CN104905073A - Method for producing meat duck complete feed by solid state enzyme solution and fermentation - Google Patents
Method for producing meat duck complete feed by solid state enzyme solution and fermentation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing meat duck complete feed by solid state enzyme solution and fermentation, comprising the steps of: liquid culturing candida utilis, bacillus natto and lactobacillus plantarum; preparing a mixed bacterium solution according to the proportion; mixing corn, cornstalk and other materials according to the proportion of formula and putting into an explosion tank, and performing steam explosion under certain conditions; mixing the materials after steam explosion with the mixed bacterium solution according to the proportion, and adding enzymatic preparations to prepare mixed materials; sending the mixed materials into a special modular solid state biological material continuous fermentation device for performing enzyme solution and fermentation, drying the fermented materials and thereby obtaining the meat duck complete feed. According to the method, the modular automatic fermentation device is adopted, and after being mixed with the fermentation bacterium solution and the enzymatic preparations, the materials after explosion is put into the modular solid state biological material automatic fermentation device for performing enzyme solution and fermentation, so that the requirements of automatically controlling temperature, humidity and ventilation quantity are achieved, the biotransformation efficiency is high, the fermentation period is short, the loss is little, the costs are low, and the requirements of mechanized and large-scale production can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fleshy duck fodder, especially relate to a kind of method that solid enzyme hydrolysis and fermentation produces meat duck complete feed.
Background technology
Flourish along with feed industry, feed is progressively to pollution-free industry future development, and therefore, the development of biological feedstuff is trend of the times.Manufacture the raw material mainly agricultural byproducts such as all kinds of agricultural crop straw, bran, cotton dregs, the dish dregs of rice, poor slag of biological feedstuff, all containing a large amount of ANFs in these agricultural byproducts, as just contained trypsin inhibitor, Soybean antigen protein, uric acid, phytolectin, non-starch class polysaccharide etc. in plant waste matter class, containing a large amount of celluloses in the raw material such as stalk, poor slag, the ANFs such as hemicellulose, all by the sufficient digestibility and utilization of animal, the complete feed of meat duck can not be more not suitable as during these raw materials of direct application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of solid enzyme hydrolysis and fermentation to produce the method for meat duck complete feed, the feed product good palatability obtained, the nutritive index needed for the growth of meat duck can be met.
For achieving the above object, the present invention can take following technical proposals:
The method that solid enzyme hydrolysis and fermentation of the present invention produces meat duck complete feed comprises the steps:
the first step, liquid fermentation
A, by cultivate activation candida utili bacterial classification SPSS make suspension, be inoculated in fermentation medium cultivate 20 ~ 24h, obtain candida utili zymotic fluid;
B, by cultivate activation bafillus natto kind SPSS make suspension, be inoculated into cultivation and fermentation 18 ~ 24h in liquid fermentation medium, obtain bacillus natto to ferment liquid;
C, by cultivate activation Lactobacillus plantarum SPSS make suspension, be inoculated into cultivation and fermentation 18 ~ 22h in liquid fermentation medium, obtain Lactobacillus plantarum zymotic fluid;
D, that above-mentioned three kinds of zymotic fluids are made mixed bacteria liquid is according to a certain percentage for subsequent use;
second step, solid enzymolysis and fermentation
A, corn, maize straw, wheat bran, dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs, zein powder raw material are mixed rear loading detonation by formula rate, the saturated vapor of 180 ~ 250 DEG C is passed into after the sealing of detonation tank body, after detonation pressure reaches 0.5 ~ 2.0Mpa, maintain 1 ~ 5min, in 0.00875s, open operated pneumatic valve carry out steam blasting;
B, the mixed bacteria liquid the material after gas explosion and the first step prepared are by weight
1:0.50 ~ 0.65ratio mix in mixer, add neutral proteinase 25 ~ 80 U/g raw material simultaneously, cellulase 50 ~ 180 IU/g raw material, zytase 25 ~ 50 IU/g raw material, mannase 20 ~ 55 IU/g raw material, pectase 35 ~ 80 U/g raw material, phytase 5 ~ 15 U/g raw material, middle temperature amylase 12 ~ 20 U/g raw material, carbohydrase 120 ~ 200 U/g raw material, mix rear adjustment moisture to 38 ~ 42%, make mixed material;
C, mixed material sent in special modular solid-state biological raw material continuous fermentation apparatus and carries out enzymolysis and fermentation, setting enzymolysis and fermentation temperature 28 ~ 40 DEG C, relative humidity 60 ~ 90%, fermentation time 24 ~ 36h:
