CN104848795A - On-line wheel diameter measuring method - Google Patents
On-line wheel diameter measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104848795A CN104848795A CN201510114392.9A CN201510114392A CN104848795A CN 104848795 A CN104848795 A CN 104848795A CN 201510114392 A CN201510114392 A CN 201510114392A CN 104848795 A CN104848795 A CN 104848795A
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- wheel
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- laser instrument
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Abstract
Provided is an on-line wheel diameter measuring method used for measuring the diameter of a wheel passing through a guide rail. The on-line wheel diameter measuring method comprises: step (1): a laser emission assembly, a high-speed camera, and a magnetic sensor are provided, wherein the laser emission assembly comprises a first laser, a second laser, and a third laser; step (2): when the wheel of a train passes through the guide rail portion corresponding to the laser emission assembly and the magnetic sensor induces that the lowest point of the wheel presses on the position of the first laser face to the guide rail, the magnetic sensor drives the high-speed camera to shoot side surfaces of the wheel; step (3): the high-speed camera returns the shot photos to a central processor for measurement; step (4): the radius of an inner circle of a rim of the wheel is calculated according to X1, X2, H1, and H2; and step (5): the diameter D of the wheel is calculated by the combination of the acquired radius r according to the step (4) and the height G. According to the on-line wheel diameter measuring method, the laser emission assembly, the high-speed camera, and the magnetic sensor perform measurement and calculation in a cooperative manner, and the operation is simple and fast.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wheel diameter measuring method, particularly relate to a kind of online wheel diameter measuring method of locomotive.
Background technology
Wheel is the critical component of motor supply shop's walking system, is the part that locomotive contacts with rail, be also industry said take turns right.And the physical dimension diameter Relationship of wheel is to traffic safety.In recent years, the development of railway speed increase and the high density of rolling stock are run, and accelerate the wearing and tearing of wheel.The wheel fallen short of specifications for avoiding size is also continuing to come into operation, and guarantees the safety of train driving, needs directly measuring dynamically wheel.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide the online wheel diameter measuring method that a kind of degree of accuracy is high.
A kind of online wheel diameter measuring method, the diameter for the wheel to process on guide rail is measured, and this wheel diameter measuring method comprises the steps:
Step (1): a Laser emission assembly, a high speed camera and a magnetic sensor are provided, this Laser emission assembly comprises the first laser instrument, a second laser and one the 3rd laser instrument; Described first laser instrument, second laser, the 3rd laser instrument, high speed camera are installed in the same side of described guide rail, second laser and the 3rd laser instrument lay respectively at the left and right sides of the first laser instrument, and described magnetic sensor is corresponding with the position of the first laser instrument to be arranged; First laser instrument, second laser and the 3rd laser instrument send the laser of vertical bar shaped towards the side of wheel; First laser instrument and second laser are X along the distance in guide rail direction
1, the first laser instrument and the 3rd laser instrument are X along the distance in guide rail direction
2;
Step (2): when the wheel of train in the rail sections that Laser emission assembly is corresponding, described magnetic sensor sense that the minimum point of wheel is pressed on the position of the just right guide rail of the first laser instrument time, described magnetic sensor drives the side of described high speed camera to wheel to take pictures; The laser that now the first laser instrument, second laser, the 3rd laser instrument send is radiated on the side of this wheel, the photo that high speed camera photographed shows the vertical line segment at three sections of intervals that are parallel to each other on the car rim of this wheel; The described line segment summit crossing with the inner circle of wheel rim is respectively an A, some B, some C; Wherein, the distance put between A and some B direction along ng a path is described distance X
1, the distance between some A and some C direction along ng a path is described distance X
2;
Step (3): photographed photo is back in a central processing unit and measures by described high speed camera; The position of the photo that the corresponding described high speed camera of described guide rail apical margin is taken is set to line L; Point A, some B, the some C of central processing unit comparison film measure, and obtaining vertical direction being put A with the difference in height of some B is H
1, some A with some C difference in height be H
2; A point on central processing unit comparison film is measured with the distance of the line L of the apical margin of the guide rail set in advance, obtains height G;
Step (4): according to X
1, X
2, H
1, H
2calculate the inner circle radius r of the wheel rim of wheel;
Step (5): combine the diameter D:D=2 (r+G) that height G calculates wheel according to the radius r of gained in step (4).
