standstill and obtain the first juice and the first ginger slag, the water adding 1 mass parts in the first ginger slag is squeezed the juice, be separated after leaving standstill and obtain the second juice and the second ginger slag, merge the first juice and the second juice obtains ginger juice, then 2 parts are evenly divided into, after the Chinese medicine cloves of 2 mass parts is pulverized, infiltrate wherein in a ginger juice, at 40 DEG C after evaporate to dryness, infiltrate in other a ginger juice, use slow fire fried dry, then rhubarb ethanol-extract is added, 40min is decocted at 70 DEG C, concentrated, after adding starch, granulation obtains described central core.
Described rhubarb ethanol-extract is: the volume fraction adding 10 mass parts in the rheum officinale of 2 mass parts is the alcohol of 75%, decocts 2 times, decoct 20min at every turn at 60 DEG C, filters, obtains after merging filtrate.
The coating layer of described slow-releasing granules is the mixture of polyvinyl alcohol-starch copolymer and gypsum, and the mass ratio of described coating layer and described central core is 3: 7.
S2, fringe bar gather: select disease-free annual Hainan rose wood, and before Hainan rose wood germinates, the branch intercepting straight growth early morning of late Febuary is as fringe bar.
S3, the process of fringe bar: by described fringe bar from the cuttings being cut into 16cm near the direction intercepting end, described cuttings remains with 2 buds, shearing end is greater than 1cm with the distance at a distance of nearest bud.
At the first tangent plane of cutting sth. askew apart from the intercepting end 9mm place of described cuttings, at the offside of described first tangent plane, cut sth. askew the second tangent plane in intercepting end 5mm place apart from described cuttings, by the cuttings after cutting sth. askew in the tpn liquid of 600 times of liquid after soaking disinfection 6min, soak the intercepting end 3h of cuttings again with the indolebutyric acid taking root liquid of 50mg/L, the submergence of described intercepting end is 2cm.
S4, cuttage: the cuttings after process intercepted after in the hole held and insert down on slotting machine, water 1 time, the line space between described hole is identical with column pitch, is 7cm, and the degree of depth of described hole reaches the orlop matrix of slotting machine.
Manage after S5, cuttage: be provided with sunshade net in described cuttage garden, before cuttage rooting, in cuttage garden, use shading rate is the sunshade net shading of 85%, uses the sunshade net shading that shading rate is 60% after cuttage rooting instead.Controlling described cuttage garden humidity is 83%, and temperature is 23 DEG C.
In cuttage garden, every day waters 1 time, uses composite fertilizer 1 time during every 8 days at dusk, waters 1 time, extracts unnecessary sprout tillers, side shoot and lateral bud, grow into hardening after 50cm until cuttings after cuttage rooting, transplant after each fertilising.
Described composite fertilizer adds the liquid fertilizer that 700 times of water obtain after urea, ammonium phosphate and ash mix according to mass ratio 5: 3: 1.Described hardening should continue 30 days, removes described sunshade net during hardening, stops fertilising, within every 3 days, waters 1 time.
Be provided with a horizontal shelf in described cuttage garden, described horizontal shelf is arranged on overhead 25cm place, and described horizontal shelf is placed with insect expelling device.Mid-May, to late August, places an insect expelling device in described cuttage garden, each 1h.
Fig. 1 shows according to a kind of way of realization of the present invention, provide a kind of structural representation of insect expelling device, described insect expelling device comprises support bar 2 above the main body 1 of birdcage, described main body and by the solar panel 3 supported, described solar panel 3 is rotatable is connected to described support bar 2.
Described main body comprises:
Base 110, it is hypocrateriform, and being provided with near described base 110 center can the export mouth 150 of On/Off, is provided with sealing ring between described export mouth 150 and described base 110;
Black light lamp 130, it is vertically arranged at the center of base 110, disperses the light driveing insect pest;
Multiple conducting rod 120, it is vertically arranged around described black light lamp 130, and described conducting rod 120 is electrically connected with described solar panel 3; And
Be located at described black light lamp 130 and described conducting rod 120 top and the upper cover 140 be oppositely arranged with described base 110.
When using insect expelling device, the export mouth 150 be arranged on base is closed, a small amount of water is poured in base 110, then switch is opened, the solar energy that solar panel 3 is collected starts to be converted into electric energy, light black light lamp 130, conducting rod 120 simultaneously forms high-voltage fence, the insect pests such as leaf roller traped by shinny black light lamp 130, contact high-voltage fence after insect enters and then eliminate destructive insects, the insect die falls into hypocraterimorphous base 110, closing switch after a period of time, open export mouth 150, the water in base 110 and insect are removed.
