CN104920089B - A kind of resistance to screening technique for flooding parent of Direct-seeding Rice breeding - Google Patents
A kind of resistance to screening technique for flooding parent of Direct-seeding Rice breeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN104920089B CN104920089B CN201510383825.0A CN201510383825A CN104920089B CN 104920089 B CN104920089 B CN 104920089B CN 201510383825 A CN201510383825 A CN 201510383825A CN 104920089 B CN104920089 B CN 104920089B
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of resistance to screening technique for flooding parent of Direct-seeding Rice breeding, the authentication method step is as follows：（1）Variety resources of rice pretreatment to be screened；（2）Identified in resistance to the flooding property room of Direct-seeding Rice；（3）The resistance to composition of flooding of Direct-seeding Rice is dissected；（4）Regional specific aim Direct-seeding Rice breeding is resistance to flood Juvenile stage.The present invention can overcome that the crop field environmental simulation of existing Direct-seeding Rice authentication method is poor, regional specific aim is poor, the low shortcoming of qualification result reliability, there is provided a kind of identification environmental simulation is good, it is resistance to flood mechanism clearly, the regional resistance to screening technique for flooding parent of Direct-seeding Rice breeding that specific aim is good, qualification result reliability is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of agriculture science, specifically a kind of identification environmental simulation is good, resistance to flood mechanism bright
Really, the area resistance to screening technique for flooding parent of Direct-seeding Rice breeding that specific aim is good, qualification result reliability is high.
Background technology
Direct sowing of rice technology is increasingly becoming the ideal style of the light letter Efficient Cultivation of paddy rice in agricultural modernization, and it not only has
Have saving of labor, it is time saving and efficient the features such as, and constitute the big key element of yield three in unit area spike number, two sides of mass of 1000 kernel
Face, Direct-seeding Rice also has high yield advantage than transplanting rice.In Direct-seeding Rice production process, the full stand and strong sprout in seedling stage are to determine high yield
One of key factor.Because Direct-seeding Rice is in water logging environment when sprouting, it is live that water logging is conducive to control weeds to be but unfavorable for
Rice seedling, anoxic stress reduces the planting percent of paddy rice.Therefore, cultivating the good rice varieties with seedling stage hypoxia-bearing capability will
Facilitation can be played to Direct-seeding Rice production.
Paddy rice is the cereal crops that can be uniquely sprouted under oxygen-free environment, during long-term evolution, Submergence stress is drilled
Certain adaptation mechanism has been dissolved, two kinds have been generally can be divided into：It is resistance to flood mechanism and keep away the mechanism of flooding.The resistance to mechanism of flooding refers to that rice varieties meet with
When being flooded flood, Submergence stress will not stimulate paddy rice tachyauxesis and internal carbohydrate excessively to consume so that its be subjected to it is short
After phase floods flood, plant remains unchanged and maintains vigour, again restoration ecosystem；When to keep away the mechanism of flooding refer to that rice varieties are subjected to Submergence stress, plant
The strain speed of growth and substance in vivo accretion rate are substantially accelerated, and growth speedup substantially, makes plant stretch out the water surface as early as possible to reach pendulum
The purpose of de- Submergence stress, but a series of unwanted metabolic products are also brought to paddy growth and the in vivo stimulation of metabolism, produce
Raw physiological damage.Used as the important cereal crops in the whole world, different growing is subjected to the paddy rice of Submergence stress by different mechanism
Obtain resistance to flooding property.When paddy rice is subjected to water logging, due to by Hypoxia Stress, causing its aerobic respiration to be suppressed, then carry out
The limited anaerobic respiration of energy supply.Ethylene responses factor S ub1A is when rice seedling is flooded by suppressing what gibberellin was mediated
React and negative feedback inhibition ethene generation so that suppress cell growth and reduce energy ezpenditure with obtain it is longer it is resistance to flood when
Between, the ethylene responses factor that some rice varieties have then promotes cell elongation to grow, and then make plant break through the water surface as early as possible and
Recapture oxygen.Resistance to the flooding property of paddy rice is often that resistance to flooding and keeps away the result for flooding mechanism comprehensive function at mechanism.
