CN104620715A - Biology soil preparing method for soil animal ecological restoration in abandoned farmland - Google Patents
Biology soil preparing method for soil animal ecological restoration in abandoned farmland Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biology soil preparing method for soil animal ecological restoration in an abandoned farmland and relates to a soil preparing method for abandoned farmland ecological restoration. The technical problems that currently, restoration and improving attention on soil animals from animal soil is low, soil animal restoration is purely by nature, restoration speed is low, and community composition is not complete are solved. The method comprises the steps that first, a biology soil base is prepared; second, the biology soil base is cultured in a pre-restoration target natural ecosystem; and third, the biology soil is transplanted to the abandoned farmland. The method has the advantages that the biology soil is cultured in the natural ecosystem, soil animals in the biology soil are attracted and amplified, then transplanting to the abandoned farmland is carried out, the fact that the soil animals are native species is guaranteed, invasion of alien species is avoided, ecological risks are avoided, soil animal restoration in the abandoned farmland can be promoted effectively, the effects of soil improving, soil organic matter increasing, soil porosity enlarging and water retention and weight gaining are achieved, and operation is easy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soil processing method of rejected reasons ecological recovery.
Technical background
Along with the further reinforcement of China's Ecological Civilization Construction and the raising of ecological protection consciousness, a large amount of violation cultivation arable land of main eco-functional regionalization and middle-and-low-yielding fields, all carried out or the also farming such as wet that is about to carry out conceding the land to forestry, returning farmland to grassland and concedes the land.At present, the revegetation of rejected reasons adopts the means such as auxiliary recovery of seed bank clear-cutting forestland, artificial planting or transplanting, can effectively be recovered in a short time.Relative revegetation, the recovery of soil is comparatively slow.Long-time farming makes the physics of arable soil, chemistry all there occurs marked change with biological property compared with the natural ecosystems soil property before its reclamation of wasteland.
In natural soils biology, both containing edaphons such as abundant bacterium, fungi, actinomycetes and algae, also containing the soil animal that Collembola, acarine, nematode, mollusk and protozoa etc. are abundant.Soil animal is the important component part of soil ecosystem, and enormous amount forms various.Taking food of soil animal directly to affect soil substance circulation and energy flow with activity, play an important role to the maintenance of Zinc fractions, growth, differentiation and function.Therefore, soil animal recovery is the important component part of rejected reasons soil restoration.The composition of soil animal and quantity, become the important indicator of Soil ecology restoration.
Biological soil is the important means of soil restoration and improvement.But the biological soil generally adopted at present and various modifying agent thereof, all mainly concentrate on edaphon, pay close attention to seldom the recovery of soil animal and improvement, soil animal relies on clear-cutting forestland merely, and resume speed is slow, and group's composition is imperfect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve current biological soil to pay close attention to seldom to the recovery of soil animal and improvement, soil animal relies on clear-cutting forestland merely, resume speed is slow, and group forms incomplete technical problem, and provides a kind of biological soil preparation method being applied to soil fauna recovery in rejected reasons.
A kind of biological soil preparation method being applied to soil fauna recovery in rejected reasons of the present invention carries out according to the following steps:
One, the making of biological soil base: be the crops straw of 10 parts ~ 30 parts by parts by weight, the soft rot of 30 parts ~ 35 parts of epiphytic fungis wood, the peat of 30 parts ~ 55 parts and the rejected reasons soil of 5 parts fully mixes, obtain biological soil base; The soft rot wood of the crops straw of described 10 parts ~ 30 parts, 30 parts ~ 35 parts of epiphytic fungis, the peat of 30 parts ~ 55 parts and the rejected reasons soil of 5 parts all directly obtain from field;
Two, the cultivation of biological soil base in pre-restore target natural ecosystems: it is 2m that biological soil base step one obtained is divided into thickness to be 20cm ~ 40cm and area
2~ 5m
2rectangle biological soil base, be deposited in the natural ecosystems of the identical type of rejected reasons pre-restore target by dispersed under the spaced condition for 10m ~ 30m for rectangle biological soil base, cultivate 1 month ~ 6 months in the natural ecosystems of the identical type of rejected reasons pre-restore target, obtain biological soil; The distance that the natural ecosystem of the described identical type of rejected reasons pre-restore target is unified between rejected reasons is less than or equal to 10km;
Three, biological soil is transplanted to rejected reasons: the biological soil that step 2 obtained reclaims, then according to thickness be 5cm ~ 20cm, area is 2m
2~ 10m
210m ~ 30m is dispersed to be laid in rejected reasons with being spaced apart, and the humidity of biological soil will be kept to be not less than 70% of the biological soil humidity that step 2 obtains in initial 30 days that biological soil is transplanted to rejected reasons.
