CN104996249B - A kind of implantation methods of sweet orange - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of sweet orange Download PDFInfo
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- CN104996249B CN104996249B CN201510304712.7A CN201510304712A CN104996249B CN 104996249 B CN104996249 B CN 104996249B CN 201510304712 A CN201510304712 A CN 201510304712A CN 104996249 B CN104996249 B CN 104996249B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/002—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from fish or from fish-wastes
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of sweet orange, and in the budding period, often spread manuer in holes rudiment 1 1.5kg of fertilizer, imposes twice, rudiment fertilizer includes the following raw material in parts by weight：20 30 parts of 15 18 parts of urea, 8 12 parts of ammonium nitrate, 18 20 parts of potassium chloride, 35 45 parts of calcium superphosphate, 20 25 parts of diatomite, 12 parts of JT composite bacterias and biogas slurry；In strong fruiting period, often spread manuer in holes 3 5kg of fruit-promoting fertilizer, imposes once, using cyclic annular ditch spread, 10 20cm of ditch depth, fruit-promoting fertilizer includes the following raw material in parts by weight：30 35 parts of urea, 40 45 parts of potassium chloride, 25 35 parts of calcium superphosphate, 20 30 parts of 25 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1 0.2 parts of borax and biogas slurry.Sweet orange implantation methods disclosed by the invention, to meet the needs of sweet orange sapling growth and Fruit suitable for n-p-k ratio, sapling is freeze proof and diseases and insect pests resistance is strong, fruit volume increase 15% 20%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the implantation methods of Rutaceae citrus.It is more particularly related to a kind of sweet orange
Implantation methods.
Background technology
Orange is called Jin Huan, yellow fruit, belongs to the fruit of rutaceae fragrant citrus, is one of four big fruits in the world.Orange has sweet tea
Point of orange and bitter orange, for general fresh food based on sweet orange, fruit is fragrant as shaddock, and fruit contains a large amount of sugar and a certain amount of citric acid
And abundant vitamin C, nutritive value is higher, excellent in color, is the excellent fruit of fresh food.
Orange is mostly used propagation by grafiting, and stock mainly uses sour tangerine and red tangerine, and Mid-subtropical regions are mainly with red tangerine and Zhu's tangerine, north
Citrange and Ichang papeda are mainly used in subtropical zone, and structure head orange is mainly used in coastal varieties in saline-alkali areas, though obtained orange sweet and sour taste,
Orange peel is coarse, and the good orange of general commercially available appearance passes through waxing polishing more and handles.
Orange is susceptible to suffer from pest and disease damage in planting process, common are mite class, a red-spotted lizard class, leaf mining moth class, anthracnose, generally all according to
Rely and prevent pest and disease damage in chemicals, although orange, which is eaten raw, has abandoned pericarp, still there is a small amount of chemicals to penetrate into pulp
Among, under current health, nutrition and the fashion trend of environmental protection, orange is planted by the prevention pest and disease damage method of green
With good development prospect.
Invention content
It is excellent it is an object of the invention to solve at least the above and/or defect, and provide at least to will be described later
Point.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of implantation methods of sweet orange, by applying respectively in budding period and strong fruiting period
Rudiment fertilizer and fruit-promoting fertilizer, the needs of sweet orange sapling growth and Fruit are met with suitable n-p-k ratio, reduce fruit drop,
Apply a certain amount of JT composite bacterias and biogas slurry simultaneously, with activating soil balance nutrient, prevents seedling nutritional deficiency, and improve orange-tree
Seedling is freeze proof and the ability of disease and insect resistance, to realize that fruit increases production, method of the invention green, environmental protection.
A further object of the invention is by being grafted with golden mandarin orange dwarfing rootstock, being used in combination moss and peat with 3∶1 mixing is ground
Coating, to improve grafting success rate, makes sweet orange have the dwarfed plant of golden mandarin orange at grafting after mill, is convenient for picking fruit, improves
The efficiency of light energy utilization also promotes flower_bud formation, fruit to do sth. in advance result, high yield.