Research finds, when rice seed germination is in anaerobic condition, root and leaf growth are suppressed, and plumule is then fast
Speed extends to recapture oxygen as early as possible.It is another studies have found that when being that hypoxemia is sprouted the reason for paddy rice anaerobic condition plumule rapid elongation
Induction of CIPK15 expression, CIPK15 further activates stress and experiences factor S nRK1, and then causes a series of downstream cascades anti-
Should, including induced transcription factor MYBS1 expression, and then strengthen the expression of Starch Hydrolysis enzyme gene and the conjunction of induction alcohol dehydrogenase
Into the metabolism of acceleration paddy rice anaerobic respiration and material, so as to promote the rapid elongation of plumule.Except anaerobic respiration is metabolized it
Outward, research find anoxic sprout also relate to active oxygen, nitrite, ferrous ion, nitric oxide, pyrophosphate, ferroheme,
The a series of biochemical reactions such as swollenin, lipid peroxidation, acidifying, current mechanism is still unknown.
After direct seading rice floods damage caused by waterlogging evil, a large amount of ponding in field.It is inevitable in addition to being sprouted to seed and causing anoxic stress
Direct-seeding Rice is brought to sprout the change of the other influences factor, and current research have ignored this point, and we have discovered that, water logging
Significant low temperature environment is generated under soil media afterwards, so as to inhibit Direct-seeding Rice bud scale to extend, therefore antagonism low temperature stress is
One key factor of direct sowing of rice seedling.
It is that Direct-seeding Rice breeding more targetedly, preferably is served to microclimate and water logging feature, we devise one
The resistance to screening technique for flooding parent of Direct-seeding Rice breeding is planted, germplasm is carried out to variety resources of rice and is sprouted resistance to flooding property screening, filtered out resistance to
Flooding property is strong, resistance to mechanism of flooding more is directed to the germ plasm resource of local characteristicses as breeding parent, is brought to the work of Direct-seeding Rice breed breeding
Great convenience.The present invention can also be applied to paddy rice in addition to it can apply to that Direct-seeding Rice breeding is resistance to and flood parental line selection
The resistance to excavation identification for flooding resource, resistance to flood numerous necks such as the assignment of genes gene mapping and resistance to flooding property biochemical molecular mechanism difference genetic development research
Domain.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is directed to that existing Direct-seeding Rice process for screening and identifying crop field environmental simulation is poor, regional specific aim
Difference, the low shortcoming of qualification result reliability, there is provided one kind identification environmental simulation is good, it is resistance to flood mechanism clearly, regional specific aim
Good, the qualification result reliability resistance to screening technique for flooding parent of Direct-seeding Rice breeding high.
The purpose of the present invention is solved by the following technical programs：
A kind of resistance to screening technique for flooding parent of Direct-seeding Rice breeding, it is characterised in that：Described screening technique step is as follows：
（1）Variety resources of rice pretreatment to be screened：Variety resources of rice seed to be screened is put into culture dish,
Add medicining liquid dipping sterilizing；Ultrapure water is used after sterilizing 3 times, then Steeping and budding suctions moisture in ultra-pure water, pre- place
Every part of seed is used for latter three experiments after reason；
（2）Identified in resistance to the flooding property room of Direct-seeding Rice：
a）Seedling is resistance in test tube floods experiment：The seed that moisture will be suctioned is placed in a Boiling tube, is put into each test tube
The ultrapure water submerged seed of injection certain altitude in one kind/family 10-20 seed, test tube；Boiling tube is placed in manually
In climate box light culture for a period of time, using the coleoptile length sprouted as the resistance to evaluation index for flooding experiment of seedling in test tube；
b）Soil media seedling is resistance to flood experiment：Plastic culture tray bottom is evenly distributed with the logical of a diameter of 0.4 cm dense distributions
Water hole；Layer overlay newspaper on plastic culture disk, spreads the thick soil horizons of 5cm on newspaper, immersion is drenched, smooth with patter
It is even；Plastic culture disk is divided into consistent square groove uniform in size, the length and width of square groove, deep respectively 4,4,6 with threaded plastic plate