Rejected reasons carries out grassplots restored from reclamation, the violation cultivation arable land of forest land or wetland and middle-and-low-yielding fields in advance.
Principle of the present invention: on the one hand, soil animal, particularly middle-size and small-size arthropods are responsive to environmental response.Natural ecosystems after the cultivation of long period, applying pesticides and chemical fertilizer interference, the kind of soil animal and the remarkable decline of quantity, the composition of group also with its cultivation before natural ecosystems significant difference; On the other hand, in natural ecosystems, soil animal quantity is large, and kind is many, and distribution is wide, and breeding rapidly.The biological soil base that the present invention adopts physico chemical factor good, easily attracts perching of soil animal settle down and breed amplification in natural ecosystems.Meanwhile, soil animal scope of activities is relatively little, and it is little to perch demand space, biological soil after recovery is transplanted in rejected reasons, can soil animal existence in the guarantee biological soil of long period and breeding, and can as soil animal provenance, progressively soil expansion towards periphery.
Advantage of the present invention:
One, the present invention effectively can promote the recovery of soil animal in rejected reasons, solves current biological amelioration and only pays close attention to microorganism, lacks the problem promoting the method that soil animal recovers;
Two, in the present invention, biological soil adopts training method in natural ecosystems, and the soil animal attracting and increase in biological soil, is then transplanted to the method for rejected reasons, ensure that soil animal is all endemic species, avoid foreign term, without ecological risk;
Three, the use of biological soil of the present invention, while promotion soil animal recovers, the effect that also can reach improvement soil, increase the soil organic matter, increase soil porosity, water conservation getting fat;
Four, the inventive method step is simple, processing ease, Be very effective.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: present embodiment is a kind of biological soil preparation method being applied to soil fauna recovery in rejected reasons, specifically carries out according to the following steps:
One, the making of biological soil base: be the crops straw of 10 parts ~ 30 parts by parts by weight, the soft rot of the epiphytic fungi of 30 parts ~ 35 parts wood, the peat of 30 parts ~ 55 parts and the rejected reasons soil of 5 parts fully mixes, obtain biological soil base; The soft rot wood of the crops straw of described 10 parts ~ 30 parts, 30 parts ~ 35 parts of epiphytic fungis, the peat of 30 parts ~ 55 parts and the rejected reasons soil of 5 parts all directly obtain from field;
Two, the cultivation of biological soil base in pre-restore target natural ecosystems: it is 2m that biological soil base step one obtained is divided into thickness to be 20cm ~ 40cm and area
2~ 5m
2rectangle biological soil base, be deposited in the natural ecosystems of the identical type of rejected reasons pre-restore target by dispersed under the spaced condition for 10m ~ 30m for rectangle biological soil base, cultivate 1 month ~ 6 months in the natural ecosystems of the identical type of rejected reasons pre-restore target, obtain biological soil; The distance that the natural ecosystem of the described identical type of rejected reasons pre-restore target is unified between rejected reasons is less than or equal to 10km;
Three, biological soil is transplanted to rejected reasons: the biological soil that step 2 obtained reclaims, then according to thickness be 5cm ~ 20cm, area is 2m
2~ 10m
210m ~ 30m is dispersed to be laid in rejected reasons with being spaced apart, and the humidity of biological soil will be kept to be not less than 70% of the biological soil humidity that step 2 obtains in initial 30 days that biological soil is transplanted to rejected reasons.