In order to realize these purposes and other advantages according to the present invention, a kind of implantation methods of sweet orange are provided, including
Following steps：
Step A, site preparation digs cave
The alkalescent soil that selection soil property is fertile, moistens is that 2m × 2.5m digs cave according to seeding row spacing, is colonized first 1 month often
Cave covers the soil of a thickness 30-50cm after first spreading fertilizer over the fields base manure, then spills applying liquid base manure and carry out solum settlement, wherein the liquid
Body base manure is prepared for 1: 5 with weight ratio with base manure and biogas slurry；
Step B, it is colonized
In late Febuary to mid-March or early October to sweet orange nursery stock transplantation with soil is carried out between late October, covered after plant
Earth mulch is flat, is watered with after root water using tree disk sod mulch covering first layer covering material, cladding thickness 10-15cm；
Step C, fertilizing management
Budding period, often spread manuer in holes rudiment fertilizer 1-1.5kg, imposes twice, and the rudiment fertilizer includes following original in parts by weight
Material：15-18 parts of urea, 8-12 parts of ammonium nitrate, 18-20 parts of potassium chloride, 35-45 parts of calcium superphosphate, 20-25 parts of diatomite, JT are multiple
20-30 parts of 1-2 parts of combined bacteria kind and biogas slurry；
Strong fruiting period, often spread manuer in holes fruit-promoting fertilizer 3-5kg, imposes once, using cyclic annular ditch spread, ditch depth 10-20cm, the fruit-promoting fertilizer
Including the following raw material in parts by weight：30-35 parts of urea, 40-45 parts of potassium chloride, 25-35 parts of calcium superphosphate, magnesium sulfate 2-5
20-30 parts of part, 0.1-0.2 parts of borax and biogas slurry.
Preferably, the implantation methods of the sweet orange 20-30 days after field planting, pour the water-soluble of the biogas slurry containing 20%-40%
Liquid urges the tip.
Preferably, the preparation method of the implantation methods of the sweet orange, the biogas slurry is as follows：By rabbit excrement, chicken manure, earthworm
Excrement, fish-bone, shrimp head, rotten Yoghourt and water are to be placed in room temperature under at 10-15: 8-12: 15-20: 5-7: 3-5: 3-5: 300 with weight ratio
Stack retting filters gained after 15-20 days.
Preferably, the implantation methods of the sweet orange are covered in early November on first layer covering material top
The thickness of second layer covering material, the second layer covering material is 15-20cm, is covered on second layer covering material top
Black duplex film, wherein the first layer covering material and second layer covering material be straw, bagasse, Itanlian rye,
A variety of compositions in pericarp and fruit stone, the black duplex film are the polyvinyl chloride films that thickness is 0.01-0.02mm.
Preferably, the implantation methods of the sweet orange, before field planting, using the sweet orange branch of no disease and pests harm as connecing
Fringe is grafted onto using whip grafting on the golden mandarin orange dwarfing rootstock of no disease and pests harm, and moss and peat are coated at grafting to be ground after 3: 1 mixing
The mixture being milled into, then at cloth winding grafting.
Preferably, the implantation methods of the sweet orange, further include branch shaping, and grafting cuts top at high 50-60cm
Afterwards, the major branch for the liftoff 30-40cm or more that 3-4 items are evenly distributed is stayed, so that tree crown is in natural open centre shape, and it is timely in wound
Smear callus corrosion prevention film.
Preferably, the implantation methods of the sweet orange, further include with peanut interplant, peanut field planting two row sweet oranges it
Between, spacing in the rows 15-20cm, line-spacing apart from sweet orange is 30-50cm, and the drilling Itanlian rye between peanut and sweet orange.
Preferably, the implantation methods of the sweet orange promote flower king No. 2 once, in Qiu Mozai in flower bud differentiation period ring brush
It is primary that ring brush promotees flower king No. 2.
Preferably, the implantation methods of the sweet orange, the fertilizing management further include spraying within every 7-10 days a blade face
Fertilizer, the foliar fertilizer are made of the red potassium of high energy, biogas slurry clear liquid and water by weight for 1: 3-5: 3-10, and the biogas slurry clear liquid is institute
Biogas slurry is stated through the first secondary clearing of activated carbon, then through the second secondary clearing of attapulgite, 100 mesh of re-sieving obtains.
