CN104801784A - Online detecting method of spiral bevel gear machining process - Google Patents
Online detecting method of spiral bevel gear machining process Download PDFInfo
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- CN104801784A CN104801784A CN201510193473.2A CN201510193473A CN104801784A CN 104801784 A CN104801784 A CN 104801784A CN 201510193473 A CN201510193473 A CN 201510193473A CN 104801784 A CN104801784 A CN 104801784A
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Abstract
The invention provides an online detecting method of a spiral bevel gear machining process. The method comprises the following steps of 1, directly acquiring point cloud data of a gear on a gear machining machine tool by using a laser scanner; 2, pre-processing the point cloud data of the gear, converting the point cloud data into curve surface data with st1 format, and according to the curve surface data, building a reconstruction model of the detected gear; 3, taking the designed model of the gear as a reference target, re-positioning the reconstruction model of the gear; 4, making section lines of the reconstruction model and the designed model of the gear along the gear height direction and the gear length direction of the gear, and measuring the deviation value of the section lines. Online detection on a spiral bevel gear can be realized, and the gear is not required to be loaded or unloaded for multiple times in a detecting process, so that mounting error is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Gear Processing art field, particularly relate to the online test method of the Machining Spiral Bevel Gear process towards large-scale circle-arc tooth.
Background technology
Registration is large, stable drive, bearing capacity advantages of higher owing to having for large-scale spiral bevel gear pair, being widely used in intersecting and crossed axis transmission of various equipment, is the core transmission system of metallurgical machinery, mining machinery, energy extraction machinery, generating set, shield driving machinery etc.That commonly uses at present has circle-arc tooth system and Ao Likang tooth system two kinds, and wherein the application of circle-arc tooth system is more extensive.
The manufacture process of Gleason gear mainly comprises links such as rough milling tooth, fit, heat treatment, roll flute, finished product detection.The cutting way wherein rough milling tooth adopts interrupted indexing, tooth precision is divided to depend on the gear device precision of lathe itself, wayward, especially large-scale Gleason gear, its cutting force is large, and lathe vibration amplitude is large, and profile of tooth, size and precision are more difficult to ensure designing requirement, need to cut fit through repeated multiple times detection, essence, qualified profile of tooth and precision could be obtained.
At present, the detection method that spiral bevel gear is conventional is gears meshing method, is contained on special engagement inspection machine and carries out rolling, and on the flank of tooth, spray red lead in advance, to check driving wheel and the driven pulley contact zone on the flank of tooth by driving wheel and driven pulley.If contact zone is not in desirable region, Bearing pattern does not reach ideal form, then need rule of thumb, and the parameter of adjustment cutterhead and lathe, carry out essence and cut fit, this kind of detection method is not high to equipment requirement, easy to operate, is adopted by most of Gear Processing enterprise.
Another kind of detection method adopts three-dimensional coordinates measurement technology, tested gear is placed on three coordinate measuring machine, by gathering multiple point coordinate data on the flank of tooth, curve is simulated again according to principle of least square method, this curve is certain line on the tested flank of tooth, by the contrast with the design flank of tooth, checks the tested flank of tooth and the deviation designing the flank of tooth, for machined parameters adjustment provides foundation, the method can realize quantitative measurment.
Gears meshing detection method belongs to qualitative examination, cannot measure the concrete deviate of the tooth proportions after processing and design size, repeatedly can only carry out engagement by rule of thumb and check and fit, and therefore the process-cycle is difficult to ensure, cuts, wheel blank can be caused to scrap if cross.And each engagement checks and fit, all need gear repeatedly to load and unload in processing and checkout facility, there is rigging error.
Three-dimensional coordinates measurement method also needs gear to unload from equipment, cannot on-line checkingi, and when remaining based on a most young waiter in a wineshop or an inn linear fit that method principle carries out a little, there is fitness bias, obtain the curve coincide with the actual flank of tooth, require that the data point gathered concentrates on the long or tooth depth direction of certain tooth, and due to the spiral bevel gear flank of tooth be free form surface, being difficult to during measurement reach this requirement, there is unmanageable deviation in curve and the actual flank of tooth of therefore matching.
