CN1049204C - 一种植物生长素组合物 - Google Patents
一种植物生长素组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
本发明是有关一种植物生长调节剂的组合物。它是由芳香酸酯类物质、改性糊精类植物营养素及N、P、K、S、B、Mo、Zn、Mn、稀土、腐植酸类复合微肥按重量份额1~5∶1~15∶80~100的配比混合组成。本发明的协同组合物明显提高了活性物对植物的渗透能力,提高了作用效果,具有多效、稳效、增产幅度增加等优点,可广泛应用于水稻、小麦、果树、蔬菜等各种作物,具有调节生长发育、保花保果、改善品质、增加糖份、提早成熟、抗病防衰等作用。
Description
本发明属于含有酯类有机化合物的植物生长调节剂。
近年来,芳氧酸类植物生长调节剂如对氯苯氧乙酸(俗名防落素),对碘苯氧乙酸(俗名增产灵)等已经应用,且有一定的增产效果。但这类生长调节剂是酸或钠盐、铵盐形式。由于酸难溶于水,配制是需先用酒精溶解,因此使用不方便;同时如配制不当、局部浓度偏高,则极易发生药害。钠、铵盐虽水溶性较好,但它们对植物细胞的渗透力较弱,且极易被雨水冲淋,因此植物对有效成分的吸收率不高,影响作用效果。另外,由于是单一的生长调节剂,不能同时提供营养物质,因此效果不稳定,有时营养跟不上,反而导致作物减产。
因此,克服取代芳氧酸类植物生长调节剂存在的问题,提供一种配制使用方便、增产效果稳定的植物生长素组合物则是本发明的目的所在。
实现上述发明目的的技术方案如下:
本发明的植物生长素组合物包括式I化合物中的至少一种
R’n-R1-OR2-COOR3 (I)
式中R’包括氯、溴、碘,R1为苯基,R2包括1-2个碳的亚烷基,R3包括1~3个碳的直链或支链烷基,n为1~3;加上可溶性淀粉、蔗糖、改性糊精及α、β、γ环化糊精等植物营养素中的至少一种和磷酸二氢钾、硫酸钾、硼砂、硼酸、硫酸钾、硫酸锰、钼酸铵、稀土、腐植酸等微肥中的至少一种。上述三种组分的重量份额配比为1~5∶1~15∶80~100。
本发明的植物生长素中的生长调节剂是亲脂性的芳氧酸酯类,它对植物体的渗透力优于亲水性的酸类,钠盐或铵盐,容易进入植物细胞内,从而更能发挥激活细胞的作用;有关文献报道,环糊精具有抑制真菌活性,并能降低活性成分的挥发性和提高溶解性,因此环糊精既作为营养物质,又起缓释增溶作用,还能防治作物的真菌性病害:微量元素、稀土或腐植酸肥料更是植物生长需要的营养物质。
芳氧酸酯类、植物营养素及微量元素叶肥三种组分分别以1~5∶1~15∶80~100的重量份额比均匀混合加上常用的乳化剂、分散剂作为辅助剂即为植物生长素组合物。
植物生长素组合物应用范围广,能促进作物生长发育、保花保果、改善品质、增加糖份,还能提高作物抗寒、抗旱、抗病、抗早衰的能力。用于水稻、小麦,可减少秕谷、穗大、籽粒饱满;用于柑桔、橙子、荔枝、芒果等可以保花保果,提高座果率,且果实表面光滑、个大、品质好,并能提早成熟;用于棉花、西瓜、蔬菜等均有明显的增产及抗病害作用。其增产与防病效果详见下列各表。表1、植物增产素对甜橙的增产效果
处理 | 幼果数(个) | 定果数(个) | 座果率(%) | 增加(%) |
植物增产素 | 3672 | 495 | 13.5 | 440 |
九二0 | 3415 | 208 | 6.1 | 144 |
清 水 | 3950 | 98 | 2.5 | - |
注:在第一次、第二次生理落果前喷施,浓度为60PPN;九二0喷施浓度为50PPN。表2、植物增产素对辣椒的增产效果
处理 | 株 数 | 产 量 | 平均株产(公斤) | 增产率(%) |
植物增产素 | 200 | 3.90 | 0.0195 | 28.28 |
防落素 | 200 | 3.30 | 0.0165 | 8.55 |
清 水 | 200 | 3.40 | 0.0152 | - |
注:于谢花期每隔15天喷施一次,浓度30PPM,防落素也同时以同样浓度喷施。表3、植物增产素对茄子的增产效果
处理 | 株数 | 产量(公斤) | 平均株产(公斤) | 增产率(%) |
植物增产素 | 90 | 63.9 | 0.71 | 57.55 |
防落素 | 90 | 48.6 | 0.54 | 21.55 |
清 水 | 90 | 40.5 | 0.45 | - |
注:喷施时期与浓度同辣椒。表4、植物增产素对辣椒的防病效果
处理 | 株数 | 病株数 | 病株率(%) | 防病率提高(%) |
植物增产素 | 186 | 85 | 45.69 | 33.16 |
防落素 | 152 | 98 | 58.5 | 12.9 |
清 水 | 186 | 125 | 67.2 | - |
注:施药量为4-50克/亩,本表是施药后50天的调查结果。表5、植物增产素对茄子的防病效果
处理 | 株数 | 病株数 | 病株率(%) | 防病率提高(%) |
植物增产素 | 95 | 35 | 35.71 | 53.57 |