Mixed material sends into pendulum distributing device by elevator, enter scraper plate distributing device again, evenly be distributed in the upper shed casing of each box unit of the most top layer fermenting cellar of the pylon being provided with N layer fermenting cellar from bottom to top by scraper plate distributing device, after material reaches the cloth height of setting, lower turning type plate-turning door bottom each box unit of top layer is opened automatically, ferments in upper shed casing materials overturning being discharged into below N-1 layer fermenting cellar; Top layer lower turning type plate-turning door after discharging is closed, and starts next round cloth; When material fermentation in the upper shed casing of N-1 layer fermenting cellar is to setting value, fermentation is continued in the upper shed casing by the lower turning type plate-turning door bottom it materials overturning being discharged to N-2 layer fermenting cellar again, the N-1 layer lower turning type plate-turning door closedown that discharging is complete, meet the material under top layer upper shed casing varus unloading, new round cloth is carried out again in top layer upper shed casing, the like, realize continuously fermenting of material; When materials overturning to be discharged in bottom first layer upper shed casing after fermentation, the lower turning type plate-turning door of ground floor is opened, and the material fermented is postponed and gone out hopper and be discharged on discharging drag conveyor;
When material continuously ferments in the upper shed casing of ground floor to N-1 layer fermenting cellar, the humiture of every layer of fermentation materials relies on the air intake temp and humidity regulator be connected on air channel adjustment pipeline to control;
3rd step, dry
After material passes on away by discharging drag conveyor, for subsequent use lower than the dried material of 12.5% to water content through less than 80 DEG C low temperature dryings;
4th step, prepares compound premix
Calcium monohydrogen phosphate, montmorillonite, amino acid, the many ore deposits of meat duck, meat duck B B-complex, choline, secondary powder, proper amount of salt are mixed, obtained meat duck compound premix;
5th step, mixing
The meat duck compound premix that the dried material obtain the 3rd step and the 4th step obtain mixes, and adds time powder, stone grain and grease, can obtain meat duck complete feed finished product after mixing.
In described second step, the humiture method of adjustment of fermentation materials is:
Material fermentation temperature in the upper shed casing of any layer fermenting cellar box unit, when humidity departs from setting value, open air blast and air exhauster, open the air draft motor-driven valve of this layer of fermenting cellar internal box unit upper shed casing simultaneously, and open the air intake motor-driven valve of the lower floor fermenting cellar each box unit upper shed casing adjacent with this layer, the wind of air blast conveying is by after the adjustment of air intake temp and humidity regulator, enter in lower floor's fermenting cellar each box unit upper shed casing adjacent with this layer through air intake passage, and the crack between a door and its frame of lower turning type flange door through this layer of described fermenting cellar box unit, the tube wall gap of guide duct, after to penetrate in described this layer of fermenting cellar each box unit upper shed casing material bed, discharge from air exhaust passage, when the material in fermenting cellar is in oxygen consumption yeast phase, carry out ventilation oxygen supply according to above-mentioned steps appropriateness unlatching air intake motor-driven valve and air draft motor-driven valve, in the fermentation stability phase, close or turn down air intake motor-driven valve and air draft motor-driven valve.
In described second step the temperature and humidity regulation method of power of blowing be:
When needs hot blast, external heat working medium enters the shell side of tubular heat exchanger, heats the natural wind by tube side, otherwise outside cold working medium enters the shell side of tubular heat exchanger, lowers the temperature to the natural wind by tube side;
When needs humidification, external water source enters humidifier section by pipeline, carries out humidification and dedusting by cascade to the natural wind of process.
The invention has the advantages that the mode adopting gas explosion to combine with enzymolysis and biofermentation is carried out biology and transformed.Steam explosion technology is utilized to carry out pretreatment to raw material, pass through demolition set, utilize saturated steam by heating raw materials to certain pressure, steam is made to infiltrate material institutional framework inside under pressure, form powerful compressed gas physical efficiency and explosion release at short notice, thus break the large molecular lattice structure of material from molecular level, to the physical arrangement of material and chemical composition, there is very strong reconstruct effect, decompose ANFs, and make material slaking, be convenient to the trans-utilization of solid state fermentation stage enzymolysis and fermentable, shorten fermentation period; Gas explosion simultaneously can reach the object to raw material sterilizing, makes the pollution reducing miscellaneous bacteria in solid fermentation process, ensures the quality of product.
