CN104620927A - Quick high-yield stable-yield cultivation method for stone fruit trees - Google Patents
Quick high-yield stable-yield cultivation method for stone fruit trees Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a quick high-yield stable-yield cultivation method for stone fruit trees. The method includes: intensively putting common annual fruit tree seedlings in a seedling culture zone for root-restriction secondary seedling culture, applying microbial nutritional fertilizer, promoting growth prior to controlling, and culturing robust large seedlings with flowers and developed fibrous roots; then planting in field. The seedlings can enter a high-yield period in the second year after planting, and the seedlings are developed in root system and more in fibrous roots; since underground growth and aboveground growth of tree bodies are corresponding, the more the fibrous roots are, the more the middle branches are, the more the bearing branches are, the more fruits are borne, and the higher the percent rate of high quality fruit is; centralized seedling culture is performed in the first year, the planted fruit trees enter the fruiting period quickly, and land resources can be saved; the seedlings are shaped intensively before planting, so that the seedlings not good in tree shape can be eliminated, and orchard uniformity and yield are further improved; the seedlings are subjected to root-restriction planting during secondary seedling culture, so that the seedlings are promoted to grow fully and are high in stress resistance, disease resistance and drought resistance, and long-term high yield, high quality and stable yield of orchards are benefitted greatly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drupe fruit growing method, be particularly suitable for the cultivation method that drupe fruit tree comprises the drupe fruit tree rapid high yield stable yields such as peach, apricot, Lee, cherry, prune, belong to fruit tree cultivation technical field.
Background technology
Drupe refers to a type of fruit, belongs to single fruit, by the succulent fruit of a Carpel Development; General endocarp lignification forms core.Drupe fruit tree comprises peach, apricot, Lee, cherry, prune etc., is one of China main cultivation fruit tree.Peach, apricot, Lee etc. in the existing 3,000 years history of China's cultivation, but generally enter high yield period peach and need 4 years, apricot, Lee 5 years, large cherry more than 6 years, cause result not have benefit early stage like this, and cause land wastage.It is colored that original early high-yield adopts " carve, shell, draw " and hormone to force treelet to do sth. in advance into, but tree body can be caused weak, and it is poor to form the bud quality, and fruit quality is poor, and tree body life time shortens, and at substantial manpower and materials.The external seedlings field planting adopting shaping in garden in a large number, ahead of time result, but current domestic nursery stock markets still lacks and has the supply of branch seedlings, is or two year raw sapling annual without the only bar of branch.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is for above deficiency, a kind of cultivation method for drupe fruit tree rapid high yield stable yields is provided, fruit tree planting survival rate can be improved, make tree body healthy and strong, strong stress resistance, premunition, drought resistance are strong, can promote early stage rapid high yield, fruit high-quality, and the object reaching year after year high and stable yield.
For overcoming the above problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of cultivation method of drupe fruit tree rapid high yield stable yields, is characterized in that, described cultivation method comprises preparation nursery stock step:
Purchase the drupe such as peach, apricot fruit tree sapling from domestic nursery or seedling enterprise, be generally annual or life in 2 years without branch nursery stock, more than height of seedling 80cm, before plantation first to sapling prune, arrange.Cut off main root and only retain 20-30cm, remove and hinder root, too thick side root; Heading height is generally 40-80cm by tree-like requirement.And carry out secondary nursery planning to build near orchard to concentrate on the spot.
A kind of prioritization scheme, described secondary nursery comprises nursery band making step:
Dig the wide 20-80cm in bottom, dark 10-50cm ditch, bottom of trench overlays non-woven fabrics, allotment Nutrition Soil in ditch; Water depositing in water real, and then with Nutrition Soil ridging and sapling of planting.Ridge height 0-30cm, in trapezoidal, wide 20-80cm bottom it, the wide 10-60cm in top, row spacing refers to from ridge top width calculation.
Nutrition Soil comprises: organic every mu, fertilizer 1500-2500kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and organic fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed per ton adds bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum 1-3kg and K-84 actinomycetes 1-3kg, mixes thoroughly to be mixed in nursery ditch and carries out the nursery of limit root.
