CN104981556B - Tufftride high-frequency quenching steel part - Google Patents

Tufftride high-frequency quenching steel part Download PDF

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CN104981556B
CN104981556B CN201380072803.1A CN201380072803A CN104981556B CN 104981556 B CN104981556 B CN 104981556B CN 201380072803 A CN201380072803 A CN 201380072803A CN 104981556 B CN104981556 B CN 104981556B
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tufftride
frequency quenching
concentration
top layer
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CN104981556A (en
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小山达也
吉田卓
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Nippon Steel Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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    • C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
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    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of face fatigue strength excellent tufftride high-frequency quenching steel part, it is characterized in that, chemical composition with regulation, solid solution N concentration from surface to 0.2mm depth is 0.05~1.5%, after being tempered at 300 DEG C is more than Hv600 from surface to the Vickers hardness of 0.2mm depth, effective case depth t is more than 0.5mm, and when the half of the radius of damaged dangerous position or wall thickness is set as into r (mm), t/r≤0.35.

Description

Tufftride high-frequency quenching steel part
Technical field
The present invention relates to tufftride high-frequency quenching steel part, more particularly to it is being suitable for the power transmission component of automobile etc. The middle tufftride high frequency for using such as gear, buncher, constant velocity cardan joint, the wheel hub with face fatigue strength high of purposes is quenched Fiery steel part.
Background technology
The power transmissioning parts such as the pulley of gear, buncher for such as automatic transmission, constant velocity cardan joint, wheel hub The steel part of part etc, it is desirable to face fatigue strength high.For generally for above-mentioned part, JIS is used in raw material The C such as SCr420, SCM420 are 0.2% or so case hardening steel, implemented in case hardening steel carburizing and quenching treatment and The top layer of part forms the hardened layer of the martensitic structure that C is 0.8% or so, so as to improve face fatigue strength to be used.
However, carburizing and quenching treatment is that austenite region at a high temperature of 950 DEG C or so carries out 5~10 hours, basis Situation carries out the treatment of more than 10 hours, therefore the heat treatment deformation (quenching strain) for being brought by coarse grains sometimes becomes big. Therefore, the finishing such as grinding, polishing is implemented in the case where high-precision part is required, it is necessary to after carburizing and quenching.
In recent years, the requirement of the low noise such as automobile engine is increased, therefore smaller than carburizing and quenching treatment as thermal strain The high-frequency quenching of Surface hardening treatment, tufftride enjoys and gazes at.
High-frequency quenching is that the necessary part only to skin section carries out austenitizing so as to quench with short time heating, because This quenching strain is small；By high-frequency quenching, can precision obtain case hardened component well.However, ought only with high-frequency quenching , it is necessary to have the steel of the C content more than 0.8% when obtaining with carburizing and quenching material identical intensity.As a result, mother metal Hardness rises, and machinability produces significantly deterioration.It is thus impossible to increase the C content in steel without limit, only come with high-frequency quenching There is limitation on the fatigue strength of raising face.
Tufftride treatment is in A1Temperature province below transformation temperature obtains the treatment of cementation zone；In addition, and carburizing Quenching Treatment is compared, and process time is as short as 2~4 hours or so.Therefore, the more soft nitrogen suitable for requiring the steel part of low strain dynamic Change.However, only being processed with tufftride, the case depth that obtains is small, therefore, it is difficult to apply transmission gear of high surface pressure etc. In be applicable.
Recently as making up the shortcoming of high-frequency quenching and tufftride treatment, obtain more excellent engineering properties especially face The method of fatigue strength, has attempted implementing high-frequency quenching after tufftride.
Patent document 1~3 discloses by combining tufftride treatment with high-frequency quenching to improve the machinery of face fatigue strength Structural steel.Technology described in patent document 1~3 is less than 950 DEG C due to high-frequency quenching temperature, thus processed by tufftride and It precipitate into the inabundant solid solution of nitride on top layer, nitrogen (N) exists mostly as nitride, and the solid solution N concentration on top layer is low.Its As a result, due to compressive residual stress, therefore sufficiently high face fatigue strength cannot be obtained.
Patent document 4 proposes by combining high-frequency quenching and nitrogen treatment to manufacture the steel part of mechanical strength Manufacture method.The surface hardness of the steel part obtained by the manufacture method of patent document 4 is high.However, total N concentration on top layer is nitrogen The N concentration of compound is low with the total amount of solid solution N concentration, and largely there is the nitride forming elements such as V, in addition, total N on top layer is dense Solid solution N concentration in degree is low, therefore the high temperature hardness on top layer is low.Accordingly, for the gear of high temperature etc. can be become in operation For top layer, it is impossible to play sufficient temper softening resistance, it is impossible to obtain face fatigue strength high.