The present invention includes at least following advantageous effect：
The first, 1 month before field planting, first cover and bury base manure, then apply liquid base manure and settled, by biogas slurry to soil into
The a degree of pesticide-germicide of row, using sedimentation so that the close knot of bottom soil；In the budding period to apply nitrogen, based on phosphorus, and apply
A certain amount of JT composite bacterias and biogas slurry activating soil balance nutrient quickly dissolve cured N P and K and other yuan in soil
Element prevents seedling from the generation of the nutritional deficiencys situation such as runt seedling, weak seedling and yellow leaf occur；Strong fruiting period adds boron based on few nitrogen, suitable phosphorus, increasing potassium
The antibacterial anti-corrosion of sand adjusts soil pH to alkalescent to meet sweet orange plant strain growth needs simultaneously；
The second, biogas slurry introduces microorganism using rotten Yoghourt and wormcast and ferments to other raw materials, both improves original
The comprehensive utilization of material, while increasing into actinomyces and other fungi microbes, pathogen breeding is limited, fertilizer chats is improved
The absorptivity of substance, and improve the upgrowth situation of root system；
Third is covered by carrying out tree disk sod mulch by stages, and covering for the first time is to reduce soil moisture for chesson
Evaporation inhibits weed growth, improves the growing way of seedling, and second covering covers primarily to winter cold-proof heat insulation, moisturizing
Black duplex film is to promote fruit early-maturing, pre- anti-fruit-cracking to reduce the temperature difference of upper soll layer and lower layer；
4th, by being grafted with golden mandarin orange dwarfing rootstock, moss and peat is used in combination to coat and graft after 3: 1 mixed grindings
Place, to improve grafting success rate, makes sweet orange have the dwarfed plant of golden mandarin orange, is convenient for picking fruit, improves the efficiency of light energy utilization, also promotees
Into flower_bud formation, fruit does sth. in advance result, high yield；
5th, peanut plant is short and small, and sunlight will not be competed with sweet orange, and set is cultivated peanut to increase the nitrogen content in soil, can
To reduce the applied amount of nitrogenous fertilizer；And Itanlian rye can wither rapidly when sweet orange needs rich water and cover grass as nature, or manually cut
Undercutting row covers, and Itanlian rye can inhibit other weedy when growth is luxuriant, while enhancing soil fertility；
6th, promote flower king No. 2 once in flower bud differentiation period ring brush, bud differentiation can be promoted, press down the mad length of summer shoot, can spend by force and carry
High pollination ability and fruit-setting rate；In autumn end, ring brush promotees flower king No. 2 once again, you can and the suppression winter tip takes out hair, strengthens tree vigo(u)r Nutrition and Metabolism,
It yields positive results and lays a solid foundation for the coming year, the biennial bearing of balanced biennial bearing, tree body fruiting makes tree body carry unbalance, equilibrium income；
7th, foliar fertilizer contains high-activity kalium, chelating agent, amino acid and various growth hormone, it is easier to it is thin to permeate blade
Born of the same parents, quick, biogas slurry clear liquid can also improve the freezing tolerance of blade.
Part is illustrated to embody by further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention by following, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, to enable those skilled in the art with reference to specification
Word can be implemented according to this.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of implantation methods of sweet orange, include the following steps：
Step A, site preparation digs cave
The alkalescent soil that selection soil property is fertile, moistens is that 2m × 2.5m digs cave according to seeding row spacing, is colonized first 1 month often
Cave covers the soil of a thickness 30cm after first spreading fertilizer over the fields base manure, then spills applying liquid base manure and carry out solum settlement, wherein the liquid base
Fertilizer is prepared for 1: 5 with weight ratio with base manure and biogas slurry, and biogas slurry carries out a degree of pesticide-germicide to soil, and sedimentation then makes bottom
The close knot of portion's soil；
Step B, it is colonized
In late Febuary to sweet orange nursery stock transplantation with soil is carried out between mid-March, earthing lid is flat after plant, after being watered with root water
First layer covering material is covered using tree disk sod mulch, cladding thickness 10cm reduces soil moisture mainly for chesson
Evaporation inhibits weed growth, improves the growing way of seedling；
20 days after field planting, pours the aqueous solution containing 20% biogas slurry and urge the tip；
Step C, fertilizing management
Budding period, often spread manuer in holes rudiment fertilizer 1kg, imposes twice, and the rudiment fertilizer includes the following raw material in parts by weight：Urine
20 parts of 15 parts of element, 8 parts of ammonium nitrate, 18 parts of potassium chloride, 35 parts of calcium superphosphate, 20 parts of diatomite, 1 part of JT composite bacterias and biogas slurry；
In the budding period to apply nitrogen, based on phosphorus, and apply a certain amount of JT composite bacterias and biogas slurry activating soil balance nutrient, it is fast instant
Cured N P and K and other elements in soil are solved, prevent seedling from the generation of the nutritional deficiencys situation such as runt seedling, weak seedling and yellow leaf occur；Strong fruit
Phase, often spread manuer in holes fruit-promoting fertilizer 3kg, imposes once, using cyclic annular ditch spread, ditch depth 10cm, the fruit-promoting fertilizer includes in parts by weight
The following raw material：30 parts of urea, 40 parts of potassium chloride, 25 parts of calcium superphosphate, 20 parts of 2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1 part of borax and biogas slurry.Strong fruit
Phase based on few nitrogen, suitable phosphorus, increasing potassium, adds the antibacterial anti-corrosion of borax while adjusting soil pH to alkalescent to meet sweet orange plant strain growth
It needs, the fertilizing management has increased production 15% compared to common fruit-promoting fertilizer, fertilizing method of the invention is applied, and volume of fruits increases
10%.