Further, in described step (4), X is worked as
1=X
2, H
1=H
2time, r=(X
1 2+ H
1 2)/(2H
1).
Further, in described step (4), the length of side AB on leg-of-mutton three limits that first calculation level A, some B, some C form, AC, BC, wherein
then calculate according to the value of AB, AC, BC
Further, in described step (4), X is worked as
1=X
2, H
1≠ H
2time, first calculate
when Z≤0.3, the inner circle radius of described wheel rim
Further, when 0≤Z≤0.1, ask its mean value
calculate the inner circle radius r=(X of described wheel rim again
1 2+ H
2)/(2H).
Further, in described step (4), X is worked as
1=X
2, H
1≠ H
2time, first calculate
as Z>0.3, described central processing unit stops calculating and sending to go out to keep in repair alarm, requires to adjust the position of magnetic sensor.
Compared with prior art, the laser that the present invention is sent by the first laser instrument, second laser, the 3rd laser instrument is to the irradiation of the wheel rim of wheel, high speed camera carries out taking pictures the numerical value of the laser line segment reading wheel rim side, thus calculate radius of a circle in wheel rim, add the low spot of wheel rim inner circle and the distance of guide rail end face, obtain the radius of wheel, thus be multiplied by two obtain wheel at linear diameter, simple and fast.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Laser emission assembly, high speed camera and magnetic sensor that Fig. 1 uses for online wheel diameter measuring method of the present invention are arranged on guide rail side, and the schematic diagram of wheel process.
Fig. 2 is the front view of Fig. 1, and its center line L represents guide rail apical margin.
Fig. 3 be the interior radius of a circle of the wheel rim of wheel in Fig. 2 adopt in the first embodiment algorithm time data processing schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the fundamental diagram of the magnetic sensor of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 be the interior radius of a circle of the wheel rim of wheel in Fig. 2 adopt in the second embodiment algorithm time data processing schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the derivation of equation auxiliary view of the algorithm in Fig. 5 in the second embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that the first laser instrument of Laser emission assembly in another embodiment and wheel produce when offseting.
Embodiment
In order to make technical scheme of the present invention more clearly show, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
First embodiment:
Shown in composition graphs 1 to Fig. 4, the online wheel diameter measuring method of the first embodiment of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
Step (1): Laser emission assembly 100, high speed camera 40 and a magnetic sensor 50 is provided, this Laser emission assembly 100 comprises the first laser instrument 10, second laser 20 and one the 3rd laser instrument 30; Described first laser instrument 10, second laser 20, the 3rd laser instrument 30, high speed camera 40 are installed in the same side of guide rail, wherein second laser 20 and the 3rd laser instrument 30 are separately positioned on the both sides of the first laser instrument 10, and described magnetic sensor 50 is corresponding with the first laser instrument 10 to be arranged; Described first laser instrument 10, second laser 20 and the 3rd laser instrument 30 send the line laser of vertical bar shaped towards wheel; First laser instrument 10 and second laser 20 are X along the distance in guide rail direction
1, the first laser instrument 10 and the 3rd laser instrument 30 are X along the distance in guide rail direction
2; In the present embodiment, described distance X
1with distance X
2equal, namely the first laser instrument 10 is identical along the distance in guide rail direction with the 3rd laser instrument 30 with the first laser instrument 10 along the distance in guide rail direction with second laser 20;