Cm, wet soil is divided into the grid of fixed size with ready-made square groove；Each grid broadcasts a rice varieties/family, each product
Kind/family broadcasts 16, after planting uniform earthing 1cm, and then plastic culture disk is put into the crop insect co-cultivation box of indoor placement
It is interior；Reference mark at ruler measurement soil layer top 5cm, water flowing reaches the water level, after standing 2 hours, supplies water level to graduation mark,
Moisturizing daily 2 times later, maintain soil layer 5cm water logging states；Setting and count germination after cultivate under certain condition of culture a period of time
The normal coleoptile length sprouted is counted and measured, is referred to as the resistance to evaluation for flooding experiment of soil media seedling using the coleoptile length of sprouting
Mark；
c）Direct sowing of rice seed-forming experiment：：The culture environment and step of the experiment（2）b）Soil media seedling is resistance to flood experiment
Culture environment is identical, sets in indoor crops insect co-cultivation box in culture plate soil layer apart from water surface 5cm water logging states, waterlogging
The coleoptile length after a period of time, essence are grown under measurement distance soil horizon water logging 5cm, seed earthing 1cm deep water logging environment afterwards
Really to 1 mm；Direct sowing of rice planting percent is calculated, using live planting percent as the evaluation index of direct sowing of rice seed-forming experiment；
（3）Resistance to the flooding property of Direct-seeding Rice is constituted and dissected：To identifying three experiment integrated treatments in resistance to flooding property room, water to be identified is analyzed
Three resistances of aspect of rice：
a）Cold hardiness：Cold hardiness reduces percentage backward attribute by low temperature bud scale, and kind/family low temperature bud scale reduces percentage
Than≤25%, kind/family low temperature bud scale reduction percentage=（In test tube seedling it is resistance to flood experiment bud scale it is long-soil media seedling is resistance to
Flood experiment bud scale long）In ÷ test tubes seedling it is resistance to flood experiment bud scale it is long；
b）Keep away the mechanism of flooding：Keep away the mechanism of flooding and flood result of the test and soil media seedling is resistance to floods result of the test by seedling in test tube is resistance to
Characterize respectively, in test tube seedling it is resistance to flood experiment bud scale it is long >=4.8cm, soil media seedling it is resistance to flood experiment bud scale it is long >=2.8cm；
c）It is resistance to flood mechanism：Resistance to mechanism of flooding is characterized by direct sowing of rice seed-forming experiment result, direct sowing of rice seed-forming experiment planting percent
≥35%；
（4）Regional specific aim Direct-seeding Rice breeding is resistance to flood Juvenile stage：For microclimate feature and water logging normality, specific aim
The ground resistance to kind/family of flooding of selection is used as Direct-seeding Rice breeding parent：If easily meeting with submerged cryogenic during Direct-seeding Rice sowing water logging, preferably
The strong paddy rice of Direct-seeding Rice cold hardiness is used as breeding parent；If the regional crop field water logging time is shorter, the strong water of the mechanism of flooding preferably is kept away
Rice is used as breeding parent；If the regional crop field water logging time is more long, preferably resistance to flood the strong paddy rice of mechanism as breeding parent.
The step（1）In thimerosal be 0.6% liquor natrii hypochloritis, carry out sterilizing 15min.
The step（1）The ultrapure coolant-temperature gage of middle immersion presprouting of seeds is 25 DEG C, and the time is 48h.
The step（2）Interior a）The ultra-pure water of middle certain altitude is that liquid level is highly 10-20 cm apart from seed.
The step（2）Interior a）Temperature control is 25 degree in middle growth cabinet；Described light culture is for a period of time 5-7
My god.
The step（2）Interior b）It is light week that the middle certain condition of culture of setting refers to condition of culture in crop insect co-cultivation box
14 hours phases/dark 10 hours, intensity of illumination is the lux of 2.7-3.3 ten thousand, and humidity is 70%-85%, and indoor air temperature is 24-26 degree.
The step（2）Interior b）Middle culture a period of time is culture 5-7 days；The step（2）Interior b）Incubation time with
Step（2）Interior a）Incubation time it is identical.
The step（2）Interior c）A period of time is grown under middle water logging environment for 13-17 days.
The step（2）Interior c）The statistical method of middle direct sowing of rice planting percent is：Due to seed earthing 1cm, soil layer water logging
5cm, therefore seed is apart from water surface 6cm, with coleoptile length>The seed tag of 6cm is seedling, the ratio shared by statistics seedling seed
Example, i.e. direct sowing of rice planting percent.