Patent document 5 it is also proposed by combining high-frequency quenching with nitrogen treatment to obtain the skill of excellent engineering properties Art.Technology described in patent document 5 is characterised by：Nitrogen concentration from surface 0.05mm depth is high.Though however, face fatigue rupture It is so the destruction with surface as starting point, but the depth of destruction can reach the depth for being several times as much as 0.05mm.Therefore, only from surface The hardness height of 0.05mm depth is cannot to obtain face fatigue strength high.
Patent document 6 it is also proposed by combining high-frequency quenching with nitrogen treatment to manufacture the steel part of mechanical strength Manufacture method.The Available Hardened Depth of the technology relative to the size of part described in patent document 6, and by high-frequency heating And the depth depth shared by the region of austenitizing.Therefore, the compressive residual stress of near surface is small, and then quenching strain becomes big, It is undesirable as characteristics of components.
Prior art literature
Patent document
Patent document 1：International Publication No. 2010/082685
Patent document 2：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2011-208250 publications
Patent document 3：International Publication No. 2010/070958
Patent document 4：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 6-172961 publications
Patent document 5：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2007-77411 publications
Patent document 6：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 7-90364 publications
The content of the invention
Invent problem to be solved
It is an object of the invention to：In view of above-mentioned actual conditions, there is provided by existing tufftride high-frequency quenching steel part institute The temper softening resistance that cannot obtain is excellent, show near surface compressive residual stress high and that face fatigue strength is excellent is soft Nitridation high-frequency quenching steel part.
The means used to solve the problem
When power transmission component is due to using heating and so that the temperature in operation face rises to 300 DEG C or so.Therefore, for Improve steel part face fatigue strength for, in order to maintain operation face elevated temperature strength and improve temper softening resistance be effective 's.And then, for improving the face fatigue strength of steel part, it is effective to improve the compressive residual stress of near surface.Separately Outward, for improving the precision of steel part, it is effective to reduce quenching strain.
The inventors of the present invention are to by combining, tufftride is processed and high-frequency quenching is carried out at Surface hardened layer to steel part Reason has carried out various researchs, obtains following opinion.
A) for improving the temper softening resistance in operation face of steel part, the solid solution N for improving the top layer of steel part is dense Degree is effective.The N concentration for generally determining is the total amount of the N of the nitride in the N and steel being solid-solubilized in martensite.It is of the invention Inventors change the ratio of the solid solution N on top layer and nitride by changing maximum temperature during high-frequency heating, thus Solid solution N concentration to the top layer when being tempered for 300 DEG C is studied to the influence that hardness is brought, and results verification has arrived increase geneva Solid solution N concentration in body is effective for improving temper softening resistance.
B) for improving the compressive residual stress of near surface, improve the solid solution N concentration on top layer and cause effective It is effective that case depth is shallower.That is, in the case where the solid solution N concentration on top layer is improved, because of martensitic phase during high-frequency quenching The expansion quantitative change for becoming and causing is big, therefore, it is possible to improve the compressive residual stress of near surface.Even if in addition, relative to part Size causes that effective case depth is shallow, it is also possible to improve the compressive residual stress of near surface.Combined by by these, The compressive residual stress of near surface can be improved.And then, cause that effective case depth is shallow relative to the size of part and also have Help reduce quenching strain.Because quenching strain is manifested due to the martensitic traoformation of austenite.
In order to improve the solid solution N concentration on top layer, it is necessary to arrival temperature when improving high-frequency heating.However, only improving During arrival temperature during high-frequency heating, effective case depth becomes too deep, the compressive residual stress step-down of near surface.It is existing The example of the high-frequency heating for having carried out more than 900 DEG C is there is also in technology, but effective case depth is deepened, it is impossible to fully carry High compression residual stress.
The inventors of the present invention are above-mentioned in order to solve the problems, such as, the condition to high-frequency heating has made intensive studies, from And complete the present invention.Its main idea is as described below.
(1) a kind of tufftride high-frequency quenching steel part, it is characterised in that the chemical composition of mother metal contains C in terms of quality %： 0.30~0.80%, Si：0.02~2.5%, Mn：0.35~2.0%, Al：0.001~2.0%, Cr：0.01~3.0%, S： Less than 0.040%, N：0.0030~0.02%, and O and P be limited to O respectively：Less than 0.005%, P：Less than 0.025%, Remainder is Fe and impurity, and the solid solution N concentration from surface to 0.2mm depth is 0.05~1.5%, after being tempered at 300 DEG C It is more than Hv600 from surface to the Vickers hardness of 0.2mm depth, effective case depth t is more than 0.5mm, and will breaking When the half of the radius or wall thickness that damage dangerous position is set as r (mm), t/r≤0.35.
