CN104894483B - Powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel - Google Patents

Powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104894483B
CN104894483B CN201510250891.0A CN201510250891A CN104894483B CN 104894483 B CN104894483 B CN 104894483B CN 201510250891 A CN201510250891 A CN 201510250891A CN 104894483 B CN104894483 B CN 104894483B
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carbide
steel
powder metallurgy
wear resistant
powder
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CN104894483A (en
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李小明
吴立志
钟海林
王学兵
况春江
方玉诚
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Heye Sci. & Tech. Co., Ltd.
Advanced Technology and Materials Co Ltd
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Heye Sci & Tech Co Ltd
Advanced Technology and Materials Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201510250891.0A priority Critical patent/CN104894483B/en
Publication of CN104894483A publication Critical patent/CN104894483A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2015/091285 priority patent/WO2016184009A1/en
Priority to US15/326,473 priority patent/US10385428B2/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/36—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.7% by weight of carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
    • B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
    • C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/30—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with cobalt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F2005/002—Tools other than cutting tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0824—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0848—Melting process before atomisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/086—Cooling after atomisation
    • B22F2009/0876—Cooling after atomisation by gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2201/00—Treatment under specific atmosphere
    • B22F2201/02—Nitrogen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2301/35—Iron
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel, chemical constituent includes by mass percentage：V：12.2% 16.2%, Nb：1.1% 3.2%, C:2.6% 4.0%, Si:≤ 2.0%, Mn：0.2% 1.5%, Cr：4.0% 5.6%, Mo：≤ 3.0%, W：0.1% 1.0%, Co：0.05% 0.5%, N:0.05% 0.7%, surplus is iron and impurity；The carbide group of the powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel becomes MC carbide, and the type of MC carbide is（V、Nb）（C、N）.Powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel carbide obtained is tiny, is in Dispersed precipitate state, has excellent wear-resisting property, impact flexibility, bending strength and hardness.

Description

Powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tool steel more particularly to a kind of powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel.
Background technology
Tool steel is widely used in processing and manufacturing field, in order to make tool made by tool steel have long service life, Tool steel should be provided simultaneously with the excellent properties for including four aspects such as wear-resisting property, impact flexibility, bending strength and hardness.Just Under the conditions of being often used, wear-resisting property determines the length of service life.The wear-resisting property of tool steel depend on matrix hardness and Content, form and the size distribution of hard second phase present in steel.Hard second phase present in steel includes M6C、M2C、 M23C6、M7C3And MC etc., the microhardness of MC carbide are higher than other carbide, it being capable of preferably protecting group in operation process Body improves the service life of mold to reduce the generation of abrasion.The impact flexibility and bending strength of tool steel are that reflection is tough Property important indicator, in steel the presence of coarse carbide cause stress concentration, make the reduction of tool steel toughness, cause lower outer Power load is lower to be broken, and in order to improve tool steel toughness, reduces carbide content or refined carbides granularity is important hand Section.In order to avoid the generation of plastic deformation, tool steel usually requires that hardness reaches HRC60 or more.
Tool steel is mainly prepared using traditional cast forging process at present, and mould steel is prepared by technique using cast forging process The limitation of process molten steel Slow cooling Solidification Characteristics, alloying component are easy to happen segregation in process of setting, form coarse carbon Compound tissue, even across the processing of follow-up forging rolling, this harmful structure still can bring harmful effect to alloy property, cause to cast Include that intensity, toughness, wear-resisting property, grindability energy etc. are in relatively low level on forger mold Steel Properties, it is difficult to meet high-end Fabricate the requirement to materials'use performance and lifetime stability.Mould steel is prepared using powder metallurgical technique and solves conjunction The problem of gold element is segregated, the key step that powder metallurgical technique prepares mould steel includes：Powder by atomization → powder consolidation at Shape, in above-mentioned powder by atomization link, molten steel is cooled rapidly into powder, and it is i.e. completely solidifying to have little time segregation for alloying element in molten steel Gu fine microstructures are uniform after powder consolidation is become a useful person, have compared to casting wrought alloy performance and significantly promoted, some performances are wanted at present Asking high high alloy mould steel only to be prepared using powder metallurgical technique can just meet the requirements.Using powder metallurgy work Skill prepare tool steel it has been reported that but part steel grades design it is not reasonable, tissue and performance need to be further increased.