The step（4）The middle water logging time is compared with brachydactylia water logging time≤10 day；Finger water logging time ＞ 10 more long water logging time
My god.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is that soil media seedling is resistance in test tube floods in experiment and test tube that seedling is resistance to floods experimental control result schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
A kind of resistance to screening technique for flooding parent of Direct-seeding Rice breeding, it is characterised in that：The authentication method step is as follows：（1）Treat
The variety resources of rice pretreatment of screening：Variety resources of rice seed to be screened is put into culture dish, 0.6% chlorine is added
Acid sodium solution, carries out sterilizing 15min；Ultrapure water is used after sterilizing 3 times, then the Steeping and budding 48h in 25 DEG C of ultra-pure waters, inhale
Sufficient moisture, is used for latter three experiments per kind/family seed after pretreatment；
（2）Identified in resistance to the flooding property room of Direct-seeding Rice：
a）Seedling is resistance in test tube floods experiment：The seed that moisture will be suctioned is placed in a Boiling tube, is put into each test tube
The ultrapure water submerged seed of injection in one kind/family 10-20 seed, test tube, liquid level is highly 10-20 cm apart from seed；
Boiling tube is placed in growth cabinet 25 DEG C of light cultures 5-7 days, is flooded as seedling in test tube is resistance to using the coleoptile length sprouted
The evaluation index of experiment；
b）Soil media seedling is resistance to flood experiment：Plastic culture tray bottom is evenly distributed with the logical of a diameter of 0.4 cm dense distributions
Water hole；Layer overlay newspaper on plastic culture disk, spreads the thick soil horizons of 5cm on newspaper, immersion is drenched, smooth with patter
It is even；Plastic culture disk is divided into consistent square groove uniform in size, the length and width of square groove, deep respectively 4,4,6 with threaded plastic plate
Cm, wet soil is divided into the grid of fixed size with ready-made square groove；Each grid broadcasts a rice varieties/family, each product
Kind/family broadcasts 16, after planting uniform earthing 1cm, and then plastic culture disk is put into the crop insect co-cultivation box of indoor placement
It is interior；Reference mark at ruler measurement soil layer top 5cm, water flowing reaches the water level, after standing 2 hours, supplies water level to graduation mark,
Moisturizing daily 2 times later, maintain soil layer 5cm water logging states；To be controlled to the photoperiod 14 small for condition of culture in crop insect co-cultivation box
When/dark 10 hours, intensity of illumination is the lux of 2.7-3.3 ten thousand, and humidity is 70%-85%, and indoor air temperature is 24-26 degree, is cultivated 5-7 days,
The incubation time and a）The light culture time in step is identical, then counts germinative number and measures the normal coleoptile length sprouted,
Using the coleoptile length sprouted as the resistance to evaluation index for flooding experiment of soil media seedling；
c）Direct sowing of rice seed-forming experiment：Seeding method floods experiment with training method with soil media seedling is resistance to, same to set
In indoor crops insect co-cultivation box in culture plate soil layer apart from water surface 5cm water logging states, measurement distance soil horizon after waterlogging
Coleoptile length after being grown 13-17 days under water logging 5cm, seed earthing 1cm deep water logging environment, is accurate to 1 mm；Due to soil layer
Water logging 5cm, seed earthing 1cm, therefore seed is apart from water surface 6cm, with coleoptile length>The seed tag of 6cm is seedling, is counted into
Ratio shared by seed, i.e. direct sowing of rice planting percent, using live planting percent as the evaluation index of direct sowing of rice seed-forming experiment；
（3）Resistance to the flooding property of Direct-seeding Rice is constituted and dissected：To identifying three experiment integrated treatments in resistance to flooding property room, water to be identified is analyzed
Three resistances of aspect of rice：
a）Cold hardiness：Cold hardiness reduces percentage backward attribute by low temperature bud scale, and kind/family low temperature bud scale reduces percentage
Than≤25%, kind/family low temperature bud scale reduction percentage=（In test tube seedling it is resistance to flood experiment bud scale it is long-soil media seedling is resistance to
Flood experiment bud scale long）In ÷ test tubes seedling it is resistance to flood experiment bud scale it is long；
b）Keep away the mechanism of flooding：Keep away the mechanism of flooding and flood result of the test and soil media seedling is resistance to floods result of the test by seedling in test tube is resistance to
Characterize respectively, in test tube seedling it is resistance to flood experiment bud scale it is long >=4.8cm, soil media seedling it is resistance to flood experiment bud scale it is long >=2.8cm；
c）It is resistance to flood mechanism：Resistance to mechanism of flooding is characterized by direct sowing of rice seed-forming experiment result, direct sowing of rice seed-forming experiment planting percent
≥35%；
（4）Regional specific aim Direct-seeding Rice breeding is resistance to flood Juvenile stage：For microclimate feature and water logging normality, specific aim
Ground selects resistance to kind/family of flooding as Direct-seeding Rice breeding parent, if easily meeting with submerged cryogenic during Direct-seeding Rice sowing water logging, preferably
The strong paddy rice of Direct-seeding Rice cold hardiness is used as breeding parent；If the regional crop field water logging time is shorter（≤ 10 days）, then preferably keep away and flood machine
The strong paddy rice of system is used as breeding parent；If the regional crop field water logging time is more long（＞ 10 days）, then it is preferably resistance to flood the strong paddy rice of mechanism
As breeding parent.