Embodiment 2
S1, slotting machine prepare: the slotting machine in cuttage garden lays three layers of matrix from bottom to up successively, orlop matrix is be the mixture that obtains after 2: 2: 1 mixing by peat, river sand and perlite according to mass ratio, intermediate layer matrix is slow-releasing granules, and the superiors' matrix is rice husk powder and peanut hull meal is the mixture of 1: 1 according to mass ratio.
Described slow-releasing granules comprises central core and is coated on the coating layer on central core surface, the preparation method of described central core is: after being mashed by the ginger of 1 mass parts, the water adding 1 mass parts is squeezed the juice, be separated after leaving standstill and obtain the first juice and the first ginger slag, the water adding 1 mass parts in the first ginger slag is squeezed the juice, be separated after leaving standstill and obtain the second juice and the second ginger slag, merge the first juice and the second juice obtains ginger juice, then 2 parts are evenly divided into, after the Chinese medicine cloves of 2 mass parts is pulverized, infiltrate wherein in a ginger juice, at 50 DEG C after evaporate to dryness, infiltrate in other a ginger juice, use slow fire fried dry, then rhubarb ethanol-extract is added, 50min is decocted at 75 DEG C, concentrated, after adding starch, granulation obtains described central core.
Described rhubarb ethanol-extract is: the volume fraction adding 10 mass parts in the rheum officinale of 2 mass parts is the alcohol of 75%, decocts 2 ~ 3 times, decoct 30min at every turn at 65 DEG C, filters, obtains after merging filtrate.
The coating layer of described slow-releasing granules is the mixture of polyvinyl alcohol-starch copolymer and gypsum, and the mass ratio of described coating layer and described central core is 3: 7.
S2, fringe bar gather: select disease-free annual Hainan rose wood, and before Hainan rose wood germinates, the branch intercepting straight growth early morning of late Febuary is as fringe bar.
S3, the process of fringe bar: by described fringe bar from the cuttings being cut into 19cm near the direction intercepting end, described cuttings remains with 3 buds, shearing end is greater than 1cm with the distance at a distance of nearest bud.
At the first tangent plane of cutting sth. askew apart from the intercepting end 12mm place of described cuttings, at the offside of described first tangent plane, cut sth. askew the second tangent plane in intercepting end 8mm place apart from described cuttings, by the cuttings after cutting sth. askew in the tpn liquid of 600 ~ 800 times of liquid after soaking disinfection 8min, soak the intercepting end 5h of cuttings again with the indolebutyric acid taking root liquid of 80mg/L, the submergence of described intercepting end is 3cm.
S4, cuttage: the cuttings after process intercepted after in the hole held and insert down on slotting machine, water 1 time, the line space between described hole is identical with column pitch, is 9cm, and the degree of depth of described hole reaches the orlop matrix of slotting machine.
Manage after S5, cuttage: be provided with sunshade net in described cuttage garden, before cuttage rooting, in cuttage garden, use shading rate is the sunshade net shading of 85%, uses the sunshade net shading that shading rate is 60% after cuttage rooting instead.Controlling described cuttage garden humidity is 88%, and temperature is 27 DEG C.
In cuttage garden, every day waters 1 time, uses composite fertilizer 1 time during every 12 days at dusk, waters 1 time, extracts unnecessary sprout tillers, side shoot and lateral bud, grow into hardening after 55cm until cuttings after cuttage rooting, transplant after each fertilising.
Described composite fertilizer adds the liquid fertilizer that 800 times of water obtain after urea, ammonium phosphate and ash mix according to mass ratio 5: 3: 1.Described hardening should continue 30 days, removes described sunshade net during hardening, stops fertilising, within every 5 days, waters 1 time.
Be provided with four horizontal shelf in described cuttage garden, described horizontal shelf is arranged on overhead 35cm place, and described horizontal shelf is placed with insect expelling device.Mid-May, to late August, places four insect expelling devices in described cuttage garden, each 2h.
Described insect expelling device comprises support bar above the main body of birdcage, described main body and by the solar panel supported, described solar panel is rotatable is connected to described support bar.
