CN104733748A - Medium-high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system - Google Patents
Medium-high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104733748A CN104733748A CN201310723448.1A CN201310723448A CN104733748A CN 104733748 A CN104733748 A CN 104733748A CN 201310723448 A CN201310723448 A CN 201310723448A CN 104733748 A CN104733748 A CN 104733748A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention relates to a medium-high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system. The medium-high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system comprises a fuel cell pile, a hydrogen supply and circulating system, an air supply and circulating system, a cooling fluid circulating system, a heat exchanger and a cooling fluid circulating loop, wherein the hydrogen supply and circulating system, the air supply and circulating system and the cooling fluid circulating system are connected to the fuel cell pile; the heat exchanger is used for preheating hydrogen and air, the cooling fluid circulating loop is used for controlling the flow of the cooling fluid, the hydrogen flowing out of a pressure stabilizing valve enters the fuel cell pile by virtue of an injection pump after being subjected to heat exchanged with the heat exchanger, the air flowing out of a fan enters the fuel cell pile after being subjected to heat exchanged with the heat exchanger, and hot air discharged from an air outlet of the fuel cell pile is returned to the heat exchanger; the cooling fluid circulating loop comprises two electromagnetic control valves which are respectively connected to a cooling fluid circulating pump and a cooling fluid heat radiator and connected to a cooling fluid storage box by virtue of a circulating pipe, and all or partial cooling fluid does not enter the fuel cell pile by controlling one or two electromagnetic control valves. Compared with the prior art, the medium-high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system has the advantages that a medium-high-temperature fuel cell is stable to operate and high in efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technical field of new energies, especially relate to high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system in one.
Background technology
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells technology is the topmost key technology of 21 century human use Hydrogen Energy.A lot of country all gives the attention of height and support energetically to Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells technology industrialization, and achieves many substantial progress.Can predict, comprehensive industrialization of this technology will produce significant impact to future world energy supply and general layout.In modern society's life and economic construction, the importance of supply of electric power and guarantee is more and more important, simultaneously to improving electrical production and service efficiency and eco-friendlyly requiring that degree improves constantly.Distributed power generation close to user, reduce electric power long-distance sand transport, the advantage adjusted flexibly according to need for electricity is more and more subject to the attention of various countries.
According to the operating temperature of proton exchange membrane, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) can be divided into low temperature and middle high temperature two type.The operating temperature of low-temperature protonic exchange film fuel battery is general not higher than 90 DEG C, have and start the advantage fast, power density is high, lightweight, volume is little, it is very high to the hydrogen purity requirement as fuel, be applicable to being connected with the regenerative resource such as solar energy, the renewable energy conversion of instability is stable electric energy by the high-purity hydrogen utilizing brine electrolysis to produce, the operating temperature of middle high temperature proton exchange film fuel cell is at 100 DEG C to 200 DEG C, although compare the toggle speed slightly slow (needing preheating) of low-temperature protonic exchange film fuel battery (working temperature < 90 DEG C), power density is slightly low, but middle high temperature proton exchange film fuel cell (working temperature 100-200 DEG C) has very strong CO tolerance catalysts ability, be applicable to by natural gas very much, piped gas, methyl alcohol, propane, or even the hydrogen that the reformation of the various ways such as rubbish landfill gas and biological energy source is obtained, greatly reduce the use threshold of fuel cell technology for power generation, and due to high-temperature fuel cell operation and the high temperature of more than 100 DEG C, pile generates water and all vaporizes, fuel cell pack inner flow passage water blockoff can not be caused, the reliability of fuel cell improves greatly, service life exceeds more than 10 times than low-temperature fuel cell.In addition, middle high temperature proton exchange film fuel cell runs the high temperature produced and is more easily recovered utilization, is integrated into cogeneration system (CHP) and improves its capacity usage ratio further.Middle high temperature proton exchange film fuel cell has the advantages such as operation stability is high, system is simple, the life-span is long, and its application is very wide, from small-sized resident's home terminal cogeneration, to distributed power generation, the large-scale power station, center of building, community.