The principle of present embodiment: on the one hand, soil animal, particularly middle-size and small-size arthropods are responsive to environmental response.Natural ecosystems after the cultivation of long period, applying pesticides and chemical fertilizer interference, the kind of soil animal and the remarkable decline of quantity, the composition of group also with its cultivation before natural ecosystems significant difference; On the other hand, in natural ecosystems, soil animal quantity is large, and kind is many, and distribution is wide, and breeding rapidly.Present embodiment adopts the biological soil base that physico chemical factor is good, easily attracts perching of soil animal settle down and breed amplification in natural ecosystems.Meanwhile, soil animal scope of activities is relatively little, and it is little to perch demand space, biological soil after recovery is transplanted in rejected reasons, can soil animal existence in the guarantee biological soil of long period and breeding, and can as soil animal provenance, progressively soil expansion towards periphery.
The advantage of present embodiment:
One, present embodiment effectively can promote the recovery of soil animal in rejected reasons, solves current biological amelioration and only pays close attention to microorganism, lacks the problem promoting the method that soil animal recovers;
Two, in present embodiment, biological soil adopts training method in natural ecosystems, and the soil animal attracting and increase in biological soil, is then transplanted to the method for rejected reasons, ensure that soil animal is all endemic species, avoid foreign term, without ecological risk;
Three, the use of present embodiment biological soil, while promotion soil animal recovers, the effect that also can reach improvement soil, increase the soil organic matter, increase soil porosity, water conservation getting fat;
Four, the method step of present embodiment is simple, processing ease, Be very effective.
Embodiment two: present embodiment and embodiment one unlike: be the crops straw of 20 parts by parts by weight in step one, the soft rot of 35 parts of epiphytic fungis wood, the peat of 40 parts and the rejected reasons soil of 5 parts fully mix, obtain biological soil base; The soft rot wood of the crops straw of described 20 parts, 35 parts of epiphytic fungis, the peat of 40 parts and the rejected reasons soil of 5 parts all directly obtain from field.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to two unlike: the soft rot wood of the epiphytic fungi described in step one is soft rotten white birch, black birch, Yue Hua, Mongolian oak, white poplar or aspen wood.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to two.
Embodiment four: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to three unlike: in step 2 when rejected reasons pre-restore target type be respectively meadow, forest land and wetland time, natural ecosystems are respectively natural meadow, natural forest land and the natural wetland ecosystem.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to four unlike: it is 4m that biological soil base step one obtained in step 2 is divided into thickness to be 30cm and area
2rectangle biological soil base, be deposited in the natural ecosystems of the identical type of rejected reasons pre-restore target by dispersed under the spaced condition for 20m for rectangle biological soil base, cultivation 5 months, obtains biological soil naturally.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to five unlike: the biological soil that step 2 obtained in step 3 reclaims, then according to thickness be 15cm, area is 8m
220m is dispersed to be laid in rejected reasons with being spaced apart.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to five.
Embodiment seven: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to six unlike: the peat described in step one is the natural peat in peat bog.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to six.