Allotment Nutrition Soil, fill a prescription as follows: organic every mu, fertilizer 1500-2500 kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, organic fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed per ton adds bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum 1-3kg and K-84 actinomycetes 1-3 kg fully mixes thoroughly, is made into Nutrition Soil, is mixed in ditch and carries out the nursery of limit root.Organic fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed comprises excrements of animals such as crops straw, Chinese medicine slag, cattle and sheep chicken etc.
Further, transplanted seedling tree: planting density is according to every mu of 1500-3000 strain of planting, and seedling growth is on ridge, every 1 row as furrow, line-spacing 0.6-1.2m, spacing in the rows 0.25-0.6m, or every 2 row are as furrow, on ridge, two every trades are apart from 0.4-0.6m, and between two ridges, nearest line-spacing 0.6-1.6m is capable.
Seedling treatment before plantation: nursery stock with K-84 actinomycete agent 30-50 extraordinarily 20% methyl α-naphthyl acetate soluble powder 10-50ppm to dip in root process 6 little of 24 hours, plant immediately after process.The generation of the root diseases such as root knot can be prevented, can root growth be promoted again.
Further, described secondary nursery comprises plants rear maintenance management step: installation micro-nozzle road, and spray field only limits nursery ditch, and keep moistening in ditch, keep arid between nursery ditch, do not water between ditch and do not apply fertilizer, sapling root system is made to be limited in growth in ditch, thus a large amount of growth-promoting fibrous root.
Nursery stock maintenance management: control means after short before seedling growth adopts.When nursery stock young sprout grows into 30-50cm, stay tree-like according to plan, 3-6 high-quality young sprout is selected to retain 20-30cm pinching, growth-promoting Secondary branches, use 3-5 microbial nutrition seedling stage fertile, generally once use 5-15 kilogram, open ditch ditch spread or spread fertilizer over the fields, pour water immediately after fertilising, watering, fertilizing is all in nursery ditch;
Gradually reduce ground watering, fertilizing after August, except non-specifically arid, spray little water Fertilizers August once, after September, stop ground watering, fertilizing.Especially except arid.Nursery stock is grown substantial, healthy and strong, not excessive growth also forms bud.Before October early and middle ten days lifting, spray 2-3% urea and add 1-3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate high concentration liquid fertilizer, promote that seedling-nourishing absorbs and enrich.
Preparing microorganism nutrition fertilizer.Raw material constituent following (by weight):
Fermentation soya-bean cake 30-50 part, urea (or ammonium nitrate) 10-20 part, diammonium phosphate 10-15 part, potassium sulfate 5-10 part, micro-fertile 1-10 part, bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum 0.3-1.0 part, K-84 actinomycete agent 0.2-0.8 part, 20% methyl α-naphthyl acetate soluble powder 0.01-0.03 part, machinery fully uniform mixing.Micro-fertilizer (refers to the mixture of the sulphate of iron, zinc, complex compound, chelate etc. and boron fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer etc.Complex compound, chelate as edetate, amino-acid salt etc.Boron fertilizer refers generally to boric acid, borax etc., and molydbenum fertilizer refers generally to ammonium molybdate, sodium molybdate etc.General iron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer respectively account for the 10-40% of micro-fertile total amount, and boron fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer respectively account for the 10-20%. of micro-fertile total amount
Further, described cultivation method also comprises lifting, field planting step:
Late October to early December waters permeable, lifting (also can March next year), and selection of land footpath reaches more than 2cm, has 3-6 branch, and branch stalwartness is enriched, and bud matter is full, and the sapling that fibrous root is many and closely knit is dipped in mud and planning to build orchard field planting immediately, and the same day has planted; Water permeable after cultivation, prune immediately, according to tree-like requirement, trunk only retains to give and stays major branch, and all the other branches are wiped out, or cultivate as interim branch, other young sprouts that timely removing trunk is sprouted, 3-5 branch of generally selecting and remain, every branch retains 20-50cm and prunes, branch Secondary Branch is less than 10cm cutting back or wipes out, all the other branches and rudiment are erased, and branch is sprouted after young sprout grows to 30-50cm and stayed 20-40cm pinching, and pinching repeatedly, other planting technology management routinely, after planting, Second Year can be got bumper crops.
