CN104870170A - 用于车辆的通风道和用于制造通风道的方法 - Google Patents

用于车辆的通风道和用于制造通风道的方法 Download PDF

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CN104870170A
CN104870170A CN201380065734.1A CN201380065734A CN104870170A CN 104870170 A CN104870170 A CN 104870170A CN 201380065734 A CN201380065734 A CN 201380065734A CN 104870170 A CN104870170 A CN 104870170A
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parts
interconnecting
pipeline
contact surface
ventilating duct
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CN104870170B (zh
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A·里布拉德
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Scania CV AB
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/1034—Manufacturing and assembling intake systems
    • F02M35/10354—Joining multiple sections together
    • F02M35/1036—Joining multiple sections together by welding, bonding or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/40—Applying molten plastics, e.g. hot melt
    • B29C65/42—Applying molten plastics, e.g. hot melt between pre-assembled parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/481—Non-reactive adhesives, e.g. physically hardening adhesives
    • B29C65/4815—Hot melt adhesives, e.g. thermoplastic adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
    • B29C65/54—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive between pre-assembled parts
    • B29C65/542—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive between pre-assembled parts by injection
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B29C66/1312—Single flange to flange joints, the parts to be joined being rigid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/303—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/547—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles, e.g. endless tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10091—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by details of intake ducts: shapes; connections; arrangements
    • F02M35/10144—Connections of intake ducts to each other or to another device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10314—Materials for intake systems