Adopt following verification experimental verification effect of the present invention:
Test one: this test is a kind of biological soil preparation method being applied to soil fauna recovery in rejected reasons, specifically carries out according to the following steps:
In May, 2011-September select Sanjiang Plain in Heilongjiang Province " returning farmland to grassland pasture " in test:
One, the making of biological soil base: be the paddy rice rice husk of 30 parts by parts by weight, half the decomposing white birch rotten wood bits, the peat of 35 parts and the rejected reasons soil of 5 parts and fully mix of the epiphytic fungi of 30 parts, obtains biological soil base; Half of the paddy rice rice husk of described 30 parts, 30 epiphytic fungis decompose white birch rotten wood bits, all direct forest land in May, 2011 from rejected reasons periphery of rejected reasons soil of the peat of 35 parts and 5 parts, grassy marshland, marsh and rejected reasons and obtain, and keep its inherent moisture condition before raw material fully mixes;
Two, the cultivation of biological soil base in pre-restore target natural ecosystems: it is 2.5m that biological soil base step one obtained is divided into thickness to be 20cm and area
2rectangle biological soil base, be deposited in the natural ecosystems of the identical type of rejected reasons pre-restore target by dispersed under the spaced condition for 10m for rectangle biological soil base, cultivate 2 months in the natural ecosystems of the identical type of rejected reasons pre-restore target, obtain biological soil; The distance that the natural ecosystem of the described identical type of rejected reasons pre-restore target is unified between rejected reasons is 1km; In step 2, rejected reasons pre-restore target type is meadow, and natural ecosystems are Deyeuxia angustifolia grassy marshland;
Three, biological soil is transplanted to rejected reasons: the biological soil that step 2 obtained reclaims, then according to thickness be 10cm, area is 1m
225m is dispersed to be laid in rejected reasons with being spaced apart, and the humidity of biological soil will be kept to be not less than 70% of the biological soil humidity that step 2 obtains, need if desired by water supplementing method supply soil moisture in initial 30 days that biological soil is transplanted to rejected reasons.
Be separated soil animal with in June, 2013 sampling in September, 2011 to show, in service test one biological soil rejected reasons in the soil animal kind analogy of biological soil periphery 0 ~ 5m there is no the rejected reasons soil animal kind many 22% ~ 43% of biological soil in service test one, density is high by 15% ~ 35%, biological soil plays the effect of good soil animal provenance, facilitates the recovery of soil animal.
Test two: this test is a kind of biological soil preparation method being applied to soil fauna recovery in rejected reasons, specifically carries out according to the following steps:
In May, 2011 ~ September select Sanjiang Plain in Heilongjiang Province " conceding the land to forestry " in test:
One, the making of biological soil base: be the rice straw of 20 parts by parts by weight, half the decomposing bavin birch rotten wood bits, the peat of 40 parts and the rejected reasons soil of 5 parts and fully mix of the epiphytic fungi of 35 parts, obtains biological soil base; Half of the rice straw of described 20 parts, the epiphytic fungi of 35 parts decomposes bavin birch rotten wood bits, all direct forest land in May, 2011 from rejected reasons periphery of rejected reasons soil of the peat of 40 parts and 5 parts, grassy marshland, marsh and rejected reasons and obtains, and keeps its inherent moisture condition before raw material fully mixes;
Two, the cultivation of biological soil base in pre-restore target natural ecosystems: it is 3m that biological soil base step one obtained is divided into thickness to be 25cm and area
2rectangle biological soil base, be deposited in the natural ecosystems of the identical type of rejected reasons pre-restore target by dispersed under the spaced condition for 20m for rectangle biological soil base, cultivate 1.5 months in the natural ecosystems of the identical type of rejected reasons pre-restore target, obtain biological soil; The distance that the natural ecosystem of the described identical type of rejected reasons pre-restore target is unified between rejected reasons is 1km; In step 2, rejected reasons pre-restore target type is forest land, and natural ecosystems are the secondary birch forest land of nature;
Three, biological soil is transplanted to rejected reasons: the biological soil that step 2 obtained reclaims, then according to thickness be 20cm, area is 2m
220m is dispersed to be laid in rejected reasons with being spaced apart, and the humidity of biological soil will be kept to be not less than 70% of the biological soil humidity that step 2 obtains, need if desired by water supplementing method supply soil moisture in initial 30 days that biological soil is transplanted to rejected reasons.