High temperature proton exchange film fuel cell technology is as using Solid-State proton exchange membrane as electrolytical one in fuel cell, the basic structure of its electrolytical key property, membrane electrode (membrane electrode assembly MEA) and the working method of fuel cell similar with low-temperature protonic exchange film fuel battery (working temperature < 90 DEG C): electrolyte is same is the conductor of proton, the insulator of electronics, and has low-down gas permeability; Membrane electrode MEA is its core component equally, and the bipolar plates of membrane electrode and its both sides constitutes the elementary cell-fuel-cell single-cell of fuel cell; The basic structure of membrane electrode is also middle proton exchange membrane, and film both sides are negative electrode and anode electrocatalyst respectively, the outer attached gas diffusion layers of anode and cathode eelctro-catalyst; The course of work, hydrogen through porose gas diffusion layers to catalyst layer, the hydrogen side of fuel cell is anode, catalyst makes Hydrogen Separation be proton and electronics, proton reaches negative electrode (i.e. oxygen side) by electrolyte, electronics flows through an external circuit and arrives negative electrode, generates water at negative electrode proton, electronics and oxygen reaction.
A typical battery stack generally includes: the water conservancy diversion import of (1) fuel and oxidant gas and flow-guiding channel, by fuel (as hydrogen, methyl alcohol or by methyl alcohol, natural gas, the gasoline hydrogen-rich gas that obtains after reforming) and oxidant (mainly oxygen or air) be distributed in the guiding gutter of each anode, cathode plane equably; (2) import and export of cooling fluid (as water) and flow-guiding channel, be evenly distributed to by cooling fluid in each battery pack inner cooling channel, heat absorption hydrogen, the exothermic reaction of oxygen electrochemistry in fuel cell are generated also dispelled the heat after taking battery pack out of; (3) outlet of fuel and oxidant gas and corresponding flow-guiding channel, fuel gas and oxidant gas when discharging, can carry out generate in fuel cell liquid, steam state water.Usually, the import and export of all fuel, oxidant, cooling fluid are all opened on an end plate of fuel cell unit or on two end plates.
Middle high-temperature fuel cell, operating temperature is 100-200 DEG C, and cold air or hydrogen enter pile, fluctuation can be produced to power generation performance, affect generating efficiency, and middle high-temperature fuel cell is need external power supply to produce heat to make stack temperature reach more than 100 DEG C in startup, can startup optimization.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention be exactly in order to overcome above-mentioned prior art exist defect and provide a kind of facilitate Start-up and operating performance stable in high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system in one, comprise fuel cell pack, and the hydrogen supply be connected on fuel cell pack and the circulatory system, air supply and the circulatory system and cooling fluid circulation system, wherein hydrogen supply and the circulatory system comprise hydrogen gas tank, pressure-reducing valve, pressure maintaining valve, jet pump, steam-water separator, described hydrogen gas tank passes through pressure-reducing valve successively, pressure maintaining valve, jet pump is connected to the hydrogen inlet of fuel cell pack, the hydrogen outlet of fuel cell pack connects steam-water separator, the gas vent of steam-water separator connects jet pump, described air supply and the circulatory system comprise filter, blower fan, and the entrance of blower fan connects filter, the air intlet of outlet connecting fuel battery heap, described cooling fluid circulation system comprises coolant recirculation pump, cooling fluid storage tank, cooling water radiator, described cooling fluid storage tank connects coolant recirculation pump successively, cooling water radiator, the cooling fluid entrance of fuel cell pack, the cooling liquid outlet of fuel cell pack connects cooling fluid storage tank, it is characterized in that, also comprise heat exchanger hydrogen and air being carried out to preheating, and the liquid circulation loop of controlled cooling model flow quantity, from pressure maintaining valve flow out hydrogen after heat exchanger heat exchange, fuel cell pack is entered by jet pump, the air flowed out from blower fan enters fuel cell pack after heat exchanger heat exchange, the hot-air that the air outlet slit of fuel cell pack is discharged returns heat exchanger, described liquid circulation loop comprises two solenoid electric valves and a circulation line, this circulation line connects coolant recirculation pump and cooling fluid storage tank, an electromagnetically operated valve a in two described solenoid electric valves is arranged on cooling fluid and enters on the main pipeline of fuel cell pack, another electromagnetically operated valve b is arranged on circulation pipe, makes that cooling liquid is all or part of does not even enter fuel cell pack by controlling one of them or two solenoid electric valves.
