CN104878305B - Wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel - Google Patents
Wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel, prepared using spray deposition processing, its chemical constituent includes by mass percentage：C：1.70% 2.35%, W：0.1% 1.0%, Mo:≤ 1.8%, Cr：11.5% 18.1%, V：2.8% 5.9%, Nb：0.6% 2.2%, Co：0.15% 0.5%, Si：≤ 1.0%, Mn：0.2% 1.0%, N：0.05% 0.35%, surplus is iron and impurity；The carbide composition of the wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel is MC carbide and M7C3Carbide, the type of wherein MC carbide is（V、Nb）（C、N）.Obtained steel alloy carbide size is tiny, is evenly distributed, and possesses excellent combination property, especially splendid abrasion resistance properties and decay resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Tool Alloy steel, more particularly to a kind of wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel.
Background technology
Under the conditions of some special operation conditions, instrument or parts are subject not only to grinding hard in moving component or working media
Particle directly contact causes abrasion, is also subject to the corrosiveness of moist, sour or other corrosive agent, such a typical operating mode is such as
The parts such as screw rod, screw head or the screw sleeve of injection molded are squeezed for plastics machinery, on the one hand due to adding big in plastics
Measure hard particles, such as glass fibre, carbon fiber cause these parts wears to aggravate, in another aspect plastics corrosivity into
Divide and chemical attack is produced to parts.In order that the parts applied to these special operation conditions possess long service life, made
Must have high anti-wear performance and corrosion resisting property with tool steel, in addition to bearing working stress loading and impacting, tool steel
Need to possess certain hardness and toughness.The anti-wear performance of tool steel depends on hard second phase present in matrix hardness and steel
Content, form and size distribution.Hard second phase in steel includes M6C、M2C、M23C6、M7C3And MC etc., MC carbide
Microhardness be higher than other carbide, can preferably protect matrix in operation process, so as to reduce the generation of abrasion, improve
The service life of tool and mould.The raising of tool steel corrosion resisting property depends on the solid solution of chromium in the base, it is believed that at least
It is necessary that 11% chromium, which is solid-solution in matrix,.The toughness of tool steel depends on the distribution of matrix strength and the second phase, steel
In the presence of thick carbide cause stress concentration, make the reduction of instrument steel toughness, cause to occur under relatively low external force loading disconnected
Split, in order to improve instrument steel toughness, it is important means to reduce carbide content or refined carbides granularity.Tool steel was used
In order to avoid plastic deformation occurs in journey, tool steel usually requires that hardness reaches more than HRC60.
Current tool steel is mainly prepared using traditional cast forging process, and tool steel is prepared by technique mistake using cast forging process
Segregation easily occurs in process of setting for the limitation of journey molten steel Slow cooling Solidification Characteristics, alloying component, forms thick carbonization
Thing tissue, even across the processing of follow-up forging rolling, this harmful structure still can bring harmful effect to alloy property, cause casting to be forged
Include intensity, toughness, anti-wear performance, grindability energy etc. on instrument Steel Properties and be in relatively low level, it is difficult to meet high-end processing
Manufacture the requirement to materials'use performance and lifetime stability.Tool steel is prepared using powder metallurgical technique and solves alloying element
The problem of segregation, alloy structure fine uniform is prepared, have and significantly lifted compared to casting wrought alloy performance, but asking of existing
Topic is powder metallurgical technique Complicated Flow length, brings the raising of cost, limits widely using for powder metallurgy tool steel.Herein
Plant under background, preparing tool steel using spray deposition processing in recent years is developed, the technological principle of injection shaping is in inertia
Under gas such as nitrogen, argon gas protective atmosphere, molten metal is broken into tiny metal drop using gases at high pressure, atomization is molten
Drop in flight course and be cooled to half curdled appearance, then hit deposition receiver surface, deposit, progressively long great achievement bulk
Metal deposit base, can subsequently carry out shaped materials needed for forging rolling processing is obtained to deposit preform.Work is prepared using spray deposition processing
Have steel it has been reported that but because the proportioning of its material composition is not reasonable, its carbide tissue of the tool steel of generation is not ideal enough,
Its performance is not excellent enough.
The content of the invention
To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of wear-resistant corrosion-resistant with excellent properties
Steel alloy.