Invention content
To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of powder metallurgy with excellent properties is wear-resisting Tool steel.
To achieve the above object, its chemical constituent of powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel of the invention is wrapped by mass percentage It includes：V：12.2%-16.2%, Nb：1.1%-3.2%, C:2.6%-4.0%, Si:≤ 2.0%, Mn：0.2%-1.5%, Cr：4.0%- 5.6%, Mo：≤ 3.0%, W：0.1%-1.0%, Co：0.05%-0.5%, N:0.05%-0.7%, surplus are iron and impurity；The powder The carbide group of metallurgical wear resistant tools steel becomes MC carbide, and the type of MC carbide is（V、Nb）（C、N）.
The present invention is by the design of alloying component, and to obtain a kind of high abrasion tool steel, and it is tough to be provided simultaneously with high impact Property, bending strength and hardness.
The use of V element is extremely important for improving wear-resisting property, and V is the essential element to form MC type carbide, V content Control range is 12.2%-16.2%.
The effect of Nb is similar with V, and participation forms MC carbide, and Nb of the present invention is solid-solution in MC carbide, improves MC carbide Number of nuclei when precipitation promotes MC Carbide Precipitations and refinement, improves wear-resisting property；Nb additions upper content limit is to avoid richness The MC Carbide Precipitations of Nb；The content range that the present invention controls Nb is 1.1%-3.2%.
C element is one of the component of MC carbide, and the content of C is not less than 2.6%, to ensure that alloying element can fill Divide and participate in Carbide Precipitation, the maximum level of C is no more than 4.0%, and excessive C is avoided to be solid-solution in matrix, is 2.6%- in above-mentioned C content In 4.0% range, the cooperation of maximum abrasive resistance energy and obdurability can be obtained.
Si is not involved in carbide and is formed, and is usually used as a kind of deoxidier and matrix strengthening member, and Si can excessively make matrix Toughness decline, therefore Si content ranges are limited to Si≤2.0%.
Mn is added as deoxidier, can consolidate sulphur and reduce red brittleness, in addition manganese increases quenching degree, Mn content ranges of the present invention For 0.2%-1.5%.
On the one hand the effect of Cr is solid-solution in matrix and improves matrix hardness, be on the other hand solid-solution in MC carbide on a small quantity, promote More MC Carbide Precipitations, therefore Cr contents are 4.0%-5.6%.
The effect of Mo, W are similar to Cr, and the content range of Mo of the present invention is Mo≤3.0%, and the content range of W is 0.1%- 1.0%。
Co is mainly solid-solution in matrix, promotes Carbide Precipitation, refined carbides granularity, the ranging from 0.05%- of Co contents 0.5%。
N participates in being formed MC carbide, and under condition of fast cooling, N promotes MC carbide forming cores to be precipitated, while will not lead to MC Carbide is excessively grown up, and is conducive to improve wear-resisting property, is limited N content ranging from 0.05%-0.7%.
MC carbide is formed by adding a large amount of vanadium and carbon alloy element, improves wear-resisting property, while adding a certain amount of The alloying elements such as chromium, molybdenum and silicon invigoration effect is played to matrix and promotes more MC Carbide Precipitations, except above alloy member Plain outer, the present invention is added to a certain amount of niobium and nitrogen alloying element, is solid-solution in MC carbide, formed main component be C, N, V, the compound MC carbide of Nb, the type of MC carbide are（V、Nb）（C、N）, it is therefore intended that MC carbide nucleation rates are improved, Keep precipitation MC carbide more tiny, improves the toughness of tool steel.The additive amount of niobium and nitrogen needs to control in OK range, Avoid the formation such as high stability carbide NbC, VN, NbN.
As the restriction to aforesaid way, V equivalents V in the chemical constituenteq：13.0%-16.0%, the Veq=V+ 0.65Nb。
As the restriction to aforesaid way, the impurity includes O, O≤0.01%.
O is excessively high to cause tool steel toughness to decline, and the present invention controls O content≤0.01%, to ensure the excellent performance of steel.