The inventive method adopts modularization automatic fermentation device to carry out solid state fermentation.Enzymolysis and biofermentation is carried out in the solid-state biological raw material automatic fermentation device of load moduleization after material after explosion mixes with zymocyte liquid and enzyme preparation; achieve temperature automatically controlled, to control the ventilation that wets, controls requirement; biological transformation ratio is high; fermentation period is short; loss is few; cost is low, can realize the Production requirement of mechanization, scale.
The inventive method is for the feature of meat duck complete feed, fully excavate the available potential of feedstuff, the finished product feedstuff obtained improves palatability, improves efficiency of feed utilization, and the nutritional labeling in feedstuff can be made to transform rapidly, has the effect strengthening digestion, be beneficial to absorption.The nutrition class material such as beneficial bacterium, amino acid, biochemical enzymes, somatomedin that in sweat, secretion is a large amount of with synthesis, adjust and improve the immunity of organisms of meat duck, reach prevent disease, improve survival rate, growth promoting effects, reduce costs, the effects such as increasing both production and income.When using as meat duck complete feed, can reduce or not need additionally to add the additive such as probio, enzyme preparation, and product can meet the nutritional need needed for the growth of meat duck completely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of modular solid-state biological raw material continuous fermentation apparatus special in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of air intake temp and humidity regulator in Fig. 1.
Detailed description of the invention
The method that solid enzyme hydrolysis and fermentation of the present invention produces meat duck complete feed comprises the steps:
the first step, liquid fermentation
A, the candida utili bacterial classification SPSS using YPD medium culture to activate is made suspension, be inoculated in fermentation medium, wherein contain 10% glucose or molasses, 0.5% ammonium sulfate, 0.5% dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.05% magnesium sulfate in fermentation medium used; According to ventilation 1:0.4, tank temperature 30-32 DEG C, tank pressure 0.06 ~ 0.08Mpa cultivate 20 ~ 24h, obtain candida utili zymotic fluid;
B, the bafillus natto kind SPSS of beef-protein medium activation culture will be used to make suspension, be inoculated in liquid fermentation medium, wherein contain bean cake powder 1.0-3.0% in fermentation medium used, corn flour 1.0-3.0%, magnesium sulfate 0.2-0.6%, manganese sulfate 0.02-0.06%, sodium chloride 0.5-1.0%; Condition of culture: tank pressure 0.05-0.1 Mpa, speed of agitator 170-230 r/min, ventilation 1:0. 5-1.2, cultivation temperature 32-35 DEG C, cultivation and fermentation 18 ~ 24h, obtains bacillus natto to ferment liquid;
C, use solid MRS cultivate Lactobacillus plantarum, the Lactobacillus plantarum SPSS cultivating activation is made suspension, be inoculated in liquid fermentation medium, wherein contain glucose or molasses 20-50g/L, corn steep liquor 20-35 g/L in fermentation medium used, bitter salt 0.25-0.35 g/L, four hydrated manganese sulfate 0.01-0.015 g/L, seven ferric sulfate hydrate 0.01-0.015 g/L, sodium acetate 16-21 g/L, Tween-80 l mL/L; Condition of culture: tank pressure 0.05-0.1 Mpa, quiescent culture, cultivation temperature 30-32 DEG C, cultivation and fermentation 18 ~ 22h, obtain Lactobacillus plantarum zymotic fluid;
D, that above-mentioned three kinds of zymotic fluids are made mixed bacteria liquid is according to a certain percentage for subsequent use;
second step, solid enzymolysis and fermentation
A, corn, maize straw, wheat bran, dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs, zein powder raw material are mixed rear loading detonation by formula rate, the saturated vapor of 180 ~ 250 DEG C is passed into after the sealing of detonation tank body, after detonation pressure reaches 0.5 ~ 2.0Mpa, maintain 1 ~ 5min, in 0.00875s, open operated pneumatic valve carry out steam blasting;
B, the mixed bacteria liquid the material after gas explosion and the first step prepared are by weight
1:0.50 ~ 0.65ratio mix in mixer, add neutral proteinase 25 ~ 80 U/g raw material simultaneously, cellulase 50 ~ 180 IU/g raw material, zytase 25 ~ 50 IU/g raw material, mannase 20 ~ 55 IU/g raw material, pectase 35 ~ 80 U/g raw material, phytase 5 ~ 15 U/g raw material, middle temperature amylase 12 ~ 20 U/g raw material, carbohydrase 120 ~ 200 U/g raw material, mix rear adjustment moisture to 38 ~ 42%, make mixed material;
C, mixed material sent in special modular solid-state biological raw material continuous fermentation apparatus and carries out enzymolysis and fermentation, setting enzymolysis and fermentation temperature 28 ~ 40 DEG C, relative humidity 60 ~ 90%, fermentation time 24 ~ 36h, as shown in Figure 1, the pylon of this continuous fermentation apparatus is provided with five layers of fermenting cellar:
