The method of extracting cigarette seed oil is discarded in cigarette seed using homogenate extraction technology from Turkish tobaccos
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of field of deep processing of farm products, and in particular to one kind is given up using homogenate extraction technology from Turkish tobaccos
The method for extracting cigarette seed oil is abandoned in cigarette seed.
Background technology
Tobacco is Solanaceae Nicotiana plant, is a kind of very high natural plants of value.As traditional Chinese medicine, tobacco begins
It is loaded in《Jing Yue's complete work》, also by《National Chinese herbal medicine compilation》Included etc. modern Chinese herbal medicine monograph, there is detumescence, removing toxic substances, desinsection etc.
Effect.In past more than 400 years, tobacco is widely cultivated as a kind of important industrial crops.The tobacco planting face in China
Product and yield occupy first place in the world, and tobacco planting plays an important role with Product processing in the national economic development.At me
In state's agricultural product income, tobacco is only second to paddy and wheat, cotton, soybean, corn, occupies the 6th.As tobacco leaf production big country, except for rolling up
Outside the tobacco leaf of cigarette production, have every year substantial amounts of low and wait outer level tobacco leaf, cigarette stalk, offal, tobacco stem, tobacco bud and cigarette seed etc. to provide
Source fails to be utilized effectively, or abandons in field, or is dried burning, also result in while causing environment pollution
The significant wastage of natural resources.China is faced with the environment situation of sternness at present, and environmental pollution has turned into what the whole people paid high attention to
Problem, the efficient utilization of resource and recycle will be each industry development from now on direction, also will be tobacco business development
Direction.China's tobacco waste resource enormous amount, therefore, tobacco waste resource, which utilize, has highly important meaning
Justice.
Cigarette seed is the seed of tobacco.Turkish tobaccos are the important source materials for producing blended type cigarette and English Virginian-type cigarette.Cigarette
Grass can all produce substantial amounts of cigarette seed every year, and such as only one county of Baoshan, Yunnan will produce 150~300 tons of cigarette seeds every year.Cigarette seed in
Autumn is ripe, is collected after ripe, through drying, threshing, Yang Jing, then is dried to that water content about less than 9% produces, its particle
It is smaller, about 0.5 millimeter of diameter.Cigarette seed is rich in fat oil, is a kind of fat oil raw material well.The cigarette extracted from cigarette seed
Seed oil has multiple use on oil chemical industry, is used to prepare soaps product such as in soapmaking industry, makees in painting industry
Alkyd resin coating is prepared for raw material;In addition, because cigarette seed oil is rich in linoleic acid, also there is preferable application on medicine and food industry
Prospect, just there is the report of edible refining cigarette seed oil in some countries.But domestic in addition to small part cigarette seed is used for breeding at present, big portion
Divide cigarette seed not utilized rationally, cause great waste.The resources such as waste tobacco leaf, offal, offal are carried out in recent years
The report of research on utilization is more, but the report to discarding cigarette seed progress research on utilization is seldom.
Currently used vegetable seeds grease extracting method has mechanical milling process, water substitution and extraction method.Machinery pressure
The shortcomings that oil yield is low, labor intensity is big, production effect is low be present in squeezing method, and due to there is green compact to steam the work fried during oil expression
Sequence, protein denaturation is serious in dregs of beans, and oil resource is made a low multiple use.Water substitution exist oil yield it is low, separation it is more difficult, leaching
During carrying the deficiencies of easy contaminating microorganisms.Extraction method has oil yield efficiency high (94~99%), and dry meal residual oil rate is low
The advantages that (1% or so), it is current industrial the most frequently used grease extraction;In developed country, with extraction method technique
The grease of production, account for more than the 90% of grease production total amount.
The content of the invention
[technical problems to be solved]
Present invention aim to address above-mentioned technical problem, there is provided one kind is discarded using homogenate extraction technology from Turkish tobaccos
The method that smoke seed oil is extracted in cigarette seed.
[technical scheme]
In order to reach above-mentioned technique effect, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
The present invention is discarded in cigarette seed from Turkish tobaccos using homogenate extraction technology and extracts smoke seed oil, is a kind of new grease
Extracting method.