(2) the tufftride high-frequency quenching steel part according to above-mentioned (1), it is characterised in that contain Nb in terms of quality %： Less than 0.3%, Ti：Less than 0.3%, V：Less than 1.0%, Ni：Less than 3.0%, Cu：Less than 3.0%, Co：Less than 3.0%, Mo： Less than 1.0%, W：Less than 0.5%, B：Less than 0.005%, Ca：Less than 0.01%, Mg：Less than 0.01%, Zr：0.05% with Under, Te：Less than 0.1%, Pb：Less than 0.5%, REM：One or more in less than 0.005% replace the change of mother metal Learn a part of the Fe of composition.
Invention effect
In accordance with the invention it is possible to provide by the existing tufftride high-frequency quenching steel part display to be obtained table high The power such as compressive residual stress, face fatigue strength near face excellent gear, buncher, constant velocity cardan joint, wheel hub are passed Defeated part.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram illustrated to damaged dangerous position.
Specific embodiment
The inventors of the present invention resist to the temper softening to top layer and the compressive residual stress of near surface brings Influence studied, be as a result found that：By improving the solid solution N concentration on top layer, effective case depth is controlled Shallow, thus face fatigue strength is excellent.
First, the regulation reason to the chemical composition of mother metal of the invention is illustrated.Herein, the % of chemical composition is represented Quality %.
C：0.30~0.80%
C is important element for obtaining the intensity of steel.Especially, it is by reducing as the preceding tissue of high-frequency quenching Ferrite point rate, in the case where high-frequency heating has been carried out the top layer of steel is formed as austenite one phase, so as to carry Hardening energy during high-frequency quenching high, so being necessary.When the content of C is less than 0.30%, ferrite point rate is high, it is impossible to by height Frequency quenching is sufficiently hardened.When the content of C is more than 0.80%, machinability, the forgeability when making steel part can be significantly hindered, and then The possibility that hardening crack occurs in high-frequency quenching becomes big.Therefore, the content of C is set as 0.30~0.80%.The content of C is preferably 0.40~0.60%.
Si：0.02~2.5%
Si has the temper softening resistance by improving top layer to improve the effect of face fatigue strength.In order to obtain the effect Fruit by the content of Si, it is necessary to be set as more than 0.02%.When the content of Si is more than 2.5%, decarburization during forging becomes notable.Cause This, Si contents are set as 0.02~2.5%.Si contents are preferably 0.20~0.80%.
Mn：0.35~2.0%
Mn is for improving quenching degree, improving the temper softening resistance on top layer so as to effective unit for improving face fatigue Element.In addition, for its hardening energy when reducing the ferrite point rate as the preceding tissue of high-frequency quenching, improving high-frequency quenching It is effective.In order to obtain the effect, it is necessary to the content of Mn is set as into more than 0.35%.When the content of Mn is more than 2.0%, system Become really up to the mark when making steel and can produce trouble in the case where bar steel is cut off.And then, solidification stages of the Mn in steel processed are easy Segregate between dendrite tree, sometimes differential hardening and steel is become fragile.Therefore, Mn contents are set as 0.35~2.0%.Mn contents Preferably 0.50~1.5%.
Al：0.001~2.0%
Al is nitride to be formed in tufftride, increases total N concentration, some or all of in high-frequency quenching on top layer Nitride solutionizing is so as to increase the element of the solid solution N concentration on top layer.Even if in addition, in high-frequency quenching in the presence of not solutionizing Nitride, due to being dispersed in steel, therefore is also effectively facilitated the grain refined of austenite structure when high-frequency quenching is processed Effect.Additionally, it is the also effective element for improving machinability.Accordingly, it would be desirable to the content of Al is set as More than 0.001%.When the content of Al is more than 2.0%, precipitate coarsening and make steel brittle.Therefore, Al content is set as 0.001~2.0%.Al content is preferably 0.020~0.10%.
Cr：0.01~3.0%
Cr is that have the element with Al identical effects.That is, Cr is nitride to be formed in tufftride, increases the total of top layer N concentration, in high-frequency quenching some or all of nitride solutionizing so as to increase the element of the solid solution N concentration on top layer.Separately Outward, even if in high-frequency quenching in the presence of the nitride of not solutionizing, due to being dispersed in steel, therefore being also effectively facilitated The effect of the grain refined of austenite structure during high-frequency quenching treatment.In order to obtain the effect, it is necessary to the content of Cr is set as More than 0.01%.When the content of Cr is more than 3.0%, machinability is deteriorated.Therefore, Cr contents are set as 0.01~3.0%.Cr contents It is preferred that 0.05% less than 1.0%.