Mixed material sends into pendulum distributing device 2 by elevator 1, enter scraper plate distributing device 3 again, be evenly distributed in the upper shed casing of each box unit 4 of layer 5 fermenting cellar by scraper plate distributing device 3, the cloth height reaching setting when material (that is: is detected by material-level measure sensor 5 and transfers data to the industrial computer of control system, industrial computer sends instruction and stops upstream equipment charging) after, turnover panel executing agency 6 bottom box unit controls lower turning type plate-turning door and automatically opens, materials overturning is discharged into below the 4th layer of fermenting cellar upper shed casing in ferment, now the lower turning type plate-turning door of the 4th layer of each box unit of fermenting cellar is in closed condition, material obtains once inside out in the process scattered, layer 5 lower turning type plate-turning door after discharging is after the time of setting, and industrial computer controls it and closes, and starts to enter next round cloth, material fermentation in the upper shed casing of the 4th layer of fermenting cellar is after setting-up time, industrial computer sends instruction, open the lower turning type plate-turning door of the 4th each box unit 4 of fermenting cellar, material scatters in the upper shed casing of each box unit 4 of third layer fermenting cellar under gravity, material scatter in process obtain second time stirring.After the time of setting, the lower turning type plate-turning door that industrial computer controls the 4th layer of each box unit 4 of fermenting cellar is closed, and enters next round charging.
The course of work of third layer fermenting cellar, second layer fermenting cellar is identical with the 4th layer of fermenting cellar, no longer repeats; When after fermentation during materials overturning is discharged in ground floor upper shed casing, the lower turning type plate-turning door that industrial computer controls ground floor is opened, and the material fermented is postponed and gone out hopper 7 and be discharged on discharging drag conveyor 8;
The upper shed casing of each box unit 4 of the most top layer fermenting cellar of pylon of the modular solid-state biological raw material continuous fermentation apparatus that the present invention is special only plays cloth effect, and do not ferment, each layer fermenting cellar below top layer carries out fermentation work continuously;
When material continuously ferments successively in the upper shed casing of each layer fermenting cellar, in every layer of fermenting cellar, the humiture of fermentation materials relies on the air intake temp and humidity regulator 9 be connected on air channel adjustment pipeline to control;
3rd step, dry
After material passes on away by discharging drag conveyor, for subsequent use lower than the dried material of 12.5% to water content through less than 80 DEG C low temperature dryings;
4th step, prepares compound premix
Calcium monohydrogen phosphate, montmorillonite, amino acid, the many ore deposits of meat duck, meat duck B B-complex, choline, secondary powder, proper amount of salt are mixed, obtained meat duck compound premix;
5th step, mixing
The meat duck compound premix that the dried material obtain the 3rd step and the 4th step obtain mixes, and adds time powder, stone grain and grease, can obtain meat duck complete feed finished product after mixing.
For humiture when ensureing material fermentation meets design requirement, in each layer fermenting cellar, the humiture adjustment of material can be carried out by the following method:
For third layer, when material fermentation temperature in industrial computer to detect third layer fermenting cellar box unit 4 upper shed casing by Temperature Humidity Sensor, when humidity departs from setting value, industrial computer sends instruction, open air blast 10 and air exhauster 11, open the air intake motor-driven valve 12 towards second layer fermenting cellar each box unit upper shed casing and the air draft motor-driven valve 13 towards third layer fermenting cellar internal box unit upper shed casing simultaneously, after the wind that air blast 10 is carried is regulated by air intake temp and humidity regulator 9, enter in second layer fermenting cellar each box unit upper shed casing through air intake passage 14, and the crack between a door and its frame of lower turning type flange door through third layer fermenting cellar box unit, the tube wall gap of guide duct, after to penetrate in third layer fermenting cellar each box unit upper shed casing material bed, discharge from air exhaust passage 15, that is: wind-force second layer fermenting cellar from below enters, be discharged from third layer fermenting cellar after penetrating the material in third layer fermenting cellar, humiture in third layer fermenting cellar is adjusted, regulative mode is ingenious and remarkably productive, when the material in fermenting cellar is in oxygen consumption yeast phase, carry out ventilation oxygen supply according to above-mentioned steps appropriateness unlatching air intake motor-driven valve 12 and air draft motor-driven valve 13, in the fermentation stability phase, can close or turn down air intake motor-driven valve 12 and air draft motor-driven valve 13.