The preparation method of the implantation methods of the sweet orange, the biogas slurry is as follows：By rabbit excrement, chicken manure, wormcast, fish-bone,
Shrimp head, rotten Yoghourt and water are placed in stack retting under room temperature for 10: 8: 15: 5: 3: 3: 300 with weight ratio and filter gained after 15 days.Biogas slurry
Microorganism is introduced using rotten Yoghourt and wormcast to ferment to other raw materials, has both improved the comprehensive utilization of raw material, simultaneously
Increase into actinomyces and other fungi microbes, limits pathogen breeding, improve the absorptivity of fertilizer mineral, and
Improve the upgrowth situation of root system.
The implantation methods of the sweet orange, in early November, on first layer covering material top, the covering second layer covers
The thickness of cover material, the second layer covering material is 15cm, and black duplex film is covered on second layer covering material top,
Wherein, the first layer covering material and second layer covering material are straw, Itanlian rye, and the black duplex film is thick
Degree is the polyvinyl chloride film of 0.01mm.By carrying out tree disk sod mulch covering by stages, second of covering is primarily to winter
Cold-proof heat insulation, moisturizing, and it is to promote fruit early-maturing to reduce the temperature difference of upper soll layer and lower layer to cover black duplex film, in advance
Anti-fruit-cracking.
The implantation methods of the sweet orange promote flower king No. 2 once in flower bud differentiation period ring brush, can promote bud differentiation, press down the summer
Pollination ability and fruit-setting rate can be spent by force and be improved to the mad length of the tip, and in autumn end, ring brush promotees flower king No. 2 once again, can press down the winter tip and take out hair, by force
Change tree vigo(u)r Nutrition and Metabolism, yields positive results and lay a solid foundation for the coming year, the biennial bearing of balanced biennial bearing, tree body fruiting makes tree body carry
It is unbalance, equilibrium income.
The implantation methods of the sweet orange, the fertilizing management further include spraying a foliar fertilizer, the foliar fertilizer in every 7 days
It is made of by weight for 1: 3: 3 the red potassium of high energy, biogas slurry clear liquid and water, the biogas slurry clear liquid is the biogas slurry through activated carbon first
Secondary clearing, then through the second secondary clearing of attapulgite, 100 mesh of re-sieving obtains.Foliar fertilizer contains high-activity kalium, chelating agent, amino
Sour and various growth hormone, its ingredient of clear biogas slurry is easier to infiltration blade cell to process twice, and quick, biogas slurry clear liquid is also
The freezing tolerance of blade can be improved.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of implantation methods of sweet orange, include the following steps：
Step A, site preparation digs cave
The alkalescent soil that selection soil property is fertile, moistens is that 2m × 2.5m digs cave according to seeding row spacing, is colonized first 1 month often
Cave covers the soil of a thickness 40cm after first spreading fertilizer over the fields base manure, then spills applying liquid base manure and carry out solum settlement, wherein the liquid base
Fertilizer is prepared for 1: 5 with weight ratio with base manure and biogas slurry, and biogas slurry carries out a degree of pesticide-germicide to soil, and sedimentation then makes bottom
The close knot of portion's soil；
Step B, it is colonized
In early October to sweet orange nursery stock transplantation with soil is carried out between late October, earthing lid is flat after plant, is watered with root water
First layer covering material is covered using tree disk sod mulch afterwards, cladding thickness 13cm reduces the soil water mainly for chesson