To achieve the above object, wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel of the invention, is prepared using spray deposition processing, its chemistry
Component includes by mass percentage：C：1.70%-2.35%, W：0.1%-1.0%, Mo:≤ 1.8%, Cr：11.5%-
18.1%, V：2.8%-5.9%, Nb：0.6%-2.2%, Co：0.15%-0.5%, Si：≤ 1.0%, Mn：0.2%-
1.0%, N：0.05%-0.35%, surplus is iron and impurity；The carbide composition of the wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel is MC carbon
Compound and M7C3Carbide, the wherein type of MC carbide are (V, Nb) (C, N).
The present invention by the design of alloying component, promote steel alloy under spray deposition processing the forming core of carbide with it is thin
Change, so as to improve the anti-wear performance and toughness of steel alloy.
C element part is solid-solution in matrix, improves matrix strength, meanwhile, C element is one of component of carbide, is contained
Amount can not be less than 1.70%, and to ensure that alloying element can fully participate in Carbide Precipitation, C maximum level is no more than
2.35%, it is to avoid excessive C, which is solid-solution in matrix, causes toughness to decline, in the range of C content 1.70%-2.35%, result in
The cooperation of maximum abrasive resistance energy and obdurability.
W, Mo are solid-solution in matrix, improve matrix quenching degree, W content scope of the present invention is 0.1%-1.0%, Mo content model
It is Mo≤1.8% to enclose.
On the one hand Cr is solid-solution in matrix, improves corrosion resisting property and quenching degree, another aspect Cr is with M7C3Carbide form is analysed
Go out, it is contemplated that Cr be solid-solution in matrix and with carbide form separate out between the balance that exists, Cr contents of the invention are
11.5%-18.1%.
V is primarily used to form MC type carbide, improves the anti-wear performance of steel alloy, and V content control range is 2.8%-
5.9%.
Nb effect is similar with V, and participation forms MC carbide, and steel alloy Nb of the present invention is solid-solution in MC carbide, improves MC
Number of nuclei during Carbide Precipitation, promotes MC Carbide Precipitations and refinement, improves anti-wear performance；Nb additions upper content limit is
Avoid rich Nb MC Carbide Precipitations.The present invention controls Nb content range to be 0.6%-2.2%.
Co is mainly solid-solution in matrix, promotes Carbide Precipitation, refined carbides granularity, and the scope of Co contents of the present invention is
0.15%-0.5%.
Si is not involved in carbide and formed, and is usually used as a kind of deoxidier and matrix strengthening member, Si can excessively make matrix
Toughness decline, therefore Si content ranges are defined to Si≤1.0%.
Mn is added as deoxidier, can be consolidated sulphur and be reduced red brittleness, manganese can increase quenching degree, Mn contents model of the present invention in addition
Enclose for 0.2%-1.0%.
N participates in being formed under MC carbide, condition of fast cooling, and N promotes MC carbide forming core to separate out, while will not cause MC
Carbide is too grown up, and is conducive to improving anti-wear performance, N promotes the corrosion resisting property of steel to improve simultaneously；N additions upper content limit is
Avoid the MC carbide with high stability richness N from crossing high temperature precipitation, cause Carbide Coarsening；Limit N content scope as
0.05%-0.35%.
The alloying elements such as steel alloy V, Nb, C, N of the present invention formation MC carbides are (V, Nb) (C, N), and molten steel is quick
Under the conditions of cooled and solidified, the Nb and N of addition participate in MC carbide and formed, and improve carbide nucleation rate and refinement MC carbide
Grain, improves alloy steel toughness.
As the restriction to aforesaid way, the impurity includes O, O≤0.01%.
O is too high to cause alloy steel toughness to decline, present invention control O content≤0.01%, to ensure the premium properties of steel.
As the restriction to aforesaid way, its chemical constituent includes by mass percentage：C：1.75%-2.28%, W：
0.1%-0.8%, Mo:≤ 1.8%, Cr：12.0%-17.8%, V：3.5%-5.5%, Nb：1.0%-2.1%, Co：
0.2%-0.4%, Si：≤ 0.8%, Mn：0.2%-0.8%, N：0.05%-0.30%, O≤0.008%, surplus is iron and miscellaneous
Matter.
In order to reach that each chemical constituent in more preferable combination property, wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel of the invention should be controlled
Within claimed range.
As the restriction to aforesaid way, the impurity includes S, S≤0.1%.
As the restriction to aforesaid way, the impurity includes P, P≤0.03%.
As the restriction to aforesaid way, the volume fraction of the MC carbide is 3%-8%.
It is used as the restriction to aforesaid way, the MC carbide at least 80Vol%MC carbide size≤6 μm, maximum MC
Carbide size is no more than 10 μm.
It is used as the restriction to aforesaid way, the M7C3Carbide is richness Cr carbide.