As the restriction to aforesaid way, chemical constituent includes by mass percentage：V：13.0%-16.0%, Nb： 1.2%-2.5%, C:2.8%-3.7%, Si:≤ 1.3%, Mn：0.2%-1.5%, Cr：4.8%-5.4%, Mo：≤ 2.0%, W：0.1%- 0.5%, Co：0.1%-0.4%, N:0.05%-0.4%, O≤0.008%, surplus are iron and impurity.
In order to reach better comprehensive performance, each chemical constituent in powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel of the present invention should control Within claimed range.
As the restriction to aforesaid way, the impurity includes S, S≤0.1%.
As the restriction to aforesaid way, the impurity includes P, P≤0.03%.
As the restriction to aforesaid way, the volume fraction of the MC carbide is 16%-25%.
As the restriction to aforesaid way, the MC carbide at least 80Vol% sizes are 0.5 ~ 1.3 μm.
As the restriction to aforesaid way, the MC carbide full-size is no more than 5.0 μm.
The powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel of the present invention may be used following method and prepare, includes the following steps：
A, it prepares tool steel molten steel by above-mentioned chemical composition requirement and is transferred to ladle；
B, the covering slag of electrified regulation molten steel ladle upper surface covering, maintains the degree of superheat of molten steel；It is logical in ladle bottom Enter inert gas to be stirred molten steel；
C, molten steel is flowed into pre-warmed tundish by the diversion pipe of ladle bottom with regime flow, in waiting for that molten steel enters Between embedding covering slag is applied to molten steel upper surface when not having a diversion pipe lower face；
D, continued compensation heating is carried out to tundish, maintains the degree of superheat of molten steel；
E, molten steel uses inert gas to carry out powder by atomization after entering spray chamber from tundish, obtained metal powder sedimentation It is rear to enter the storage powder tank body with protective atmosphere to spray chamber bottom, by protecting screening plant to sieve metal powder After enter back into storage powder tank body saving；
F, under inert gas protection, the metal powder stored up in powder tank body is transferred to hot isostatic pressing jacket, waits for metal powder Hot isostatic pressing jacket is carried out after last vibration loading consolidation to vacuumize degassing process, soldering and sealing processing is carried out to its end, with laggard Row hip treatment makes the completely fine and close consolidation of metal powder, completes powder metallurgical technique.
Above-mentioned powder metallurgical technique includes non-vacuum melting powder by atomization and hot isostatic pressing link, and process uses whole process Protection, to control oxygen content and carbide morphology, optimization tool Steel Properties.The covering slag of ladle has isolation air and conduction Heating function；Ladle bottom is passed through inert gas by air hole, makes different location molten steel temperature equilibrium in ladle, accelerates simultaneously Harmful floating removal being mingled with；On the one hand the diversion pipe of ladle bottom plays guide functions to molten steel, reduce molten steel circulation process Turbulent flow is generated, slag is avoided and prevents from being mingled with into next link, another aspect water conservancy diversion protection of pipe molten steel stream avoids exposure to sky Gas prevents molten steel oxygen content from rising；The covering slag of tundish prevents the molten steel for flowing through tundish from directly being contacted with air, reduces steel The raising of liquid oxygen content；Molten steel, which enters before tundish, preheats tundish, when preventing molten steel from entering tundish local coagulation or The second phase is caused to be precipitated in advance；Storing up has atmosphere protection and forced cooling refrigerating function inside powder tank；Powder protects screening plant It plays a protective role to powder sieving process while preventing powder from waving；Store up powder tank body and hot isostatic pressing jacket airtight connection, heat Isostatic pressed is passed through inert gas discharge air before being wrapped in dress powder, to control oxygen content.