Be separated soil animal with in June, 2013 sampling in September, 2011 to show, in the rejected reasons of service test two biological soil, the soil animal kind analogy of biological soil periphery 0 ~ 5m does not have the rejected reasons soil animal kind of the biological soil of service test two, many 35% ~ 45%, density is high by 30% ~ 48%.Biological soil plays the effect of good soil animal provenance, effectively facilitates the recovery of Rehabilitated land soil animal.
Claims (7)
1. be applied to the biological soil preparation method that in rejected reasons, soil fauna recovers, it is characterized in that being applied to the biological soil preparation method that in rejected reasons, soil fauna recovers and carry out according to the following steps:
One, the making of biological soil base: be the crops straw of 10 parts ~ 30 parts by parts by weight, the soft rot of the epiphytic fungi of 30 parts ~ 35 parts wood, the peat of 30 parts ~ 55 parts and the rejected reasons soil of 5 parts fully mixes, obtain biological soil base;
Two, the cultivation of biological soil base in pre-restore target natural ecosystems: it is 2m that biological soil base step one obtained is divided into thickness to be 20cm ~ 40cm and area
2~ 5m
2rectangle biological soil base, be deposited in the natural ecosystems of the identical type of rejected reasons pre-restore target by dispersed under the spaced condition for 10m ~ 30m for rectangle biological soil base, cultivate 1 month ~ 6 months in the natural ecosystems of the identical type of rejected reasons pre-restore target, obtain biological soil; The distance that the natural ecosystem of the described identical type of rejected reasons pre-restore target is unified between rejected reasons is less than or equal to 10km;
Three, biological soil is transplanted to rejected reasons: the biological soil that step 2 obtained reclaims, then according to thickness be 5cm ~ 20cm, area is 2m
2~ 10m
210m ~ 30m is dispersed to be laid in rejected reasons with being spaced apart, and the humidity of biological soil will be kept to be not less than 70% of the biological soil humidity that step 2 obtains in initial 30 days that biological soil is transplanted to rejected reasons.
2. a kind of biological soil preparation method being applied to soil fauna recovery in rejected reasons according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being the crops straw of 20 parts by parts by weight in step one, the soft rot of 35 parts of epiphytic fungis wood, the peat of 40 parts and the rejected reasons soil of 5 parts fully mixes, obtain biological soil base; The soft rot wood of the crops straw of described 20 parts, 35 parts of epiphytic fungis, the peat of 40 parts and the rejected reasons soil of 5 parts all directly obtain from field.
3. a kind of biological soil preparation method being applied to soil fauna recovery in rejected reasons according to claim 1, is characterized in that the soft rot wood of the epiphytic fungi described in step one is soft rotten white birch, black birch, Yue Hua, Mongolian oak, white poplar or aspen wood.
4. a kind of biological soil preparation method being applied to soil fauna recovery in rejected reasons according to claim 1, is characterized in that the peat described in step one is the natural peat in peat bog.
5. a kind of biological soil preparation method being applied to soil fauna recovery in rejected reasons according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 2 when rejected reasons pre-restore target type be respectively meadow, forest land and wetland time, natural ecosystems are respectively natural meadow, natural forest land and the natural wetland ecosystem.
6. a kind of biological soil preparation method being applied to soil fauna recovery in rejected reasons according to claim 1, it is characterized in that biological soil base step one obtained in step 2 is divided into thickness to be 30cm and area is 4m
2rectangle biological soil base, be deposited in the natural ecosystems of the identical type of rejected reasons pre-restore target by dispersed under the spaced condition for 20m for rectangle biological soil base, cultivation 5 months, obtains biological soil naturally.
7. a kind of biological soil preparation method being applied to soil fauna in rejected reasons and recovering according to claim 1, is characterized in that biological soil step 2 obtained in step 3 reclaims, then according to thickness be 15cm, area is 8m
220m is dispersed to be laid in rejected reasons with being spaced apart.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN108633844A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-10-12 | 贵州大学 | A method of assessing Karst ecosystem revegetation potentiality using soil animal |
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