S：Less than 0.040%
S is impurity element.In addition, when energetically containing S, it is for improving the effective element of machinability.The content of S surpasses When 0.040%, forgeability is significantly reduced.Therefore, S contents are set as less than 0.040%.S contents are preferably 0.001~ 0.015%.
N：0.003~0.02%
N forms various nitride and is effectively facilitated the coarse of the austenite structure for preventing core.In order to obtain the effect Fruit by the content of N, it is necessary to be set as more than 0.003%.When the content of N is more than 0.02%, inherently increase in tufftride The alloying elements such as Al, Cr of effect of total N concentration form thick nitride in solidification, and thick nitride is in high-frequency quenching When not solutionizing, therefore solid solution N concentration step-downs substantially after high-frequency quenching.Therefore, N content is set as 0.003~0.02%. N content is preferably 0.004% less than 0.012%.
O (oxygen) and P are impurity, but need especially system limit in the present invention.
O：Less than 0.005%
O is with Al2O3、SiO2Form Deng oxide system field trash is present in steel, but O it is many when the oxide maximization, with It causes power transmission component damaged as starting point.Accordingly, it would be desirable to the content of O is constrained into less than 0.005%.The content of O It is more few better, therefore preferably less than 0.002%, so be preferably in the case of with the high life as target 0.0015% with Under.
P：Less than 0.025%
P segregates to crystal boundary and causes toughness reduction, it is therefore desirable to reduces as far as possible, is constrained to less than 0.025%.
The remainder of mother metal is Fe and impurity.Impurity refers to the material being mixed into by the raw material and manufacturing environment of steel.
Then, the regulation reason of pair chemical composition that can arbitrarily contain is illustrated.
[steel intensified element]
Nb：Less than 0.3%
Nb is that have the element with Al identical effects.That is, Nb is nitride to be formed in tufftride, increases the total of top layer N concentration, in high-frequency quenching some or all of nitride solutionizing so as to increase the element of the solid solution N concentration on top layer.Separately Outward, even if in high-frequency quenching in the presence of the nitride of not solutionizing, due to being dispersed in steel, therefore being also effectively facilitated The effect of the grain refined of austenite structure during high-frequency quenching treatment.Additionally, it is also effective first for improving machinability Element.However, during containing having more than 0.3% Nb, its effect can saturation and damage economy.Nb contents when therefore, containing Nb set It is set to less than 0.3%.In order to stably obtain the effect above, the content of Nb is preferably set to more than 0.005%.
Ti：Less than 0.3%
Ti is with the element with Al identical effects.That is, Ti is nitride to be formed in tufftride, increases the total of top layer N concentration, in high-frequency quenching some or all of nitride solutionizing so as to increase the element of the solid solution N concentration on top layer.Separately Outward, even if in high-frequency quenching in the presence of the nitride of not solutionizing, due to being dispersed in steel, therefore being also effectively facilitated The effect of the grain refined of austenite structure during high-frequency quenching treatment.However, when the content of Ti is more than 0.3%, precipitate coarsening And make steel brittle.Ti contents when therefore, containing Ti are set as less than 0.3%.In order to stably obtain the effect above, Ti's contains Amount is preferably set to more than 0.005%.
V：Less than 1.0%
V is with the element with Al identical effects.That is, V is nitride to be formed in tufftride, increases total N on top layer Concentration, in high-frequency quenching some or all of nitride solutionizing so as to increase the element of the solid solution N concentration on top layer.Separately Outward, even if in high-frequency quenching in the presence of the nitride of not solutionizing, due to being dispersed in steel, therefore being also effectively facilitated The effect of the grain refined of austenite structure during high-frequency quenching treatment.However, during containing having more than 1.0% V, its effect saturation and have Damage economy.V content when therefore, containing V is set as less than 1.0%.In order to stably obtain the effect above, the content of V is excellent Choosing is set as more than 0.01%.
W：Less than 0.5%
W is with the element with Al identical effects.That is, W is nitride to be formed in tufftride, increases total N on top layer Concentration, in high-frequency quenching some or all of nitride solutionizing so as to increase the element of the solid solution N concentration on top layer.Separately Outward, even if in high-frequency quenching in the presence of the nitride of not solutionizing, due to being dispersed in steel, therefore being also effectively facilitated The effect of the grain refined of austenite structure during high-frequency quenching treatment.Additionally, reducing the ferrite as the preceding tissue of high-frequency quenching Divide rate, improve hardening energy during high-frequency quenching.When the content of W is more than 0.5%, machinability deteriorate, and then effect saturation and damage Economy.W content when therefore, containing W is set as less than 0.5%.In order to stably obtain the effect above, the content of W is preferred It is set as more than 0.03%.
