CN104736868A - 具有密封子组件的滚动轴承 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种滚动轴承,其包括内环(16)、外环(14)和至少一排设在所述环之间的滚动元件(18),以及至少一个安装在其中一个环(16)上的密封子组件(24),该子组件设有与所述环轴向接触且朝向另一个环延伸的防护罩(40)、以及固定到所述防护罩上且与所述环摩擦接触的密封元件(42)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及滚动轴承。
背景技术
在滚动轴承中,通常使用一个或多个密封件或密封装置以使润滑剂、例如油脂保持在轴承内并且防止杂质进入。通常这样的密封件或密封装置附连于其中一个环且与另一个环配合。
国际专利文献WO-A1-2011/121385(SKF)公开了一种滚动轴承,包括内环、外环和两个密封装置,以便封闭两个环之间存在的径向空间。每个密封装置包括径向地设置之间的密封件以及固定到内环且横向地排列以便限定其间的间隙之间的环形防护罩。所述防护罩包括与内环的径向表面轴向接触的径向部分,其通过布置在所述环的孔中制成环形凹槽内的弯曲的内部部分延伸。
采用这样的密封装置,一些外来污染物颗粒,如灰尘或泥水,可以穿过在防护罩的内部部分和内环的凹槽之间存在的空间(S)。实际上的,防护罩是由金属薄板通过折叠、切割和冲压形成。此外,所述防护罩的内部部分压配合到凹槽内。因此,防护罩的内部部分并不具有良好平面性地完全笔直,一些径向的狭窄的通道可形成在所述内部部分的外表面和所述内环的凹槽之间。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是克服上述缺点。
本发明的特定目标是提供一种易于制造和装配且同时确保良好密封特性的滚动轴承。
在一个实施方式中,所述滚动轴承包括内环、外环和至少一排设在所述环之间的滚动元件,以及至少一个安装在其中一个所述环上的密封子组件,该密封子组件设有与所述环轴向接触且朝向另一个环延伸的防护罩以及固定到所述防护罩上且与所述环摩擦接触的密封元件。
所述密封元件至少径向地压靠在所述环上。
优选地,调整所述密封元件和处在自由状态的所述环的相对直径,从而在它们之间产生永久的干涉配合。
在一个实施方式中,所述防护罩由刚性材料形成,而所述密封元件由柔性材料形成。
压靠在所述环上的所述密封元件的表面具有与所述环的相关表面互补的形状。所述密封元件包括压靠在所述环上的唇部。
在一个实施方式中,所述密封元件压靠在所述环上制成的凹槽上。优选地,所述凹槽朝向外部倾斜地延伸。
优选地,所述防护罩包括与所述环的前表面轴向接触的径向部分。
在一个实施方式中,所述防护罩还包括从所述径向部分朝向所述环轴向地延伸的轴向部分。优选地,所述密封元件径向地设在所述环和所述防护罩的轴向部分之间。压靠在所述防护罩的轴向部分的所述密封元件的表面具有与所述轴向部分的相关表面互补的形状。
在另一实施方式中,所述防护罩仅包括径向部分。所述密封元件固定在所述防护罩的径向部分的自由边缘。
在一个实施方式中,所述滚动轴承还包括安装在另一个环上的附加密封件并且它对所述环施加动态密封。所述附加密封件包括至少一个压靠在所述防护罩上的密封唇部。可替代地或以组合形式,所述防护罩包括至少一个压靠在所述附加密封件上的密封唇部。
在一个实施方式中,所述密封子组件安装在所述内环上。可替代地,所述子组件可安装在所述外环上。
附图说明
通过研究以非限制性实例给出且由附图说明的特定实施方式的具体描述,将更好地理解本发明及其优势,其中:
图1至图3表示根据本发明第一、第二和第三实例所述的滚动轴承的轴向半剖截面。
具体实施方式
如图1所示,其示出了根据本发明的第一实例所述的滚动轴承10的实施方式,所述滚动轴承具有轴线12,其包括外环14、内环16,***在所述各环之间的多个滚动元件18,在本例中是球,以及用来使所述滚动元件沿圆周保持间隔开来的保持架20。滚动轴承10在每侧上还包括环形密封件22和环形密封子组件24,从而封闭环14,16之间存在的径向空间。
内环和外环14、16相对于穿过滚动轴承10的中心的横向径向平面同心且对称。所述各环是实心型的。其中一个环旋转而另一个是固定的或者也旋转。外环14包括形成在其孔上的两个圆环状的圆形滚道以及从该孔径向朝向外部形成且横向于滚道布置的两个环形凹陷或凹槽。同样,内环16包括形成在其外轴向表面上的两个圆环状的圆形滚道以及从外表面径向朝向内部形成且横向于滚道布置的两个环形凹陷或凹槽。
每个密封件22径向地布置在外环和内环14和16之间、固定到所述外环并且横向于滚动元件18布置。每个密封件22设置有由金属或热塑性材料制成的刚性***件或芯构件26以及由橡胶、合成树脂、聚合物或类似物制成的弹性密封构件28,其部分地覆盖所述芯构件26。
密封部件28覆盖芯构件26的外表面,并且形成两个径向相对的外周密封部分,其分别与外环14形成静态密封以及与内环16形成动态密封。“静态密封”是指在没有相对于彼此移动的两个部件之间的密封。“动态密封”是指在相对于彼此移动的两个部件之间的密封。弹性构件28的外密封部分压配合在外环14的凹槽中,以将密封件22连接于所述环。