It is used as the restriction to aforesaid way, the M7C3The volume fraction of carbide is 12%-20%.
It is used as the restriction to aforesaid way, the M7C3Carbide at least 80Vol%M7C3Carbide size≤25 μm, most
Big M7C3Carbide size is no more than 45 μm.
The wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel of the present invention, can adopt and prepare with the following method, comprise the following steps：
A, prepare steel alloy molten steel by above-mentioned chemical composition requirement and be transferred to ladle；
B, the covering slag of electrified regulation molten steel ladle upper surface covering, maintain the degree of superheat of molten steel；It is logical in ladle bottom
Enter inert gas to be stirred molten steel；
C, molten steel by the mozzle of ladle bottom flowed into pre-warmed tundish with regime flow, in treating that molten steel enters
Between embedding covering slag is applied to molten steel upper surface when not having a mozzle lower surface；
D, to tundish carry out continued compensation heating, maintain molten steel the degree of superheat；
E, molten steel enter using inert gas progress spray deposition behind jet deposition room, in stabilization of export pressure from tundish
Lower completion jet deposition obtains jet deposition ingot；Models of Spray Deposition maintains molten steel temperature stabilization, molten steel flow stable, sprays heavy
Product take-up reel slowly declines to be horizontally rotated simultaneously, and jet deposition take-up reel decrease speed keeps one with the jet deposition ingot speed of growth
Cause jet deposition ingot upper surface constant height；Control gas inlet, go out throughput, keep the inert gas of jet deposition room to protect
Shield property atmosphere；
F, jet deposition ingot is transferred to protective atmosphere stove is annealed or be directly transferred to hot forging process procedure.
Protected in spray deposition processing process using whole process, to control oxygen content and carbide morphology, optimization tool steel
Performance.The covering slag of ladle possesses isolation air and conductive heater function；Ladle bottom is passed through inert gas by air-vent,
Make diverse location molten steel temperature in ladle balanced, while accelerating harmful floating being mingled with to remove；The side of mozzle one of ladle bottom
Guide functions are played in face of molten steel, molten steel circulation process turbulent flow is reduced and produces, it is to avoid slag or reduction, which are mingled with, enters next link,
On the other hand contact of the molten steel directly with air is avoided, prevents molten steel oxygen content from rising；The covering slag of tundish is prevented in flowing through
Between the molten steel that wraps directly and air contact, reduce the rise of molten steel oxygen content；Molten steel enters before tundish to be preheated to tundish,
Molten steel is prevented into local coagulation during tundish or causes second mutually to separate out in advance；In Models of Spray Deposition control gas inlet and
Go out throughput, keep the protective atmosphere of jet deposition room inert gas, jet deposition ingot is played a protective role.
In summary, using technical scheme, the wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel MC carbides of acquisition are
(V, Nb) (C, N), the Nb and N of addition participate in MC carbide and formed, and improve carbide nucleation rate and refinement MC carbide particles, make
Alloy steel toughness is improved.Due to the specified chemical composition and the quick cooled and solidified technique of injection shaping of steel alloy of the present invention,
Make the carbide content to be formed height and particle is tiny, be evenly distributed, beneficial to the high toughness of acquisition and grindability energy.The present invention is closed
Jin Gang possesses excellent combination property, especially possesses high anti-wear performance and corrosion resisting property, resulted in after heat treatment HRC60 with
Upper hardness, is adapted to use with abrasion and corrosive conditions occasion.Steel alloy of the present invention is prepared using spray deposition processing, alloy
Prepare cost low compared to powder metallurgical technique, advantageously reduce alloy holistic cost.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
The present embodiment is related to one group of wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel, and its chemical constituent is as shown in table 1.1：
The chemical constituent table of the wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel of 1.1 embodiment of table one
Using following preparation process：
A, by steel alloy molten steel of the present invention be fitted into injection shaping steel-smelting bag in, molten steel Weight Loaded be 3.5 tons；
B, the covering slag electrified regulation covered using graphite electrode to molten steel ladle upper surface, ladle bottom air-vent are led to
Enter molten steel in argon gas stirring ladle, superheat of liquid steel opens molten steel mozzle when reaching 100 DEG C -180 DEG C；
C, molten steel is flowed into by the mozzle of ladle bottom it is preheated to 800 DEG C -1200 DEG C of tundish, controls water conservancy diversion
Tube inlet size, it is 100kg/min-200kg/min to make molten steel flow, and molten steel buries molten steel mozzle lower end after entering tundish
Apply covering slag during face；
D, Models of Spray Deposition make superheat of liquid steel maintain 100 DEG C -180 DEG C the continuous compensation heating of middle holding；
E, molten steel leak eye by tundish bottom opening and enter jet deposition room, gas injection valve are opened, using nitrogen
Spray deposition is carried out as gas medium, nitrogen gas purity >=99.999%, oxygen content≤2ppm, gas nozzle outlet pressure is
1.0MPa-1.5MPa；Molten steel stream is fractured into half solidification molten drop under inert gas jet-action, is formed therewith with gas mixing
Atomizer (atomizing) cone, molten drop flies to the captured deposition of jet deposition take-up reel and forms deposition ingot；Models of Spray Deposition maintains molten steel temperature
Stable, molten steel flow is stable, and jet deposition take-up reel slowly declines to be horizontally rotated simultaneously, jet deposition take-up reel decrease speed and
The jet deposition ingot speed of growth, which is consistent, makes jet deposition ingot upper surface constant height；Before and after jet deposition starts, injection is heavy
Product chamber interior keeps protectiveness nitrogen atmosphere, and deposition process controls gas inlet and goes out throughput, keeps jet deposition room inertia
Gas atmosphere；
Single 3 tons of ＞ is obtained after the completion of f, jet deposition, size is Φ 550mm ingots, and jet deposition ingot is transferred into nitrogen
Furnace cooling after gas atmosphere protection anneal.
The wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel of the embodiment 1.1~1.2 of acquisition is made to Φ 50mm bar again.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment is related to the carbide content and granularity of the wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel of embodiment one, heat treatment firmly
Degree, anti-wear performance, the checking of corrosion resisting property, wherein carbide content and granularity are based on ESEM acquisition organization chart picture and divided
Analysis, heat treatment hardness, anti-wear performance are tested with reference to GB/T 230.1, GB/T 12444-2006 respectively, and corrosion resisting property is used
5%HNO3+ 1%HCl corrosive solutions soaking at room temperature is tested.
By the wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel of embodiment 1.1,1.2 and the casting forging cold-working steel alloy (alloy A) and powder of purchase
Last metallurgy cold-working steel alloy (alloy B) is analyzed, and its result is as follows：
The embodiment 1.1,1.2 of table 2.1 and alloy A, B composition composition are contrasted
N.A represents not analyze in upper table.
The embodiment 1.1,1.2 of table 2.2 and alloy A, B carbide content and granularity are contrasted
Carbide size is the size of at least 80Vol% carbide in upper table.
The carbide of steel alloy of the present invention is analyzed, carbide composition is MC carbide and M7C3Carbide, wherein MC
Carbide is (V, Nb) (C, N), and main component composition is the alloying element such as V, Nb, C, N and a small amount of Fe, Cr, M7C3Carbonization
Thing is richness Cr type carbide.Steel alloy major part MC carbide size≤6 μm of the present invention, maximum MC carbon it can be seen from table 2.2
Compound size is no more than 10 μm, and because MC carbide has high hardness, MC carbide particles are tiny for steel alloy of the present invention
It can be necessary to possess good grindability, while being conducive to toughness to improve.The volume fraction of MC carbide is 3%-8%,
Steel alloy of the present invention is set to possess excellent wear-resisting property.M in steel alloy of the present invention7C3Carbide volume fraction reaches 12%-20%,
Most of M7C3Carbide size≤25 μm, maximum M7C3Carbide size is no more than 45 μm.M in inventive article steel7C3Carbonization
Thing is bigger than normal compared to MC carbide, M in comparative alloy A7C3Carbide size, steel alloy carbide of the present invention is still in relatively narrower
Scope.Alloy B is prepared using powder metallurgical technique, and Carbide size is very tiny, and most of MC carbide is 0.5-1.5 μm,
MC carbide volume fractions are 3%-6%.
The embodiment 1.1,1.2 of table 2.3 and alloy A, B heat treatment hardness, anti-wear performance are contrasted
By suitable heat treatment it can be seen from table 2.3, steel alloy hardness of the present invention reaches more than HRC60, Neng Gouman
The application field demand of foot steel alloy of the present invention, anti-wear performance comparing result shows that steel alloy of the present invention has best wearability
Energy.
Using 5%HNO3+ 1%HCl solution at ambient temperature to steel alloy of the present invention carry out immersion corrosion, from
The alloy A of high Cr-containing alloy composition is contrasted as corrosion resisting property, and both corrosion resisting property comparing results are as shown in table 2.4.