[quenching degree raising element]
Ni：Less than 3.0%
Ni improves quenching degree, and then improves toughness.When the content of Ni is more than 3.0%, machinability is deteriorated.Therefore, Ni is contained When Ni contents be set as less than 3.0%.In order to stably obtain the effect above, the content of Ni be preferably set to 0.01% with On.
Cu：Less than 3.0%
Cu reinforced ferrites, it is also effective for improving quenching degree, raising corrosion resistance.During containing having more than 3.0% Cu, in machine Tool property this respect effect saturation.Cu contents when therefore, containing Cu are set as less than 3.0%.In order to stably obtain above-mentioned Effect, the content of Cu is preferably set to more than 0.01%.The reason for Cu reduction hot ductilitys, defect when easily becoming rolling, because This preferably contains simultaneously with Ni.
Co：Less than 3.0%
Co is favorably improved quenching degree.During more than 3.0%, its effect saturation.Co contents when therefore, containing Co are set as Less than 3.0%.In order to stably obtain the effect above, the content of Co is preferably set to more than 0.01%.
Mo：Less than 1.0%
Mo except with by improve top layer temper softening resist come the effect for improving face pressure fatigue strength in addition to, also have There is the effect for making hardened layer Strengthening and Toughening to improve bending fatigue strength.During containing having more than 1.0% Mo, its effect saturation and damage Economy.Mo contents when therefore, containing Mo are set as less than 1.0%.In order to stably obtain the effect above, the content of Mo is excellent Choosing is set as more than 0.01%.
B：Less than 0.005%
B is favorably improved quenching degree.During more than 0.005%, its effect saturation.B content when therefore, containing B is set as Less than 0.005%.In order to stably obtain the effect above, the content of B is preferably set to more than 0.0006%.
[machinability raising element]
In the case of also requiring machinability in creation section, containing selected from Ca, Mg, Zr, Te, Pb, REM it is a kind of with On.
Ca：Less than 0.01%, Mg：Less than 0.01%, Zr：Less than 0.05%, Te：Less than 0.1%, Pb：Less than 0.5%, REM：Less than 0.005%
These elements suppress the extension of MnS or exist in brittle phase form, thus improve machinability.In order to assign these effects Really, containing selected from Ca：Less than 0.01%, Mg：Less than 0.01%, Zr：Less than 0.05%, Te：Less than 0.1%, Pb：0.5% with Lower and REM：It is more than at least one in less than 0.005%.REM refers to rare earth element.For each element, even if containing Amount exceed higher limit, its effect also saturation and damage economy.Ca when therefore, by containing Ca, Mg, Zr, Te, Pb and REM, Mg, Zr, Te, Pb and REM content are respectively set as less than 0.01%, less than 0.01%, less than 0.05%, less than 0.1%, Less than 0.5% and less than 0.005%.In order to stably obtain the effect above, during containing Ca, Mg, Zr, Te, Pb and REM Ca, Mg, Zr, Te, Pb and REM content are preferably set to more than 0.0005%.
Then, to the solid solution N concentration from surface to 0.2mm depth and 300 DEG C be tempered after from surface to 0.2mm depth Vickers hardness illustrate.Hereinafter, the solid solution N concentration from surface to 0.2mm depth is referred to as " the solid solution N concentration on top layer ". In addition, being referred to as " 300 DEG C of tempering hardnesses on top layer " from surface to the Vickers hardness of 0.2mm depth after being tempered at 300 DEG C.
The solid solution N concentration on top layer is the N amounts as contained by the total N content in steel deducts the nitride such as AlN, NbN, TiN and VN The value of gained.The solid solution N amounts on top layer are calculated as follows：Total N content is carried out by inertness gas melting-thermal conductivity method While measure, with indophenols absorbance method to being SPEED methods by the potentiostatic deposition etch based on non-aqueous solvent electrolyte And the residue that 0.1 μm of filter electroextraction goes out determines N amounts in nitride, is calculated by following mathematical expressions (2).
(solid solution N amounts)=(total N content)-(N amounts in nitride) (2)
When to being measured to the region of 0.2mm depth from surface, considered to be worth doing to excision during 0.2mm using machining and made To determine sample.Wherein, the influence that the temperature come to suppress heating tape during by machining rises, excision bits needs can not See tempering colour.