Step (2): when the wheel of train in the rail sections of Laser emission assembly 100 correspondence, described magnetic sensor 50 sense that the minimum point of wheel is pressed on the position of the just right guide rail of the first laser instrument 10 time, described magnetic sensor 50 drives the side of high speed camera 40 pairs of wheels to take pictures; The line laser that now the first laser instrument 10, second laser 20, the 3rd laser instrument 30 send is radiated on the side of this wheel, and three sections of the photo that therefore high speed camera 40 photographed showing on the car rim of this wheel are parallel to each other vertical line segment; As shown in Figure 2, the laser that described three sections of line segments are respectively the first laser instrument 10, second laser 20, the 3rd laser instrument 30 send impinges upon the lines on wheel rim between the inner circle of this wheel rim and cylindrical, and these three sections of line segments summit crossing with wheel rim inner circle is respectively an A, some B, some C; Because the first laser instrument 10 and second laser 20 are X along the distance in guide rail direction
1, the first laser instrument 10 and the 3rd laser instrument 30 are X along the distance in guide rail direction
2, therefore some A and the distance put between B direction along ng a path and horizontal direction are X
1, some A and the distance put between C direction along ng a path and horizontal direction are X
2;
Step (3): photographed photo is back in a central processing unit and measures by described high speed camera 40; The position that the corresponding described high speed camera 40 of described guide rail apical margin is taken a picture is set to line L, and namely high speed camera 40 is in the position of guide rail apical margin of wheel not by photographing during guide rail, and in photo, desired location is this line L in advance; Point A, some B, the some C of central processing unit comparison film measure, and can obtain vertical direction being put A with the difference in height of some B is H
1, some A with some C difference in height be H
2; In the present embodiment, due to X
1=X
2, and put A and be positioned at immediately below the center of wheel rim, therefore H
1=H
2; Meanwhile, the A point on central processing unit comparison film is measured with the distance of the line L of the apical margin of the guide rail set in advance, obtains height G;
Step (4): according to X
1, X
2, H
1, H
2calculate the inner circle radius r of wheel rim; As shown in Figure 3, due to X
1=X
2, H
1=H
2, according to the Pythagorean theorem of right-angle triangle, known r
2=X
1 2+ (r-H
1)
2; Inner circle radius r=(the X of this wheel rim is drawn after conversion
1 2+ H
1 2)/(2H
1);
Step (5): combine the diameter D that height G calculates wheel according to the radius r of gained in step (4); Radius R due to wheel equals the inner circle radius r of wheel rim and the height G sum of described some A range line L, i.e. R=r+G; Finally calculate the diameter D=2R=2 (r+G) drawing wheel.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, the principle of work of described magnetic sensor 50, after filling high-intensity magnetic field with by the magnet steel of inside, puts the coil of high strength enamelled wire coiling, cover aluminium cover again by epoxy packages; When train passes through through out-of-date, the wheel rim of wheel passes through from the magnetic head end face be stuck in inside guide rail, cutting magnetic line, the induction electromotive force that on coil, generation one is sinusoidal wave, namely the line of centres of wheel and magnetic head becomes that moment of vertical line with track, this moment induced voltage is 0V, and high speed camera 40 is in this time trigger, thus the photo that the laser photographing the first laser instrument 10 aligns with wheel center.
The laser that the present invention is sent by the first laser instrument 10, second laser 20, the 3rd laser instrument 30 is to the irradiation of the wheel rim of wheel, high speed camera 40 carries out taking pictures the numerical value of the laser line segment reading wheel rim side, thus calculate radius of a circle in wheel rim, add the low spot of wheel rim inner circle and the distance of guide rail end face, obtain the radius of wheel, thus be multiplied by two obtain wheel at linear diameter, simple and fast.
Second embodiment:
Same referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 4, Fig. 5, the online wheel diameter measuring method of the second embodiment of the present invention, in this online wheel diameter measuring method, does not require the first laser instrument 10 and the distance X of second laser 20 along guide rail direction
1with the first laser instrument 10 and the 3rd laser instrument 30 distance X along guide rail direction
2equal, i.e. X
1can with X
2equal or unequal; In like manner, putting A with the difference in height of some B is H
1, some A with some C difference in height be H
2can be equal or unequal.