Be provided with heating tube, one or more hydrogen stream deferent, one or more air flow channel pipe in described heat exchanger, exchanger base is provided with air intake, and top is provided with air outlet and exhaust-valve; Described hydrogen stream deferent two ends connect pressure maintaining valve and jet pump respectively, described air flow channel pipe two ends are connecting fan and fuel cell pack respectively, described heating tube external power supply, carries out preheating to hydrogen and air, reclaims the heat of the air flowed out from fuel cell pack simultaneously.
Described heating tube comprises and is provided with 1 ~ 20, and the power of every root heating tube is 0.1 ~ 500w.
Described heating tube is quartz glass tube or aluminum fin-stock cage walls or copper clad pipe.
The air outlet slit place of described fuel cell pack is provided with temperature probe T 1, and cooling fluid exit is provided with temperature probe T 2.
Two described solenoid electric valve connection control devices, controller connects temperature probe T 1 and temperature probe T 2, when the temperature that temperature probe T 1 detects is less than 100 DEG C, a small amount of air and hydrogen or do not have air or hydrogen to enter fuel cell pack, shut electromagnetic valve a, open electromagnetically operated valve b, cooling fluid all returns cooling fluid storage tank; When the temperature of temperature probe T 1 is greater than 100 DEG C, when the temperature of temperature probe T 2 is close to 100 DEG C, electromagnetically operated valve a and electromagnetically operated valve b opens simultaneously and controlled cooling model liquid part returns cooling fluid storage tank by circulation line, part enters fuel cell pack, and the cooling fluid entering fuel cell pack controls in 1 ~ 20% of cooling fluid total flow; When the temperature of temperature probe T 2 is greater than 120 DEG C, hydrogen, air normally enter fuel cell pack, electromagnetically operated valve a standard-sized sheet, and electromagnetically operated valve b closes, and cooling fluid all enters fuel cell pack, and control by cooling water radiator the temperature entering fuel cell pack.
Two described solenoid electric valves can also be replaced by a triple valve.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: before fuel cell pack, arrange heat exchanger, on the one hand by heat exchanger by hydrogen and air preheat to suitable with fuel cell stack operation temperature, predetermined start-up temperature (> 100 DEG C) is reached with heating fuel battery pile, reclaim the temperature of the high-temperature gas of discharging from fuel cell pack air outlet slit on the other hand, realize the recycling of heat, cause fuel cell stack operation unstable in order to avoid cold air enters fuel cell pack.The present invention is simultaneously provided with the loop control loop of cooling fluid, make it at the fuel cell stack operation initial stage, a small amount of cooling fluid enters pile, by cooling fluid entrance standard-sized sheet when by the time fuel cell pack normally runs, all enter fuel cell pack, reduce energy waste.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system in a kind of 10kw, comprise fuel cell pack 5, its size is about 105mm × 400mm × 700mm, and the hydrogen supply be connected on fuel cell pack and the circulatory system, air supply and the circulatory system and cooling fluid circulation system, wherein hydrogen supply and the circulatory system comprise hydrogen gas tank 1, pressure-reducing valve 2, pressure maintaining valve 3, jet pump 4, steam-water separator 6, described hydrogen gas tank 1 is successively by pressure-reducing valve 2, pressure maintaining valve 3 (by pressure stability at 0.1 ~ 1bar), jet pump 4 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of fuel cell pack 5, the hydrogen outlet of fuel cell pack 5 connects steam-water separator 6, the gas vent of steam-water separator 6 connects jet pump 4, steam-water separator 6 also connects exhaust-valve 7, hydrogen container 1 goes back the hydrogen charging port 9 of connecting band unidirectional valve 8, described air supply and the circulatory system comprise filter 10, blower fan 11, and the entrance of blower fan 11 connects filter 10, the air intlet of outlet connecting fuel battery heap 5, described cooling fluid circulation system comprises coolant recirculation pump 13, cooling fluid storage tank 12, cooling water radiator 14, described cooling fluid storage tank 12 connects the cooling fluid entrance of coolant recirculation pump 13, cooling water radiator 14, fuel cell pack 5 successively, and the cooling liquid outlet of fuel cell pack 5 connects cooling fluid storage tank 12,
