CN104923783A - Method forming high-melting-point high temperature alloy part via multi-laser head multi-laser beam path scanning - Google Patents
Method forming high-melting-point high temperature alloy part via multi-laser head multi-laser beam path scanning Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method forming a high-melting-point high temperature alloy part via multi-laser head multi-laser beam path scanning .First, metal powder is scanned by a first laser beam with power less than 200 W and short wavelength less than 1100 or long wavelength more than 10000nm in advance along a scanning path; the laser power is controlled, so pre-heat temperature is lower than a melting point of the metal powder; then a second laser beam with power no less than 200W and wavelength smaller than 1100nm to keep up with a moving direction of the first laser beam to repeatedly scan at the same linear moving speed; clockwise circular scanning surrounding the track center is conducted; a semi-annular high temperature field A is provided for the metal powder; a third laser beam keeps up with the moving direction of the first laser beam to repeatedly scan at the same linear moving speed; anticlockwise circular scanning surrounding the track center is conducted; a semi-annular high temperature field B is provided for the metal powder; a fourth laser beam keeps up with the scanning paths of the third and second laser beams to repeatedly scan at the same linear speed; an intersected area between the annular temperature field A and annular temperature field B is heated; and heat processing is conducted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to many laser heads multi-laser beam path scanning shaping high-melting-point high temperature alloy part method, local preheating/thawing/stress equilibrium/the heat treatment process of high-melting-point, superalloy powder can be realized, be suitable for high-melting-point, high temperature alloy part fast precise is shaped.
Background technology
High-melting-point, high temperature alloy are the high-temperature alloy materials adding other elements certain with the refractory metal such as tungsten, molybdenum and formed, usual fusing point is up to about 3000 DEG C compared with conventional alloys material, therefore be difficult to casting and smelt, the machine-shaping of many employing powder metallurgy process.And powder metallurgy is difficult to any complicated shape part of straight forming, need to carry out machined and subsequent heat treatment, not only operation is numerous and diverse but also efficiency is low, waste of material is large, need mould simultaneously, cause demoulding difficulty, cost higher.Existing metal melt rapid three dimensional printing forming method also cannot solve this kind of high-melting-point, the thawing of superalloy powder and coagulation forming problem.
In prior art, patent " a kind of fusion of metal powder of three beams of laser compound scanning quick forming method " 200910304631.1 proposes a kind of method for fast mfg of three beams of laser compound scanning, the method uses three beams of laser compound scanning, namely utilize long wavelength laser preheating, short wavelength laser fusing, again by long wavelength laser heat treatment, thus the preheating of metal dust, fusing, heat treatment recombination process can be realized.This three beams of laser compound scanning mode can reduce the internal stress etc. of metal parts.But the local preheating/thawing/stress equilibrium/heat treatment process of high-melting-point, superalloy powder can not met.Patent " a kind of adopt the method for laser forming refractory metal parts " 201010042776.1 proposes a kind of method using refractory metal powder finished parts, selective laser melting rapid shaping technique shapingly to be combined with powder sintered, this patent just proposes general laser formation process, there is no pre-treatment preheating and last handling process, there is certain difficulty and problem in the melting of fusing high-melting-point superalloy powder.
One many laser heads multi-laser beam path scanning shaping high-melting-point high temperature alloy part method provided by the invention, high-melting-point superalloy powder melting difficulty can be solved, solidify the large shortcoming of residual stress, realize high-melting-point high temperature alloy fusing high accuracy quick three-dimensional printing shaping.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention is intended to solve existing metal dust and melts rapid shaping melts difficulty, forming shape low precision problem at high-melting-point superalloy powder, a kind of many laser heads multi-laser beam path scanning shaping high-melting-point high temperature alloy part method is proposed, the method can complete preheating continuously, solidifies in high-melting-point high temperature alloy part forming process, residual stress balance and heat treatment process, realizes high-melting-point high temperature alloy part quick high accuracy and is shaped.
In order to reach foregoing invention object, the invention provides a kind of many laser heads multi-laser beam path scanning shaping high-melting-point high temperature alloy part method, step comprises: first utilize power to be less than 200W short wavelength and be less than 1100nm or long wavelength and be greater than the first laser beam a of 10000nm in advance along scanning pattern scanning metal dust, improve metal dust temperature, and control laser power and make preheat temperature lower than the fusing point of metal dust; Next utilize power to be not less than second laser beam b that 200W wavelength is less than 1100nm with same straight line translational speed immediately following the first laser beam a moving direction multiple scanning, and do clockwise circular scanning around track centers, for metal dust provides semicircular temperature field A; Again utilize power to be not less than the 3rd laser beam c that 200W wavelength is less than 1100nm with same straight line translational speed immediately following the first laser beam a moving direction multiple scanning, and do counterclockwise circular scanning, for metal dust provides semicircular temperature field B around track centers; Finally utilize power to be less than 200W short wavelength and be less than the 4th laser beam d that 1100nm or wavelength be greater than 10000nm with identical speed immediately following the scanned path multiple scanning of the second laser beam b, the 3rd laser beam c, the temperature field of ring-type temperature field A, ring-type temperature field B intersecting area is heated, realizes heat treatment.