The inventors of the present invention cause that the chemical composition of tufftride condition, high-frequency quenching condition and steel changes, and make The solid solution N change in concentration on the top layer after high-frequency quenching is obtained, 300 DEG C of tempering to being tempered 60 minutes top layers afterwards at 300 DEG C are hard Degree is studied.As a result, confirming：Solid solution N concentration on top layer is 0.05%~1.5% scope, and top layer is consolidated Molten N concentration is higher, and 300 DEG C of tempering hardnesses on top layer are higher.
The N in martensite is solid-solution in the same manner as C, is present in crystal in the form of substituted type solid solution atom, thus had Help solution strengthening, dislocation strengthening, improve intensity.When being tempered for 300 DEG C, solid solution C carbide precipitates, consolidating in martensite The reduction of molten C concentration, thus steel intensity decreases.On the other hand, because N-dimensional holds solid solution condition, even if therefore being returned at 300 DEG C Fire, steel also maintains high intensity.Thus, compared with the part for only implementing carburizing and quenching, only implementing high-frequency quenching, implement soft 300 DEG C of tempering hardnesses of the part of nitridation and high-frequency quenching are higher.
When the solid solution N concentration on top layer is less than 0.05%, the raising of 300 DEG C of tempering hardnesses on top layer diminishes, face fatigue strength It is low.In order to obtain 300 DEG C of tempering hardnesses on sufficiently high top layer, preferably more than 0.10%.The solid solution N concentration on top layer exceedes When 1.5%, martensite start temperature reduction during cooling, the retained austenite after high-frequency quenching uprises.As a result, logical Cross the increase of the solid solution N concentration on top layer, the hardness on the top layer after quenching and the 300 of top layer DEG C of degree ratios of tempering hardness reduction More than improving.Therefore, face fatigue strength reduction can be caused on the contrary.
300 DEG C of tempering hardnesses on top layer are set as 600 above is because following reason：In 300 DEG C of tempering hardnesses on top layer For more than 600 depth be than from surface 0.2mm it is more shallow in the case of, steel part cannot bear loaded face pressure, can produce Fatigue rupture.
Then, effective case depth is illustrated.
Effective case depth t specifies in JIS G0559.In steel part of the invention, effective case depth t is More than 0.5mm, and meet following [1] formulas.
t/r≤0.35 [1]
Wherein, t is effective case depth (mm), and r is the radius of damaged dangerous position or the half (mm) of wall thickness
It is in order that effective case depth is big with part as the r of the half of the radius or wall thickness of damaged dangerous position Small relativization and the index that has used.Damaged dangerous position refers to the dangerouse cross-section in design, for shaft-like as rotary shaft It is that smallest diameter portion, the radius (when section is for circle) of the cross-section of stress concentration maximum or the half of wall thickness (are cut for part When face is square).For geared parts, the part being depicted with arrows in Fig. 1 is damaged dangerous position (endurance failure portion) 1,2r is wall thickness 2.
By reduce the ratio i.e. effective case depth in the region of austenitizing during high-frequency heating and part size it Than so that the compressive residual stress of near surface increases, and quenching strain can be reduced.
When effective hardness layer is deepened, the not only compressive residual stress reduction of near surface, and generation hardening crack can be turned into Reason, therefore the upper limit of [1] formula is set as 0.35.For example, the big roller test film used in roller pitting fatigue test In, in the case where effective case depth is set as into 40mm for 65mm relative to radius, occur on surface during high-frequency quenching Hardening crack.In order to further improve the compressive residual stress of near surface, preferably less than 0.3.
The reasons why lower limit that [1] formula should be specified, does not rely on the size of part.Therefore, lower limit is not with [1] formula The form of limit, but specified by the way that effective case depth is set as into more than 0.5mm.When effective case depth shoals, Even if can also produce shear stress high in core, cracked between hardened layer and core, crack growth and cause peeling. From security consideration, effective case depth is preferably set to more than 0.75mm.
For tufftride treatment temperature, because the temperature more reduction process time is more long, therefore it is set as more than 500 DEG C. On the other hand, tufftride treatment temperature is more than A1Heat treatment strain becomes big during point, therefore is set smaller than the A of steel1Point.
Cooling after tufftride treatment can by letting cool, air cooling, gas cooling, the either method in oil cooling etc. come Carry out.
Processed as tufftride, it is also possible to which the N under any atmosphere in suitable gas atmosphere, salt bath, electric field invades method. Additionally, not only tufftride treatment, can also be applicable at nitrogen treatment (be not accompanied by the intrusion of C and make the treatment of N intrusions), oxynitriding Reason (nitrogen treatment+oxidation processes).