Described main body comprises:
Base, it is hypocrateriform, and being provided with near described base center can the export mouth of On/Off, is provided with sealing ring between described export mouth and described base;
Black light lamp, it is vertically arranged at the center of base, disperses the light driveing insect pest;
Multiple conducting rod, it is vertically arranged around described black light lamp, and described conducting rod is electrically connected with described solar panel; And
Be located at described black light lamp and described conducting rod top and the upper cover be oppositely arranged with described base.
When using insect expelling device, the export mouth be arranged on base is closed, a small amount of water is poured in base, then switch is opened, the solar energy that solar panel is collected starts to be converted into electric energy, light black light lamp, conducting rod simultaneously forms high-voltage fence, the insect pests such as shinny black light lamp trapping leaf roller, contact high-voltage fence after insect enters and then eliminate destructive insects, the insect die falls into hypocraterimorphous base, closing switch after a period of time, open export mouth, the water in base and insect are removed.
Embodiment 3
S1, slotting machine prepare: the slotting machine in cuttage garden lays three layers of matrix from bottom to up successively, orlop matrix is be the mixture that obtains after 2: 2: 1 mixing by peat, river sand and perlite according to mass ratio, intermediate layer matrix is slow-releasing granules, and the superiors' matrix is rice husk powder and peanut hull meal is the mixture of 1: 1 according to mass ratio.
Described slow-releasing granules comprises central core and is coated on the coating layer on central core surface, the preparation method of described central core is: after being mashed by the ginger of 1 mass parts, the water adding 1 mass parts is squeezed the juice, be separated after leaving standstill and obtain the first juice and the first ginger slag, the water adding 1 mass parts in the first ginger slag is squeezed the juice, be separated after leaving standstill and obtain the second juice and the second ginger slag, merge the first juice and the second juice obtains ginger juice, then 2 parts are evenly divided into, after the Chinese medicine cloves of 2 mass parts is pulverized, infiltrate wherein in a ginger juice, at 45 DEG C after evaporate to dryness, infiltrate in other a ginger juice, use slow fire fried dry, then rhubarb ethanol-extract is added, 45min is decocted at 72 DEG C, concentrated, after adding starch, granulation obtains described central core.
Described rhubarb ethanol-extract is: the volume fraction adding 10 mass parts in the rheum officinale of 2 mass parts is the alcohol of 75%, decocts 2 times, decoct 25min at every turn at 62 DEG C, filters, obtains after merging filtrate.
The coating layer of described slow-releasing granules is the mixture of polyvinyl alcohol-starch copolymer and gypsum, and the mass ratio of described coating layer and described central core is 3: 7.
S2, fringe bar gather: select disease-free annual Hainan rose wood, and before Hainan rose wood germinates, the branch intercepting straight growth early morning of late Febuary is as fringe bar.
S3, the process of fringe bar: by described fringe bar from the cuttings being cut into 18cm near the direction intercepting end, described cuttings remains with 3 buds, shearing end is greater than 1cm with the distance at a distance of nearest bud.
At the first tangent plane of cutting sth. askew apart from the intercepting end 10mm place of described cuttings, at the offside of described first tangent plane, cut sth. askew the second tangent plane in intercepting end 7mm place apart from described cuttings, by the cuttings after cutting sth. askew in the tpn liquid of 700 times of liquid after soaking disinfection 7min, soak the intercepting end 4h of cuttings again with the indolebutyric acid taking root liquid of 60mg/L, the submergence of described intercepting end is 2cm.
S4, cuttage: the cuttings after process intercepted after in the hole held and insert down on slotting machine, water 1 time, the line space between described hole is identical with column pitch, is 8cm, and the degree of depth of described hole reaches the orlop matrix of slotting machine.
Manage after S5, cuttage: be provided with sunshade net in described cuttage garden, before cuttage rooting, in cuttage garden, use shading rate is the sunshade net shading of 85%, uses the sunshade net shading that shading rate is 60% after cuttage rooting instead.Controlling described cuttage garden humidity is 85%, and temperature is 25 DEG C.
In cuttage garden, every day waters 1 time, uses composite fertilizer 1 time during every 10 days at dusk, waters 1 time, extracts unnecessary sprout tillers, side shoot and lateral bud, grow into hardening after 52cm until cuttings after cuttage rooting, transplant after each fertilising.
Described composite fertilizer adds the liquid fertilizer that 700 times of water obtain after urea, ammonium phosphate and ash mix according to mass ratio 5: 3: 1.Described hardening should continue 30 days, removes described sunshade net during hardening, stops fertilising, within every 4 days, waters 1 time.
