CN105880591A - Selective laser forming metal powder preheating method and device - Google Patents

Selective laser forming metal powder preheating method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105880591A
CN105880591A CN201610300883.7A CN201610300883A CN105880591A CN 105880591 A CN105880591 A CN 105880591A CN 201610300883 A CN201610300883 A CN 201610300883A CN 105880591 A CN105880591 A CN 105880591A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
laser
product
scanning system
laser beam
hot spot
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN201610300883.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
普雄鹰
李全贵
袁晓鑫
徐春丽
王林
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BEIJING LONGYUAN AUTOMATIC MOLDING SYSTEM Co Ltd
Original Assignee
BEIJING LONGYUAN AUTOMATIC MOLDING SYSTEM Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BEIJING LONGYUAN AUTOMATIC MOLDING SYSTEM Co Ltd filed Critical BEIJING LONGYUAN AUTOMATIC MOLDING SYSTEM Co Ltd
Priority to CN201610300883.7A priority Critical patent/CN105880591A/en
Publication of CN105880591A publication Critical patent/CN105880591A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/41—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
    • B22F10/362—Process control of energy beam parameters for preheating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
    • B22F12/17—Auxiliary heating means to heat the build chamber or platform
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/44—Radiation means characterised by the configuration of the radiation means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/49—Scanners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
    • B22F12/63—Rollers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention provides a selective laser forming metal powder preheating method and device. The device comprises a substrate heating device on a forming cylinder piston. Before machining starts, the substrate heating device preheats a substrate to preset temperature, heating is conducted by carrying out laser scanning on metal powder on the section of a workpiece after powder laying and machining, and accordingly the metal powder is preheated. Thus, thermal stress and thermal deformation of the workpiece can be greatly reduced, gas residues among powder can be greatly reduced, and accordingly the aim of improving precision, surface quality and mechanical performance of the workpiece is achieved.