Embodiment 1
In April, 2013,38 rice varieties of selection carry out identification resistance to the flooding property room of Direct-seeding Rice in, and 38 rice varieties are according to taking out
The morning and evening of ear period is divided into 5 ecotypes, wherein ecotype I（Round-grained rice in precocity）2, environmental II（In ripe middle round-grained rice）It is 12, ecological
Type III（Japonica rice）12, environmental IV（Early season late-rice）8, environmental V（In ripe late round-grained rice）4.
The resistance to screening technique for flooding parent of Direct-seeding Rice breeding is implemented according to technology path of the invention, wherein pretreatment terminates
Afterwards, three experiments respectively take 16 full seeds and are tested, two repetitions of each Setup Experiments of each kind.In test tube
The resistance to experimental liquid identity distance that floods of seedling is highly set to 20 cm from seed, and resistance to the flooding of seedling tests flood resistance to soil media seedling in test tube
Experiment incubation time is disposed as 7 days, and to be disposed as 14 hours photoperiods/dark 10 small for condition of culture in crop insect co-cultivation box
When, the lux of intensity of illumination 30,000, humidity 80%, 25 degree of indoor air temperature, direct sowing of rice seed-forming experiment incubation time is set to 15 days.
The resistance to experiment experiment selection coleoptile length of flooding resistance to soil media seedling of flooding of seedling is used as investigation index, water in test tube
Direct sowing of rice seed-forming experiment selects live planting percent as investigation index, as a result such as table 1.
Embodiment 2
Two kinds of environmental factors of water logging mode have been carried out measurement and compared by us, as a result such as table 2.By table 2 it can be found that soil
Seedling is resistance in earth medium floods in experiment, although culturing room's temperature is maintained at 25 degree or so, but soil media in plastic culture disk
The sprouting environment temperature of interior seed rice only has 17.2 DEG C, lower than indoor air temperature 7.9 DEG C, illustrates to be generated under soil media after water logging
Significant low temperature environment.
The research such as Frantz finds to keep anoxia condition by with 5cm deeply static water, and dissolved oxygen pair micro in water
Research anoxic germination is without influence.Because the nutrition organs of rice paddy seed is stored with a large amount of nutrition, battalion is provided without photosynthesis
Support, and germination process plant will not carry out photosynthesis also without chlorophyll, thus illumination rice seed germination is had no it is aobvious
The influence of work property.Seed is sprouted and also needs the pressure that breaks ground in other soil media, may bring pressure to the sprouting of seed.Comprehensive ratio
Compared with the difference of environmental factor under two kinds of water logging modes, Germination Temperature and sprouting pressure may cause bud scale to extend significant difference
Reason.
Embodiment 3
It is different influence levels of the medium to Seed Germination of Rice pressure of sprouting under inspection water logging environment, from seedling in participation test tube
10 representational rice varieties are selected in resistance to 38 rice varieties for flooding experiment（Each ecotype 2 kind of selection）If,
Count that soil media seedling in test tube is resistance to flood experiment, it is resistance to seedling in test tube to flood experiment（Pure water medium）Compareed.In test tube
Soil media seedling is resistance to be flooded experiment specific method and is：The seed that moisture will be suctioned is placed in a Boiling tube, is put in each test tube
16 seeds, then cover the soil layer of 1cm height on seed rice surface, inject purified water, and seed is away from the cm of the water surface 20, other conditions
Experiment is flooded with seedling in test tube is resistance to.Soil media seedling is resistance in test tube floods in experiment and test tube that seedling is resistance to floods experimental control result such as
Accompanying drawing 1.