Described system also comprises the heat exchanger 15 hydrogen and air being carried out to preheating, and the liquid circulation loop of controlled cooling model flow quantity, hydrogen stream deferent 152, two air flow channel pipes 153 united two into one that heating tube 151, two unites two into one are provided with in described heat exchanger 15, exchanger base is provided with air intake, and top is provided with air outlet and exhaust-valve 154; Described hydrogen stream deferent two ends connect pressure maintaining valve 3 and jet pump 4 respectively, described air flow channel pipe two ends are connecting fan 11 and fuel cell pack 5 respectively, described heating tube 151 external power supply, from pressure maintaining valve 3 flow out hydrogen after heat exchanger heat exchange, fuel cell pack 5 is entered by jet pump 4, the air flowed out from blower fan 11 enters fuel cell pack 5 after heat exchanger 15 heat exchange, and the hot-air that the air outlet slit of fuel cell pack 5 is discharged returns heat exchanger; Described heating tube comprises and is provided with 3, and the power of every root heating tube is 200w, carries out preheating to hydrogen and air, reclaims the heat of the air flowed out from fuel cell pack simultaneously.Described heating tube is quartz glass tube or aluminum fin-stock cage walls or copper clad pipe.
Described liquid circulation loop comprises two electromagnetically operated valves: electromagnetically operated valve a18, electromagnetically operated valve b19, electromagnetically operated valve a18 connects coolant recirculation pump 13 and cooling water radiator 14 respectively, electromagnetically operated valve b19 is arranged on circulation pipe, circulation pipe two ends connect coolant recirculation pump 13 and cooling fluid storage tank 12 respectively, and are provided with electromagnetically operated valve 20 bottom cooling fluid storage tank 12.
The air outlet slit place of described fuel cell pack 5 is provided with temperature probe T
116, cooling fluid exit is provided with temperature probe T
217.
Electromagnetically operated valve a18, electromagnetically operated valve b19 connection control device, controller connects temperature probe T
116 and temperature probe T
217, work as temperature probe T
1when the temperature of 16 detections is less than 100 DEG C, a small amount of air and hydrogen enter fuel cell pack, and electromagnetically operated valve a18 closes, electromagnetically operated valve b19 full open, and cooling fluid all returns cooling fluid storage tank; Work as temperature probe T
1the temperature of 16 is greater than 100 DEG C, temperature probe T
2when the temperature of 17 is close to 100 DEG C, electromagnetically operated valve a18 part is opened, electromagnetically operated valve b19 opens, the part of controlled cooling model liquid returns cooling fluid storage tank by circulation pipe, and part enters fuel cell pack, and the cooling fluid entering fuel cell pack controls in 10% of cooling fluid total flow; Work as temperature probe T
2when the temperature of 17 is greater than 120 DEG C, electromagnetically operated valve a18 standard-sized sheet, electromagnetically operated valve b19 close, simultaneously hydrogen, air standard-sized sheet, and control by heat exchanger the temperature entering fuel cell pack, and now fuel battery power free and stable can export 0 ~ 10kw.
Embodiment 2
By high-temperature fuel cell stack in a 30kw, this battery pile has that 3 10kw modular concurrent are integrated to be formed, and integrated operation system is as embodiment 1, and described electromagnetically operated valve a18, electromagnetically operated valve b19 are replaced by a triple valve, and all the other are with embodiment 1.
Heating tube can arrange 1 ~ 20 as required, and the power of every root heating tube can select 0.1 ~ 500w.