Through secondary nursery, the general leading thread of nursery stock reaches more than 2cm, has 3-6 branch, and branch stalwartness is enriched, and bud matter is full, and root system is without main root, and fibrous root is many and closely knit, and peach apricot etc. has become colored all.
Bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum refers to that effective bacterium number is greater than the commodity microbial inoculum of 20,000,000,000/g, can improve that fruit tree is disease-resistant, drought resistance, and improvement soil structure, promotes organic matter decomposition, promotes shoot maturation.
Use the sterilization of K-84 actinomycetes to prevent crown gall, thus reach the object of fungus treatment.Crown gall is a kind of intractable soil-borne disease, obtains and is difficult to medicament radical cure after being ill, often causes tree body weak even dead, loses huge.
Purchase the drupe fruit tree saplings such as peach apricot from domestic nursery or seedling enterprise, be generally annual or life in 2 years without branch seedling, sapling is first disconnected to remove main root and inspires side root.Because tree body top and the bottom are corresponding, golden mean of the Confucian school branch in top is many at most, to form bud fruit branch many for fibrous root, and water sprout, prosperous long shoot are few; Many, the invalid branches of fruit bearing shoot are few.
Root-limiting cultivating object is also inspire capillary side root to continue, and promotion on the ground branch robust growth is enriched, and fully, skeleton is solid, and suppresses the prosperous length of branch, promotes into colored for trunk and collateral development, establishes good skeleton basic for lasting high yield in future is stable.
Face, ridge loosing soil after ridging, oxygen is sufficient, is conducive to root growth, and day and night temperature is large, and the consumption of root system night respiration is few, and capillary root development is good.
Nutrition Soil can ensure the basal nutrient that root system is good and chesson, is conducive to Root Absorption nutrient and development growth.
Microbial nutrition fertilizer can meet the various element of fruit tree needs and the organic substance of growth promoting effects.Microbial nutrition fertilizer can provide full nutrition needed for sapling, promotes that root system development is good, strengthens fruit tree resistance, and branch and tissue enrich on the ground, and especially set body skeleton branch and physically well develop, bearing capacity is strong, for yielding positive results of future lays good basis.And only applicable chemical fertilizer easily causes tree body and root system excessive growth, organize and do not enrich, be not easy to form bud, be unfavorable for result.
Spread non-woven fabrics bottom nursery ditch and can stop root system undue growth further, guide fibrous root and capillary root to be formed and diffusion.
Rainy season is completely cured, and 7-8 is completely cured rainy season in month, and under nursery furrow rim, cutout is disconnected exposes root system, can inspire capillary side root further, suppress thick root to be formed.
The way of control after short before nursery stock management adopts, early stage strengthens rich water, growth promoting effects, controls growth before going out garden, and aerial tissues is enriched, and spray 2-3% urea adds 1-3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate further.
Overground part shaping according to tree-like needs, can be made into Y type or happy shape etc. tree-like, forms Secondary branches by pinching.Y type or happy shape are conventional tree-like known by fruit grower.
After limit root, root/shoot ratio increases, and the tree such as peach apricot all becomes flower (contrast into and spend seldom), and root, under restricted clearance growth conditions, can suppress some growth sex hormones material synthesis transport, promote into the synthesis of colored parahormone, thus affect overground part growth, promote into colored.
The present invention adopts above technical scheme, has the following advantages:
1, after the seedling planting of secondary limit root nursery, Second Year can be got bumper crops, 3 years high and stable yields continuously afterwards.The basic element of cell division is conducive to fruit blossom Buds formation, and because the basic element of cell division is mainly in the tender tip of a root synthesis of children, well developed root system after limit root, capillary root is many, more many cells mitogen can be formed, after it is transferred to acrial part, is conducive to acrial part and nourishes and grows to reproductive growth conversion, thus be beneficial to flower_bud formation.And because seedling root is flourishing, taproot is few, thick root is few, and fibrous root is plentiful, function is sound.And set body ground up and down growth be corresponding, golden mean of the Confucian school branch of releiving is many at most for fibrous root, and fruit bearing shoot is also many, then result is many and high quality fruit rate is high.