Divide evaporation, inhibits weed growth, improve the growing way of seedling；
25 days after field planting, pours the aqueous solution containing 30% biogas slurry and urge the tip；
Step C, fertilizing management
Budding period, often spread manuer in holes rudiment fertilizer 1.3kg, imposes twice, and the rudiment fertilizer includes the following raw material in parts by weight：
16 parts of urea, 10 parts of ammonium nitrate, 19 parts of potassium chloride, 40 parts of calcium superphosphate, 23 parts of diatomite, 1.5 parts of JT composite bacterias and biogas slurry
25 parts；In the budding period to apply nitrogen, based on phosphorus, and apply a certain amount of JT composite bacterias and biogas slurry activating soil balance nutrient,
Quickly cured N P and K and other elements in dissolving soil, prevent seedling from the nutritional deficiencys situation such as runt seedling, weak seedling and yellow leaf hair occur
It is raw；
Strong fruiting period, often spread manuer in holes fruit-promoting fertilizer 4kg, imposes primary, and using cyclic annular ditch spread, ditch depth 15cm, the fruit-promoting fertilizer includes
The following raw material in parts by weight：32 parts of urea, 42 parts of potassium chloride, 30 parts of calcium superphosphate, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.15 part of borax and
25 parts of biogas slurry.Strong fruiting period is added the antibacterial anti-corrosion of borax while being adjusted soil pH to alkalescent with full based on few nitrogen, suitable phosphorus, increasing potassium
Sufficient sweet orange plant strain growth needs, and the fertilizing management increases production compared to common fruit-promoting fertilizer, fertilizing method of the invention is applied
17%, volume of fruits increases 10%.
The preparation method of the implantation methods of the sweet orange, the biogas slurry is as follows：By rabbit excrement, chicken manure, wormcast, fish-bone,
Shrimp head, rotten Yoghourt and water are placed in stack retting under room temperature for 13: 10: 18: 6: 4: 4: 300 with weight ratio and filter gained after 15-20 days.
Biogas slurry introduces microorganism using rotten Yoghourt and wormcast and ferments to other raw materials, has both improved the comprehensive utilization of raw material,
Increase simultaneously into actinomyces and other fungi microbes, limit pathogen breeding, improve the absorptivity of fertilizer mineral,
And improve the upgrowth situation of root system.
The implantation methods of the sweet orange, in early November, on first layer covering material top, the covering second layer covers
The thickness of cover material, the second layer covering material is 18cm, and black duplex film is covered on second layer covering material top,
Wherein, the first layer covering material and second layer covering material be straw, bagasse, Itanlian rye composition, it is described black
Color duplex film is the polyvinyl chloride film that thickness is 0.02mm.By carrying out tree disk sod mulch covering, second of covering master by stages
If for winter cold-proof heat insulation, moisturizing, and covering black duplex film is promoted to reduce the temperature difference of upper soll layer and lower layer
Fruit early-maturing, pre- anti-fruit-cracking.
The implantation methods of the sweet orange promote flower king No. 2 once in flower bud differentiation period ring brush, can promote bud differentiation, press down the summer
Pollination ability and fruit-setting rate can be spent by force and be improved to the mad length of the tip, and in autumn end, ring brush promotees flower king No. 2 once again, can press down the winter tip and take out hair, by force
Change tree vigo(u)r Nutrition and Metabolism, yields positive results and lay a solid foundation for the coming year, the biennial bearing of balanced biennial bearing, tree body fruiting makes tree body carry
It is unbalance, equilibrium income.