弹性构件28的内密封部分设有第一和第二内密封唇部30、32,它们彼此同心并轴向地向内延伸。第二唇部32压靠在内环的外表面上所形成的凹槽上。第一唇部30比第二唇部32的直径更大并且在内环16的外表面之上轴向地向内延伸,从而在它们之间形成迷宫式密封。内部密封部分还包括外密封唇部34,其朝向滚动轴承10的外部延伸并抵靠在所述密封子组件24的内表面上,从而在密封件26和所述密封子组件之间创建密封的轴向腔室36。该腔室可限定用于油脂的箱。外唇部34相对于内唇部30、32轴向地向外侧偏移。
每个密封子组件24包括联接到内环16的防护罩40以及固定到防护罩并且靠在所述环上的密封元件42。防护罩40具有环形的杯形并横向于内密封件22布置并且与所述密封间隔开。轴向腔室36形成在外防护罩40和内密封件22之间。防护罩40由刚性材料形成。该防护罩40可以例如由金属钢板通过折叠、切割和冲压形成。防护罩40也可由另一金属材料形成,例如铜或铝,或合金,如黄铜。可替代地,防护罩40也可以通过模制由塑料材料制成,例如聚酰胺(PA)。
防护罩40朝向外环14径向延伸,并且具有面向密封件22的相对的外表面且与内环16的轴向直接相接触的内表面。防护罩40包括环形径向部分40a和内环形轴向部分40b,环形径向部分40a与内环16的径向的横向前表面轴向上直接接触,内环形轴向部分40b从所述径向部分的小直径边缘轴向地向内延伸。径向部分40a的自由外边缘与密封件22限定迷宫式通道,以减少污染物的侵入。密封件的唇部34压靠在所述径向部40a的内面上,所述面与内环的前表面相接触。
防护罩的内部轴向部分40b轴向地延伸到所述内环的孔中并与所述孔保持距离。轴向部分40b和内环之间没有接触。轴向部分40b延伸到形成在内环16的孔中的环形凹槽16a内。轴向部分40b和凹槽16a之间限定径向间隙。凹槽16a具有截头圆锥形,并从内环的径向壁部16b倾斜地向下和向外延伸,所述内环轴向地界定所述凹槽。在所公开的实施方式中,防护罩的轴向部分40b的自由端与径向壁部16b保持距离。
密封元件42由柔性合成材料形成,例如由腈、聚酰胺、聚四氟乙烯、制成或者由诸如合成橡胶的弹性体制成。有利的是,密封元件42可通过二次模制或者甚至通过双注射成型被二次模制在防护罩40上。可替代地,密封元件42可通过任何适当的手段、例如通过胶合、硫化、夹紧等固定在防护罩上。
密封元件42被刚性地固定到防护罩的内部部分40b并且径向地设置在所述内部部分和内环16之间。密封元件42具有环形形状并且由压靠在防护罩的径向部分40a的内面上的第一径向表面和面对内环的径向壁部16b的第二相对径向表面轴向地界定。这里,密封元件42的第二径向表面与径向壁部16b轴向地保持距离。可替代地,所述径向表面可压靠在壁部16b上。密封元件42通过安装在防护罩的轴向部分40b的外表面上的环形孔42a以及与内环的凹槽16a摩擦相接触的外表面42b径向地界定。如果密封元件42二次模制在防护罩40上,所述防护罩的内轴向部分40b可包括从个通孔,其允许材料在二次模制过程中穿过,以便获得从密封元件的孔42A延伸的径向肋,从而确保这两个元件的良好的材料紧固。
密封元件的外表面42b具有相对于所述内环的凹槽16a互补的形状。所述外表面具有从截头圆锥形。密封子组件24与内环紧固,这是由于密封元件的外表面42b和内环的凹槽16a之间的摩擦接触力。在自由状态所述外表面42b的直径大于凹槽16a的直径,以便在密封元件42和内环16之间具有永久干涉配合16。这可靠地防止了密封子组件24相对于内环16的旋转和平移。密封元件42形成径向地压靠在内环16上的固定或锚定装置,从而将密封子组件24在轴向和圆周方向上均固定或连接到所述环。另外,密封元件42和内环16之间的干涉配合增强了这两个元件之间的静态密封的功效。
密封元件42通过力配合安装在内环16上,例如通过轴向卡扣或按压从而将防护罩40密封地附连到所述环。在凹槽16处中,密封元件42匹配内环的凹槽16a的形状。密封元件42围绕防护罩的内轴向部分40b,使得只有所述弹性密封元件在与内环16的孔相接触。密封元件42被径向地插在防护罩40和内环16之间。
在密封元件42装配到内环的孔中的过程中,所述内环在密封元件上施加径向压缩力。由于所施加的径向压缩力,密封元件42在内环16上施加永久的径向力,该径向力趋于使所述元件与所述环的凹槽16a保持径向接触。因此防止了杂质侵入密封元件42和内环16之间。
另外,在密封子组件24在内环上的装配过程中,密封元件42也被压缩,以补偿内环的制造缺陷或大的公差,当所述防护罩被安装在所述环上而没有密封元件***的时候,前述制造缺陷或大的公差可能导致内环和防护罩之间某些径向狭窄的通道。
图2中其中相同的部分给予相同的附图标记,图2所示实施方式与之前的实施方式的不同之处在于,密封元件42包括从所述元件的外表面42b延伸的环形径向跟部42c和从所述跟部延伸的环形唇部42d。唇部42d从跟部42c向外和向上倾斜地延伸并且与内环的凹槽16a永久摩擦接触。唇部42d在内环16的孔的方向上径向向外和轴向向上延伸,并且压靠在该孔上。在自由状态下唇部42d的直径大于内环的凹槽16a的直径,以便在密封元件42和内环16之间具有永久干涉配合。