The difference of the online wheel diameter measuring method of the second embodiment of the present invention and the online wheel diameter measuring method of the first embodiment is, the method that step (4) calculates the inner circle radius r of wheel rim is different, concrete composition graphs 5 and Fig. 6 as follows:
Step (4): the length of side AB on leg-of-mutton three limits that calculation level A, some B, some C form, AC, BC, wherein
Owing to supposing known leg-of-mutton three limit a, b, c, can show that this leg-of-mutton circumradius r is
Wherein,
Derivation method as shown in Figure 6:
The length of side a on known leg-of-mutton three limits, b, c, suppose that the angle that c is corresponding is C, this leg-of-mutton circumradius is r, leg-of-mutton semi-perimeter is p, namely
can draw:
therefore,
Obtained by Heron's formula (being the formula utilizing the length of side of three sides of a triangle directly to ask triangle area):
Therefore, substitute into above-mentioned formula in conjunction with by S,
Therefore, the online wheel diameter measuring method of the second embodiment of the present invention, according to X
1, X
2, H
1, H
2the inner circle radius of this car rim can be calculated; Through checking computations, work as X
1=X
2, H
1=H
2time, the r=(X in the first embodiment can be drawn equally
1 2+ H
1 2)/(2H
1).
Other embodiment:
Understandably, in other embodiments, in described step (4), X is worked as
1=X
2, H
1≠ H
2time, the error due to magnetic sensor 50 causes the skew of the central point of the first laser instrument 10 and wheel, as shown in Figure 7, and parameters
as Z>0.3, illustrate that the first laser instrument 10 is too many with the skew of the central point of wheel, although the inner circle radius r of car rim can truly calculate, but the difference in height of the minimum point of the inner circle of A point and car rim is larger, thus cause the height of the perigee distance line L of the inner circle of the height G of described some A range line L and real car rim to occur comparatively big error, this numerical value will not adopt, central processing unit stops calculating and sending to go out to keep in repair alarm, requires to adjust the position of magnetic sensor 50;
When Z≤0.3, the formula in the second embodiment is directly used to carry out calculating radius r, namely
Wherein, in the scope of Z≤0.3, when 0≤Z≤0.1, due to H
1, H
2difference little, the formula substituted into after can directly adopting its mean value in the first embodiment carries out calculating radius r, namely
r=(X
1 2+ H
2)/(2H).
The above embodiment only have expressed several embodiment of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (6)
1. an online wheel diameter measuring method, the diameter for the wheel to process on guide rail is measured, and it is characterized in that: this wheel diameter measuring method comprises the steps:
Step (1): a Laser emission assembly, a high speed camera and a magnetic sensor are provided, this Laser emission assembly comprises the first laser instrument, a second laser and one the 3rd laser instrument; Described first laser instrument, second laser, the 3rd laser instrument, high speed camera are installed in the same side of described guide rail, second laser and the 3rd laser instrument lay respectively at the left and right sides of the first laser instrument, and described magnetic sensor is corresponding with the position of the first laser instrument to be arranged; First laser instrument, second laser and the 3rd laser instrument send the laser of vertical bar shaped towards the side of wheel; First laser instrument and second laser are X along the distance in guide rail direction
1, the first laser instrument and the 3rd laser instrument are X along the distance in guide rail direction
2;
Step (2): when the wheel of train in the rail sections that Laser emission assembly is corresponding, described magnetic sensor sense that the minimum point of wheel is pressed on the position of the just right guide rail of the first laser instrument time, described magnetic sensor drives the side of described high speed camera to wheel to take pictures; The laser that now the first laser instrument, second laser, the 3rd laser instrument send is radiated on the side of this wheel, the photo that high speed camera photographed shows the vertical line segment at three sections of intervals that are parallel to each other on the car rim of this wheel; The described line segment summit crossing with the inner circle of wheel rim is respectively an A, some B, some C; Wherein, the distance put between A and some B direction along ng a path is described distance X
1, the distance between some A and some C direction along ng a path is described distance X
2;
Step (3): photographed photo is back in a central processing unit and measures by described high speed camera; The position of the photo that the corresponding described high speed camera of described guide rail apical margin is taken is set to line L; Point A, some B, the some C of central processing unit comparison film measure, and obtaining vertical direction being put A with the difference in height of some B is H
1, some A with some C difference in height be H
2; A point on central processing unit comparison film is measured with the distance of the line L of the apical margin of the guide rail set in advance, obtains height G;
Step (4): according to X
1, X
2, H
1, H
2calculate the inner circle radius r of the wheel rim of wheel;
Step (5): combine the diameter D:D=2 (r+G) that height G calculates wheel according to the radius r of gained in step (4).