The wind-force of air blast conveying enters air intake temp and humidity regulator 9(as shown in Figure 2) in after the control method of concrete humiture be:
When needing hot blast in fermenting cellar, industrial computer controls Electrocontrolled tee valve 16 and opens the valve with external source UNICOM, external heat working medium enters the shell side 17 of tubular heat exchanger, heats the natural wind by tube side 18, to improve the temperature of fermentation materials in fermenting cellar; Otherwise industrial computer controls Electrocontrolled tee valve 16 and opens the valve with external source UNICOM, and outside cold working medium enters the shell side 17 of tubular heat exchanger, lowers the temperature to the natural wind by tube side 18, to reduce the temperature of fermentation materials in fermenting cellar;
When needing to carry out humidification to the material in fermenting cellar, industrial computer controls electrically-controlled valve 19 and opens, external water source enters in humidifier tube 21 by pipeline 20,5 ~ 10cm Hou five road the cascade 22 formed can carry out humidification, and (per pass cascade is all controlled by a tap to the natural wind through humidifier tube 21, the height of the relative humidity that can detect according to fermenting cellar humidity meter, regulated the humidity entering fermentation room air by the quantity opening and closing tap, thus improve relative humidity; If relative humidity higher than 90% time, stronger ventilation amount can be carried out, to reduce the relative humidity in fermenting cellar by opening air blast 10 and air exhauster 11); Meanwhile, also dust removal process can be obtained by the wind of humidifier tube 21 simultaneously.Certainly, also can carry out humidification and hyperthermic treatment to the natural wind sent into simultaneously, or humidification and cooling processing.
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described in detail.
embodiment 1
The method that solid enzyme hydrolysis and fermentation of the present invention produces meat duck complete feed comprises the steps:
the first step, liquid fermentation
The concrete preparation method of candida utili zymotic fluid, bacillus natto to ferment liquid, Lactobacillus plantarum zymotic fluid is with described in detailed description of the invention, and it is for subsequent use that it is made mixed bacteria liquid in the ratio of 1:1:1;
second step, solid enzymolysis and fermentation
A, corn 320kg, wheat bran 100kg, dregs of beans 50kg, rapeseed dregs 100kg, corn protein powder 60kg are mixed rear loading detonation, coefficient is 60 ~ 80%, the saturated vapor of 200 DEG C is passed into after the sealing of detonation tank body, after detonation pressure reaches 1.0Mpa, maintain 2min, in 0.00875s, open operated pneumatic valve carry out steam blasting;
B, mixed bacteria liquid 1:0.50 ratio by weight prepared by the material after gas explosion and the first step, mix in mixer, add neutral proteinase 55 U/g raw material simultaneously, cellulase 80 IU/g raw material, zytase 35 IU/g raw material, mannase 30 IU/g raw material, pectase 45 U/g raw material, phytase 15 U/g raw material, middle temperature amylase 20 U/g raw material, carbohydrase 200 U/g raw material, mixes rear adjustment moisture to 38%, makes mixed material;
C, mixed material sent in special modular solid-state biological raw material continuous fermentation apparatus (as shown in Figure 1) and carries out enzymolysis and fermentation, setting enzymolysis and fermentation temperature 28 ~ 40 DEG C, relative humidity 60 ~ 90%, fermentation time 24 h:
3rd step, dry
After material passes on away by discharging drag conveyor, for subsequent use lower than the dried material of 12.5% to water content through less than 80 DEG C low temperature dryings;
4th step, prepares compound premix
By calcium monohydrogen phosphate 9.5 kg, montmorillonite 1.0 kg, 98.5% content threonine 0.85 kg, 55% content lysine 8.84 kg, 98.5% methionine 1.5 kg, 98.5% content tryptophan 0.17 kg, meat duck many ore deposits 2.0 kg, meat duck B B-complex 0.3 kg, 50% content choline 1.0 kg, secondary powder 8.34 kg, salt 3.0 kg, mix in mixer, be prepared into young meat ducks compound premix;
5th step, mixing
The young meat ducks compound premix that the dried material obtain the 3rd step and the 4th step obtain mixes, and adds 300kg powder, and the vegetable oil of 13.5kg 8 ~ 10 object stone grain and 20kg or animal oil can obtain young meat ducks complete feed finished product after mixing.This feed good palatability, can meet the nutritional need of young meat ducks completely.The nutritive index of obtained young meat ducks complete feed finished product sees the following form 1.