2, because fruit nursery stock basis is good, skeleton is firm, and taproot is few, then thick branch, skeleton branch are few, and well developed root system, then invalid branch is few, and tree body respiration consumption is few, thus accumulation nutrient is many, is beneficial to high and stable yield.
3, save soil, First Year concentrates secondary nursery, and after planting, fruit tree enters fruiting period very soon, can save land resources.
4, nursery stock concentrates shaping before planting, and can eliminate tree-like bad nursery stock, if the direct field planting of one year seedling, early stage, shaping bad tree was difficult to change, and tree-likely irregularly can affect orchard regularity and output.
5, plant through limit root after secondary nursery, nursery stock grows fully, strong stress resistance, and special premunition, drought resistance are strong, has enormous benefits to orchard high quality and stable yield of getting bumper crops for a long time.After nursery ditch root-limiting cultivating, because root system primary limitation is in less space, nutritious in nursery carrying space, root system development is good, beyond nursery band, rich water is not enough, and the gas permeability of soil is poor, growth retardation, outside space, root system is few, and through being completely cured, after going out garden, seedling root is flourishing, intact, be completely cured few, better resistance.
6, select through double optimization, seedling-nourishing condition is sufficient, and tree-like neat and consistent after planting, builds garden regularity high.Be beneficial to orchard high grade producing stable yields.
7, after the seedling planting of secondary nursery, survival rate is high, and generally more than 98%, and transplanting seedling time is short, growth rapidly, thus substantially increases and builds garden quality.This is because during the nursery of fruit tree secondary, create the soil, fertilizer, water, the nutrient environment that are conducive to fruit tree growth, underground part well developed root system, the system of fibrous root, overground part robust growth.
The technical program is the conclusion drawn for examination material with drupe fruit tree, and the technical program is applicable to tone fruit trees, but is not limited to drupe fruit tree, to other fruit trees as the fruit trees such as apple, pears, hawthorn also all use.
The technical program is used to achieve extraordinary effect, for peach, through the nursery of secondary limit root, nursery stock is healthy and strong, with branch, and all form bud, well developed root system, fibrous root is closely knit, ground grows coordination up and down, as test peach plant after growth neat, it is high to build garden quality, survival rate 100%, damage by disease and insect is few.Second Year output reaches 1000 kilograms, and fruit high quality fruit rate is high, and conventional cultivation method Second Year is without economic flow rate.Although every strain is amounted in secondary nursery increase cost 5-15 unit, within 1 year, increase cost and recoverable afterwards, benefit is very remarkable, is worth promoting, is particularly suitable for standardization Orchard Construction and large-scale production high-quality fruit, and contrast Normal culture technique advantage clearly.
Below in conjunction with being that the invention will be further described for strength.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1, a kind of cultivation method of drupe fruit tree rapid high yield stable yields, plant for peach and be described, be specially:
The strain of self-fertile in 2007 annual ' Xia Dan ' peach seedling 50, in academy of agricultural sciences of Weifang City, Experimental Base is planted by the present embodiment, carries out limit root secondary and concentrates nursery.First cut off main root and only retain 20cm, retain not injured side root.Nursery stock with K-84 actinomycete agent 50 extraordinarily 20% methyl α-naphthyl acetate soluble powder 30ppm dip in root process 10 hours.By the training of Y type, heading height 55cm.
