CN104550949A - Method for rapidly forming Ti-6Al-4V three-dimensional metal parts by electron beams - Google Patents
Method for rapidly forming Ti-6Al-4V three-dimensional metal parts by electron beams Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of electron beam machining, in particular to a method for rapidly forming Ti-6Al-4V three-dimensional metal parts by electron beams. The method is suitable for rapid forming and preparation of various complex-structure Ti-6Al-4V metal parts. The method comprises the steps of firstly, preparing the Ti-6Al-4V three-dimensional metal parts; secondly, carrying out hot isostatic pressing treatment on the prepared three-dimensional parts under 800-1000 DEG C; finally, carrying out annealing treatment on titanium alloy components under 700-1000 DEG C and aging treatment on the titanium alloy components under 400-600 DEG C. Through the technological processes, the Ti-6Al-4V complex-structure three-dimensional metal parts, of which the tensile strength is higher than 900MPa, the ductility is higher than 10%, the fatigue strength is higher than 500MPa, and the impact toughness is higher than 30J/cm<2>, with excellent comprehensive mechanical properties can be obtained and can be widely applied to the fields of spaceflight, medical treatment and the like.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to electron Beam Machining field, be specially a kind of method of electron beam Quick-forming Ti-6Al-4V high performance three-dimensional metal parts, the method is applicable to the Quick-forming preparation of various labyrinth Ti-6Al-4V metal parts.
Background technology:
Electron-beam melting successively forming technique (Additive Fabrication via Electron Eeam Melting, AM-EBM) is one of advanced manufacturing technology of fast development in recent years.EBM technology take electron beam as energy source, by the three-dimensional digital model hierarchy slicing process to part, it is made to be separated into a series of two-dimensional data files, then moved metal dust successively fused deposition by computer system control electron beam according to the fileinfo of every one deck, finally obtain the on all four exemplar with design document.This technology has embodied a concentrated reflection of the integrated application of multidisciplinary, many technology such as CAD, numerical control, electron beam process, new material exploitation, high, the baroque metal parts of precision can be prepared fast, there is the advantages such as high accuracy, high efficiency and high-performance, have a wide range of applications in fields such as Aero-Space, medical treatment, chemical industry, receive the close attention of scholars and researcher.
Compared with another kind of RP technique-Laser Rapid Prototyping Technique, metal parts residualinternal stress prepared by EBM technology is low, and forming efficiency is high, in production large scale 3-dimensional metal part, have obvious advantage.But part performance and the EBM technological parameter of the production of EBM technology are closely related, want corresponding technological parameter carry out manufacture for different metal needs.Make in sample in EBM legal system, the input preparation technology parameter such as energy, beam scan velocity and sample size, stacked direction etc. all can affect thawing and the freezing rate of each point of aspect, and then affect the Microstructure and properties of sample.
The advantages such as the titanium alloy biocompatibility that specific strength is high, elastic modelling quantity is low owing to having, corrosion resistance is excellent and good, have a wide range of applications in medical treatment and aerospace field.In the practical application of medical treatment and aerospace field, normal needs some there are metal parts of complex internal structure.Concerning titanium alloy, adopt Conventional processing methods to process these parts and there is great difficulty, and cost is very high.And the processing preparation adopting EBM method to carry out these metal parts has obvious advantage, the commercial scale that can realize these parts is efficiently prepared fast.Current scholars has carried out research (Nikolas H, Timothy Q.Mater Sci Eng A, 2013 for the Microstructure and properties impact of above-mentioned factor on EBM method Ti-6Al-4V alloy product; 573:271; Nikolas H, Timothy Q.Mater Sci Eng A, 2013; 573:264; Murr L E, Esquivel E V, Quinones S A; Gaytan S M, Lopez M I, Martinez E Y; Medina F, Hernandez D H, Martinez E; Martinez J L, Stafford S W, Brown D K; Hoppe T, Meyers W, Lindhe U; Wicker R B.Materials Characterization, 2009; 60:96).But these researchs are confined to the impact of technological parameter on Ti-6Al-4V alloy tensile performance, lack the impact on fatigue behaviour, impact property and notch sensitive performance.In addition, EBM product post processing (high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) and heat treatment) to its mechanical property should first also nobody relate to.