The implantation methods of the sweet orange, the fertilizing management further include spraying a foliar fertilizer, the foliar fertilizer in every 8 days
It is made of by weight for 1: 4: 6 the red potassium of high energy, biogas slurry clear liquid and water, the biogas slurry clear liquid is the biogas slurry through activated carbon first
Secondary clearing, then through the second secondary clearing of attapulgite, 100 mesh of re-sieving obtains.Foliar fertilizer contains high-activity kalium, chelating agent, amino
Sour and various growth hormone, its ingredient of clear biogas slurry is easier to infiltration blade cell to process twice, and quick, biogas slurry clear liquid is also
The freezing tolerance of blade can be improved.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of implantation methods of sweet orange, include the following steps：
Step A, site preparation digs cave
The alkalescent soil that selection soil property is fertile, moistens is that 2m × 2.5m digs cave according to seeding row spacing, is colonized first 1 month often
Cave covers the soil of a thickness 50cm after first spreading fertilizer over the fields base manure, then spills applying liquid base manure and carry out solum settlement, wherein the liquid base
Fertilizer is prepared for 1: 5 with weight ratio with base manure and biogas slurry, and biogas slurry carries out a degree of pesticide-germicide to soil, and sedimentation then makes bottom
The close knot of portion's soil；
Step B, it is colonized
In late Febuary to sweet orange nursery stock transplantation with soil is carried out between mid-March, earthing lid is flat after plant, after being watered with root water
First layer covering material is covered using tree disk sod mulch, cladding thickness 15cm reduces soil moisture mainly for chesson
Evaporation inhibits weed growth, improves the growing way of seedling；
30 days after field planting, pours the aqueous solution containing 40% biogas slurry and urge the tip；
Step C, fertilizing management
Budding period, often spread manuer in holes rudiment fertilizer 1.5kg, imposes twice, and the rudiment fertilizer includes the following raw material in parts by weight：
18 parts of urea, 12 parts of ammonium nitrate, 20 parts of potassium chloride, peroxophosphoric acid Ca45 part, 25 parts of diatomite, 2 parts of JT composite bacterias and biogas slurry 30
Part；In the budding period to apply nitrogen, based on phosphorus, and apply a certain amount of JT composite bacterias and biogas slurry activating soil balance nutrient, soon
Cured N P and K and other elements in instant solution soil prevent seedling from the generation of the nutritional deficiencys situation such as runt seedling, weak seedling and yellow leaf occur；
Strong fruiting period, often spread manuer in holes fruit-promoting fertilizer 5kg, imposes primary, and using cyclic annular ditch spread, ditch depth 20cm, the fruit-promoting fertilizer includes
The following raw material in parts by weight：35 parts of urea, 45 parts of potassium chloride, 35 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.2 part of borax and natural pond
30 parts of liquid.Strong fruiting period is added the antibacterial anti-corrosion of borax while being adjusted soil pH to alkalescent to meet based on few nitrogen, suitable phosphorus, increasing potassium
Sweet orange plant strain growth needs, and the fertilizing management has increased production 20% compared to common fruit-promoting fertilizer, fertilizing method of the invention is applied,
Volume of fruits increases 13%.
The preparation method of the implantation methods of the sweet orange, the biogas slurry is as follows：By rabbit excrement, chicken manure, wormcast, fish-bone,
Shrimp head, rotten Yoghourt and water are placed in stack retting under room temperature for 15: 12: 20: 7: 5: 5: 300 with weight ratio and filter gained after 20 days.Natural pond
Liquid introduces microorganism using rotten Yoghourt and wormcast and ferments to other raw materials, has both improved the comprehensive utilization of raw material, together
When increase into actinomyces and other fungi microbes, limit pathogen breeding, improve the absorptivity of fertilizer mineral, with
And improve the upgrowth situation of root system.
The implantation methods of the sweet orange, in early November, on first layer covering material top, the covering second layer covers
The thickness of cover material, the second layer covering material is 20cm, and black duplex film is covered on second layer covering material top,
Wherein, the first layer covering material and second layer covering material are straw, Itanlian rye, pericarp and fruit stone composition, institute
It is the polyvinyl chloride film that thickness is 0.02mm to state black duplex film.By carrying out tree disk sod mulch covering by stages, cover for the second time
Lid primarily to winter cold-proof heat insulation, moisturizing, and cover black duplex film be in order to reduce the temperature difference of upper soll layer and lower layer,
Promote fruit early-maturing, pre- anti-fruit-cracking.
The implantation methods of the sweet orange promote flower king No. 2 once in flower bud differentiation period ring brush, can promote bud differentiation, press down the summer
Pollination ability and fruit-setting rate can be spent by force and be improved to the mad length of the tip, and in autumn end, ring brush promotees flower king No. 2 once again, can press down the winter tip and take out hair, by force
Change tree vigo(u)r Nutrition and Metabolism, yields positive results and lay a solid foundation for the coming year, the biennial bearing of balanced biennial bearing, tree body fruiting makes tree body carry
It is unbalance, equilibrium income.
The implantation methods of the sweet orange, the fertilizing management further include spraying a foliar fertilizer, the blade face in every 10 days
Fertilizer is made of the red potassium of high energy, biogas slurry clear liquid and water by weight for 1: 5: 10, and the biogas slurry clear liquid is the biogas slurry through activated carbon
First secondary clearing, then through the second secondary clearing of attapulgite, 100 mesh of re-sieving obtains.Foliar fertilizer contain high-activity kalium, chelating agent,
Amino acid and various growth hormone, its ingredient of clear biogas slurry is easier to infiltration blade cell to process twice, and quick, biogas slurry is clear
Liquid can also improve the freezing tolerance of blade.