First ditching, furrow width 40cm, dark 30cm, nursery bottom of trench paving non-woven fabrics, preparation is become thoroughly decomposed 1400 kilograms every mu, duck excrement, adds bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum 1kg/t and K-84 actinomycetes 1 kg/t fully mixes thoroughly, is made into Nutrition Soil, is mixed in ditch and carries out the nursery of limit root.The wide 30cm in top, nursery ridge, bottom about 40cm, high 10cm, on ridge, single file is planted nursery stock, line-spacing 0.8m.Spacing in the rows 0.5m, installs micro-nozzle road, water spray radius 15cm, and spray field only limits nursery band, and keeps moistening in ditch, and nursery interband keeps arid, and interband does not water and do not apply fertilizer, and makes sapling root system be limited in growth in ditch, thus a large amount of fibrous root of growth-promoting.
Strengthen seedling management, when nursery stock young sprout grows into 30-50cm, Tipping, growth-promoting Secondary branches.Spray field only limits nursery ditch scope, and keep arid between nursery ditch, not farming, does not water and do not apply fertilizer, and makes sapling root system be limited in growth in ditch.Use 3 microbial nutrition fertilizer seedling stage, each 5-15 kg/acre, general 10 kilograms, spray water immediately after fertilising, watering, fertilizing is all in nursery ditch;
Gradually reduce ground watering, fertilizing after August, except non-specifically arid, generally fill with little water Fertilizers August once, after September, stop ground watering, fertilizing.
Rainy season early August is completely cured, and under nursery furrow rim, cutout is disconnected exposes root system, the fresh radicula of further growth-promoting.Ground watering, fertilizing is stopped after September.
Before October early and middle ten days lifting, conveniently spray 2-3% urea and add 1-3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed solution.
Second Year early March in spring waters permeable, lifting, selects nursery stock rugosity average out to 2.1cm, have 3-6 branch, branch stalwartness is enriched, and bud matter is full, average every strain has 65, bud, and the sapling that fibrous root is many and closely knit is dipped in mud and planning to build orchard field planting immediately, and the same day has planted; Water permeable after cultivation, 3-5 branch of selecting and remain, every branch retains 20-50cm and prunes, and branch Secondary Branch is less than 10cm cutting back or wipes out, and all the other branches and rudiment are erased, and branch is sprouted after young sprout grows to 40-50cm and stayed 30-40cm pinching, and pinching repeatedly, strengthen management.
Field planting immediately after lifting, selects tree-like complete and sapling 48 strain of stalwartness, by spacing in the rows 2m, and line-spacing 6m field planting.Dig each 60cm of length and width before field planting, dark 70cm field planting hole, every cave uses decomposed manure about 10kg.Guarantee that the same day has planted, water permeable, prune immediately after cultivation, by the tree-like pruning of Y type, Routine Management, pinching after 30-40cm, removes the bud formed then.Survival rate 100% after planting, seedling growth is healthy and strong neat, and disease occurs light, without crown gall, 16kg, the 3rd year 34kg are produced in the average strain of Second Year, one-level fruit rate 89.2%, routine 10 strains of planting contrast, Second Year is bloomed 4 strains, and without economic flow rate, 7kg is produced in strain in the 3rd year, one-level fruit rate 75%, difference is obvious.87kg is produced in strain in 4th year, one-level fruit rate 94.5%, and conventional nursery stock is built garden strain and produces 27kg, and one-level fruit rate 79.5%, difference is still obvious.
Preparing microorganism nutrition fertilizer raw material constituent following (by weight): fermentation soya-bean cake 43 parts, 15 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 10 parts, potassium sulfate 6 parts, 2 parts, ferrous sulfate, 1 part, zinc sulphate, borax 1 part, molydbenum fertilizer 1 part, bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum 0.5 part, K-84 actinomycete agent 0.5 part, 20% methyl α-naphthyl acetate soluble powder 0.02 part, machinery fully uniform mixing.
Embodiment 2, a kind of cultivation method of drupe fruit tree rapid high yield stable yields, plants for apricot and carries out
Illustrate, be specially:
The strain of self-fertile in 2007 annual ' the golden sun ' apricot seedling 50, stock ansu apricot, in academy of agricultural sciences of Weifang City, Experimental Base is planted by the present embodiment, carries out limit root secondary and concentrates nursery.First cut off main root and only retain 20cm, retain not injured side root.Nursery stock with K-84 actinomycete agent 50 extraordinarily 20% methyl α-naphthyl acetate soluble powder 30ppm dip in root process 10 hours.Three scaffold limb shapings are stayed, heading height 60cm by happy shape.