Description

Precinct laser forming metal powder pre-heating process and device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of precinct laser forming metal powder pre-heating process and device, belong to increasing material and manufacture field.
Background technology
It is the most cognitive and fast-developing that 3D printing technique obtains people recently, wherein metal dust precinct laser sintering technology It is the most with fastest developing speed, most active forming technique, can directly print metal parts.Owing to laser scorification metal dust is One metallurgical process, the precision of product, surface quality and mechanical performance not only have with metal dust quality and laser technical parameters Close, but also and in the course of processing, between thermal stress, thermal deformation and powder, gas residue has much relations, metal powder in the course of processing End preheating can effectively reduce thermograde, reduces thermal stress and the thermal deformation of processing workpiece, be effectively improved product precision and Surface quality.At present, precinct laser forming metal powder preheating mainly substrate heating, generally heat the substrate in 200 DEG C, Only product floor portions there is is certain effect, along with product height increases, affect more and more less.If this heating means are by temperature Degree heating is too high, will cause the outer unsintered powder agglomates of laser of product, and put to no little inconvenience to follow-up powder-processed, even lead Causing powder cannot use, processing cost increases suddenly.If can successively local preheating at Laser Processing, system not only can be greatly reduced Part thermal stress and thermal deformation, but also between powder gas residue can be greatly reduced, improve product mechanical performance, bring very to product Big benefit.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of precinct laser forming metal powder pre-heating process and device, this metal dust Pre-heating mean and device can realize successively local preheating at Laser Processing, to be greatly reduced product thermal stress and thermal deformation and Between powder gas residue is greatly reduced, thus reaches to improve part accuracy, surface quality and the purpose of mechanical performance.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of precinct laser forming metal powder pre-heating process of offer and dress Putting, it includes the substrate heating equipment 4 on moulding cylinder piston 3, is preheated by substrate 5 by substrate heating equipment 4 before starting processing Processing is started to predetermined temperature, it is characterised in that: described metal dust preheating realizes also by LASER HEATING, including by laser Device 8a launches laser beam or is emitted directly toward scanning galvanometer 10a, or injects scanning galvanometer 10a after beam expanding lens 9a expands, at paving powder After completing, scanning galvanometer 10a laser beam slightly larger for high-energy hot spot is thrown on the powder face of just paving, and press product 7 sectional view Being scanned, product sectional view metal dust is preheated, the most again by accurately gathering by the laser beam slightly larger by high-energy hot spot The laser beam that burnt hot spot on working face is tiny is again scanned processing to product 7 sectional view, thus realizes metal powder End successively preheats at product section.
Described produces the slightly larger laser beam of high-energy hot spot with the laser preheating metal dust at product sectional view Scanning system and the generation vernier focusing tiny laser beam of hot spot on working face are to be again scanned adding to product sectional view The laser scanning system of work is same laser scanning system, and preheating and process laser beam energy and adjusting is by controlling laser output Power realizes, and preheating and process laser beam spot size and adjusting is to be realized by adjustment scanning galvanometer dynamic focusing parameter 's.
Described produces the slightly larger laser beam of high-energy hot spot with the laser preheating metal dust at product sectional view Scanning system and the generation vernier focusing tiny laser beam of hot spot on working face are to be again scanned adding to product sectional view The laser scanning system of work is different laser scanning system, by swashing that laser instrument 8a, scanning galvanometer 10a, beam expanding lens 9a form Photo-scanning system preheats for product section metal dust, by swashing that laser instrument 8b, scanning galvanometer 10b, beam expanding lens 9b form Photo-scanning system is used for product processing and fabricating.
A kind of metal dust precinct laser sintering forming machine, it includes frame 1, moulding cylinder 2, feeding system 13, paving powder dress Put 11, doffer 6, laser scanning system, substrate heating equipment 4, it also includes by laser instrument 8a, scanning galvanometer simultaneously The laser scanning system of 10a, beam expanding lens 9a composition, this laser scanning system the slightly larger laser beam of the high-energy hot spot that produces will At product sectional view, metal dust the most first preheats, again the most tiny by vernier focusing hot spot on working face Laser beam to product 7 sectional view again be scanned processing.
The precinct laser forming metal powder pre-heating process of the present invention and device, have a following beneficial effect:
This precinct laser forming metal powder pre-heating process and device, can realize successively local preheating at Laser Processing, Product thermal stress and thermal deformation can be greatly reduced, be effectively improved part accuracy and surface quality, owing to metal dust preheats, can Make gas residue swelling up between powder, be so effectively increased the performance of material.
With embodiment the precinct laser forming metal powder pre-heating process of the present invention and device made below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings into One step explanation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The preheating of Fig. 1 metal dust and the metal dust precinct laser sintering molding that scanning machining is same laser scanning system Machine embodiment schematic diagram；
The preheating of Fig. 2 metal dust is real from the metal dust precinct laser sintering forming machine that scanning machining is different laser scanning system Execute illustration to be intended to；；
Wherein:
1-frame；2-moulding cylinder；3-moulding cylinder piston；4-substrate heating equipment；
5-substrate；6-doffer；7-processes product；
8a-laser instrument；9a-beam expanding lens；10a-scanning galvanometer；
8b-processing laser instrument；9b-processing beam expanding lens；10b-processing scanning galvanometer；
11-power spreading device；12-work top；13-feeding device；
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, metal dust preheating is same laser scanning system with scanning machining, and before processing, first substrate adds Substrate 5 is heated to the preheating temperature required by thermal 4, starts to spread powder, then according to the pre-warmed laser power of metal dust, The parameter such as spot size, scanning speed is scanned heating to this layer cross section of product, afterwards according still further to the parameter processing product This layer cross section is scanned processing, so circulation again be repeated up to finally machine.
With reference to shown in Fig. 2, metal dust preheating and scanning machining the most all have independent laser scanning system, first before processing Substrate 5 is heated to the preheating temperature required by first substrate heating equipment 4, starts to spread powder, then by preheating laser scanning system pair This layer cross section metal dust of product is scanned heating, is again swept this layer cross section by processing laser scanning system the most again Retouching processing, so circulation is repeated up to finally machine, wherein, and laser instrument, beam expanding lens, scanning in preheating laser scanning system Galvanometer, from processing laser scanning system in laser instrument, beam expanding lens, scanning galvanometer technological parameter different, preheat laser scanning System completes metal dust preheating function simultaneously, it may also be used for contoured interior is filled, and so, can shorten process time, improves Process velocity.
Above-described is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention.It should be pointed out that, those of ordinary skill in the art is come Say, on the premise of without departing from the principle of the invention and core concept, it is also possible to make some deformation and improvement, be also considered as belonging to this The protection domain of invention.

