CN104893733B - A kind of auxotype vega soil acidification improvement agent prescription and its application method - Google Patents

A kind of auxotype vega soil acidification improvement agent prescription and its application method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104893733B
CN104893733B CN201510249011.8A CN201510249011A CN104893733B CN 104893733 B CN104893733 B CN 104893733B CN 201510249011 A CN201510249011 A CN 201510249011A CN 104893733 B CN104893733 B CN 104893733B
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soil
vega
auxotype
modifying agent
application method
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CN104893733A (en
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张继光
张忠锋
张伟峰
程森
蔡宪杰
卢晓华
高林
申国明
朱启法
薛林
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Anhui Wannan Tobacco Leaf Co ltd
Shanghai Tobacco Group Co Ltd
Tobacco Research Institute of CAAS
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Anhui Wannan Tobacco Leaf Co ltd
Shanghai Tobacco Group Co Ltd
Tobacco Research Institute of CAAS
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/02Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
    • C09K17/06Calcium compounds, e.g. lime
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09CRECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/08Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2109/00MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of auxotype vega soil acidification improvement agent prescription and its application method belong to acidified soil and administer and recovery technique field.Auxotype vega soil acidification improvement agent prescription is mixed formed in proportion by dolomite dust, quick lime, biological black wood charcoal and silicon calcium powder.Its application method is:First before vega ploughs ridging, after 5 mixed samplings, the acid-base property of soil is analyzed with acidometer.If acidizing degree height need to be improved, before vega farming ridging, auxotype soil acidification modifying agent is spread fertilizer over the fields in vega earth's surface, then ploughs mixing, specific dosage and lasting usage time will be depending on soil acidification severity.Above-mentioned auxotype vega soil acidification improvement agent prescription and its application method, component design is reasonable, and application method is proper, can not only significantly improve vega soil acidification situation, and can promote developing tobacco and disease resistance, the yield and quality for improving flue-cured tobacco.In addition, also there is the good result for improving resistance and promoting yield for rear stubble rice.

Description

A kind of auxotype vega soil acidification improvement agent prescription and its application method
Technical field
It is administered the invention belongs to acidified soil and recovery technique field, and in particular to a kind of acidification of auxotype vega soil changes Good agent prescription and its application method.
Background technology
Some researches show that China's acid soil areas(pH<5.5)7% before 30 years, rise to current 18%.South 14 provinces(Area, city)Soil pH<5.5 area ratio is expanded to 40%, pH by 20%<4.5 by 1% are expanded to 4%.According to another national cigarette Careless balance fertilizing findings of the survey show have significant portion soil pH value less than tobacco the most suitable growth in China's Major Tobacco Soils PH value(5.5-6.5), wherein based on Main Tobacco-growing Regions In South.Directly affected after soil acidification Soil Nutrient Transformation and microbial environment and Activity, to have an adverse effect to tobacco growing development and the formation of sound tobacco.Vega soil is not only influenced after soil acidification The tilth of earth and the transformation function of nutrient element increase the precipitation risk of heavy metal in soil;And tobacco soil-borne disease can be increased Harmful incidence, such as tobacco bacterial wilt and balck shank, to seriously affect the promotion of tobacco production and quality.
Due to the generation of a large amount of environmental problems such as unreasonable chemical fertilizer application and acid rain, China's vega soil is caused to be acidified problem It is on the rise.In addition, south China cigarette district is since precipitation is abundant, eluviation is strong, the alkalinity alkali such as calcium, magnesium in soil from Son is largely lost, and causes the major reason of soil acidification.And with the generation and aggravation of soil acidification, soil acidification changes Good measure seems ever more important.Many scholars have carried out the research work in terms of vega acidification improvement, and straw are used if any research Stalk returning to the field, green manuring increase the measures such as organic fertilizer increase soil buffer performance, and the decline process of soil pH is effectively relieved, but Effect is slow.Also have and changed applied to soil acidification using chemical improvement agent, such as lime, flyash and other industrial by-products It is good, but the drawbacks of single chemical improvement agent increasingly show.Such as single administration lime in acid soil, short-term improved effect is notable, But application then will appear multiple acidification phenomenon for a long time, can also cause soil texture and fertility to decline, be formed in " the hardened field of lime ".This Outside, industrial by-product species modifying agent itself may just carry heavy metal ion, can be different degrees of during improveing acid soil The risk of upper aggravation heavy metalions accumulation.Therefore, compound vega soil acidification modifying agent is researched and developed, its improvement is not only strengthened The effect of soil acidification, and its trophic function to tobacco is highlighted, this will be as the effective and long of vega soil acidification improvement Effect measure.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the skills that a kind of auxotype vega soil is acidified improvement agent prescription and its application method Art scheme, the invention not only have an excellent properties of improvement vega soil acidification, and with promote developing tobacco and resistance, Improve the effect of its economic characters and quality of tobacco.