Be provided with two horizontal shelf in described cuttage garden, described horizontal shelf is arranged on overhead 30cm place, and described horizontal shelf is placed with insect expelling device.Mid-May, to late August, places two insect expelling devices in described cuttage garden, each 1.5h.
Described insect expelling device comprises support bar above the main body of birdcage, described main body and by the solar panel supported, described solar panel is rotatable is connected to described support bar.
Described main body comprises:
Base, it is hypocrateriform, and being provided with near described base center can the export mouth of On/Off, is provided with sealing ring between described export mouth and described base;
Black light lamp, it is vertically arranged at the center of base, disperses the light driveing insect pest;
Multiple conducting rod, it is vertically arranged around described black light lamp, and described conducting rod is electrically connected with described solar panel; And
Be located at described black light lamp and described conducting rod top and the upper cover be oppositely arranged with described base.
When using insect expelling device, the export mouth be arranged on base is closed, a small amount of water is poured in base, then switch is opened, the solar energy that solar panel is collected starts to be converted into electric energy, light black light lamp, conducting rod simultaneously forms high-voltage fence, the insect pests such as shinny black light lamp trapping leaf roller, contact high-voltage fence after insect enters and then eliminate destructive insects, the insect die falls into hypocraterimorphous base, closing switch after a period of time, open export mouth, the water in base and insect are removed.
In order to effect of the present invention is described, inventor selects 2 cuttage gardens, Stochastic choice 400 strain cuttings is planted in two cuttage gardens respectively as experiment material, one of them cuttage garden adopts the cuttage breeding method of control Hainan Huanghua Pear damage by disease and insect of embodiments of the invention 3, another cuttage garden adopts common cuttage breeding method, do not lay slow-releasing granules and do not establish insect expelling device, all the other are identical with the cuttage breeding method of Hainan Huanghua Pear in embodiment 3, measure related data as follows:
Table 1 Hainan Huanghua Pear growing state measures
As can be seen from Table 1, the cuttage breeding method of control Hainan of the present invention Huanghua Pear damage by disease and insect is adopted to compare with the cuttage breeding method of common Hainan Huanghua Pear, the cuttage breeding method of control Hainan of the present invention Huanghua Pear damage by disease and insect, the incidence of disease that slow-releasing granules significantly reduces Hainan Huanghua Pear damping off has been laid in the slotting machine in cuttage garden, be provided with insect expelling device, having worm strain rate is starkly lower than common cuttage breeding method, and Hainan Huanghua Pear survival rate of method of the present invention plantation is higher than common cottage method.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification and embodiment utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the embodiment described.
Claims (9)
1. prevent and treat a cuttage breeding method for Hainan Huanghua Pear damage by disease and insect, it is characterized in that, comprising:
S1, slotting machine prepare: the slotting machine in cuttage garden lays three layers of matrix from bottom to up successively, orlop matrix is be the mixture that obtains after 2: 2: 1 mixing by peat, river sand and perlite according to mass ratio, intermediate layer matrix is slow-releasing granules, and the superiors' matrix is rice husk powder and peanut hull meal is the mixture of 1: 1 according to mass ratio;
Described slow-releasing granules comprises central core and is coated on the coating layer on central core surface, the preparation method of described central core is: after being mashed by the ginger of 1 mass parts, the water adding 1 mass parts is squeezed the juice, be separated after leaving standstill and obtain the first juice and the first ginger slag, the water adding 1 mass parts in the first ginger slag is squeezed the juice, be separated after leaving standstill and obtain the second juice and the second ginger slag, merge the first juice and the second juice obtains ginger juice, then 2 parts are evenly divided into, after the Chinese medicine cloves of 2 mass parts is pulverized, infiltrate wherein in a ginger juice, at 40 ~ 50 DEG C after evaporate to dryness, infiltrate in other a ginger juice, use slow fire fried dry, then rhubarb ethanol-extract is added, 40 ~ 50min is decocted at 70 ~ 75 DEG C, concentrated, after adding starch, granulation obtains described central core,
S2, fringe bar gather: select disease-free annual Hainan rose wood, and before Hainan rose wood germinates, the branch intercepting straight growth early morning of late Febuary is as fringe bar;
S3, the process of fringe bar: by described fringe bar from the cuttings being cut into 16 ~ 19cm near the direction intercepting end, described cuttings remains with 2 ~ 3 buds, shearing end is greater than 1cm with the distance at a distance of nearest bud;
At the first tangent plane of cutting sth. askew apart from intercepting end 9 ~ 12mm place of described cuttings, at the offside of described first tangent plane, cut sth. askew the second tangent plane in intercepting end 5 ~ 8mm place apart from described cuttings, by the cuttings after cutting sth. askew in the tpn liquid of 600 ~ 800 times of liquid after soaking disinfection 6 ~ 8min, soak the intercepting end 3 ~ 5h of cuttings again with the indolebutyric acid taking root liquid of 50 ~ 80mg/L, the submergence of described intercepting end is 2 ~ 3cm;
S4, cuttage: the cuttings after process intercepted after in the hole held and insert down on slotting machine, water 1 time, the line space between described hole is identical with column pitch, is 7 ~ 9cm, and the degree of depth of described hole reaches the orlop matrix of slotting machine;
Manage after S5, cuttage: every day waters 1 time in cuttage garden, during every 8 ~ 12 days at dusk, use composite fertilizer 1 time, water 1 time after each fertilising, extract unnecessary sprout tillers, side shoot and lateral bud after cuttage rooting, grow into hardening after 50 ~ 55cm until cuttings, transplant.