Claims (4)

1. precinct laser forming metal powder pre-heating process and a device, it includes the substrate heating on moulding cylinder piston (3) Device (4), processes substrate (5) being preheating to predetermined temperature by substrate heating equipment (4) before starting processing, and its feature exists In: described metal dust preheating realizes also by LASER HEATING, including being launched laser beam by laser instrument (8a) or being emitted directly toward Scanning galvanometer (10a), or after beam expanding lens (9a) expands, inject scanning galvanometer (10a), after paving powder completes, by scanning galvanometer (10a) laser beam slightly larger for high-energy hot spot is thrown on the powder face of just paving, and be scanned, by height by product (7) sectional view Metal dust at product sectional view is preheated, the most again by vernier focusing on working face by the slightly larger laser beam of energy hot spot Hot spot tiny laser beam product (7) sectional view is scanned again processing, thus realize metal dust in product cross section Place successively preheats.
Precinct laser forming metal powder pre-heating process the most according to claim 1 and device, it is characterised in that: described Produce the slightly larger laser beam of high-energy hot spot with the laser scanning system that metal dust at product sectional view is preheated and generation The tiny laser beam of vernier focusing hot spot on working face to be again scanned the laser scanning system of processing to product sectional view System is same laser scanning system, preheats and processes laser beam energy adjustment and realize by controlling laser output power, Preheating and processing laser beam spot size are adjusted and are realized by adjustment scanning galvanometer dynamic focusing parameter.
Precinct laser forming metal powder pre-heating process the most according to claim 1 and device, it is characterised in that: described Produce the slightly larger laser beam of high-energy hot spot with the laser scanning system that metal dust at product sectional view is preheated and generation The tiny laser beam of vernier focusing hot spot on working face to be again scanned the laser scanning system of processing to product sectional view System is different laser scanning system, the laser scanning system being made up of laser instrument (8a), scanning galvanometer (10a), beam expanding lens (9a) System preheats for product section metal dust, the laser being made up of laser instrument (8b), scanning galvanometer (10b), beam expanding lens (9b) Scanning system is used for product processing and fabricating.
4. a metal dust precinct laser sintering forming machine, it includes frame (1), moulding cylinder (2), feeding system (13), paving Powder device (11), doffer (6), laser scanning system, substrate heating equipment (4), it is characterised in that: it also includes by swashing The laser scanning system that light device (8a), scanning galvanometer (10a), beam expanding lens (9a) form, this laser scanning system the height produced Metal dust at product sectional view is the most first preheated, the most again by vernier focusing by the slightly larger laser beam of energy hot spot The laser beam that hot spot on working face is tiny is again scanned processing to product (7) sectional view.
CN201610300883.7A 2016-05-10 2016-05-10 Selective laser forming metal powder preheating method and device Pending CN105880591A (en)