The young meat ducks complete feed nutritive index that table 1 the present invention obtains
。
feeding experiment:
The normal diet selecting the young meat ducks complete feed nutritive index that obtains with the present invention consistent carries out feeding experiment, the results are shown in following table 2:
Table 2 young meat ducks feeding experiment (Cherry Village Ducks 0-21 days)
。
As can be seen from Table 2, this ferment complete feed of feeding, daily gain is many compared with control group; Feedstuff-meat ratio is low; Diarrhea rate and mortality obviously reduce.
embodiment 2
The method that solid enzyme hydrolysis and fermentation of the present invention produces meat duck complete feed comprises the steps:
the first step, liquid fermentation
By the concrete preparation method of candida utili zymotic fluid, bacillus natto to ferment liquid, Lactobacillus plantarum zymotic fluid with described in detailed description of the invention, and it is for subsequent use that it is made mixed bacteria liquid in the ratio of 2:1:1;
second step, solid enzymolysis and fermentation
A, maize straw 70kg, corn 320kg, wheat bran 100kg, dregs of beans 30kg, rapeseed dregs 30kg, corn protein powder 80kg are mixed rear loading detonation, coefficient is 60 ~ 80%, the saturated vapor of 200 DEG C is passed into after the sealing of detonation tank body, after detonation pressure reaches 1.5Mpa, maintain 5min, in 0.00875s, open operated pneumatic valve carry out steam blasting;
B, mixed bacteria liquid 1:0.60 ratio by weight prepared by the material after gas explosion and the first step, mix in mixer, add neutral proteinase 25 U/g raw material simultaneously, cellulase 180 IU/g raw material, zytase 35 IU/g raw material, mannase 35 IU/g raw material, pectase 55 U/g raw material, phytase 5 U/g raw material, middle temperature amylase 18 U/g raw material, carbohydrase 160 U/g raw material, mixes rear adjustment moisture to 40%, makes mixed material;
C, mixed material sent in special modular solid-state biological raw material continuous fermentation apparatus (as shown in Figure 1) and carries out enzymolysis and fermentation, setting enzymolysis and fermentation temperature 28 ~ 40 DEG C, relative humidity 60 ~ 90%, fermentation time 30 h:
3rd step, dry
After material passes on away by discharging drag conveyor, for subsequent use lower than the dried material of 12.5% to water content through less than 80 DEG C low temperature dryings;
4th step, prepares compound premix
By calcium monohydrogen phosphate 11.0 kg, montmorillonite 1.0 kg, 98.5% content threonine 0.92kg, 55% content lysine 8.5 kg, 98.5% methionine 1.59 kg, 98.5% content tryptophan 0.24 kg, meat duck many ore deposits 1.8 kg, meat duck B B-complex 0.3 kg, 50% content choline 1.0 kg, secondary powder 6.65 kg, salt 3.0 kg, mix in mixer, be prepared into duck compound premix in meat;
5th step, mixing
In the meat that the dried material obtain the 3rd step and the 4th step obtain, duck compound premix mixes, and adds 300kg powder, the vegetable oil of 14kg 8 ~ 10 object stone grain and 20kg or animal oil, can obtain duck complete feed finished product in meat after mixing.This feed good palatability, can meet the nutritional need of duck in meat completely.In obtained meat, the nutritive index of duck complete feed finished product sees the following form 3.
Duck complete feed nutritive index in the meat that table 3 the present invention obtains
。
feeding experiment:
Select the normal diet that in the meat obtained with the present invention, duck complete feed nutritive index is consistent to carry out feeding experiment, the results are shown in following table 4:
Duck feeding experiment (Cherry Village Ducks 22-32 days) in table 4 meat
。
As can be seen from Table 4, this ferment complete feed of feeding, daily gain is many compared with control group; Feedstuff-meat ratio is low; Diarrhea rate and mortality obviously reduce.