Therefore, need to study the impact of the post-processing technologies such as the electron beam input technological parameter such as energy, sample size, high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) and heat treatment on the standby Ti-6Al-4V alloy mechanical property of EBM legal system, obtain the electron beam quick forming method efficiently preparing excellent mechanical performance Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part, better serve the field such as medical treatment, space flight.
Summary of the invention:
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method of electron beam Quick-forming Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part, solve the difficult problem efficiently preparing labyrinth Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part at present fast.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
A method for electron beam Quick-forming Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part preparation, with Ti-6Al-4V powder for raw material, adopts electron beam melting rapid metallic prototyping technique to prepare Ti-6Al-4V block 3-dimensional metal part;
(2) Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part hip treatment, carries out hip treatment to Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part at 800 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C;
(3) Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part heat treatment, to Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part 700 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C carry out annealing in process and 400 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C carry out Ageing Treatment, the final Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part obtaining excellent mechanical performance.
In described step (1), first at substrate surface uniform spreading one deck Ti-6Al-4V metal dust, then with electron beam, described metal dust is successively melted, deposits in vacuum chamber, by controlling electron-beam melting technological parameter, stack shaping parameter, until whole 3 d part manufacture completes.
In described step (1), Ti-6Al-4V powder is spherical, and diameter is 30 μm ~ 150 μm.
In described step (1), the process parameters range of electron beam melting rapid metallic prototyping technique is, electron beam current is 5 ~ 30mA, and sweep speed is 1000 ~ 20000mm/s.
For ensureing 3 d part global tissue and mechanical property evenly, part initial formation height should control at distance substrate 10mm ~ 30mm.For ensureing 3 d part global tissue and mechanical property evenly, make stacked direction perpendicular to orientation substrate as far as possible.For ensureing 3 d part global tissue and mechanical property evenly, part wall thickness should be greater than 2mm.
In described step (2), the design parameter of Ti-6Al-4V high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) is: high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) heating-up temperature is 800 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 1 ~ 3h, and institute's plus-pressure is 100 ~ 200MPa, and the type of cooling is that stove is cold.
In described step (3), the heat treatment of Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part adopts the heat treatment of two-phase section two step, and concrete steps are:
(1) two-phase section annealing in process;
(2) two-phase section Ageing Treatment.
Described two-phase section annealing in process device therefor is vacuum heat treatment furnace, and heat treatment temperature is 700 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 1 ~ 3h, and cooling velocity is 1 ~ 3 DEG C/min;
Described two-phase section Ageing Treatment device therefor is vacuum heat treatment furnace, and heat treatment temperature is 400 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 1 ~ 3h, and cooling velocity is 8 ~ 15 DEG C/min.
In the present invention, electron beam melting rapid metallic prototyping technique (Electron Beam Melting) is called for short EBM technology, it is a kind of emerging advanced metal rapid prototyping & manufacturing technology in recent years, its principle is by the three-dimensional entity model data importing EBM equipment of part, then tile one deck refining metallic powder thin layer in the work chamber of EBM equipment, utilize high-power electron beam after deflection focusing, the high density energy produced in focus makes the metal powder layer be scanned produce high temperature at local tiny area, cause metal particle melting, electron beam continuous sweep is mutually merged making metal bath small one by one and solidifies, be connected to form wire and planar metal level.
In the present invention, the electron beam melting apparatus of metal molding adopted is routine techniques, as: the Arcam A1 electronic torch melting EBM system (Electron Beam Melting) that the special Science and Technology Ltd. of Pan Asia produces, its process parameters range is: electron beam current is 5 ~ 30mA, and sweep speed is 1000 ~ 20000mm/s.This system is directly from the fully automatic system that CAD completes to finished product manufacture, it is labyrinth titanium alloy 3 d part batch production instrument, by metal dust under the bombardment of high-power electron beam, growth in layer, the shape of every layer is all controlled by three-dimensional CAD, utilize electronic torch melting system, high smelting capacity and productivity ratio can be reached.
Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part hot strength prepared by the inventive method is higher than 900MPa, and percentage elongation is higher than 10%, and fatigue strength is higher than 500MPa, and shock resistance is higher than 30J/cm
2, its comprehensive mechanical property is apparently higher than foundry goods and forging.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, the present invention adopts electron beam melting rapid metallic prototyping technique to prepare high performance Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part, and profile, the internal structure of product are completely controlled, can carry out the preparation of individuation, labyrinth 3-dimensional metal part according to the actual requirements; Its preparation technology is simple, and cost is starkly lower than other preparation means such as machining, and production efficiency is high, is applicable to industrial-scale production.
2, the present invention prepares the links such as process parameter optimizing in Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part process process, later stage high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) and heat treatment by controlling electron beam melting metal forming process, the labyrinth Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part with excellent comprehensive mechanical property can be obtained, at medical treatment, aerospace field, there is boundless application prospect.
3, the present invention is by carrying out hip treatment to Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part at 800 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C, annealing and timeliness two-step thermal processing is carried out between 400 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C, obtain hot strength higher than 900MPa, percentage elongation is higher than 10%, fatigue strength is higher than 500MPa, and shock resistance is higher than 30J/cm
2, by the mechanical property of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) and Technology for Heating Processing control EBM method Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part, thus obtain the large scale labyrinth titanium alloy three-dimensional structure with excellent mechanical performance.
In a word, the inventive method technique is simple, and cost is low, and formation of parts precision is high, is applicable to industrial mass production.The present invention is by the mechanical property of electron beam technology parameter, heat and other static pressuring processes and Technology for Heating Processing control Ti-6Al-4V moulding material, thus obtain the Ti-6Al-4V labyrinth 3 d part with excellent mechanical performance, extensive use can be obtained in the field such as space flight, medical treatment.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 (a) is human body skull cad model;
Fig. 1 (b) is Ti-6Al-4V human body skull simulating piece;
Fig. 2 is Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder pattern;
Fig. 3 (a) international chess piece cad model;
Fig. 3 (b) is Ti-6Al-4V international chess piece;
Fig. 4 (a) is acetabular cup cad model;
Fig. 4 (b) is Ti-6Al-4V acetabular cup;
Fig. 5 (a) is CAD hollow ball model;
Fig. 5 (b) is Ti-6Al-4V hollow ball.
Detailed description of the invention:
In the present invention, first adopt CAD software to carry out modelling, then the graphic file designed is imported Magics software and carry out figure error correction and optimization, to ensure carrying out smoothly of electron beam melting Metal Forming Process; Abf formatted file is become by picture file translation after optimization process to import the computer control system of electron beam melting apparatus of metal molding, with Ti-6Al-4V powder for raw material utilize electron beam melting apparatus of metal molding to prepare Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in more detail.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 1 (a), utilize CAD Software for Design human body skull model, wall thickness is 3mm.With Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder (Fig. 2, diameier is 50 ~ 80 μm) be raw material, Arcam A1 type electron beam melting equipment is adopted to prepare Ti-6Al-4V human body skull model, beam scan velocity is 10000mm/s, electron beam current is 18mA, and the Ti-6Al-4V human body skull model of preparation is as shown in Fig. 1 (b).
In the present embodiment, carry out hip treatment to the Ti-6Al-4V human body skull model of preparation, technique is: temperature is 920 DEG C, and pressure is 120MPa, and temperature retention time is 3h.
In the present embodiment, at two-phase section, two step heat treatments are carried out to the Ti-6Al-4V human body skull of preparation:
(1) two-phase section annealing in process utilizes vacuum heat treatment furnace, is incubated 1h, with the speed cool to room temperature of 1 DEG C/min to the Ti-6Al-4V human body skull of preparation at 800 DEG C.