图3中其中相同的部分给予相同的附图标记,图3所示实施方式与第一实施方式不同在于,该防护罩40仅包括径向部40a,密封元件42被固定到径向部分的小直径自由边缘的孔中。在自由状态下,密封元件的外表面42b的直径大于凹槽16a的直径,以便在密封元件和内环16之间有永久干涉配合。在此实施方式中,密封元件42包括环形的轴向延伸部分42a,其被安装到防护罩的径向部分40a的小直径自由边缘中并且轴向地向外延伸所述密封元件的孔。
在公开的实施方式中,密封元件被安装到所述内环的孔的截头圆锥形的凹槽中。可替代地,可以将所述密封元件安装到内环的圆柱形凹槽或者安装到没有凹槽的所述环的圆柱形孔中。在所描述的实施方式中,密封子组件24固定在内环16上。可替代地,可以将子组件固定在外环上。在本例中,压靠在外环的外表面上的密封元件和防护罩与所述外环的前表面轴向接触。
在另一个实施方式中,也可以预见压靠在密封件的密封构件28上的在防护罩的径向部分40a上的唇部(可选地或与唇部34结合)。在另一个实施方式中,也可以不使用附加的密封件22并且可以预见在防护罩的径向部分40a的自由边缘与相关的环之间的配合从而形成迷宫式通道。
刚性地连接到所述防护罩的密封元件能够得到单一的密封组件。具有与所述相关的环摩擦接触的周向连续表面的密封元件的特殊结构允许获得这样的密封子组件,其利用简单的轴向推压运动而没有角定向特别容易地安装在滚动轴承上。此外,采用这样的密封元件,由于接触超过360°,该密封子组件与相关的环具有改进的静态密封。另外,对于可能的制造缺陷、大的公差或装配约束,该密封元件能够实现补偿。
Claims (16)
1.一种滚动轴承,其包括内环(16)、外环(14)和至少一排设置在所述内环和外环之间的滚动元件(18),其特征在于,它还包括至少一个安装在其中一个环(16)上的密封子组件(24),该密封子组件设置有与所述环轴向接触且朝向另一个环延伸的防护罩(40)以及固定到所述防护罩上且与所述环摩擦接触的密封元件(42)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的滚动元件,其中,所述密封元件(42)至少径向地压靠在所述环上(16)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的滚动元件,其中,在自由状态下,调整所述密封元件(42)和所述环(16)的相对直径,从而在它们之间产生永久的干涉配合。
4.根据前述权利要求的任一项所述的滚动轴承,其中,所述防护罩(40)由刚性材料形成,而所述密封元件(42)由柔性材料形成。
5.根据前述权利要求的任一项所述的滚动轴承,其中,压靠在所述环上的所述密封元件(42)的表面具有与所述环(16)的相关表面互补的形状。
6.根据前述权利要求1至4的任一项所述的滚动轴承,其中,所述密封元件(42)包括压靠在所述环上的唇部(42d)。
7.根据前述权利要求的任一项所述的滚动轴承,其中,所述密封元件压靠在所述环上制成的凹槽(16a)上。
8.根据权利要求7所述的滚动轴承,其中,所述凹槽(16a)朝向外部倾斜地延伸。
9.根据前述权利要求的任一项所述的滚动轴承,其中,所述防护罩包括与所述环(16)的前表面轴向接触的径向部分(40a)。
10.根据权利要求9所述的滚动轴承,其中,所述防护罩还包括从所述径向部分朝向所述环(16)轴向延伸的轴向部分(40b)。
11.根据权利要求10所述的滚动轴承,其中,所述密封元件(42)径向地设置在所述环(16)和所述防护罩的轴向部分(40b)之间。
12.根据权利要求10或11所述的滚动轴承,其中,压靠在所述防护罩的轴向部分(40b)上的所述密封元件(42)的表面具有与所述轴向部分的相关表面互补的形状。
13.根据权利要求9所述的滚动轴承,其中,所述密封元件(42)固定在所述防护罩的径向部分(40a)的自由边缘。
14.根据前述权利要求的任一项所述的滚动轴承,还包括安装在另一个环上的附加密封件(22)并且它对所述环(16)施加动态密封。
15.根据权利要求14所述的滚动轴承,其中,所述附加密封件(22)包括至少一个压靠在所述防护罩(40)上的密封唇部(34)。
16.根据权利要求14或15所述的滚动轴承,其中,所述防护罩包括至少一个压靠在所述附加密封件(20)上的密封唇部。
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PCT/EP2012/070742 WO2014060042A1 (en) | 2012-10-19 | 2012-10-19 | Rolling bearing with sealing subassembly |
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US (1) | US20150345562A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2909493A1 (zh) |
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CN106837995A (zh) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-06-13 | 无锡市海峰海林精工机械制造有限公司 | 一种汽车发动机用耐高温密封轴承 |