2. online wheel diameter measuring method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (4), work as X
1=X
2, H
1=H
2time, r=(X
1 2+ H
1 2)/(2H
1).
3. online wheel diameter measuring method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (4), the length of side AB on leg-of-mutton three limits that first calculation level A, some B, some C form, AC, BC, wherein
then calculate according to the value of AB, AC, BC
4. online wheel diameter measuring method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (4), work as X
1=X
2, H
1≠ H
2time, first calculate
when Z≤0.3, the inner circle radius of described wheel rim
5. online wheel diameter measuring method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: when 0≤Z≤0.1, asks its mean value
calculate the inner circle radius r=(X of described wheel rim again
1 2+ H
2)/(2H).
6. online wheel diameter measuring method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (4), work as X
1=X
2, H
1≠ H
2time, first calculate
as Z>0.3, described central processing unit stops calculating and sending to go out to keep in repair alarm, requires to adjust the position of magnetic sensor.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510114392.9A CN104848795A (en) | 2015-03-16 | 2015-03-16 | On-line wheel diameter measuring method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510114392.9A CN104848795A (en) | 2015-03-16 | 2015-03-16 | On-line wheel diameter measuring method |
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Family
ID=53848625
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510114392.9A Pending CN104848795A (en) | 2015-03-16 | 2015-03-16 | On-line wheel diameter measuring method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105292178A (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2016-02-03 | 东莞市诺丽电子科技有限公司 | On-line wheel diameter measurement method for tramcars |
| CN105423934A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-23 | 东莞市诺丽电子科技有限公司 | Train wheel diameter detection method |
| CN107415985A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-12-01 | 东莞市诺丽电子科技有限公司 | Train wheel diameter detection method |
| CN109421768A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-03-05 | 成都唐源电气股份有限公司 | A kind of automatic passing over of neutral section magnetic pillow detection device and method |
| CN110849280A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-28 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Wheel measuring equipment |
| CN111189734A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-22 | 河南省计量科学研究院 | Brinell hardness tester standard machine |
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| FR2805038A1 (en) * | 2000-02-14 | 2001-08-17 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Optical photographic unit for measuring the dimensions of railway wheels using two laser light sources and two cameras |
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| CN101219672A (en) * | 2008-01-16 | 2008-07-16 | 北京交通大学 | Non-contact type dynamic measuring device and method for wheel diameter based on laser and method thereof |
| JP2008180619A (en) * | 2007-01-25 | 2008-08-07 | Act Denshi Kk | Wheel measuring method and wheel measuring apparatus therefor |
| CN104406534A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-03-11 | 西南交通大学 | Locomotive wheel diameter detection system |
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| FR2805038A1 (en) * | 2000-02-14 | 2001-08-17 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Optical photographic unit for measuring the dimensions of railway wheels using two laser light sources and two cameras |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105292178A (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2016-02-03 | 东莞市诺丽电子科技有限公司 | On-line wheel diameter measurement method for tramcars |
| CN105292178B (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2017-12-29 | 东莞市诺丽电子科技有限公司 | Online tramcar wheel diameter measuring method |
| CN105423934A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-23 | 东莞市诺丽电子科技有限公司 | Train wheel diameter detection method |
| CN107415985A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-12-01 | 东莞市诺丽电子科技有限公司 | Train wheel diameter detection method |
| CN109421768A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-03-05 | 成都唐源电气股份有限公司 | A kind of automatic passing over of neutral section magnetic pillow detection device and method |
| CN110849280A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-28 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Wheel measuring equipment |
| CN111189734A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-22 | 河南省计量科学研究院 | Brinell hardness tester standard machine |
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Application publication date: 20150819 |
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