Further, described long wavelength laser adopts CO
2laser, described short wavelength laser adopts YAG laser or optical fiber laser to send.
In some embodiments, the first laser beam, the 4th laser beam laser power are 55W, sweep speed is 100mm/s, and the power of the second laser beam, the 3rd laser beam is 400W, sweep speed is 100mm/s.
Specifically, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) be shaped for high-melting-point high-temperature metal, without the need to mould, there is technical process controllability strong, without the need to post processing, simple, the feature of wiping complicated shape can be manufactured.
(2) two bundle short-wave lasers can provide the melt temperature needed for high-melting-point high-temperature metal, and the route matching of two bundle laser can make balanced temperature field simultaneously, reduces the residual stress after solidifying.
(3) two bundle long wave laser realize preheating and post processing respectively, are conducive to shaping efficiency and the forming accuracy of high-melting-point high-temperature metal part.
By reference to the accompanying drawings, according to hereafter illustrate that the description of purport of the present invention can know other aspects of the present invention and advantage by example.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By reading the detailed description done non-limiting example done with reference to the following drawings, other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more obvious:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of many laser heads multi-laser beam path scanning shaping high-melting-point high temperature alloy part method;
Fig. 2 is that many laser heads multi-laser beam path scanning shaping high-melting-point high temperature alloy part method implements schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Now by describing in detail according to preferred embodiment of the present invention, to be further elaborated the present invention.
First; 3D sculpting software is adopted to design the cad model of described part in a computer; then by slicing treatment software, the cad model of described part is generated multilayer wall information save as stl file, the data of described stl file are sent in the computer of selective laser melting rapid forming system middle berth powder system; In described selective laser melting rapid forming system, the paving powder system one deck that tiles on workbench is about the high-melting-point high-temperature metal powder to be processed of 0.05-0.2mm thickness.
As shown in Figure 1, according to many laser heads multi-laser beam path of the present invention scanning shaping high-melting-point high temperature alloy part method, adopt power power to be less than 200W short wavelength in step S101 and be less than 1100nm or long wavelength is greater than 10000nm(as long wavelength laser CO
2laser) laser beam that sends carries out preheating to high-melting-point high-temperature metal powder;
In step S102 ~ S103, adopting the YAG laser of two more than power 200W or optical fiber laser to send two bundle short wavelength lasers by sweep speed is that the bi-directional synchronization of 20-300mm/s or the scanning of asynchronous circular arc path form temperature field and melts and solidify described high-melting-point superalloy powder powder to be processed;
In step S104, adopt laser power power to be less than 200W short wavelength and be less than 1100nm or long wavelength is greater than 10000nm(as long wavelength laser
laser) laser beam that sends heat-treats high-melting-point high-temperature metal powder.
After completing, above-mentioned steps S101 ~ S104 can be repeated, high-melting-point high-temperature metal powder to be processed successively be melted according to the shape of section each in stl file, is piled into part
In a particular embodiment, select that particle diameter is 30 microns, spherical TZM molybdenum based high-temperature alloy powder carries out SLM shaping, restraint laser compound scanning by three laser heads four, object be prepare that warpage is little, even tissue, distortion is little, stress is little metal parts.The first step designs parts pattern by Three-dimensional CAD Softwares such as PROE, second step is undertaken processing by Slice Software and routing software and then transfers STL data format to, 3rd step SLM equipment imports data format, and form process, every one deck specific works path is as follows:
Composition graphs 2; use laser power power to be less than 200W short wavelength and be less than 1100nm or long wavelength is greater than 10000nm laser as beam of laser 2; setting laser power is 55W, sweep speed is 100mm/s; carry out path scanning by track in advance, scanning preheating is carried out to TZM molybdenum based high-temperature alloy powder bed 1;
Use short wavelength optical fiber laser as the second bundle laser 3, setting laser power is 400W, sweep speed is 100mm/s, carry out scanning fusing along set scanning pattern, and do clockwise circular scanning around track centers, for metal dust provides semicircular temperature field A7; Use short wavelength optical fiber laser as three beams of laser 4 simultaneously, setting laser power is 400W, sweep speed is 100mm/s, carry out scanning fusing along set scanning pattern, and do counterclockwise circular scanning, for metal dust provides semicircular temperature field B8 around track centers; Second bundle laser 3 and three beams of laser 4 is synchronous or asynchronous working fusing high-melting-point TZM molybdenum based high-temperature alloy.