The method of extracting cigarette seed oil is discarded in cigarette seed using homogenate extraction technology from Turkish tobaccos, and it comprises the following steps:
A, extraction
Discarded cigarette seed is taken, cleans up and after low temperature drying, is put into container, appropriate Extraction solvent is added and soaks one section
After time, it is placed on flash extracter, setting extraction voltage, rotating speed, extraction time and each extraction time, after extraction,
Filtrate is filtrated to get, filter residue recycles;
B, extract solution are washed and dried
The obtained filtrates of step A are washed with deionized to cleaning solution in neutrality, obtain washed extract solution, Xiang Qi
Middle addition drier, after being sufficiently stirred, certain time is stood, filters off except drier, obtains dried extract solution;
C, extract solution are concentrated and dried
The dry extraction liquid that step B is obtained is placed on Rotary Evaporators solvent is recovered under reduced pressure, be subsequently placed in vacuum drying
Low temperature drying in case, obtain described cigarette seed oil.
The further technical scheme of the present invention, in step, the Extraction solvent is n-hexane or petroleum ether, described
The mass ratio of Extraction solvent and discarded cigarette seed is 5~20:1, the petroleum ether boiling range that the present invention selects is 60~90 DEG C.
The further technical scheme of the present invention, in step, the time of the Extraction solvent immersion is 1~10h.
The further technical scheme of the present invention, in step, the extraction voltage that the flash extracter is set is 100
~150V, rotating speed are 5000~10000rpm/min, and extraction time is 5~10 times, and each extraction time is 30~90s.
The further technical scheme of the present invention, in stepb, the volume ratio of the deionized water and filtrate is 1:1~
3。
The further technical scheme of the present invention, in stepb, the drier is selected from anhydrous sodium sulfate, anhydrous slufuric acid
Magnesium, dead plaster or molecular sieve.
The further technical scheme of the present invention, in stepb, the dosage of the drier are to add per in 10mL extract solutions
Enter 0.5~3g of drier;Also, add static 10~30h after drier.
The further technical scheme of the present invention, it is described that the bar referred in subatmospheric power is recovered under reduced pressure in step C
The recycling design operation carried out under part;The low temperature drying is the heat drying carried out under conditions of temperature is not higher than 50 DEG C.
The present invention is will be described in detail below.
A kind of to discard in cigarette seed the method for extracting cigarette seed oil from Turkish tobaccos using homogenate extraction technology, it includes following step
Suddenly:
A, extraction
Discarded cigarette seed is taken, cleans up and after low temperature drying, is put into container, appropriate Extraction solvent is added and soaks one section
After time, it is placed on flash extracter, setting extraction voltage, rotating speed, extraction time and each extraction time, after extraction,
Filtrate is filtrated to get, filter residue recycles;
After taking discarded cigarette seed, the debris such as silt need to be removed, then carry out cleaning-drying work again.Filter residue of the present invention can be used for
Extract protein.
The homogenate extraction technology that the present invention uses, it is a kind of extractive technique of newest research and development in recent years.This technical basis group
Knit the principle of broken extraction, using appropriate solvent in flash extracter by material quick crashing to appropriate granularity, while with
The functions such as high-speed stirred, superpower vibration, negative pressure diafiltration reach extraction purpose, and retaining effective ingredients in plant to greatest extent will not be by
Heat damage, has that extraction rate is fast, extraction conditions are gentle, extraction efficiency is high, simple to operate and be easily achieved industrialized production etc.
Advantage.
B, extract solution are washed and dried
The obtained filtrates of step A are washed with deionized to cleaning solution in neutrality, obtain washed extract solution, Xiang Qi
Middle addition drier, after being sufficiently stirred, certain time is stood, filters off except drier, obtains dried extract solution;
The characteristics of present invention is dissolved in water using nicotine, is washed to extract solution in extraction process, has washed away extraction
The impurity such as a small amount of nicotine that may contain in liquid, it is washed with deionized to cleaning solution in neutrality, it is meant that washed away cigarette
The impurity such as alkali.
C, extract solution are concentrated and dried
The dry extraction liquid that step B is obtained is placed on Rotary Evaporators to be recovered under reduced pressure to solvent and is evaporated completely, is then put
The low temperature drying in vacuum drying chamber, obtain described cigarette seed oil.