In conclusion technical solution using the present invention, the powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel of acquisition has excellent wear-resisting Performance is provided simultaneously with high impact flexibility, bending strength and hardness.The tool steel of the present invention due to specific chemical composition and Powder metallurgy is quickly cooled down solidifying process, and the type of the MC carbide of formation is（V、Nb）（C、N）, make the MC carbide of precipitation It is more tiny, the toughness of tool steel is improved, the hardness of HRC60 or more can be obtained after heat treatment, can be met different types of Application demand, it is widely used.Inventive article steel is prepared using powder metallurgical technique, and process, which is taken, a variety of is effectively protected means Molten steel and powder is prevented to be contaminated, compared to tool steel prepared by general powder metallurgy, in the close situation of MC carbide contents Under, inventive article steel MC carbide is more tiny, has more high-strength tenacity.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment one
The present embodiment is related to one group of powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel, and chemical constituent is as shown in table 1.1：
The chemical constituent table of 1.1 embodiment of table, one powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel
Using following preparation process：
A, inventive article steel molten steel is fitted into melting ladle, molten steel Weight Loaded is 1.5-8 tons；
B, the covering slag electrified regulation covered to molten steel ladle upper surface using graphite electrode, ladle bottom air hole are logical Enter molten steel in argon gas or nitrogen gas stirring ladle, superheat of liquid steel opens molten steel diversion pipe when reaching 100 DEG C -200 DEG C；
C, molten steel by the diversion pipe inflow of ladle bottom is preheated to 800 DEG C -1200 DEG C of tundish, control water conservancy diversion Tube inlet size, it is 10 kg/min -50 kg/min to make molten steel flow, and molten steel buries after entering tundish under molten steel diversion pipe Apply covering slag when end face；
D, powder by atomization process makes superheat of liquid steel maintain 100 DEG C -200 DEG C the continuous compensation heating of intermediate holding；
E, molten steel enters spray chamber by tundish bottom opening leakage eye, atomizing gas nozzle valve is opened, using nitrogen Powder by atomization, nitrogen gas purity >=99.999%, oxygen content≤2ppm, gas pressure 1.0MPa- are carried out as atomization gas 5.0MPa；Molten steel is fractured into drop under inert gas percussion, while being quickly cooled down as metal powder, and flight is settled down to Spray chamber bottom enters storage powder tank body by spray chamber bottom；Metal powder cooling in powder tank body to be stored up after powder by atomization To room temperature, by protecting screening plant to be sieved；Protection screening plant inside cavity is connected with positive pressure inert protective gas, Chu Fen It is positive pressure inert gas shielding atmosphere inside tank；
F, metal powder in storage powder tank body is filled to hot isostatic pressing jacket, first to being passed through indifferent gas in hot isostatic pressing jacket Body excludes air, subsequent airtight connection hot isostatic pressing jacket and storage powder tank body, and filling implementation Process vibration operation increases metal powder The loading density at end；Hot isostatic pressing jacket is carried out after the completion to vacuumize degassing process, vacuum hot isostatic pressing jacket adds Heat heat preservation continues heating and thermal insulation >=2h at 200 DEG C -600 DEG C after degassing to 0.01Pa, then carried out at soldering and sealing to jacket end Reason finally carries out hip treatment to jacket, and hip temperature is 1100 DEG C -1160 DEG C, is protected under >=100MPa pressure Hold the time >=1h after the completely fine and close consolidation of metal powder, furnace cooling.
Definite shape size is obtained to the further forging deformation of inventive article steel as needed, using different heat treatment system Degree obtains different performance, and used heat treatment includes annealing, quenching and tempering.The annealing is related to heating forging To 870 DEG C -890 DEG C, soaking time 2 hours is then cooled to 530 DEG C with≤15 DEG C/h of speed, then furnace cooling or static sky Gas is air-cooled to 50 DEG C or less；Quenching treatment is related to the forging after annealing in 815 DEG C of -845 DEG C of preheating temperatures, is put after temperature is uniform Keep the temperature 15-40 minutes at a temperature of entering 1000 DEG C -1200 DEG C, be then quenched to 530 DEG C -550 DEG C, be then air-cooled to 50 DEG C with Under；Temper is related to quenched forging being heated to 540-670 DEG C of temperature and keeps the temperature 1.5-2 hours, is then air-cooled to 50 DEG C hereinafter, so repeat 2 to 3 times.
The powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel of the embodiment 1.1-1.4 of acquisition, preparation process alloy oxygen content increment≤ 30ppm obtains the complete fine and close tool steel that relative density is 100%, is made into the bar of Φ 50mm after thermal deformation.