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CN106393683A (en) * 2016-12-16 2017-02-15 北京隆源自动成型***有限公司 3D printer with laser heating function
CN106424724A (en) * 2016-11-22 2017-02-22 中北大学 Selective laser melting (SLM) formation oriented heating device
CN106493366A (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-03-15 中北大学 Various metals dusty material selective laser melting forming device
CN106564187A (en) * 2016-11-10 2017-04-19 湖南华曙高科技有限责任公司 Method and equipment for manufacturing three-dimensional object
CN106807944A (en) * 2017-01-17 2017-06-09 华中科技大学 A kind of incline structure increasing material manufacturing process based on powder bed
CN107755696A (en) * 2017-09-12 2018-03-06 西安智熔金属打印***有限公司 Electron beam constituency pre-heating scan method
CN107983955A (en) * 2016-10-17 2018-05-04 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 A kind of preheating insulation device for selective laser fusing shaping
CN108188398A (en) * 2018-03-22 2018-06-22 宁波蓝野医疗器械有限公司 A kind of powder rapidly pre-warming method and apparatus for selective laser melting unit
CN108339982A (en) * 2018-03-24 2018-07-31 安徽拓宝增材制造科技有限公司 A kind of more laser compound scanning techniques
CN108637253A (en) * 2018-06-19 2018-10-12 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 A kind of 3D printing system and method
CN108687345A (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-10-23 东莞宜安科技股份有限公司 A kind of 3D printing method
CN108705083A (en) * 2018-05-31 2018-10-26 华中科技大学 A kind of real-time pre-heating system of selective melting powder and method based on multi-laser
CN109047762A (en) * 2018-08-31 2018-12-21 江苏大学 A kind of increasing material manufacturing method that selective laser fusing is compound with laser cutting
CN109108284A (en) * 2018-09-03 2019-01-01 江苏典悦三维科技有限公司 Using the compound increasing material manufacturing method of double laser beam and ultrasonic impact
CN109571942A (en) * 2018-10-29 2019-04-05 湖南华曙高科技有限责任公司 Three-dimension object manufacturing equipment and its method, computer storage medium
WO2019101030A1 (en) * 2017-11-23 2019-05-31 上海汉信模具制造有限公司 Additive manufacturing method using plastic powder conformal cooling stepped temperature bed
CN109982793A (en) * 2016-11-17 2019-07-05 松下知识产权经营株式会社 The manufacturing method of three dimensional structure
WO2019147378A1 (en) * 2018-01-24 2019-08-01 General Electric Company Heated gas circulation system for an additive manufacturing machine
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CN111673084A (en) * 2020-06-15 2020-09-18 杭州德迪智能科技有限公司 Temperature control method, electronic device, and computer-readable storage medium

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Cited By (34)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107983955A (en) * 2016-10-17 2018-05-04 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 A kind of preheating insulation device for selective laser fusing shaping
CN106564187A (en) * 2016-11-10 2017-04-19 湖南华曙高科技有限责任公司 Method and equipment for manufacturing three-dimensional object
CN109982793A (en) * 2016-11-17 2019-07-05 松下知识产权经营株式会社 The manufacturing method of three dimensional structure
CN106424724A (en) * 2016-11-22 2017-02-22 中北大学 Selective laser melting (SLM) formation oriented heating device
CN106493366A (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-03-15 中北大学 Various metals dusty material selective laser melting forming device
US10661382B2 (en) 2016-12-07 2020-05-26 North University Of China SLM forming device for multiple metal powder materials
CN106393683A (en) * 2016-12-16 2017-02-15 北京隆源自动成型***有限公司 3D printer with laser heating function
CN106807944A (en) * 2017-01-17 2017-06-09 华中科技大学 A kind of incline structure increasing material manufacturing process based on powder bed
CN107755696A (en) * 2017-09-12 2018-03-06 西安智熔金属打印***有限公司 Electron beam constituency pre-heating scan method
WO2019101030A1 (en) * 2017-11-23 2019-05-31 上海汉信模具制造有限公司 Additive manufacturing method using plastic powder conformal cooling stepped temperature bed
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WO2019147378A1 (en) * 2018-01-24 2019-08-01 General Electric Company Heated gas circulation system for an additive manufacturing machine
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Application publication date: 20160824