The further technical scheme of the present invention, in step, the Extraction solvent is n-hexane or petroleum ether, described
The mass ratio of Extraction solvent and discarded cigarette seed is 5~20:1.The petroleum ether boiling range that the present invention selects is 60~90 DEG C.
The Extraction solvent used in the present invention is mainly the solvent that can dissolve cigarette seed oil.Select above-mentioned mass ratio to add to carry
The reason for taking solvent is under the mass ratio, and while as much as possible can extracting cigarette seed oil, and can ensures to extract
More interference impurity.
The further technical scheme of the present invention, in step, the time of the Extraction solvent immersion is 1~10h.
The oily most and relative purity of the cigarette seed that under conditions of soak time is 1~10h, soak extraction obtains of the invention
Highest.
The further technical scheme of the present invention, in step, the extraction voltage that the flash extracter is set is 100
~150V, rotating speed are 5000~10000rpm/min, and extraction time is 5~10 times, and each extraction time is 30~90s.
The parameter setting of above-mentioned flash extracter is set according to the property of present invention extraction cigarette seed oil, under the conditions of being somebody's turn to do
Obtained cigarette seed oil is most, and purity is relatively preferable.
The further technical scheme of the present invention, in stepb, the volume ratio of the deionized water and filtrate is 1:1~
3.The specific dosage of deionized water washing situation of impurity in filtrate is defined.
The further technical scheme of the present invention, in stepb, the drier is selected from anhydrous sodium sulfate, anhydrous slufuric acid
Magnesium, dead plaster or molecular sieve.Drier is mainly the moisture gone in smoke abatement seed oil, therefore it may only be necessary to the not oil suction that can absorb water
The drier of ester.
The further technical scheme of the present invention, in stepb, the dosage of the drier are to add per in 10mL extract solutions
Enter 0.5~3g of drier;Also, add static 10~30h after drier.
The reason for static after addition drier is in order that drier and moisture are sufficiently carried out adsorption reaction, to ensure cigarette
Moisture in seed oil is absorbed completely.
The further technical scheme of the present invention, it is described that the bar referred in subatmospheric power is recovered under reduced pressure in step C
The recycling design operation carried out under part;The low temperature drying is the heat drying carried out under conditions of temperature is not higher than 50 DEG C.
The purpose of decompression is to reduce the boiling point of solvent, solvent is evaporated at lower temperatures, it is easier to ensure thing
The stabilization of material.
[beneficial effect]
The present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
(1) present invention is innovatively by the homogenate extraction technology of newest research and development in recent years and industrial the most frequently used grease at present
Lixiviation process combines the extraction for cigarette seed oil, with extraction rate is fast, extraction conditions are gentle, extraction efficiency is high, operation is simple
List and the advantages that being easily achieved industrialized production, be a kind of new seed grease extraction;With traditional grease extraction side
Method is compared, and this law can reduce energy consumption, so as to reduce production cost.
(2) the characteristics of being dissolved in water using nicotine, the present invention are washed to extract solution in extraction process, have washed away and carried
The impurity such as a small amount of nicotine that may contain in liquid are taken, the cigarette seed oil for extracting to obtain can be used not only for soapmaking and painting industry,
It can be used for medicine and food service industry.Therefore, the present invention discards the utilization of cigarette seed for Turkish tobaccos and the exploitation of corresponding product provides
Referential method.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the flow chart for extracting cigarette seed oil is discarded in cigarette seed from Turkish tobaccos.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiments of the invention, the invention will be further elaborated.
Example 1 below~6 are extracted with Fig. 1 flow.
Embodiment 1
The cigarette seed 100g for screening and being cleaned and dried is weighed, is put in container, adds n-hexane 500g, soaks 2 hours, is placed in
On flash extracter, extraction voltage is set as 100 volts, extraction rotating speed is 5000rpm/min, is extracted 5 times, every time extraction 30 seconds;
Extract solution is filtered to obtain after extraction.
1 ﹕ 1 adds deionized water into extract solution by volume, is sufficiently stirred rear stratification, separates n-hexane layer, together
Method is handled to cleaning solution in neutrality.Appropriate anhydrous sodium sulfate is added into washed extract solution, it is small that 10 are stood after being sufficiently stirred
When, filtering, dried extract solution is obtained, puts and n-hexane is recovered under reduced pressure on Rotary Evaporators, is then put low in vacuum drying chamber
Temperature is dried, and obtains cigarette seed oil 31.2g.