Embodiment two
The powder metallurgy wear resistant tools Heat-Treatment of Steel hardness, impact flexibility, bending resistance that the present embodiment is related to embodiment one are strong The verification of degree, wear-resisting property, carbide content and granularity, wherein carbide content and granularity are based on scanning electron microscope and obtain organization chart As being analyzed, heat treatment hardness, impact flexibility, bending strength, wear-resisting property refer to respectively GB/T 230.1, GB/T 229, GB/T 14452-93, GB/T 12444-2006 are tested.
By the powder metallurgy tool steel of the powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel and purchase of embodiment 1.1,1.2（Alloy A）And casting Forge tool steel（Alloy B）It compares and analyzes, result is as follows：
2.1 embodiment 1.1,1.2 of table and alloy A, B are at being grouped as comparison
N.A expressions are not analyzed in upper table.
The powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel of embodiment 1.1,1.2, oxygen content is 50-60ppm, oxygen content after preparation before preparing For 60-80 ppm, preparation process oxygen content increment≤30ppm.
2.2 embodiment 1.1,1.2 of table is compared with the heat treatment hardness of alloy A, B, impact flexibility, bending strength
There is the powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel of the present invention best strength and toughness to combine it can be seen from table 2.2.
2.3 embodiment 1.1,1.2 of table and the wear-resisting property of alloy A, B compare
The powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel wear-resisting property of the present invention is close with alloy A it can be seen from table 2.3, is far above Alloy B wear-resisting properties.
2.4 embodiment 1.1,1.2 of table and the carbide content and granularity of alloy A, B compare
Carbide size is the size of at least 80Vol% carbide in upper table.
The carbide of tool steel is analyzed, powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel of the invention and alloy A carbide composition For MC carbide.The MC carbides of inventive article steel are（V、Nb）（C、N）, main component group become V, Nb, C, N and The alloying elements such as a small amount of Fe, Cr.It can be seen that by table 2.4, inventive article steel MC carbide volume fractions reach 16%-25%, phase Than alloy B, the presence of a large amount of MC carbide has conducive to high wear-resisting property is obtained.The granularity of inventive article steel carbide is very Tiny, most of MC carbide sizes are less than 1.3 μm, and maximum MC carbide sizes are no more than 5 μm, and tiny carbide is conducive to Improve the toughness of tool steel.
In conclusion the powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel of the present invention has excellent wear-resisting property, it is provided simultaneously with excellent Impact flexibility, bending strength and hardness can obtain HRC60 or more hardness after heat treatment, disclosure satisfy that different types of answer It is widely used with demand, it such as can be applied to the compacting of hard powder, die cut mold, industrial shear-blade, timber processing knife Plastics machineries parts such as tool, wear-resisting spare part, screw rod, screw sleeve, screw head etc..It is excellent compared to common casting forging tool steel Gesture is that wear-resisting property is excellent, and service life will improve a lot, and ordinary powder metallurgical tool steel is compared, in carbide content phase In the case of, since inventive article steel carbide is more tiny, alloy shows higher obdurability.The powder smelting of the present invention Golden preparation process takes a variety of means that are effectively protected that molten steel and powder is prevented to be contaminated in preparation process, and oxygen content increment≤ 30ppm provides safeguard for the final high performance alloys ingot that obtains.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel, which is characterized in that its chemical constituent includes by mass percentage：V：13.0%- 16.0%, Nb：1.2%-2.5%, C:2.8%-3.7%, Si:≤ 1.3%, Mn：0.2%-1.5%, Cr：4.8%-5.4%, Mo：≤ 2.0%, W：0.1%-0.5%, Co：0.1%-0.4%, N:0.05%-0.4%, O≤0.008%, surplus are iron and impurity；The powder metallurgy is resistance to Grinding the carbide group of tool steel becomes MC carbide, and the type of MC carbide is（V、Nb）（C、N）, the volume of the MC carbide Score is 16%-25%.
2. powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：V equivalents V in its chemical constituenteq： 13.0%-16.0%, the Veq=V+0.65Nb。
3. powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The impurity includes S, S≤0.1%.
4. powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The impurity includes P, and P≤ 0.03%。
5. powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The MC carbide at least 80Vol% Size is 0.5 ~ 1.3 μm.
6. powder metallurgy wear resistant tools steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The MC carbide full-size is not More than 5.0 μm.
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