In test tube seedling it is resistance to flood experiment in sprout environment be all under pure water medium, the average coleoptile length of 10 kinds is
4.21cm；And experiment is flooded soil media seedling is resistance to, the average coleoptile length of 10 kind is 2.66cm, average bud reduction long
1.55cm.In test tube seedling it is resistance to flood experiment in seed sprout increased under 1cm soil media pressure, the average bud scale of 10 kinds is long
It is 4.09 to spend, and average bud is long to reduce 0.13cm, and coleoptile length reduction amount only accounts for soil media seedling, and resistance to flood bud scale in experiment long
The 8.4% of degree reduction amount.
The resistance to result for flooding experiment of soil media seedling is proved in test tube, sprouts medium to the level of bud scale extension effects very
It is low.Therefore, soil media seedling it is resistance to flood experiment in bud scale elongation significantly inhibit mainly by under soil media after water logging produce
Notable low temperature environment low temperature stress sprouted to seed cause.
Embodiment 4
In test tube seedling resistance to flood experiment reflection is seed in preference temperature（25℃）Short-term（7d）Bud under water logging environment
The elongation of sheath, major embodiment kind is kept away and floods machining function；Soil media seedling is resistance to flood experiment and direct sowing of rice seed-forming experiment more
The sowing in the field environment close to after water logging, especially highlights the influence that water logging low temperature under anaerobic environment extends to paddy rice bud scale, passes through
Seedling is resistance in test tube floods experiment and the resistance to contrast for flooding experiment of soil media seedling and can filter out low temperature resistant water under anaerobic environment
Rice varieties resource；Soil media seedling is resistance to, and flood experiment reflection is water logging environment lower short-term（7d）The elongation of bud scale, mainly
Embody kind and keep away and flood machining function, and the reflection of direct sowing of rice seed-forming experiment is the same environment lower longer term（15d）Bud scale
Elongation, major embodiment kind is resistance to flood machining function, by soil media seedling it is resistance to flood experiment and direct sowing of rice seed-forming experiment can
With the resistance to composition structure for flooding mechanism of analyzing rice.
Integrated embodiment 1-3, the rice varieties to participating in identification carry out resistance to the flooding property of Direct-seeding Rice and constitute anatomy, such as table 3.
The resistance to ability of flooding of Direct-seeding Rice is low temperature resistant, the resistance to result flooded and keep away and flood mechanism comprehensive function, and various regions Direct-seeding Rice is educated
The demand of kind is different.It is along with submerged cryogenic, antagonism low temperature stress after many area Direct-seeding Rice seedtimes experience water loggings
This area's Direct-seeding Rice breeding needs the problem that emphasis considers.Keep away promotion performance of the mechanism of flooding to bud scale elongation under short-term water logging environment
Significantly, but under long-time water logging environment, bud scale vigor is lasting, the resistance to mechanism of flooding of continued propagation is maintained more to Direct-seeding Rice vigor
It is important.Therefore, the identification of resistance to the flooding property of various regions Direct-seeding Rice, will dissect the resistance to of germplasm and flood composition, for local water logging feature, cultivate
Go out to be adapted to local live live rice varieties.
Southern shandong area belongs to Northern Part of China, and Direct-seeding Rice water logging season easily meets with submerged cryogenic, and Direct-seeding Rice crop field is easy
The water logging environment of more than 10 days is met with, therefore, our preferred paddy rice cold hardinesses and the resistance to strong rice pest insects of mechanism that flood are used as educating
The experimental result of parent, consolidated statement 1 and table 3 is planted, we select nasal mucus rice 12（Paddy rice cold hardiness：Low temperature bud scale decreasing value is 21%；
It is resistance to flood mechanism：Direct-seeding Rice planting percent is 63%）Breeding parent is flooded as Direct-seeding Rice is resistance to, with the hybridization of local core breeding parent, is obtained
Hybridization F2, further screens and obtains the Direct-seeding Rice strain 3 that resistance to flooding property is significantly improved, economical character is good for 2015, enters
Subsequent production comparative test.