Present patent application comprehensive utilization portable laser scanning and digital-to-analogue are than reciprocity reverse technology, realize the on-line checkingi of Machining Spiral Bevel Gear process, without the need to unloading lower gear, process equipment can carry out quantitative measurment to gear, adopt laser scanner technique, the cloud data of gear can be obtained rapidly, by with the comparison that designs a model, measure the deviate of the wheel teeth size after processing and design size, can be cutter and lathe parameter adjustment quantitative data foundation is provided.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention, is the online test method providing a kind of Machining Spiral Bevel Gear process, can realizes the on-line measurement of spiral bevel gear, measuring process does not need repeatedly to load and unload gear, avoids alignment error.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of online test method of Machining Spiral Bevel Gear process, and described method specifically comprises the steps:
Step 1, utilize laser scanner, gear cutting machine directly obtains the cloud data of gear, and the cloud data of this gear comprises: the cloud data of the wheel flank of tooth of gear, axis hole face and end face;
Step 2, pretreatment is carried out to the cloud data of gear, and be converted to the curved surface data of stl form, set up tested gear reconstruction model according to curved surface data;
Step 3, design a model as references object with gear, the gear reconstruction model described in reorientation;
Step 4, do gear reconstruction model and the section line that designs a model along gear tooth depth and tooth length direction, and measure the deviate of section line.
Further, described step 3 is specially: imported by gear reconstruction model in Three-dimensional CAD Software, design a model as references object with gear, gear reconstruction model is as measuring object, by axis hole face and the end face of gear, reorientation gear reconstruction model, makes gear reconstruction model and designs a model to coincide, and carry out staff cultivation.
Further, described step 4 is specially: do cross section one along gear tooth depth direction and tooth length direction does cross section two, and obtain the gear reconstruction model section line in tooth depth direction, design a model section line; The reconstruction model section line of tooth length direction, design a model mode cross section line; By measuring the deviate obtaining gear reconstruction model and tooth depth direction long along tooth with the gear teeth male and fomale(M&F) designed a model.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention can realize the on-line measurement of spiral bevel gear, and measuring process does not need repeatedly to load and unload gear, avoids alignment error; Realize online in process of spiral bevel gear quantitatively to detect, obtain the processing dimension of gear and the deviate of design size, for the cutter of next process and lathe parameter adjustment provide data foundation; Detecting data is quantitative deviate, can effectively help to determine lathe parameter.The data detected are some cloud, compared with three-dimensional coordinates measurement the method shape and size can reacting the whole gear teeth more comprehensively exactly and the deviation designed a model.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Machining Spiral Bevel Gear process on-line checkingi schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the gear cloud data of tested gear.
Fig. 3 is that the gear teeth of gear design a model.
Fig. 4 is the reconstruction model of gear and the comparison that designs a model.
Fig. 5 is cross section, tooth depth direction line deflection measurement.
Fig. 6 is tooth length direction cross section line deflection measurement.
Detailed description of the invention
Refer to shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, the online test method of a kind of Machining Spiral Bevel Gear process of the present invention, utilizes accurate portable laser scanner, the cloud data of direct prototype gear on gear cutting machine, again with design size comparison, measure the deviate of the two.Concrete enforcement comprises the steps:
Step 1, utilize laser scanner, gear cutting machine directly obtains the cloud data of gear, emphasis gathers the cloud data (as Fig. 2) of 2-3 the gear teeth; The cloud data of this gear comprises: the cloud data of the wheel flank of tooth of gear, axis hole face and end face;
Step 2, pretreatment is carried out to the cloud data of gear, and be converted to the curved surface data of stl form, set up tested gear reconstruction model according to curved surface data;
Step 3, as shown in Figure 3, designs a model 1 for references object, the gear reconstruction model 2 described in reorientation with gear; Described step 3 is specially: imported by gear reconstruction model in Three-dimensional CAD Software, as adopted UG software, design a model as references object with gear, gear reconstruction model is as measuring object, by axis hole face and the end face of gear, reorientation gear reconstruction model, makes gear reconstruction model and designs a model to coincide, and carry out staff cultivation (as Fig. 4).
Step 4, do gear reconstruction model and the section line that designs a model along gear tooth depth and tooth length direction, measure section line deviate.Described step 4 is specially: do cross section 1 along gear tooth depth direction and tooth length direction does cross section 24, and obtain the gear reconstruction model section line 5 of tooth depth, design a model section line 6; Reconstruction model 2 section line 7 of tooth length direction, design a model 1 mode cross section line 8; By measuring the deviate obtaining reconstruction model and tooth depth direction long along tooth with the gear teeth male and fomale(M&F) that designs a model.As: at tooth depth direction (as Fig. 5), the deviate in the convex side centre position of reconstruction model is 0.560mm, and the deviate in recessed flank of tooth centre position is 0.700mm.At tooth length direction (as Fig. 6), the convex side of gear reconstruction model is bigger than normal at small end, and deviate is about 0.840mm, overlaps with designing a model gradually along small end; The recessed flank of tooth overlaps with designing a model small end is basic, along holding greatly deviate to increase gradually, is about 1.029mm.