防落素 | 98 | 65 | 66.32 | 24.99 |
清 水 | 95 | 84 | 88.42 | - |
注:施药量同辣椒,本表是施药后35天的调查结果。
本发明研制的植物生长素组合物,生产工艺简便、产品性质稳定、成本较低、无三废污染,具有较好的社会效益及经济效益。
实施例1
以对氯苯氧乙酸酯为活性组分的植物生长素组合物。
称取对氯苯氧乙酸乙酯2克与α环糊精4克及聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚乳化剂0.2克,放入匀化器中充分混合研磨;另称取磷酸二氢钾、钼酸铵、硼酸、硫酸锌和硝酸稀土各20克,充分匀化混合;二者合并,混合均匀,包装。
使用时,称取植物生长素组合物10克,先用少量清水溶解,再加水稀释至15公斤,充分搅匀后即可喷施。
实施例2
以对溴苯氧乙酸甲酯为活性组分的植物生长素组合物。
按实施例1的方法称取下列组分后充分混合,均化,干燥,微粉化。
对溴苯氧乙酸甲酯(活性成分含量100%) 2公斤
β-环糊精 2公斤
曲拉通-x-100 0.2公斤
磷酸二氢钾 20公斤
硼酸 20公斤
钼酸铵 20公斤
硫酸锌 20公斤
硝酸稀土 15.8公斤实施例3以三碘苯氧乙酸甲酯为活性成份的植物增产素
2.4.6-三碘苯氧乙酸甲酯 2公斤
α、β、γ环糊精混合物 1.5公斤
聚氧乙烯烷基丙烯酸酯 0.3公斤
十二烷基苯磺酸钙 0.2公斤
木薯淀粉 10公斤
硫 酸 钾 20公斤
硼 砂 20公斤
硫 酸 锰 20公斤
钼 酸 铵 20公斤
硝基腐植酸铵 6公斤
Claims (1)
1、一种植物生长素组合物,其特征在于该生长素组合物由式1化合物中的至少一种,可溶性淀粉、蔗糖、改性糊精及α、β、γ环化糊精类植物营养素中的至少一种以及磷酸二氢钾、硫酸钾、硼砂、硼酸、硫酸钾、硫酸锌、钼酸铵、稀土、腐植酸类微肥中的至少一种以1~5∶1~15∶80~100的重量份额配比混合而成。
R’n-R1-OR2-COOR3 (I)
式1中R’包括氯、溴、碘,R1为苯基,R2为1-2个碳的亚烷基,R3包括1至3个碳的直链或支链烷基,n为1至3。
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Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS5250879A (en) * | 1975-10-17 | 1977-04-23 | Tatsuji Kobayashi | Fertilizers |
HUT35228A (en) * | 1983-10-17 | 1985-06-28 | Vasipari Kutato Fejleszto | Process for the production of leaf-manure |
CN1070800A (zh) * | 1992-10-16 | 1993-04-14 | 浏阳县农业生产资料公司 | 黄瓜植保灵 |
ATA64591A (de) * | 1991-03-25 | 1993-04-15 | Agrolinz Agrarchemikalien | Blattduenger und spritzbruehe zur blattduengung enthaltend pflanzennaehrstoffe und eine saeure |
CN1072316A (zh) * | 1992-10-16 | 1993-05-26 | 浏阳县农业生产资料公司 | 辣椒疮疫灵 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS5250879A (en) * | 1975-10-17 | 1977-04-23 | Tatsuji Kobayashi | Fertilizers |
HUT35228A (en) * | 1983-10-17 | 1985-06-28 | Vasipari Kutato Fejleszto | Process for the production of leaf-manure |
ATA64591A (de) * | 1991-03-25 | 1993-04-15 | Agrolinz Agrarchemikalien | Blattduenger und spritzbruehe zur blattduengung enthaltend pflanzennaehrstoffe und eine saeure |
CN1070800A (zh) * | 1992-10-16 | 1993-04-14 | 浏阳县农业生产资料公司 | 黄瓜植保灵 |
CN1072316A (zh) * | 1992-10-16 | 1993-05-26 | 浏阳县农业生产资料公司 | 辣椒疮疫灵 |
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