The present invention devises that seedling in test tube is resistance to flood that experiment, soil media seedling are resistance to flood experiment and direct sowing of rice seed-forming experiment
Carry out Direct-seeding Rice it is resistance to flood identification and it is resistance to flood mechanism analysis, for existing Direct-seeding Rice process for screening and identifying crop field environmental simulation it is poor,
The low shortcoming of qualification result reliability, there is provided a kind of identification environmental simulation is good, reliability is high, resistance to flood clearly demarcated live of mechanism
The resistance to screening technique for flooding parent of rice breeding, Study on Genetic Basis of flooding resistance to Direct-seeding Rice breed breeding and paddy rice has important guidance
Value.
Above example is only explanation technological thought of the invention, it is impossible to limit protection scope of the present invention with this, every
According to technological thought proposed by the present invention, any change done on the basis of technical scheme each falls within the scope of the present invention
Within；The technology that the present invention is not directed to can be realized by prior art.
Claims (7)
1. the resistance to screening technique for flooding parent of a kind of Direct-seeding Rice breeding, it is characterised in that：Described screening technique step is as follows：
（1）Variety resources of rice pretreatment to be screened：Variety resources of rice seed to be screened is put into culture dish, is added
Medicining liquid dipping sterilizes；Ultrapure water is used after sterilizing 3 times, then Steeping and budding suctions moisture in ultra-pure water, after pretreatment
Every part of seed is used for latter three experiments；
（2）Identified in resistance to the flooding property room of Direct-seeding Rice：
a）Seedling is resistance in test tube floods experiment：The seed that moisture will be suctioned is placed in a Boiling tube, and one is put into each test tube
The ultrapure water submerged seed of injection certain altitude in kind/family 10-20 seed, test tube；Boiling tube is placed in artificial climate
In case light culture for a period of time, using the coleoptile length sprouted as the resistance to evaluation index for flooding experiment of seedling in test tube；
b）Soil media seedling is resistance to flood experiment：Plastic culture tray bottom is evenly distributed with the water flowing of a diameter of 0.4 cm dense distributions
Hole；Layer overlay newspaper on plastic culture disk, spreads the thick soil horizons of 5cm on newspaper, immersion is drenched, and uses patter even uniform；
Plastic culture disk is divided into consistent square groove uniform in size, the length and width of square groove, deep respectively 4,4,6 with threaded plastic plate
Cm, wet soil is divided into the grid of fixed size with ready-made square groove；Each grid broadcasts a rice varieties/family, each product
Kind/family broadcasts 16, after planting uniform earthing 1cm, and then plastic culture disk is put into the crop insect co-cultivation box of indoor placement
It is interior；Reference mark at ruler measurement soil layer top 5cm, water flowing reaches the water level, after standing 2 hours, supplies water level to graduation mark,
Moisturizing daily 2 times later, maintain soil layer 5cm water logging states；Setting and count germination after cultivate under certain condition of culture a period of time
The normal coleoptile length sprouted is counted and measured, is referred to as the resistance to evaluation for flooding experiment of soil media seedling using the coleoptile length of sprouting
Mark；
c）Direct sowing of rice seed-forming experiment：The culture environment and step of the experiment（2）b）The resistance to culture for flooding experiment of soil media seedling
Environment is identical, and soil layer, apart from water surface 5cm water logging states, is surveyed after waterlogging in culture plate in setting indoor crops insect co-cultivation box
Span grows the coleoptile length after a period of time under soil horizon water logging 5cm, seed earthing 1cm deep water logging environment, is accurate to 1
mm；Direct sowing of rice planting percent is calculated, using live planting percent as the evaluation index of direct sowing of rice seed-forming experiment；
（3）Resistance to the flooding property of Direct-seeding Rice is constituted and dissected：To identifying three experiment integrated treatments in resistance to flooding property room, rice seed to be identified is analyzed
Sub three resistances of aspect：
a）Cold hardiness：Cold hardiness reduces percentage backward attribute by low temperature bud scale, kind/family low temperature bud scale reduce percentage≤
25%, kind/family low temperature bud scale reduction percentage=（In test tube seedling it is resistance to flood experiment bud scale it is long-soil media seedling is resistance to floods examination