Auxotype modifying agent of the present invention mainly by dolomite dust, quick lime, biological black wood charcoal and silicon calcium powder in proportion Composition, method of administration include the following steps:
(1)First before vega ploughs ridging, after being mixed using 5 point samplings, the acid-base property of soil is analyzed with acidometer;
(2)Auxotype soil acidification modifying agent is spread fertilizer over the fields in vega earth's surface, then ploughs mixing, specific dosage is according to soil It is acidified depending on severity.
A kind of auxotype vega soil acidification improvement agent prescription and its application method, modifying agent group become:White clouds 20-30 parts of mountain flour, 10-20 parts of quick lime, biological 10-20 parts of black wood charcoal, 5-10 parts of silicon calcium powder.Biology black wood charcoal therein derives from agriculture Woods waste, such as the stalk of Different Crop, branch, bamboo wood chip, rice husk, peanut shell.
A kind of auxotype vega soil acidification improvement agent prescription and its application method, the raw material of the modifying agent are equal It is required that 80% or more aperture excessively is 380 μm after crushing(40 mesh)Sieve, and stir evenly mixing.
A kind of auxotype vega soil acidification improvement agent prescription and its application method, which is characterized in that step(1) In, if measurement result shows vega soil pH<It needs to carry out conditioner for acidified soil with modifying agent when 6.0.
A kind of auxotype vega soil acidification improvement agent prescription and its application method, which is characterized in that step(2) In, the dosage of auxotype vega soil acidification modifying agent is generally 1500-2250 kg/hm2.In soil 5.5<pH<When 6.0, use Amount is 1500 kg/hm2, in soil pH<5.5, dosage is 2250 kg/hm2
A kind of auxotype vega soil acidification improvement agent prescription and its application method, which is characterized in that the battalion The type of supporting acidification modifying agent will be applied next year, until soil pH reaches 6.5.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention is mixed by dolomite dust, quick lime, biological black wood charcoal and silicon calcium powder, is tool The combined soil of nutritious effect is acidified modifying agent.
Wherein dolomite dust is cheap, can not only improve the acidizing degree of soil, reduces containing for rock picker Amount, and supplement the moderate-elements such as calcium, magnesium for soil.Quick lime can improve acid soil, while have sterilizing effect, Appropriate fit applications can control the increase of the flue-cured tobacco soil-borne disease caused by soil acidification.Straw biological black wood charcoal is a kind of with larger The carbon rich material matter of specific surface area, higher carbon content, chemical inertness and biological stability.Stalk biology black wood charcoal is manured into soil Afterwards, soil ph can be improved, chesson structure improves soil aeration, increases soil organic matter content and improves soil Earth nutrient availability, and have effects that reduce soil pollution.Silicon calcium powder is the alkalescence solubility in citric acid mine based on a kind of silico-calcium Object fertilizer, wherein effective silicon accounts for 20% or more, the content of calcium oxide is 35-45%, has the lasting effect of good improvement soil acidity Can, and silicon is the important resistance and Quality Element of the crops such as rice.In addition, calcium silicate fertilizer also contains various trace elements, it can be effective The cation and other kind of trace element lacked in supplement soil, the Tobacco-rice rotation field particularly suitable for Main Tobacco-growing Regions In South.