First prepare nursery ditch, furrow width 40cm, dark 40cm, nursery bottom of trench paving non-woven fabrics, preparation is become thoroughly decomposed 1400 kilograms every mu, duck excrement, adds bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum 1kg/t and K-84 actinomycetes 1 kg/t fully mixes thoroughly, is made into Nutrition Soil, is mixed in ditch and carries out the nursery of limit root.The wide 30cm in top, nursery ridge, bottom about 40cm, high 10cm, on ridge, single file is planted nursery stock, line-spacing 0.9m.Spacing in the rows 0.6m, installs micro-nozzle road, water spray radius 15cm.
Strengthen seedling management, when nursery stock young sprout grows into 30-50cm, Tipping, growth-promoting Secondary branches.Spray field only limits nursery ditch scope, and keep arid between nursery ditch, not farming, does not water and do not apply fertilizer, and makes sapling root system be limited in growth in ditch.Use 3 microbial nutrition fertilizer seedling stage, each 5-15 kg/acre, general 10 kilograms, spray water immediately after fertilising, watering, fertilizing is all in nursery ditch.
Rainy season early August is completely cured, and under nursery furrow rim, cutout is disconnected exposes root system, the fresh radicula of further growth-promoting.Ground watering, fertilizing is stopped after September.
Second Year early March in spring lifting.Nursery stock rugosity average out to 1.9cm, all has side shoot, and branch is healthy and strong, and bud matter is full, and average every strain has 95, bud, and well developed root system is dense.
Field planting immediately after lifting, selects tree-like complete and sapling 30 strain of stalwartness, by spacing in the rows 3m, and line-spacing 4m field planting.Dig each 60cm of length and width before field planting, dark 70cm field planting hole, every cave uses decomposed manure about 10kg.Guarantee that the same day has planted, water permeable, prune immediately after cultivation, by the tree-like pruning of Y type, Routine Management, pinching after 30-40cm, removes the bud formed then.Survival rate 100% after planting, seedling growth is healthy and strong neat, and disease occurs light, without crown gall, 19kg, the 3rd year 45kg are produced in the average strain of Second Year, one-level fruit rate 87.5%, routine 10 strains of planting contrast, Second Year is bloomed 5 strains, and without economic flow rate, 4kg is produced in strain in the 3rd year, one-level fruit rate 72%, difference is obvious.77kg is produced in strain in 4th year, one-level fruit rate 91.2%, and conventional nursery stock is built garden strain and produces 24kg, and one-level fruit rate 73.0%, difference is still obvious.
Preparing microorganism nutrition fertilizer raw material constituent following (by weight): fermentation soya-bean cake 55 parts, 15 parts, urea, diammonium phosphate 14 parts, potassium sulfate 10 parts, 2 parts, ferrous sulfate, 1 part, zinc sulphate, borax 1 part, molydbenum fertilizer 1 part, bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum 0.5 part, K-84 actinomycete agent 0.5 part, 20% methyl α-naphthyl acetate soluble powder 0.02 part, machinery fully uniform mixing.
The seeds implantation methods such as cherry, prune, Lee and peach, apricot are similar, difference is, Lee, prune, the tree-like coronule that adopts of cherry dredge layer shape, plexi shape, slender spindle like and happy shape more, and happy shape, plexi shape shape are without trunk, and coronule dredges layer shape, slender spindle like for there being trunk tree-like.Cherry tree vigo(u)r is strong, and orthostatic is strong, and once or not pinching, note drawing branch and adjustment branch angle, other is similar in summer pinching.Cherry, Lee's result comparatively seeds such as peach, apricot are late, enter high yield period after planting after 3-4.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a cultivation method for drupe fruit tree rapid high yield stable yields, is characterized in that, described cultivation method comprises preparation nursery stock step:
Select annual or life in 2 years without branch drupe fruit tree sapling, prune main root, retain 20-30cm, remove and hinder root, too thick side root, tree-like fixed dry as required, height 40-80cm;
Then secondary nursery is carried out.
2. cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described secondary nursery comprises nursery band making step:
Dig the wide 20-80cm in bottom, dark 10-50cm ditch, nursery bottom of trench overlays non-woven fabrics, allotment Nutrition Soil in ditch; Water depositing in water real, then with Nutrition Soil ridging and sapling of planting; Ridge height 0-30cm, in trapezoidal, wide 20-80cm bottom it, the wide 10-60cm in top;
Nutrition Soil comprises: organic every mu, fertilizer 1500-2500kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and organic fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed per ton adds bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum 1-3kg and K-84 actinomycetes 1-3kg, mixes thoroughly to be mixed in nursery ditch and carries out the nursery of limit root.
3. cultivation method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described secondary nursery comprises plants rear maintenance management step: install micro-nozzle road, spray field only limits nursery band, and keeping moistening in ditch, nursery interband keeps arid, does not water and do not apply fertilizer between nursery band.
4. cultivation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, when nursery stock young sprout grows into 30-40cm, stays tree-like, select 3-6 high-quality young sprout according to plan, retain 20-30cm pinching, growth-promoting Secondary branches;
Used 3-5 microbial nutrition before seedling stage to September fertile, every mu once uses 5-15 kilogram, and open ditch ditch spread or spread fertilizer over the fields, pouring water immediately after fertilising, watering, fertilizing is all in nursery ditch.
5. cultivation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described cultivation method also comprises lifting, field planting step:
Late October to early December or March next year water permeable, lifting, and selection of land footpath reaches more than 2cm, have 3-6 branch, and branch stalwartness is enriched, and bud matter is full, and the sapling that fibrous root is many and closely knit is dipped in mud and planning to build orchard field planting immediately, and the same day has planted; Water permeable after cultivation, 3-5 branch of selecting and remain, every branch retains 20-50cm and prunes, and branch Secondary Branch is less than 10cm cutting back or wipes out, and all the other branches and rudiment are erased, and branch is sprouted after young sprout grows to 40-50cm and stayed 30-40cm pinching, and pinching repeatedly.
6. cultivation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, microbial nutrition fertilizer comprises the component of following weight portion:
Fermentation soya-bean cake 30-50 part, urea (or ammonium nitrate) 10-20 part, diammonium phosphate 10-15 part, potassium sulfate 5-10 part, micro-fertile 1-10 part, bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum 0.3-1.0 part, K-84 actinomycete agent 0.2-0.8 part, 20% methyl α-naphthyl acetate soluble powder 0.01-0.03 part;
Micro-fertilizer is iron, the sulphate, complex compound, chelate etc. of zinc and the mixture of boron fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer etc.
7. cultivation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, 7-8 is completely cured rainy season in month, and under nursery furrow rim, cutout is disconnected exposes root system.
8. cultivation method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, before planting sapling with K-84 actinomycete agent 30-50 extraordinarily 20% methyl α-naphthyl acetate soluble powder 10-50ppm dip in root process.
9. cultivation method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, every mu of 1500-3000 strain of planting, and seedling growth is on ridge, every 1 row as furrow, line-spacing 0.6-1.2m, spacing in the rows 0.25-0.6m, or every 2 row are as furrow, on ridge, two every trades are apart from 0.4-0.6m, nearest line-spacing 0.6-1.6m between two ridges.
10. cultivation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, before October early and middle ten days lifting, sprays 2-3% urea and adds 1-3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed solution.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105532363A (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2016-05-04 | 太仓市丰缘农场专业合作社 | High-yield planting method of Dangshan pears |
| CN108849206A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-11-23 | 安宁丹泽农业科技开发有限责任公司 | The cultural method of one planting fruit-trees |
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| CN108849206A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-11-23 | 安宁丹泽农业科技开发有限责任公司 | The cultural method of one planting fruit-trees |
| CN112237118A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-19 | 昆明学院 | Root-limiting small shed frame cultivation method suitable for holboellia latifolia |
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