According to GB/T 17376-2008《It is prepared by animal and plant fat fatty acid methyl ester》Middle boron trifluoride method is to being prepared
Cigarette seed oil carry out aliphatic acid esterification prepare;According to GB/T 17377-2008《The gas of animal and plant fat fatty acid methyl ester
Analysis of hplc》Quantitative analysis is carried out to the fatty acid methyl ester admixture of preparation, wherein linoleic acid content is 56.62%, oleic acid
Content is 19.35%, linolenic acid content 1.74%, palmitic acid content 9.72%, stearic acid content 5.36%.
Embodiment 2
The cigarette seed 100g for screening and being cleaned and dried is weighed, is put in container, adds n-hexane 800g, soaks 4 hours, is placed in
On flash extracter, extraction voltage is set as 120 volts, extraction rotating speed is 6000rpm/min, is extracted 5 times, every time extraction 60 seconds;
Extract solution is filtered to obtain after extraction.
1 ﹕ 2 adds deionized water into extract solution by volume, is sufficiently stirred rear stratification, separates n-hexane layer, together
Method is handled to cleaning solution in neutrality.Appropriate anhydrous sodium sulfate is added into washed extract solution, it is small that 15 are stood after being sufficiently stirred
When, filtering, dried extract solution is obtained, puts and n-hexane is recovered under reduced pressure on Rotary Evaporators, is then put low in vacuum drying chamber
Temperature is dried, and obtains cigarette seed oil 32.8g.
According to GB/T 17376-2008《It is prepared by animal and plant fat fatty acid methyl ester》Middle boron trifluoride method is to being prepared
Cigarette seed oil carry out aliphatic acid esterification prepare;According to GB/T 17377-2008《The gas of animal and plant fat fatty acid methyl ester
Analysis of hplc》Quantitative analysis is carried out to the fatty acid methyl ester admixture of preparation, wherein linoleic acid content is 58.33%, oleic acid
Content is 18.19%, linolenic acid content 1.26%, palmitic acid content 8.63%, stearic acid content 4.97%.
Embodiment 3
The cigarette seed 100g for screening and being cleaned and dried is weighed, is put in container, adds n-hexane 1000g, soaks 6 hours, puts
In on flash extracter, setting extraction voltage as 130 volts, extraction rotating speed is 7000rpm/min, extracts 6 times, extracts 60 every time
Second;Extract solution is filtered to obtain after extraction.
1 ﹕ 1 adds deionized water into extract solution by volume, is sufficiently stirred rear stratification, separates n-hexane layer, together
Method is handled to cleaning solution in neutrality.Appropriate dead plaster is added into washed extract solution, it is small that 15 are stood after being sufficiently stirred
When, filtering, dried extract solution is obtained, puts and n-hexane is recovered under reduced pressure on Rotary Evaporators, is then put low in vacuum drying chamber
Temperature is dried, and obtains cigarette seed oil 34.7g.
According to GB/T 17376-2008《It is prepared by animal and plant fat fatty acid methyl ester》Middle boron trifluoride method is to being prepared
Cigarette seed oil carry out aliphatic acid esterification prepare;According to GB/T 17377-2008《The gas of animal and plant fat fatty acid methyl ester
Analysis of hplc》Quantitative analysis is carried out to the fatty acid methyl ester admixture of preparation, wherein linoleic acid content is 56.93%, oleic acid
Content is 17.67%, linolenic acid content 1.56%, palmitic acid content 9.25%, stearic acid content 5.36%.
Embodiment 4
The cigarette seed 100g for screening and being cleaned and dried is weighed, is put in container, adds n-hexane 1000g, soaks 8 hours, puts
In on flash extracter, setting extraction voltage as 140 volts, extraction rotating speed is 8000rpm/min, is extracted 7 times, each extraction time
60 seconds;Extract solution is filtered to obtain after extraction.