The compound acid modifying agent of the present invention can promote tobacco seedling growth on the basis of effectively improvement vega soil acidification And root system development, enhance the nutrient absorption capability and resistance of tobacco, inhibits the generation of the soil-borne diseases such as flue-cured tobacco bacterial wilt, it can be bright The aobvious yield and quality for improving tobacco leaf, and also have the effect of degeneration-resistant for the plantation of rear stubble rice and improve yield and quality.
Description of the drawings
The dynamic change of the different lower vega soil pH value of modifying agent processing in Fig. 1 embodiments 1.
Different modifying agents handle the influence to stubble rice yield after tobacco in Fig. 2 embodiments 1.
The pH value variation of the different lower vega soils of modifying agent processing in Fig. 3 embodiments 2.
Different modifying agents handle lower flue-cured tobacco bacterial wilt incidence and disease index in Fig. 4 embodiments 2.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to two field trials, application effect is carried out to the compound vega acidification modifying agent of the present invention and has been tested Card.
Case study on implementation 1
Test arrangement is carried out in the townshiies Huang Du of Xuancheng City of Anhui Province vega, and the selection soil texture is identical, fertility is close, has representative The acidified soil of property(PH is 5.45).Flue-cured tobacco cultivars are local main breed cloud and mist 97.The rice varieties of stubble plantation are Anhui rice afterwards 129.According to the different group of formula ratios in soil acidity modifying agent(Quick lime, dolomite dust, biological black wood charcoal and silicon calcium powder)If Meter soil acidification improved effect is that total 4 processing of this experiment, specific as follows, CK is the control for not applying acidification modifying agent, T1 To improve agent prescription 1(Whole quick limes), T2 is improvement agent prescription 2(20 parts of dolomite, 10 parts of quick lime), T3 matches for modifying agent Side 3(20 parts of dolomite, 10 parts of quick lime, biological 10 parts of black wood charcoal), T4 is improvement agent prescription 4(20 parts of dolomite, quick lime 10 Part, biological 10 parts of black wood charcoal, 10 parts of silicon calcium powder).Dosage is 2250kg/hm2.Each processing sets 3 repetitions, Mei Gechong for the experiment Multiple area is 222 m2.To ensure that soil acidification modifying agent and soil are sufficiently mixed uniformly, spreads fertilizer over the fields before arable land, then turn over It ploughs, harrows even ridge-forming and fertilizing again, the type and dosage of vega fertilizer are according to local conventional progress.
Result of study shows in local vega pH<In the case of 5.5 strong acid, the soil acidity for carrying out different formulations changes Good experiment, the variation that soil pH is promoted under different disposal is as shown in Figure 1, it prevents virosis and bacterial wilt in the tobacco flat-top phase It is as shown in table 1 to control effect.Influence of the different modifying agent processing to flue-cured tobacco Major Economic is as shown in table 2, to rear stubble rice The influence of yield is as shown in Figure 2.It can be seen that different soils acidification modifying agent, especially combination formula modifying agent can effectively promote vega The pH of soil reduces the incidence of the soil-borne diseases such as tobacco bacterial wilt, increases the yield of tobacco, the ratio of the output value and better-than-average cigarette Example, and its to stubble rice yield behind Tobacco-rice rotation area also have be obviously improved effect.
A situation arises the investigation of the different modifying agent processing experiment flue-cured tobacco flat-top phase diseases of table 1
The different modifying agents of table 2 handle the influence to flue-cured tobacco Major Economic
Test case 2
Test arrangement is carried out in Xuancheng Profile, anhui Province city willow town vega, and the selection soil texture is identical, fertility is close, representative Acidified soil(PH is 6.0).Flue-cured tobacco cultivars are local main breed cloud and mist 97.Matched according to the difference in soil acidification modifying agent Side and ratio(Quick lime, dolomite dust, straw biological black wood charcoal and silicon calcium powder)Design the experiment.Experiment sets 4 processing altogether, specifically For:CK is control(Acidification modifying agent is not applied), T1 is improvement agent prescription 1(20 parts of dolomite, 10 parts of quick lime), T2 is improvement Agent prescription 2(20 parts of dolomite, 20 parts of quick lime, biological 10 parts of black wood charcoal), T3 is improvement agent prescription 3(20 parts of dolomite, quick lime 10 parts, biological 10 parts of black wood charcoal, 10 parts of silicon calcium powder).Dosage is 1500kg/hm2.The experiment each 3 repetitions of processing, Mei Gechong Coverlay product is 120 m2.It is sufficiently mixed uniformly with soil for guarantee soil acidification modifying agent, spreads fertilizer over the fields before arable land, then turn over, Even ridge-forming and fertilizing again is harrowed, the type and dosage of fertilizer are according to local conventional progress.