Heating means when implementing high-frequency quenching need the solid solution N concentration for considering top layer to determine.Top layer can be realized Solid solution N concentration be 0.05~1.5% high-frequency heating temperature be more than 950 DEG C.High-frequency heating temperature is higher, the solid solution N on top layer Concentration is bigger, but set excessively high temperature when coarse grains, parts precision reduction, therefore high-frequency heating temperature due to strain It is set as less than 1200 DEG C.Preferred high-frequency heating temperature is 950~1050 DEG C, more preferably 960~980 DEG C.
During the underfrequency of high-frequency heating, it is impossible to take into account heating-up temperature, case depth and the Available Hardened Depth of target Degree.When frequency is too high, industrially become difficult to achieve in the performance of device.The frequency setting of high-frequency heating be 100~ 300kHz。
Effective case depth depends on the size of part.So that effective case depth is more than 0.5mm and expires When the mode of foot [1] formula is suitably adjusted, the heat time is mainly adjusted.For example, being used in roller pitting fatigue test Small roller radius in the case of 13mm, if being 200KHz by frequency setting and high-frequency heating temperature is set as 950 DEG C, Effective case depth deviates [1] formula, therefore be set as less than 20 seconds more than 4.55mm when heat time is 25 seconds.The opposing party Face, when the heat time is less than 0.7 second under identical condition, effective case depth is below 0.5mm, therefore is set as 0.7 More than second.
After high-frequency quenching, it is possible to implement the mechanicalness Surface hardening treatment such as peening.
Tufftride, high-frequency heating and quenching can repeatedly be implemented.
Embodiment
Then, embodiments of the invention are illustrated.The condition of embodiment is to confirm exploitativeness of the invention And effect and an example using, the present invention is not limited to this example.The present invention is without departing from master of the invention Purport, reaches the purpose of the present invention, so that it may use various conditions.
To each steel with the chemical composition shown in table 1, after being heated to 1250 DEG C, let cool to room after carrying out warm and hot forging Temperature, is then reheated, and normalizing one hour is implemented at 850 DEG C.Afterwards, in order to be used for roller pitting fatigue test piece, by machinery Processing and fabricating have a diameter of 26mm, width be 28mm cylindrical portion small roller test film and a diameter of 130mm, width be The big roller test film of 18mm.And then, it is hardness, the residual stress analysis test film of 100mm to make a diameter of 26mm, length.
In addition to embodiment 30,31, tufftride treatment and high-frequency quenching are implemented to small roller and big roller.Tufftride Treatment is carried out as follows：With 600 DEG C of holding stipulated times in tufftride atmosphere, then cooled down in nitrogen.Tufftride processes institute The composition of the gas for using is N2(0.45Nm3/ hour)+NH3(0.5Nm3/ hour)+CO2(0.05Nm3/ hour)；With regard to tufftride For time, embodiment 1~25,28,29,32~34 is set as 2 hours, and embodiment 26 is set as 0.5 hour, and embodiment 27 sets It is set to 5 hours.Then tufftride treatment, high-frequency quenching is implemented with the condition shown in table 2.Refrigerant during high-frequency quenching is used certainly Water or polymer quenching agent.Then, the temper of 60 minutes is carried out at 150 DEG C, for fatigue test.
Embodiment 30 does not carry out tufftride treatment, only implements high-frequency quenching.In addition, embodiment 31 is only with above-mentioned condition reality Tufftride treatment (the tufftride time is 2 hours) is applied, high-frequency quenching is not carried out.
Using made big roller and small roller, carry out as the roller spot corrosion fatigue examination of standard face fatigue test Test.Roller pitting fatigue test is carried out as follows：Face pressure is set as that Hertz(ian) stress i.e. 3500MPa comes to the big rolling of small roller pressing Post, so as to be same direction by the peripheral speed direction setting of two rollers on contact site, -40% (big rolling is set as by sliding rate 40%) peripheral speed of the contact site of post and carries out its rotation than the big of small roller.Supply the oil of the gear oil of contact site Temperature is set as 80 DEG C.Lifetime settings are the revolution that small roller produces the small roller untill spot corrosion.Detect that the generation of spot corrosion is entered as follows OK：The vibrometer that testing machine is equipped stops the rotation of two rollers when detecting vibration, then carry out range estimation and confirm to confirm to be It is no to have spot corrosion.In addition, experiment cut-off number of times is set as 10,000,000 times (107It is secondary).
With with small roller and big roller identical condition, to residual stress analysis test film implement tufftride treatment and High-frequency quenching, tempering.The measure of N concentration has used the above method.Electrolytic polishing to 0.01mm depth is carried out, is come using X-ray Determine the residual stress of 0.01mm depth.In addition, using residual stress analysis test film, the tempering of 60 minutes is implemented at 300 DEG C Treatment, after shear sectional plane, is distributed by Vickers with the hardness that 0.1mm spacing is determined from surface to core.