Embodiment 4：
On the basis of embodiment 3, the implantation methods of the sweet orange, before field planting, by the sweet orange branch of no disease and pests harm
Item is grafted onto using whip grafting on the golden mandarin orange dwarfing rootstock of no disease and pests harm as scion, and moss and peat are coated at grafting with 3: 1
Mixture made of being ground after mixing, then at cloth winding grafting, to improve grafting success rate, grafting makes sweet orange have golden mandarin orange
Dwarfed plant, be convenient for picking fruit, improve the efficiency of light energy utilization, also promote flower_bud formation, fruit does sth. in advance result, high yield, practical
In planting process, when sweet orange fruit tree maturation, 1/5-1/4 is downgraded compared to the fruit tree height that do not graft, fruit yield increases
8%-10%.
Embodiment 5：
On the basis of embodiment 4, the implantation methods of the sweet orange further include branch shaping, and grafting is in high 50-
After cutting top at 60cm, the major branch for the liftoff 30-40cm or more that 3-4 items are evenly distributed is stayed, so that tree crown is in natural open centre shape, and
Callus corrosion prevention film, protection healing wound tissue growth are smeared in wound in time, and Perishing prevention germ is infected, and anti-soil, rainwater pollution are prevented
Jelly, anti-wound are dry and cracked.General sweet orange fruit tree is in umbrella shape or turriform, and natural open centre shape illumination is good, is conducive to produce high-quality fruit, sweet tea
Orange juice is more, and sugariness increases.
Embodiment 6：
On the basis of embodiment 5, the implantation methods of the sweet orange further include being interplanted with peanut, and peanut is colonized two
Between row sweet orange, spacing in the rows 15-20cm, line-spacing apart from sweet orange is 30-50cm, and between peanut and sweet orange drilling spend more it is black
Wheat straw.Peanut plant is short and small, and sunlight will not be competed with sweet orange, and set is cultivated peanut to increase the nitrogen content in soil, it is possible to reduce nitrogen
The applied amount of fertilizer；And Itanlian rye can wither rapidly when sweet orange needs rich water and cover grass as nature, or artificial cradle is covered
Lid, and Itanlian rye can inhibit other weedy when growth is luxuriant, while enhancing soil fertility, improve sweet orange
Yield increases production 10% compared to 5 fruit of embodiment.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed
With.It can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely.It for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification.Therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited
In specific details and embodiment shown and described herein.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of implantation methods of sweet orange, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step A, site preparation digs cave
The alkalescent soil that selection soil property is fertile, moistens is that 2m × 2.5m digs cave according to seeding row spacing, is colonized first 1 month every cave elder generation
The soil of a thickness 30-50cm is covered after spreading fertilizer over the fields base manure, then spills applying liquid base manure and carries out solum settlement, wherein the liquid base
Fertilizer is with weight ratio with base manure and biogas slurry for 1:5 prepare；
Step B, it is colonized
In late Febuary to mid-March or early October to carrying out sweet orange nursery stock transplantation with soil, earthing lid after plant between late October
It is flat, it is watered with after root water using tree disk sod mulch covering first layer covering material, cladding thickness 10-15cm；
Step C, fertilizing management
Budding period, often spread manuer in holes rudiment fertilizer 1-1.5kg, imposes twice, and the rudiment fertilizer includes the following raw material in parts by weight：Urine
15-18 parts plain, 8-12 parts of ammonium nitrate, 18-20 parts of potassium chloride, 35-45 parts of calcium superphosphate, 20-25 parts of diatomite, JT composite bacterias
1-2 parts and 20-30 parts of biogas slurry；
Strong fruiting period, often spread manuer in holes fruit-promoting fertilizer 3-5kg, imposes primary, and using cyclic annular ditch spread, ditch depth 10-20cm, the fruit-promoting fertilizer includes
The following raw material in parts by weight：30-35 parts of urea, 40-45 parts of potassium chloride, 25-35 parts of calcium superphosphate, 2-5 parts of magnesium sulfate, boron
20-30 parts of 0.1-0.2 parts of sand and biogas slurry；
20-30 days after field planting, the aqueous solution for pouring the biogas slurry containing 20%-40% urges the tip；
The preparation method of the biogas slurry is as follows：By rabbit excrement, chicken manure, wormcast, fish-bone, shrimp head, rotten Yoghourt and water with weight ratio
For 10-15:8-12:15-20:5-7:3-5:3-5:300, which are placed in stack retting under room temperature, filters gained after 15-20 days；
In early November, second layer covering material, the second layer covering material are covered on first layer covering material top
Thickness be 15-20cm, cover black duplex film on second layer covering material top, wherein the first layer covers material
Material and second layer covering material are a variety of compositions in straw, bagasse, Itanlian rye, pericarp and fruit stone, the black
Duplex film is the polyvinyl chloride film that thickness is 0.01-0.02mm；
Before field planting, using the sweet orange branch of no disease and pests harm as scion, the golden mandarin orange that no disease and pests harm is grafted onto using whip grafting is short
Change on stock, moss and peat are coated at grafting with 3:Mixture made of being ground after 1 mixing, then at cloth winding grafting.