In a word, the present invention can realize the on-line measurement of spiral bevel gear, and measuring process does not need repeatedly to load and unload gear, avoids alignment error; Realize online in process of spiral bevel gear quantitatively to detect, obtain the processing dimension of gear and the deviate of design size, for the cutter of next process and lathe parameter adjustment provide data foundation; Detecting data is quantitative deviate, can effectively help to determine lathe parameter.The data detected are some cloud, compared with three-dimensional coordinates measurement the method shape and size can reacting the whole gear teeth more comprehensively exactly and the deviation designed a model.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations done according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. an online test method for Machining Spiral Bevel Gear process, is characterized in that: described method specifically comprises the steps:
Step 1, utilize laser scanner, gear cutting machine directly obtains the cloud data of gear, and the cloud data of this gear comprises: the cloud data of the wheel flank of tooth of gear, axis hole face and end face;
Step 2, pretreatment is carried out to the cloud data of gear, and be converted to the curved surface data of stl form, set up the gear reconstruction model of tested gear according to curved surface data;
Step 3, design a model as references object with gear, the gear reconstruction model described in reorientation;
Step 4, do gear reconstruction model and the section line that designs a model along gear tooth depth and tooth length direction, and measure the deviate of section line.
2. the online test method of a kind of Machining Spiral Bevel Gear process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 3 is specially: gear reconstruction model is imported in Three-dimensional CAD Software, design a model as references object with gear, gear reconstruction model is as measuring object, by axis hole face and the end face of gear, reorientation gear reconstruction model, makes reconstruction model and designs a model to coincide, and carry out staff cultivation.
3. the online test method of a kind of Machining Spiral Bevel Gear process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 4 is specially: do cross section one (3) along gear tooth depth direction and tooth length direction does cross section two (4), obtain the reconstruction model section line (5) in tooth depth direction, the section line that designs a model (6); The reconstruction model section line (7) of tooth length direction, design a model mode cross section line (8); By measuring the deviate obtaining gear reconstruction model and tooth depth direction long along tooth with the gear teeth male and fomale(M&F) designed a model.
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| CN105698722A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-06-22 | 深圳市海翔铭实业有限公司 | Gear precision measurement and evaluation method |
| CN107234304A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-10-10 | 昆山国立传动机械有限公司 | Accuracy of gear real-time visual apparatus and method based on gear grinding machines on-machine measurement |
| CN108984889A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-11 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of mechanical no-load voltage ratio diverter gear pair rack tooth profile digital design procedure |
| CN110052569A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-07-26 | 安庆市吉安汽车零件锻轧有限公司 | A kind of intelligence gear shaft forging rolling technique |
| CN110068273A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-07-30 | 苏州天准软件有限公司 | A kind of laser fusion scaling method based on 3D model |
| CN110645933A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2020-01-03 | 黑龙江工程学院 | Method for measuring tooth surface parameters of straight-tooth conical gear |
| CN111975455A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-11-24 | 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司 | Spiral bevel gear on-line measuring method |
| CN116429047A (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-07-14 | 扬州保来得科技实业有限公司 | Gear profile measuring and evaluating method |
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| CN108984889A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-11 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of mechanical no-load voltage ratio diverter gear pair rack tooth profile digital design procedure |
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| CN110645933A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2020-01-03 | 黑龙江工程学院 | Method for measuring tooth surface parameters of straight-tooth conical gear |
| CN110068273A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-07-30 | 苏州天准软件有限公司 | A kind of laser fusion scaling method based on 3D model |
| CN110052569A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-07-26 | 安庆市吉安汽车零件锻轧有限公司 | A kind of intelligence gear shaft forging rolling technique |
| CN111975455A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-11-24 | 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司 | Spiral bevel gear on-line measuring method |
| CN116429047A (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-07-14 | 扬州保来得科技实业有限公司 | Gear profile measuring and evaluating method |
| CN116429047B (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-10-13 | 扬州保来得科技实业有限公司 | Gear profile measuring and evaluating method |
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Application publication date: 20150729 |