1 ﹕ 2 adds deionized water into extract solution by volume, is sufficiently stirred rear stratification, separates n-hexane layer, together
Method is handled to cleaning solution in neutrality.Appropriate anhydrous sodium sulfate is added into washed extract solution, it is small that 15 are stood after being sufficiently stirred
When, filtering, dried extract solution is obtained, puts and n-hexane is recovered under reduced pressure on Rotary Evaporators, is then put low in vacuum drying chamber
Temperature is dried, and obtains cigarette seed oil 36.7g.
According to GB/T 17376-2008《It is prepared by animal and plant fat fatty acid methyl ester》Middle boron trifluoride method is to being prepared
Cigarette seed oil carry out aliphatic acid esterification prepare;According to GB/T 17377-2008《The gas of animal and plant fat fatty acid methyl ester
Analysis of hplc》Quantitative analysis is carried out to the fatty acid methyl ester admixture of preparation, wherein linoleic acid content is 55.28%, oleic acid
Content is 18.73%, linolenic acid content 1.94%, palmitic acid content 8.71%, stearic acid content 5.62%.
Embodiment 5
The cigarette seed 100g for screening and being cleaned and dried is weighed, is put in container, adds petroleum ether (60~90 DEG C) 800g, immersion
1 hour, it is placed on flash extracter, sets extraction voltage as 120 volts, extraction rotating speed is 7000rpm/min, extraction 6 times, every time
Extraction 45 seconds;Extract solution is filtered to obtain after extraction.
1 ﹕ 1 adds deionized water into extract solution by volume, is sufficiently stirred rear stratification, separates petroleum ether layer, together
Method is handled to cleaning solution in neutrality.Appropriate anhydrous magnesium sulfate is added into washed extract solution, it is small that 15 are stood after being sufficiently stirred
When, filtering, dried extract solution is obtained, puts and petroleum ether is recovered under reduced pressure on Rotary Evaporators, is then put low in vacuum drying chamber
Temperature is dried, and obtains cigarette seed oil 27.9g.
According to GB/T 17376-2008《It is prepared by animal and plant fat fatty acid methyl ester》Middle boron trifluoride method is to being prepared
Cigarette seed oil carry out aliphatic acid esterification prepare;According to GB/T 17377-2008《The gas of animal and plant fat fatty acid methyl ester
Analysis of hplc》Quantitative analysis is carried out to the fatty acid methyl ester admixture of preparation, wherein linoleic acid content is 57.15%, oleic acid
Content is 17.26%, linolenic acid content 2.09%, palmitic acid content 7.84%, stearic acid content 5.17%.
Embodiment 6
The cigarette seed 100g for screening and being cleaned and dried is weighed, is put in container, adds petroleum ether (60~90 DEG C) 1200g, leaching
Bubble 5 hours, is placed on flash extracter, sets extraction voltage as 150 volts, extraction rotating speed is 9000rpm/min, extraction 7 times, often
Secondary 60 seconds extraction times;Extract solution is filtered to obtain after extraction.
1 ﹕ 2 adds deionized water into extract solution by volume, is sufficiently stirred rear stratification, separates petroleum ether layer, together
Method is handled to cleaning solution in neutrality.Appropriate anhydrous sodium sulfate is added into washed extract solution, it is small that 20 are stood after being sufficiently stirred
When, filtering, dried extract solution is obtained, puts and petroleum ether is recovered under reduced pressure on Rotary Evaporators, is then put low in vacuum drying chamber
Temperature is dried, and obtains cigarette seed oil 28.7g.
According to GB/T 17376-2008《It is prepared by animal and plant fat fatty acid methyl ester》Middle boron trifluoride method is to being prepared
Cigarette seed oil carry out aliphatic acid esterification prepare;According to GB/T 17377-2008《The gas of animal and plant fat fatty acid methyl ester
Analysis of hplc》Quantitative analysis is carried out to the fatty acid methyl ester admixture of preparation, wherein linoleic acid content is 56.82%, oleic acid
Content is 17.63%, linolenic acid content 2.35%, palmitic acid content 7.97%, stearic acid content 5.38%.
Although reference be made herein to invention has been described for explanatory embodiment of the invention, and above-described embodiment is only this hair
Bright preferable embodiment, embodiments of the present invention are simultaneously not restricted to the described embodiments, it should be appreciated that people in the art
Member can be designed that a lot of other modifications and embodiment, and these modifications and embodiment will fall in principle disclosed in the present application
Within scope and spirit.