As shown in table 2, the life-span in roller pitting fatigue test of embodiment 1~25 is 10,000,000 times (107It is secondary) more than, It is the good result with excellent face fatigue strength (fatigue test life-span high).
For example, embodiment 1 is due to the compressive residual stress that the solid solution N concentration on top layer is 0.20%, near surface 433MPa, therefore 300 DEG C of tempering hardnesses on top layer are excellent, the compressive residual stress of near surface high shown, so roller point The life-span is more than 10,000,000 times in erosion fatigue test, obtains good face fatigue strength.
Embodiment 26,27 is the solid solution N deviation of concentration example of the invention on the top layer after high-frequency quenching.The steel of embodiment 26 Material is same as Example 1, but the time of tufftride treatment is short.Therefore, the solid solution N concentration on top layer is not up to 0.05%, top layer 300 DEG C of tempering hardnesses show low value less than Hv600, short life.The steel of embodiment 27 are same as Example 4, but soft The time of nitrogen treatment is long.Thus, more than 1.5%, retained austenite largely exists the solid solution N concentration on top layer, therefore top layer 300 DEG C of tempering hardnesses are low, so during due to quenching Volume Changes are small and the reduction of the compressive residual stress of near surface, so the longevity Life is short.
Embodiment 28,29 is that t/r, effective case depth t after high-frequency quenching are outside the scope of the present invention.Fatigue examination Testing the life-span is unsatisfactory for 10,000,000 times.The frequency of the high-frequency heating of embodiment 28 is low, and the heat time is long.Therefore, although steel with Embodiment 1 is identical, but relative to experiment plate shape effective case depth depth, the compressive residual stress of near surface is reduced, Short life.The high-frequency heating time of embodiment 29 is short.Therefore, although steel are same as Example 3, but effective case depth It is shallow, peel off, short life.
Embodiment 30 is the example that the steel same as Example 5 to chemical composition only implement high-frequency quenching.Top layer is consolidated Molten N concentration there's almost no, the compressive residual stress reduction of 300 DEG C of tempering hardnesses and near surface on top layer, short life.
Embodiment 31 is that the steel same as Example 5 to chemical composition only implement tufftride treatment, high frequency is not carried out quenches The example of fire.300 DEG C of tempering hardnesses on top layer are low, short life.
The concentration of the C of embodiment 32 is less than the scope of the present invention, and enough hardness is not obtained after high-frequency quenching.Therefore, though The solid solution N concentration on right top layer, t/r are in the scope of the present invention, but short life.
Embodiment 33 is that the condition of the steel change high-frequency quenching same as Example 3 to chemical composition carrys out implement heat treatment Example.High-frequency heating temperature step-down, solid solution N concentration step-downs, therefore 300 DEG C of tempering hardnesses on top layer are low, short life.
Symbol description
1 damaged dangerous position (endurance failure portion)
2 wall thickness (2r)

Claims (2)

1. the excellent tufftride high-frequency quenching steel part of a kind of face fatigue strength, it is characterised in that the chemical composition of mother metal is with matter Amount % meters contain C：0.30~0.80%, Si：0.20~2.5%, Mn：0.35~2.0%, Al：0.001~2.0%, Cr： 0.01~3.0%, S：Less than 0.040%, N：0.0030~0.02%, and O and P be limited to O respectively：Less than 0.005%, P：Less than 0.025%, remainder be Fe and impurity,
Solid solution N concentration from surface to 0.2mm depth is 0.05~1.5%, and the solid solution N concentration is based on by contained in steel What the value in total N content deduction nitride obtained by contained N amounts was calculated,
After being tempered at 300 DEG C is more than HV600 from surface to the Vickers hardness of 0.2mm depth,
Effective case depth t is more than 0.5mm, and the half of the radius of damaged dangerous position or wall thickness is being set as into r When, t/r≤0.35, wherein, the unit of r is mm.
2. tufftride high-frequency quenching steel part according to claim 1, it is characterised in that contain Nb in terms of quality %： Less than 0.3%, Ti：Less than 0.3%, V：Less than 1.0%, Ni：Less than 3.0%, Cu：Less than 3.0%, Co：Less than 3.0%, Mo： Less than 1.0%, W：Less than 0.5%, B：Less than 0.005%, Ca：Less than 0.01%, Mg：Less than 0.01%, Zr：0.05% with Under, Te：Less than 0.1%, Pb：Less than 0.5%, REM：One or more in less than 0.005% replace the change of mother metal Learn a part of the Fe of composition.
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