    • F02M35/10321—Plastics; Composites; Rubbers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/1034—Manufacturing and assembling intake systems
    • F02M35/10354—Joining multiple sections together
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14467—Joining articles or parts of a single article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
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Abstract

用于燃式发动机的、特别是用于机动车辆的通风道管路(2)，所述通风道管路由至少两个管路部件(4、6)组成，所述至少两个管路部件由塑料材料借助于注塑成型制造并且沿互连线(8)连接到彼此，所述互连线由互连管道(10)组成，所述互连管道由用于每个相应管路部件的互连部件(12、14)在互连线(8)的区域中形成。管路部件(4、6)通过将所述塑料材料注射到所述互连管道(10)中来连接到彼此并且密封地结合到彼此。互连部件(12、14)包括内部互连部件(16、18)，所述内部互连部件被设计为使得其在通风道管路(2)的内侧上形成均匀互连表面(20)并且适于在将所述塑料材料注射到互连管道中期间吸收来自互连管道(10)的压力。所述互连部件(12、14)包括外部互连部件(22、24)，所述外部互连部件适于机械地保持管路部件互连。

Description

用于车辆的通风道和用于制造通风道的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及根据独立权利要求的前序部分的一种用于车辆的通风道和一种用于制造通风道的方法。
背景技术
在汽车行业内不断进行努力以改进车辆燃料经济性，除此之外还必须满足益严格的环保要求。还需要持续的努力以降低所涉及的部件的成本，与此同时还要维持或改进所述部件的质量。
用于来自过滤器的清洁空气通向压缩机(增压器)的进口的通风道目前被制造为吹塑成型的塑料部件、铸造的橡胶部件、或有时甚至被制造为金属部件。所述管道的几何形状通常很复杂，结果是迄今为止尚未涉及塑料部件的注塑成型。
利用除注塑成型以外的制造方法，必须执行部件的某些后处理，因为通常存在如下风险，即刨花和毛刺可以存在于完成的制品中，以及表面将会比期望的更粗糙。
制造过程的一个实施例是吹塑成型，其是用于制造热塑性的中空体物件的最常见方法其中之一。
另一种制造方法是注塑成型。注塑成型是主要用于各种热塑性部件的常见制造方法。注塑成型最适于非中空体的物件，并且仅在特殊情况下才用于管状部件。
与清洁空气侧上的通风道有关的是，强烈期望管路具有平滑内表面、较低重量、如下几何形状，所述几何形状呈现出可被检查的部件参数，例如壁厚度，并且呈现出两个曲线形状，即管路在三个维度中呈现出曲线形状。
吹塑成型曾经是用于制造这样的管路的第一选择，但是由于就横截面而言的变化以及复杂的曲线形状，因此对部件进行处理在制造过程中导致高昂的成本以及维持高质量方面的问题。
存在于通风道上游的椭圆形开口导致需要机器人处理开口的内表面。即使这个问题能够被解决，仍会就壁厚度而言出现个变化，并且之后将不可能在内侧上***部件，例如用于控制空气流的导轨。
当今使用的通风道管路的一个缺点是，制造就这样的管道具有的纯度、重量和几何形状而言质量足够高的通风道管路是复杂的。此外，管道可具有多个弯角，所述多个弯角使其制造进一步复杂。
关于所述缺点，发明人已认识到的是，所述缺点可通过提供一种由被结合到一起的至少两个注塑成型部件组成的通风道管路来避免。除其它事项外，改进的制造方法由此实现。
类似制造方法在US 2010/0192891中被描述。所述文献描述了用于通风道管路、例如用于燃式发动机的通风道管路的空气制造方法。管路由至少两个注塑成型部件组成。为了将所述部件结合到一起，适当材料借助于铸造或注射到两个部件之间的表面(接头)中应用。更特别地，接头由U形部件组成，所述U形部件沿一个注塑成型部件的边缘延伸并且当其邻接第二注塑成型部件的笔直部分放置时形成管道。适当材料接下来被喷洒到被形成的管道中以将各部件结合到彼此。
本发明的目的是就管路部件部分的构成质量而言实现一种改进的通风道管路，以及实现一种用于制造这样的通风道管路的改进的方法。所述目的被完成以确保在管路的内侧上获得均匀表面，并且确保结合管道可在高压下填充有塑料材料以确保接头是防泄漏的。
发明内容
在前提到的目的借助于由独立权利要求限定的本发明实现。
优选实施方式由从属权利要求限定。
根据本发明，将被互连的至少两个管路部件注塑成型以形成通风道管路。互连管道在互连线上形成，与管路部件中相同的塑料材料被注射到互连线中以在管路部件之间形成防泄漏接头。