embodiment 3:
The method that solid enzyme hydrolysis and fermentation of the present invention produces meat duck complete feed comprises the steps:
the first step, liquid fermentation
By the concrete preparation method of candida utili zymotic fluid, bacillus natto to ferment liquid, Lactobacillus plantarum zymotic fluid with described in detailed description of the invention, and it is for subsequent use that it is made mixed bacteria liquid in the ratio of 2:2:1;
second step, solid enzymolysis and fermentation
A, maize straw 90kg, corn 350kg, wheat bran 80kg, rapeseed dregs 30kg, corn protein powder 80kg are mixed rear loading detonation, coefficient is 60 ~ 80%, the saturated vapor of 250 DEG C is passed into after the sealing of detonation tank body, after detonation pressure reaches 2.0Mpa, maintain 1min, in 0.00875s, open operated pneumatic valve carry out steam blasting;
B, the mixed bacteria liquid 1:0.65 ratio by weight material after gas explosion and the first step prepared, mix in mixer, add neutral proteinase 80 U/g raw material simultaneously, cellulase 160 IU/g raw material, zytase 50 IU/g raw material, mannase 55 IU/g raw material, pectase 80 U/g raw material, phytase 15 U/g raw material, middle temperature amylase 12 U/g raw material, carbohydrase 120 U/g raw material, mix rear adjustment moisture to 42%, make mixed material;
C, mixed material sent in special modular solid-state biological raw material continuous fermentation apparatus (as shown in Figure 1) and carries out enzymolysis and fermentation, setting enzymolysis and fermentation temperature 28 ~ 40 DEG C, relative humidity 60 ~ 90%, fermentation time 36 h:
3rd step, dry
After material passes on away by discharging drag conveyor, for subsequent use lower than the dried material of 12.5% to water content through less than 80 DEG C low temperature dryings;
4th step, prepares compound premix
By calcium monohydrogen phosphate 11.0 kg, montmorillonite 1.0 kg, 98.5% content threonine 0.8kg, 55% content lysine 8.1 kg, 98.5% methionine 1.14 kg, 98.5% content tryptophan 0.34 kg, meat duck many ore deposits 1.6 kg, meat duck B B-complex 0.25 kg, 50% content choline 1.0 kg, secondary powder 9.27 kg, salt 3.0 kg, mix in mixer, be prepared into the large duck compound premix of meat;
5th step, mixing
The large duck compound premix of meat that the dried material obtain the 3rd step and the 4th step obtain mixes, and adds 300kg powder, the vegetable oil of 12.5kg 8 ~ 10 object stone grain and 20kg or animal oil, can obtain meat large duck complete feed finished product after mixing.This feed good palatability, can meet the nutritional need of the large duck of meat completely.The nutritive index of obtained meat large duck complete feed finished product sees the following form 5.
Duck complete feed nutritive index in the meat that table 5 the present invention obtains
。
feeding experiment:
Select the consistent normal diet of the meat obtained with the present invention large duck complete feed nutritive index to carry out feeding experiment, the results are shown in following table 6:
The large duck feeding experiment of table 6 meat (Cherry Village Ducks 33-42 days)
。
As can be seen from Table 6, this ferment complete feed of feeding, daily gain is many compared with control group; Feedstuff-meat ratio is low; Diarrhea rate and mortality obviously reduce.
Claims (3)
1. solid enzyme hydrolysis and fermentation produces a method for meat duck complete feed, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
the first step, liquid fermentation
A, by cultivate activation candida utili bacterial classification SPSS make suspension, be inoculated in fermentation medium cultivate 20 ~ 24h, obtain candida utili zymotic fluid;
B, by cultivate activation bafillus natto kind SPSS make suspension, be inoculated into cultivation and fermentation 18 ~ 24h in liquid fermentation medium, obtain bacillus natto to ferment liquid;
C, by cultivate activation Lactobacillus plantarum SPSS make suspension, be inoculated into cultivation and fermentation 18 ~ 22h in liquid fermentation medium, obtain Lactobacillus plantarum zymotic fluid;
D, that above-mentioned three kinds of zymotic fluids are made mixed bacteria liquid is according to a certain percentage for subsequent use;
second step, solid enzymolysis and fermentation
A, corn, maize straw, wheat bran, dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs, zein powder raw material are mixed rear loading detonation by formula rate, the saturated vapor of 180 ~ 250 DEG C is passed into after the sealing of detonation tank body, after detonation pressure reaches 0.5 ~ 2.0Mpa, maintain 1 ~ 5min, in 0.00875s, open operated pneumatic valve carry out steam blasting;
B, the mixed bacteria liquid the material after gas explosion and the first step prepared are by weight
1:0.50 ~ 0.65ratio mix in mixer, add neutral proteinase 25 ~ 80 U/g raw material simultaneously, cellulase 50 ~ 180 IU/g raw material, zytase 25 ~ 50 IU/g raw material, mannase 20 ~ 55 IU/g raw material, pectase 35 ~ 80 U/g raw material, phytase 5 ~ 15 U/g raw material, middle temperature amylase 12 ~ 20 U/g raw material, carbohydrase 120 ~ 200 U/g raw material, mix rear adjustment moisture to 38 ~ 42%, make mixed material;