Claims (7)
1. high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system in a kind, comprise fuel cell pack, and the hydrogen supply be connected on fuel cell pack and the circulatory system, air supply and the circulatory system and cooling fluid circulation system, wherein hydrogen supply and the circulatory system comprise hydrogen gas tank, pressure-reducing valve, pressure maintaining valve, jet pump, steam-water separator, described hydrogen gas tank is connected to the hydrogen inlet of fuel cell pack successively by pressure-reducing valve, pressure maintaining valve, jet pump, the hydrogen outlet of fuel cell pack connects steam-water separator, and the gas vent of steam-water separator connects jet pump, described air supply and the circulatory system comprise filter, blower fan, and the entrance of blower fan connects filter, the air intlet of outlet connecting fuel battery heap, described cooling fluid circulation system comprises coolant recirculation pump, cooling fluid storage tank, cooling water radiator, described cooling fluid storage tank connects coolant recirculation pump successively, cooling water radiator, the cooling fluid entrance of fuel cell pack, the cooling liquid outlet of fuel cell pack connects cooling fluid storage tank, it is characterized in that, also comprise heat exchanger hydrogen and air being carried out to preheating, and the liquid circulation loop of controlled cooling model flow quantity, from pressure maintaining valve flow out hydrogen after heat exchanger heat exchange, fuel cell pack is entered by jet pump, the air flowed out from blower fan enters fuel cell pack after heat exchanger heat exchange, the hot-air that the air outlet slit of fuel cell pack is discharged returns heat exchanger, described liquid circulation loop comprises two solenoid electric valves and a circulation line, this circulation line connects coolant recirculation pump and cooling fluid storage tank, an electromagnetically operated valve a in two described solenoid electric valves is arranged on cooling fluid and enters on the main pipeline of fuel cell pack, another electromagnetically operated valve b is arranged on circulation pipe, makes that cooling liquid is all or part of does not even enter fuel cell pack by controlling one of them or two solenoid electric valves.
2. high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system in one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, heating tube, one or more hydrogen stream deferent, one or more air flow channel pipe is provided with in described heat exchanger, exchanger base is provided with air intake, and top is provided with air outlet and exhaust-valve; Described hydrogen stream deferent two ends connect pressure maintaining valve and jet pump respectively, described air flow channel pipe two ends are connecting fan and fuel cell pack respectively, described heating tube external power supply, carries out preheating to hydrogen and air, reclaims the heat of the air flowed out from fuel cell pack simultaneously.
3. high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system in one according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described heating tube comprises and is provided with 1 ~ 20, and the power of every root heating tube is 0.1 ~ 500w.
4. high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system in one according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described heating tube is quartz glass tube or aluminum fin-stock cage walls or copper clad pipe.
5. high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system in one according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the air outlet slit place of described fuel cell pack is provided with temperature probe T 1, and cooling fluid exit is provided with temperature probe T 2.
6. high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system in one according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, two described solenoid electric valve connection control devices, controller connects temperature probe T 1 and temperature probe T 2, when the temperature that temperature probe T 1 detects is less than 100 DEG C, a small amount of air and hydrogen or do not have air or hydrogen to enter fuel cell pack, shut electromagnetic valve a, open electromagnetically operated valve b, cooling fluid all returns cooling fluid storage tank; When the temperature of temperature probe T 1 is greater than 100 DEG C, when the temperature of temperature probe T 2 is close to 100 DEG C, electromagnetically operated valve a and electromagnetically operated valve b opens simultaneously and controlled cooling model liquid part returns cooling fluid storage tank by circulation line, part enters fuel cell pack, and the cooling fluid entering fuel cell pack controls in 1 ~ 20% of cooling fluid total flow; When large sub 120 DEG C of the temperature of temperature probe T 2, hydrogen, air normally enter fuel cell pack, electromagnetically operated valve a standard-sized sheet, and electromagnetically operated valve b closes, and cooling fluid all enters fuel cell pack, and control by cooling water radiator the temperature entering fuel cell pack.
7. in the one according to claim 1 or 6, high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system, is characterized in that, two described solenoid electric valves can also be replaced by a triple valve.
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