Result of study shows that the vega under the medium soil acidification that pH is 6.0, the soil acidification for carrying out different formulations change Good experiment.The variation that wherein the lower soil pHs of difference modifying agents processing are promoted is as shown in figure 3,3 equal can stablize of improvement agent prescriptions carry Rise 0.5 unit of soil pH or more.Different modifying agent processing are to the control effect of flat-top phase tobacco bacterial wilt as shown in figure 4, each Formula can considerably reduce the incidence and disease index of tobacco bacterial wilt, wherein best with the control effect of formula 3.From Influence of the different modifying agents to the three big microorganism species and Ralstonia solanacearum of tobacco flat-top phase rhizosphere soil can be seen that(Table 1), 3 Improvement agent prescription improves bacterium and Population of Actinomycetes in soil in various degree, and significantly reduces fungi and blueness in soil The improvement to rhizosphere microorganism flora of the quantity of blight opportunistic pathogen, especially T3 processing is best, followed by T2 processing.It is different Influence of the modifying agent processing to cured tobacco leaf Major Economic is as shown in table 2, it is seen that the formula 3 of soil acidification modifying agent and matches 2 processing of side significantly increases yield, the ratio of the output value and better-than-average cigarette of tobacco.
Influence of 1 different disposal of table to microorganism in flue-cured tobacco flat-top phase rhizosphere soil
Influence of 2 different fertilization of table to the yield of tobacco output value
The above test results show that the soil acidification improvement agent prescription of the present invention can obviously improve soil acidification, and pass through Improving soil integrated status promotes tobacco growing to develop and control the generation of the soil-borne diseases such as bacterial wilt, to improve the production of flue-cured tobacco Amount and quality.And since, containing active ingredients such as effective silicon, calcium, magnesium, this is not only for improvement vega nutrition in improvement agent prescription Situation, the disease resistance for promoting flue-cured tobacco have good result, and after being obviously improved in Tobacco-rice rotation the resistance of stubble rice and Yield and quality.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of auxotype vega soil is acidified modifying agent, which is characterized in that the modifying agent group becomes:Dolomite dust 20-30 Part, 10-20 parts of quick lime, biological 10-20 parts of black wood charcoal, 5-10 parts of silicon calcium powder, above-mentioned raw materials are required to crush, 80% or more original Material is 380 μm of sieve by aperture, and is mixed after stirring evenly.
2. auxotype vega soil as described in claim 1 is acidified modifying agent, it is characterised in that:The biology black wood charcoal derives from Agriculture and forestry organic waste material.
3. a kind of application method of auxotype vega soil acidification modifying agent described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
(1)First before vega ploughs ridging, after 5 point samplings, the acid-base property of soil is analyzed with acidometer;
(2)Modifying agent is spread fertilizer over the fields in vega earth's surface, mixing is then ploughed, according to the severity of soil acidification, auxotype vega The dosage of soil acidification modifying agent is 1500-2250 kg/hm2, in soil acidity or alkalinity 5.5<pH<When 6.0, amount of application 1500 kg/hm2, in soil pH<5.5, amount of application is 2250 kg/hm2
4. the application method of auxotype vega soil acidification modifying agent as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:The step (1)In, if measurement result shows vega soil pH<When 6.0, need to carry out conditioner for acidified soil with modifying agent.
5. the application method of auxotype vega soil acidification modifying agent as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:The improvement Agent will be applied next year, until soil pH reaches 6.5.
CN201510249011.8A 2015-05-18 2015-05-18 A kind of auxotype vega soil acidification improvement agent prescription and its application method Expired - Fee Related CN104893733B (en)

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CN109400389A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-03-01 云南农业大学 A kind of soil conditioner that preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt and preparation method and application
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