优选地使用所谓的热流道成型***以允许控制注塑成型方法。
使用注塑成型的优点在于，如在上文中讨论的，注塑成型是就尺寸(例如壁厚度)而言与其它方法相比获得更高精度的方法。注塑成型是清洁的，并且如依照一个实施方式所述，注射密封接缝而非不得不使用昂贵的焊接设备导致更低的制造成本。从满足防泄漏和几何形状的需求的立场而言，具有双弯曲表面的焊接部件是复杂的。
根据本发明的方法涉及用于通风道管路的迅速的制造方法。作为示例性制造时间，可以注意到的是，完成的管路可在小于200秒中被制造，并且优选地在小于150秒的更短时间中被制造。
根据本发明，管路部件在两个注射模具中同时被注塑成型，所述两个注射模具包括对应于每个相应部件的中空空间。注射模具被设计为使得针对每个管路部件，互连管道的一部分沿管路部件的边缘形成，所述管路部件将被结合以形成完成的通风道管路。
注塑成型的管路部件从其模具中被去除并且被放置在第三模具中，所述第三模具包括对应于完成的通风道管路的中空空间。
各部件被机械地结合到一起，因为相应互连部件彼此接合。
互连管道(即中空空间)由两个机械地结合的互连部件形成。
根据一个实施方式，管路部件其中一个上的互连部件被设计为使得压缩力可被施加以将各部件保持在位。
引导面优选地被设置在每个部件上以相对于彼此引导各部件，以使得管路部件的内表面最终被放置在同一平面中，以使得接头在内侧上是平滑的。当互连管道填充有同一塑料材料(热塑性材料)时，互连部件还用作背衬。最后，互连管道填充有与管路部件自身相同的塑料材料。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的通风道管路的示意图。
图2是示出根据本发明的第一实施方式的管路部件之间的互连的横截面图。
图3是示出根据本发明的第二实施方式的管路部件之间的互连的横截面图。
图4是展示根据本发明的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
附图中的相同或类似的部件已被指定有同一附图标记。
本发明现在将会参照附图被详细地描述。将会在对于通风道管路的描述中参照图1-3。
图1示出根据本发明的通风道管路2的示意图。管路适用于燃式发动机，例如机动车辆中的燃式发动机、作业机械中的燃式发动机或船只中的燃式发动机，并且优选地适于被设置成将清洁空气从过滤器引导到与发动机的增压***有关的压缩机的进口。
通风道管路呈现出两个开口3、5。椭圆形开口5被放置在通风道管路的上游。第二开口3优选地是圆形的。流动方向在附图中由箭头指示出。
根据本发明的通风道管路2包括由塑料材料借助于注塑成型制造的两个管路部件4、6。图2和3示出所述管路部件如何沿由互连管道10组成的互连线8被连接到彼此，所述互连管道由用于每个相应管路部件的互连部件12、14在连接线8的区域中形成。更特别地，互连管道10借助于中空空间形成，所述中空空间在互连部件12、14的互相面对部分中形成，其中用于中空空间的定界壁由互连部件12、14的内表面组成。当管路部件被机械地连接到彼此时，互连管道形成关闭管道，注射开口优选地被设置在所述关闭管道中用于将塑料材料注射到管道中，以使得管路部件4、6被密封地结合到彼此，连接部分12、14还包括内部互连部件16、18，所述内部互连部件被设计为使得其在通风道管路2的内侧上形成均匀连接表面20。
内部互连部件16、18还适于在将塑料材料注射到互连管道中期间吸收来自互连管道10的压力。互连部件12、14还包括外部互连部件22、24，所述外部互连部件适于机械地保持管路部件互连，所述互连在将塑料材料注射到互连管道中之前是特别重要的。
外部互连部件22、24相互作用，因为部件24具有例如斜锥形的构造，所述构造与部件22的构造匹配，结果是部件24可通过部件22来牢固地扣合在位，以及由此机械地保持管路部件互连。
根据一个实施方式，内部互连部件16、18在每个管路部件上的互连部件之间呈现出接触面26、28。接触面包括第一接触面26和第二接触面28。如图2和3示出的，内部互连部件18其中之一以这样的方式被设计，使得其至少部分构成用于管道10的定界壁，而第二内部互连部件16实质上构成朝向通风道管路向内翻转的定界壁。互连部件16和18从而形成接头，因为其被放置在彼此上方，并且因为接触面以这样的方式被设计，使得在压力在互连管道中上升期间，第一接触面26被压靠到第二接触面28。
在图2中示出的实施方式中，接触面26、28被倾斜地斜切，而在图3中示出的实施方式中，每个接触面具有阶梯状构造，所述阶梯彼此配合。附图示出具有一个“阶梯”的变体，但是自然可能的是具有多个阶梯。
接触面可具有其它形状，诸如在图2和3中示出的实施方式的组合，假定所述接触面被设计为使得其吸收来自互连管道的压力上升而不影响连接表面20，即所述表面维持均匀。
在所有设计的情况下，接触面必须以这样的方式被设计，使得可以将一个接触面螺固到管道部分中。