2. the implantation methods of sweet orange as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include branch shaping, grafting is in high 50-
After cutting top at 60cm, the major branch for the liftoff 30-40cm or more that 3-4 items are evenly distributed is stayed, so that tree crown is in natural open centre shape, and
Callus corrosion prevention film is smeared in time in wound.
3. the implantation methods of sweet orange as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that further include being interplanted with peanut, peanut field planting exists
Between two row sweet oranges, spacing in the rows 15-20cm, the line-spacing apart from sweet orange is 30-50cm, and drilling is spent more between peanut and sweet orange
Rye grass.
4. the implantation methods of sweet orange as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that promote flower king No. 2 one in flower bud differentiation period ring brush
Secondary, in autumn end, ring brush promotees flower king No. 2 once again.
5. the implantation methods of the sweet orange as described in any in claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the fertilizing management further includes every
A foliar fertilizer is sprayed within 7-10 days, the foliar fertilizer is 1 by weight by the red potassium of high energy, biogas slurry clear liquid and water:3-5:3-10 groups
It is the biogas slurry through the first secondary clearing of activated carbon at, the biogas slurry clear liquid, then through the second secondary clearing of attapulgite, re-sieving 100
Mesh obtains.
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| CN105850417A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-08-17 | 袁明忠 | Fructus amomi plant and blood orange tree mixed planting method |
| CN106755074B (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2019-09-20 | 湖南农业大学 | Application of the golden mandarin orange Fm MLP2 albumen in enhancing plant is freeze proof |
| CN108617372A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2018-10-09 | 桂阳县菖蒲果蔬种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of navel orange |
| CN108781948A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2018-11-13 | 茶陵县绿康脐橙种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of navel orange |
| CN107580898A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2018-01-16 | 衢州市农业科学研究院 | A kind of correcting method of citrus spring tip jaundice blade |
| CN107484615A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2017-12-19 | 钱丰林 | A kind of sweet orange implantation methods |
| CN107637361A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-01-30 | 蒋秋凤 | A kind of implantation methods of granulated sugar tangerine |
| CN107646478A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-02-02 | 蒋秋凤 | A kind of implantation methods of sweet orange |
| CN107873459A (en) * | 2017-10-28 | 2018-04-06 | 安徽国丰农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods for improving chrysanthemum quality |
| CN107996267A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-08 | 王静婵 | A kind of implantation methods of granulated sugar tangerine |
| CN108551795A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-09-21 | 霍山县新元生态农业有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse gardening method of wild leek |
| CN109275480B (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2021-04-16 | 大新县科学技术情报研究所 | Field management method for improving sweetness of oranges |
| CN110150014B (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2021-08-03 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Industrialized planting method of Or |
| CN110604003B (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2022-03-22 | 湖南杨氏鲜果有限公司 | Citrus large seedling cultivation management method for improving fruiting quality and yield |
| CN111034518A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-21 | 贵州全农旅游开发有限公司 | Blood orange planting method |
| CN114181004B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-06-23 | 山东民和生物科技股份有限公司 | Synergistic compound preparation containing concentrated biogas slurry extract of chicken manure for preventing fruit tree fruit drop |
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| CN103975779B (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2015-08-05 | 昌宁县林业技术推广站 | The method that walnut bleeding improves scion grafting survival rate is absorbed with bog moss |
| CN104521675B (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2016-08-24 | 蒙祥麟 | Citrus sinensis Osbeck is born fruit high yield new method |
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