C, mixed material sent in special modular solid-state biological raw material continuous fermentation apparatus and carries out enzymolysis and fermentation, setting enzymolysis and fermentation temperature 28 ~ 40 DEG C, relative humidity 60 ~ 90%, fermentation time 24 ~ 36h:
Mixed material sends into pendulum distributing device by elevator, enter scraper plate distributing device again, evenly be distributed in the upper shed casing of each box unit of the most top layer fermenting cellar of the pylon being provided with N layer fermenting cellar from bottom to top by scraper plate distributing device, after material reaches the cloth height of setting, lower turning type plate-turning door bottom each box unit of top layer is opened automatically, ferments in upper shed casing materials overturning being discharged into below N-1 layer fermenting cellar; Top layer lower turning type plate-turning door after discharging is closed, and starts next round cloth; When material fermentation in the upper shed casing of N-1 layer fermenting cellar is to setting value, fermentation is continued in the upper shed casing by the lower turning type plate-turning door bottom it materials overturning being discharged to N-2 layer fermenting cellar again, the N-1 layer lower turning type plate-turning door closedown that discharging is complete, meet the material under top layer upper shed casing varus unloading, new round cloth is carried out again in top layer upper shed casing, the like, realize continuously fermenting of material; When materials overturning to be discharged in bottom first layer upper shed casing after fermentation, the lower turning type plate-turning door of ground floor is opened, and the material fermented is postponed and gone out hopper and be discharged on discharging drag conveyor;
When material continuously ferments in the upper shed casing of ground floor to N-1 layer fermenting cellar, the humiture of every layer of fermentation materials relies on the air intake temp and humidity regulator be connected on air channel adjustment pipeline to control;
3rd step, dry
After material passes on away by discharging drag conveyor, for subsequent use lower than the dried material of 12.5% to water content through less than 80 DEG C low temperature dryings;
4th step, prepares compound premix
Calcium monohydrogen phosphate, montmorillonite, amino acid, the many ore deposits of meat duck, meat duck B B-complex, choline, secondary powder, proper amount of salt are mixed, obtained meat duck compound premix;
5th step, mixing
The meat duck compound premix that the dried material obtain the 3rd step and the 4th step obtain mixes, and adds time powder, stone grain and grease, can obtain meat duck complete feed finished product after mixing.
2. solid enzyme hydrolysis and fermentation according to claim 1 produces the method for meat duck complete feed, it is characterized in that: in described second step, the humiture method of adjustment of fermentation materials is:
Material fermentation temperature in the upper shed casing of any layer fermenting cellar box unit, when humidity departs from setting value, open air blast and air exhauster, open the air draft motor-driven valve of this layer of fermenting cellar internal box unit upper shed casing simultaneously, and open the air intake motor-driven valve of the lower floor fermenting cellar each box unit upper shed casing adjacent with this layer, the wind of air blast conveying is by after the adjustment of air intake temp and humidity regulator, enter in lower floor's fermenting cellar each box unit upper shed casing adjacent with this layer through air intake passage, and the crack between a door and its frame of lower turning type flange door through this layer of described fermenting cellar box unit, the tube wall gap of guide duct, after to penetrate in described this layer of fermenting cellar each box unit upper shed casing material bed, discharge from air exhaust passage, when the material in fermenting cellar is in oxygen consumption yeast phase, carry out ventilation oxygen supply according to above-mentioned steps appropriateness unlatching air intake motor-driven valve and air draft motor-driven valve, in the fermentation stability phase, close or turn down air intake motor-driven valve and air draft motor-driven valve.
3. solid enzyme hydrolysis and fermentation according to claim 1 produces the method for meat duck complete feed, it is characterized in that: in described second step the temperature and humidity regulation method of power of blowing be:
When needs hot blast, external heat working medium enters the shell side of tubular heat exchanger, heats the natural wind by tube side, otherwise outside cold working medium enters the shell side of tubular heat exchanger, lowers the temperature to the natural wind by tube side;
When needs humidification, external water source enters humidifier section by pipeline, carries out humidification and dedusting by cascade to the natural wind of process.
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Application publication date: 20150916 |