外部互连部件22、24包括一个或多个紧固部件30、32，所述一个或多个紧固部件适于通过在将塑料材料注射到互连管道中期间将紧固力施加到所述紧固部件来保持管路部件被固定地紧固到彼此。更特别地，紧固部件30、32部分地呈现出关于通风道管路的横截面径向地定向的部段。所述径向地定向的部段构成用于所述紧固力的抵接面，所述紧固力例如由周边模具施加，所述周边模具当塑料材料将被注射到管道10中时被使用。
存在各种方式以确保塑料材料已完全填充管道。根据一个实施方式，一个或多个压力计可被设置以便当压力超过预定阈值时确认管道被填充。根据在图2和3中展示的第二实施方式，一个或多个小型开口35被设置在互连部件12中，以使得存在通向管道的连接。当管道10被填充时，塑料材料在开口35中出现，所述塑料材料接下来确认管道被填充。
如在图1中示出的，两个部件可具有不同的尺寸。例如，有利的是允许各部件其中一个包围管路的两个端部部分，由此任意金属部件(诸如环形加强环)可被安装在腔室(模具)中并且铸造与注塑成型配合。
在其中进行注射的这种类型的接头还可以使用同一技术紧固例如金属部件，例如将金属支撑件靠近进口开口紧固。这样的金属支撑件被示出为靠近图1中的开口3其中之一。
完成的制品的内侧上的部件，例如支撑柱和引导空气流的导轨，可在注塑成型期间被安装并且被直接整合，由此降低在注塑成型之后安装所述部件的需求，继而降低制造成本。
图1还示出管路的外侧上的多个部件，所述多个部件与管路部件4其中一个的注塑成型配合地被整合。为了允许例如金属部件(诸如支撑管)的紧固，可做到的是，将互连管道和与所述金属部件有关的表面结合，以使得被注射到管道中的塑料还到达金属部件并且紧固所述金属部件。
被使用的塑料材料是适当的热塑性材料，优选地是聚丙烯或聚酰胺，所述热塑性材料适于满足通风道管路所经受的强度要求和温度要求。管路通常必须承受-40至+90℃范围内的温度，而在特殊情况下必须承受高达150℃的温度。如上所述，注塑成型使用热流道注塑成型技术优选地执行，所述热流道注塑成型技术将会在下文中被简要描述。
热流道***包括当注塑成型塑料时使用的多个被加热的部件，融化的塑料在所述多个被加热的部件中被注射到模具中的腔室中。腔室从而具有与将会被制造的部件相同的形状。
根据本发明的一个实施方式，三个模具被使用，其中一个模具用于每个管路部件(如果两个管路部件被使用)，以及另外一个模具用于被组装的通风道管路，所述另外一个模具当管道被填充时被使用。
还存在所谓的冷流道成型，所述冷流道成型是较简单的技术，其中管道在模具的两个半部之间形成，以便将塑料从注塑成型喷嘴引导到腔室。每次模具被打开以移除被成型的部件时，两个半部之间的管道中的材料也被一并夹带，这导致塑料材料的浪费。
热流道***通常包括被加热的管路***和多个被加热的喷嘴。管路***的主要任务是将塑料分配到各种喷嘴，所述各种喷嘴可被控制，以使得塑料的被精确确定的量可在腔室中的多个注射点处被排放，例如一个或多个针阀被设置在所述多个注射点处，以及所述针阀被精确控制，以使得塑料材料的正确的量被注射。
热流道成型通常导致模具的制造和使用变得更加昂贵，但所述热流道成型就较少浪费塑料而言能够节约，并且只要循环时间得以缩短。
本发明还涉及一种用于制造用于燃式发动机的通风道管路、特别是用于机动车辆的燃式发动机的通风道管路的方法。
所述方法现在将会参照图4中的流程图被描述。
所述方法包括：
A-借助于注塑成型由塑料材料制造至少两个管路部件；
B-将所述管路部件沿互连线连接到一起，所述互连线由互连管道组成，所述互连管道由用于每个管路部件的互连部件在互连线的区域中形成，以使得管路部件成为所述通风道管路，
互连部件包括内部互连部件，所述内部互连部件被设计为使得其在通风道管路的内侧上形成均匀连接表面，而所述互连部件包括外部互连部件，所述外部互连部件适于机械地保持管路部件互连。
方法还包括：
C-借助于所述外部互连部件保持管路部件机械地互连；
D1-通过将所述塑料材料注射到所述互连管道中来在管路部件之间建立防泄漏接头；
D2-在将所述塑料材料注射到互连管道中期间借助于所述内部互连部件吸收来自互连管道的压力。
根据一个实施方式，所述方法还包括以下步骤：
D3-允许紧固金属部件，诸如支撑管，因为在D2中被提及的互连管道与连接到支撑管的表面结合。
在此参照在前提到的互连部件的描述，并且特别是参照各种部件的描述以及内部和外部互连部件的功能。塑料材料由适当的热塑性材料组成，优选地由聚丙烯或聚酰胺组成。
根据本发明，步骤A-D2，以及优选地步骤A-D3，利用200秒的最大持续时间以连贯的过程执行。更特别地，用于管路部件的填充时间是约5秒，以及所述管路部件被同时制造。用于互连管道的填充时间是约2-3秒。附加时间被消耗，以使得各部件将会冷却，并且将管路部件机械地结合以及将其输送到用于通风道管路的模具。
如上所述，注塑成型使用热流道注塑成型技术进行。
本发明还包括一种包含计算机程序指令的计算机程序，所述计算机程序指令被配置以便当计算机程序指令在计算机***上运行时执行根据如上所述的方法的步骤，以及其中计算机程序制品由可计算机读取。更特别地，计算机程序指令控制例如用于将塑料材料注射到模具中和注射到管道中的时间点。