Test bud scale long）In ÷ test tubes seedling it is resistance to flood experiment bud scale it is long；
b）Keep away the mechanism of flooding：Keep away the mechanism of flooding by seedling in test tube it is resistance to flood result of the test and soil media seedling it is resistance to flood result of the test distinguish
Characterize, in test tube seedling it is resistance to flood experiment bud scale it is long >=4.8cm, soil media seedling it is resistance to flood experiment bud scale it is long >=2.8cm；
c）It is resistance to flood mechanism：Resistance to mechanism of flooding is characterized by direct sowing of rice seed-forming experiment result, and direct sowing of rice seed-forming experiment planting percent >=
35%；
（4）Regional specific aim Direct-seeding Rice breeding is resistance to flood Juvenile stage：For microclimate feature and water logging normality, pointedly select
Resistance to kind/family of flooding is selected as Direct-seeding Rice breeding parent：It is preferably live if easily meeting with submerged cryogenic during Direct-seeding Rice sowing water logging
The strong paddy rice of rice cold hardiness is used as breeding parent；If the regional crop field water logging time is shorter, preferably keeps away the strong paddy rice of the mechanism of flooding and make
It is breeding parent；If the regional crop field water logging time is more long, preferably resistance to flood the strong paddy rice of mechanism as breeding parent；
The step（2）Interior b）Middle culture a period of time is culture 5-7 days；The step（2）Interior b）Incubation time and step
（2）Interior a）Incubation time it is identical；
The step（2）Interior c）A period of time is grown under middle water logging environment for 13-17 days；
The step（2）Interior c）The statistical method of middle direct sowing of rice planting percent is：Due to seed earthing 1cm, soil layer water logging 5cm,
Therefore seed is apart from water surface 6cm, with coleoptile length>The seed tag of 6cm is seedling, counts the ratio shared by seedling seed, i.e.,
Direct sowing of rice planting percent.
2. the resistance to screening technique for flooding parent of a kind of Direct-seeding Rice breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
（1）In thimerosal be 0.6% liquor natrii hypochloritis, carry out sterilizing 15min.
3. the resistance to screening technique for flooding parent of a kind of Direct-seeding Rice breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
（1）The ultrapure coolant-temperature gage of middle immersion presprouting of seeds is 25 DEG C, and the time is 48h.
4. the resistance to screening technique for flooding parent of a kind of Direct-seeding Rice breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
（2）Interior a）The ultra-pure water of middle certain altitude is that liquid level is highly 10-20 cm apart from seed.
5. the resistance to screening technique for flooding parent of a kind of Direct-seeding Rice breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
（2）Interior a）Temperature control is 25 degree in middle growth cabinet；Described light culture is for a period of time 5-7 days.
6. the resistance to screening technique for flooding parent of a kind of Direct-seeding Rice breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
（2）Interior b）It is that 14 hours photoperiods/dark 10 are small that the middle certain condition of culture of setting refers to condition of culture in crop insect co-cultivation box
When, intensity of illumination is the lux of 2.7-3.3 ten thousand, and humidity is 70%-85%, and indoor air temperature is 24-26 degree.
7. the resistance to screening technique for flooding parent of a kind of Direct-seeding Rice breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
（4）The interior water logging time is compared with brachydactylia water logging time≤10 day；10 days water logging time ＞ of finger more long water logging time.
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| CN106376403A (en) * | 2015-07-26 | 2017-02-08 | 峡江县植保植检站 | Determining method for total flooding economical critical rescue time of paddy rice in various growth periods |
| CN107691128A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-16 | 上海应用技术大学 | Resistance to overhead flooding injury tawny daylily method for screening varieties |
| CN110574652B (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2022-06-24 | 广东省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Paddy flooding direct seeding planting method |
| CN111480563A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-08-04 | 扬州大学 | Water culture method for experimental rice cultivated in greenhouse |
| CN113841536B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-07-04 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for detecting water flooding resistance degree of fresh corn and application thereof |
| CN116395777B (en) * | 2023-05-08 | 2023-11-07 | 连云港市农业科学院 | Dissolved oxygen removing device in water for identifying flooding resistance |
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