Use laser power power to be less than 200W short wavelength and be less than 1100nm or long wavelength is greater than 10000nm laser as the 4th bundle laser 5, setting laser power is 55W, sweep speed is 100mm/s, for metal dust provides temperature field 9(semicircular temperature field A7 and semicircular temperature field B8 intersecting area), carry out scanning calorimeter process along scanning pattern.
By successively shaping, above-mentioned steps cyclic process is shaped, and be finally shaped high-quality high-melting-point TZM molybdenum based high-temperature alloy part.
To those skilled in the art, obviously the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, and when not deviating from spirit of the present invention or essential characteristic, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.
Claims (5)
1. the multi-laser beam of laser head more than a path scanning shaping high-melting-point high temperature alloy part method, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
A () utilizes power to be less than 200W short wavelength to be less than 1100nm or long wavelength and to be greater than the first laser beam a of 10000nm in advance along scanning pattern scanning metal dust, improve metal dust temperature, and control laser power and make preheat temperature lower than the fusing point of metal dust;
(b) utilize power to be not less than second laser beam b that 200W wavelength is less than 1100nm with same straight line translational speed immediately following the first laser beam a moving direction multiple scanning, and do clockwise circular scanning around track centers, for metal dust provides semicircular temperature field A;
(c) utilize power to be not less than the 3rd laser beam c that 200W wavelength is less than 1100nm with same straight line translational speed immediately following the first laser beam a moving direction multiple scanning, and do counterclockwise circular scanning, for metal dust provides semicircular temperature field B around track centers;
D () utilizes power to be less than 200W short wavelength to be less than the 4th laser beam d that 1100nm or long wavelength be greater than 10000nm with identical speed immediately following the scanned path multiple scanning of the second laser beam b, the 3rd laser beam c, the temperature field of ring-type temperature field A, ring-type temperature field B intersecting area is heated, realizes heat treatment.
2. many laser heads multi-laser beam path scanning shaping high-melting-point high temperature alloy part method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described long wavelength laser adopts CO
2laser.
3. many laser heads multi-laser beam path scanning shaping high-melting-point high temperature alloy part method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described short wavelength laser adopts YAG laser or optical fiber laser to send.
4. many laser heads multi-laser beam path according to claim 1 scanning shaping high-melting-point high temperature alloy part method, is characterized in that, described first laser beam, the 4th laser beam laser power are 55W, sweep speed is 100mm/s.
5. many laser heads multi-laser beam path according to claim 1 scanning shaping high-melting-point high temperature alloy part method, is characterized in that, the power of described second laser beam, the 3rd laser beam is 400W, sweep speed is 100mm/s.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105880591A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-08-24 | 北京隆源自动成型***有限公司 | Selective laser forming metal powder preheating method and device |
| CN107574433A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2018-01-12 | 张家港创博金属科技有限公司 | Multiple laser prepares metal coating method |
| CN108339982A (en) * | 2018-03-24 | 2018-07-31 | 安徽拓宝增材制造科技有限公司 | A kind of more laser compound scanning techniques |
| CN108994452A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-12-14 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | A kind of multiple beam processes light path system and its method with optical axis |
| CN109465447A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-03-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing method and apparatus of three laser assisteds preheating slow cooling |
| CN109622965A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-16 | 西安智熔金属打印***有限公司 | Electron beam selective melting shapes pre-heating scan method |
| CN110315075A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-10-11 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of synchronization laser heat treatment method of laser gain material manufacture nickel base superalloy |
| CN113039029A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2021-06-25 | 普兰西股份有限公司 | Refractory metal component produced by additive method, additive method and powder |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105880591A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-08-24 | 北京隆源自动成型***有限公司 | Selective laser forming metal powder preheating method and device |
| CN107574433A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2018-01-12 | 张家港创博金属科技有限公司 | Multiple laser prepares metal coating method |
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| CN113039029A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2021-06-25 | 普兰西股份有限公司 | Refractory metal component produced by additive method, additive method and powder |
| CN109465447A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-03-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing method and apparatus of three laser assisteds preheating slow cooling |
| CN109622965A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-16 | 西安智熔金属打印***有限公司 | Electron beam selective melting shapes pre-heating scan method |
| CN110315075A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-10-11 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of synchronization laser heat treatment method of laser gain material manufacture nickel base superalloy |
| CN110315075B (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2022-01-07 | 西北工业大学 | Synchronous laser heat treatment method for manufacturing nickel-based high-temperature alloy through laser additive |
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