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FR3039602B1 (fr) * | 2015-07-29 | 2018-01-26 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Assemblage de roulement |
EP3336371B1 (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2019-10-30 | Internordic Bearings AB | Bearing seal |
DE102018201827A1 (de) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-08-30 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Wälzlager |
IT202200003104A1 (it) * | 2022-02-21 | 2023-08-21 | Skf Ab | Complesso di supporto per applicazioni alimentari |
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FR1568654A (zh) * | 1967-06-16 | 1969-05-23 | ||
JPH09196071A (ja) * | 1996-01-22 | 1997-07-29 | Nippon Seiko Kk | シール装置付転がり軸受 |
US20020191877A1 (en) * | 1997-04-16 | 2002-12-19 | Hironori Suzuki | Rolling bearing unit with shield plate |
IT1294864B1 (it) * | 1997-09-12 | 1999-04-23 | Skf Ind Spa | Complesso di tenuta per un cuscinetto di rotolamento. |
JP4147629B2 (ja) * | 1998-08-10 | 2008-09-10 | 日本精工株式会社 | シール付き転がり軸受 |
EP1577560A1 (en) * | 2003-06-07 | 2005-09-21 | FAG Kugelfischer AG & Co. oHG | Water pump bearing |
JP4411911B2 (ja) * | 2003-09-10 | 2010-02-10 | Nok株式会社 | 密封装置 |
US7588372B2 (en) * | 2006-04-13 | 2009-09-15 | Bishop-Wisecarver Corporation | Guide wheel having a bearing for food and beverage applications |
WO2010059355A1 (en) * | 2008-10-30 | 2010-05-27 | The Timken Company | Endcap for wheel bearing assembly |
WO2010133240A1 (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2010-11-25 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Sealing device for rolling contact bearings |
CN102918288B (zh) | 2010-04-02 | 2015-06-10 | Skf公司 | 具有密封垫片和环形护罩的滚动轴承 |
-
2012
- 2012-10-19 CN CN201280076424.5A patent/CN104736868A/zh active Pending
- 2012-10-19 US US14/436,558 patent/US20150345562A1/en not_active Abandoned
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CN106837995A (zh) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-06-13 | 无锡市海峰海林精工机械制造有限公司 | 一种汽车发动机用耐高温密封轴承 |
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US20150345562A1 (en) | 2015-12-03 |
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