Embodiment 1.1, the 1.2 and alloy A of table 2.4 corrosion resisting property is contrasted
Steel alloy of the present invention shows excellent corrosion resisting property it can be seen from the correction data of table 2.4.Need explanation
That, according to different application scenarios to anti-wear performance and the demand of corrosion resisting property, suitable heat treating regime should be selected, i.e., it is identical
Under quenching condition, during using relatively low tempering system, more Cr element solid solutions are resulted in compared with high corrosion resistance, adopted in matrix
During with higher tempering system, more Cr alloying elements are separated out with carbide form, and corrosion resisting property will reduce anti-wear performance simultaneously
Will rise, in general, in the range of a wide heat treatment, steel alloy of the present invention can be provided simultaneously with excellent wear-resisting and resistance to
Corrosion energy, so as to meet the application with abrasion and corrosive conditions occasion.
In summary, wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel of the invention possesses excellent combination property, especially possesses high resistance to
Mill performance be provided simultaneously with high corrosion resisting property, based on such a performance characteristics, steel alloy of the present invention be adapted to abrasion and
Corrosive conditions occasion is used.Prepared due to the specified chemical composition of steel alloy of the present invention and using spray deposition processing,
In the case where carbide content is higher, carbide particle is maintained to tiny and is evenly distributed, and is conducive to obtaining high tough
Property and grindability energy, result in more than HRC60 hardness, disclosure satisfy that different types of application demand after heat treatment, purposes
Extensively, such as squeezing plastics machinery parts, food processing, medical surgical instrument, industrial shear-blade, wear-and corrosion-resistant parts
Deng.Steel alloy of the present invention is prepared using spray deposition processing, and alloy preparation cost is low compared to powder metallurgical technique, is conducive to drop
Low-alloy holistic cost.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel, is prepared using spray deposition processing, it is characterised in that its chemical constituent presses quality
Percentages include：C：1.70%-2.35%, W：0.1%-1.0%, Mo:≤ 1.8%, Cr：11.5%-18.1%, V：
2.8%-5.9%, Nb：0.6%-2.2%, Co：0.15%-0.5%, Si：≤ 1.0%, Mn：0.2%-1.0%, N：
0.05%-0.35%, surplus is iron and impurity；The carbide composition of the wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel for MC carbide and
M7C3Carbide, the wherein type of MC carbide are (V, Nb) (C, N), and the volume fraction of MC carbide is 3%-8%, MC carbonizations
Thing at least 80Vol%MC carbide size≤6 μm, maximum MC carbide sizes are no more than 10 μm, the M7C3Carbide is richness Cr
Carbide.
2. wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The impurity include O, O≤
0.01%.
3. wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel according to claim 2, it is characterised in that its chemical constituent is by mass percentage
Meter includes：C：1.75%-2.28%, W：0.1%-0.8%, Mo:≤ 1.8%, Cr：12.0%-17.8%, V：3.5%-
5.5%, Nb：1.0%-2.1%, Co：0.2%-0.4%, Si：≤ 0.8%, Mn：0.2%-0.8%, N：0.05%-
0.30%, O≤0.008%, surplus is iron and impurity.
4. wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The impurity include S, S≤
0.1%.
5. wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The impurity include P, P≤
0.03%.
6. wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The M7C3The volume integral of carbide
Number is 12%-20%.
7. wear-resistant corrosion-resisting alloy steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The M7C3Carbide is at least
80Vol%M7C3Carbide size≤25 μm, maximum M7C3Carbide size is no more than 45 μm.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6162275A (en) * | 1997-03-11 | 2000-12-19 | Erasteel Kloster Aktiebolag | Steel and a heat treated tool thereof manufactured by an integrated powder metalurgical process and use of the steel for tools |
| CN1382825A (en) * | 2001-04-11 | 2002-12-04 | 博哈里尔特种钢有限公司 | Tool steel alloy for preparing powder metallurgy parts |
| CN104302426A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2015-01-21 | 费德罗-莫格尔公司 | Thermal spray applications using iron based alloy powder |
-
2015
- 2015-05-15 CN CN201510247929.9A patent/CN104878305B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6162275A (en) * | 1997-03-11 | 2000-12-19 | Erasteel Kloster Aktiebolag | Steel and a heat treated tool thereof manufactured by an integrated powder metalurgical process and use of the steel for tools |
| CN1382825A (en) * | 2001-04-11 | 2002-12-04 | 博哈里尔特种钢有限公司 | Tool steel alloy for preparing powder metallurgy parts |
| CN104302426A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2015-01-21 | 费德罗-莫格尔公司 | Thermal spray applications using iron based alloy powder |
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