本发明不限于以上所述的优选实施方式。其它替代例、改型以及等同方案可被使用。在前提到的实施方式因而不被视为对于本发明的保护范围的限制，所述保护范围在所附权利要求中限定。

Claims (17)

1.一种用于燃式发动机的、特别是用于机动车辆的通风道管路(2)，所述通风道管路由至少两个管路部件(4、6)组成，所述至少两个管路部件由塑料借助于注塑成型制造并且沿互连线(8)连接到彼此，所述互连线由互连管道(10)组成，所述互连管道由用于每个相应管路部件的互连部件(12、14)在互连线(8)的区域中形成，所述管路部件(4、6)通过将所述塑料注射到所述互连管道(10)中来连接到彼此并且密封地被结合到彼此，
其特征在于，
所述互连部件(12、14)包括内部互连部件(16、18)，所述内部互连部件被设计为使得其在通风道管路(2)的内侧上形成平滑互连表面(20)并且适于在将所述塑料注射到互连管道中期间吸收来自互连管道(10)的压力，以及所述互连部件(12、14)包括外部互连部件(22、24)，所述外部互连部件适于机械地保持管路部件互连。
2.根据权利要求1所述的通风道管路，其中所述互连部件在每个相应管路部件上的互连部件之间呈现出接触面(26、28)，所述接触面包括第一接触面(26)和第二接触面(28)，并且所述接触面被设计为使得在压力在互连管道中上升期间，第一接触面(26)被压靠到第二接触面(28)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的通风道管路，其中所述接触面(26、28)被倾斜地斜切。
4.根据在前权利要求中任一项所述的通风道管路，其中所述外部互连部件(22、24)包括一个或多个紧固部件(30、32)，所述一个或多个紧固部件适于在将塑料注射到互连管道中期间通过将紧固力施加到所述紧固部件来保持管路部件被紧固到彼此。
5.根据权利要求4所述的通风道管路，其中所述紧固部件(30、32)部分地呈现出关于通风道管的横截面径向地定向的部段，其中所述径向地定向的部段构成用于所述紧固力的抵接面。
6.根据在前权利要求中任一项所述的通风道管路，其中注塑成型借助于热流道注塑成型技术进行。
7.根据在前权利要求中任一项所述的通风道管路，其中所述塑料是热塑性材料、优选地是聚丙烯或聚酰胺。
8.一种用于制造用于燃式发动机、特别是用于机动车辆的燃式发动机的通风道管路的方法，其中所述方法包括：
A-借助于注塑成型由塑料制造至少两个管路部件：
B-将所述管路部件沿互连线连接到一起，所述互连线由互连管道组成，所述互连管道由用于每个相应管路部件的互连部件在互连线的区域中形成，以使得管路部件形成所述通风道管路，
其特征在于，所述互连部件包括内部互连部件，所述内部互连部件被设计为使得其在通风道管的内侧上形成均匀互连表面，以及所述互连部件包括外部互连部件，所述外部互连部件适于机械地保持管路部件互连，以及所述方法还包括：
C-借助于所述外部互连部件保持管路部件机械地互连；
D1-通过将所述塑料注射到所述互连管道中来建立管路部件之间的防漏密封；
D2-在将所述塑料注射到互连管道中期间借助于所述内部互连部件吸收来自互连管道的压力。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中所述方法包括：
D3-允许紧固金属部件，诸如支撑管，因为在D2中被提及的互连管道与所述金属部件以表面对接的方式连接。
10.根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其中所述内部互连部件在每个相应管路部件上的互连部件之间呈现出接触面，所述接触面包括第一接触面和第二接触面，以及其中接触面被设计为使得在压力在互连管道中上升期间，第一接触面(26)被压靠到第二接触面(28)。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述接触面被倾斜地斜切。
12.根据权利要求8-11中任一项所述的方法，其中所述外部互连部件包括一个或多个紧固部件，所述一个或多个紧固部件适于在将塑料注射到互连管道中期间通过将紧固力施加到所述紧固部件来保持管路部件被紧固到彼此。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中所述紧固部件部分地呈现出关于通风道管的横截面径向地定向的部段，其中所述径向地定向的部段构成用于所述紧固力的抵接面。
14.根据权利要求8-13中任一项所述的方法，其中注塑成型借助于热流道注塑成型技术进行。
15.根据权利要求8-14中任一项所述的方法，其中所述塑料是热塑性材料，优选地是聚丙烯或聚酰胺。
16.根据权利要求8-15中任一项所述的方法，其中步骤A-D2以具有最大持续时间200秒的连贯过程执行。
17.一种计算机程序制品，其包括计算机程序指令，所述计算机程序指令被配置以便当计算机程序指令在计算机***上运行时执行根据权利要求8-16中任一项所述的步骤，所述计算机程序制品能够由计算机读取。
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