2. the cuttage breeding method of control Hainan as claimed in claim 1 Huanghua Pear damage by disease and insect, it is characterized in that, the coating layer of described slow-releasing granules is the mixture of polyvinyl alcohol-starch copolymer and gypsum, and the mass ratio of described coating layer and described central core is 3: 7.
3. the cuttage breeding method of control Hainan as claimed in claim 2 Huanghua Pear damage by disease and insect, it is characterized in that, administration period after S5 cuttage, at least one horizontal shelf is provided with in described cuttage garden, described horizontal shelf is arranged on overhead 25 ~ 35cm place, and described horizontal shelf is placed with insect expelling device;
Described insect expelling device comprises support bar above the main body of birdcage, described main body and by the solar panel supported, described solar panel is rotatable is connected to described support bar;
Described main body comprises:
Base, it is hypocrateriform, and being provided with near described base center can the export mouth of On/Off, is provided with sealing ring between described export mouth and described base;
Black light lamp, it is vertically arranged at the center of base, disperses the light driveing insect pest;
Multiple conducting rod, it is vertically arranged around described black light lamp, and described conducting rod is electrically connected with described solar panel; And
Be located at described black light lamp and described conducting rod top and the upper cover be oppositely arranged with described base.
4. the cuttage breeding method of control Hainan as claimed in claim 2 Huanghua Pear damage by disease and insect, it is characterized in that, administration period after S5 cuttage, mid-May, to late August, places at least one insect expelling device in described cuttage garden, each 1 ~ 2h.
5. the cuttage breeding method of control Hainan as claimed in claim 3 Huanghua Pear damage by disease and insect, is characterized in that, be provided with sunshade net in described cuttage garden; Administration period after S5 cuttage, before cuttage rooting, in cuttage garden, use shading rate is the sunshade net shading of 85%; The sunshade net shading that shading rate is 60% is used instead after cuttage rooting.
6. the cuttage breeding method of control Hainan as claimed in claim 5 Huanghua Pear damage by disease and insect, it is characterized in that, administration period after S5 cuttage, described hardening should continue 30 days, removes described sunshade net during hardening, stops fertilising, within every 3 ~ 5 days, waters 1 time.
7. the cuttage breeding method of control Hainan as claimed in claim 6 Huanghua Pear damage by disease and insect, it is characterized in that, administration period after S5 cuttage, controlling described cuttage garden humidity is 83% ~ 88%, and temperature is 23 ~ 27 DEG C.
8. the cuttage breeding method of control Hainan as claimed in claim 7 Huanghua Pear damage by disease and insect, is characterized in that, described composite fertilizer adds the liquid fertilizer that 700 ~ 800 times of water obtain after urea, ammonium phosphate and ash mix according to mass ratio 5: 3: 1.
9. the cuttage breeding method of control Hainan as claimed in claim 8 Huanghua Pear damage by disease and insect, it is characterized in that, described rhubarb ethanol-extract is: the volume fraction adding 10 mass parts in the rheum officinale of 2 mass parts is the alcohol of 75%, decoct 2 ~ 3 times at 60 ~ 65 DEG C, each decoction 20 ~ 30min, filter, obtain after merging filtrate.
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