(2) two-phase section Ageing Treatment utilizes vacuum heat treatment furnace, and heat treatment temperature is 500 DEG C of insulation 3h, with the speed cool to room temperature of 10 DEG C/min.
In the present embodiment, Ti-6Al-4V human body skull model tensile strength, percentage elongation, fatigue strength, impact flexibility and notch sensitivity relevant parameter are as follows: this titanium alloy material tensile strength is 1000MPa, yield strength is 900MPa, percentage elongation is 11%, fatigue strength is 530MPa, and impact flexibility is 32J/cm
2.In the present embodiment, the tensile strength of Ti-6Al-4V human body skull model, percentage elongation, fatigue strength, impact flexibility and notch sensitivity are obviously better than the forging state reported in document and as cast condition Ti-6Al-4V alloy.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Fig. 3 (a), utilize CAD Software for Design international chess piece model, the most thin-walled of chess piece is thick is 4mm.With Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder for raw material (Fig. 2, diameier is 50 ~ 80 μm), adopt Arcam A1 type electron beam melting equipment to prepare Ti-6Al-4V international chess piece, beam scan velocity is 13000m/s, electron beam current is 20mA, and stacked direction is perpendicular to orientation substrate.The Ti-6Al-4V international chess piece of preparation as shown in Figure 3 (b).
In the present embodiment, carry out hip treatment to the Ti-6Al-4V human body skull model of preparation, technique is: temperature is 950 DEG C, and pressure is 100MPa, and temperature retention time is 2h.
In the present embodiment, at two-phase section, two step heat treatments are carried out to the Ti-6Al-4V international chess piece of preparation:
(1) two-phase section annealing in process utilizes vacuum heat treatment furnace, is incubated 1.5h, with the speed cool to room temperature of 2 DEG C/min to the Ti-6Al-4V international chess piece of preparation at 900 DEG C.
(2) two-phase section Ageing Treatment utilizes vacuum heat treatment furnace, and heat treatment temperature is 600 DEG C, temperature retention time 1h, with the speed cool to room temperature of 15 DEG C/min.
In the present embodiment, Ti-6Al-4V international chess piece tensile strength, percentage elongation, fatigue strength, impact flexibility and notch sensitivity relevant parameter are as follows: this titanium alloy member tensile strength is 980MPa, yield strength is 880MPa, percentage elongation is 15%, fatigue strength is 550MPa, and impact flexibility is 33J/cm
2.In the present embodiment, the tensile strength of Ti-6Al-4V international chess piece, percentage elongation, fatigue strength, impact flexibility and notch sensitivity are obviously better than the forging state reported in document and as cast condition Ti-6Al-4V alloy.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 4 (a), utilize CAD Software for Design acetabular cup model, the surperficial loose structure thick with 2mm of acetabular cup, acetabular cup thinnest part is 2mm.With Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder for raw material (Fig. 2, diameier is 50 ~ 80 μm), adopt Arcam A1 type electron beam melting equipment to prepare Ti-6Al-4V acetabular cup, beam scan velocity is 12500mm/s, electron beam current is 25mA, and stacked direction is vertical substrate direction.The Ti-6Al-4V acetabular cup of preparation as shown in Figure 4 (b).
In the present embodiment, carry out hip treatment to the Ti-6Al-4V acetabular cup of preparation, technique is: temperature is 940 DEG C, and pressure is 110MPa, and temperature retention time is 2.5h.
In the present embodiment, at two-phase section, two step heat treatments are carried out to the Ti-6Al-4V acetabular cup of preparation:
(1) two-phase section annealing in process utilizes vacuum heat treatment furnace, is incubated 3h, with the speed cool to room temperature of 1 DEG C/min to the Ti-6Al-4V acetabular cup of preparation at 700 DEG C.
(2) two-phase section Ageing Treatment utilizes vacuum heat treatment furnace, and heat treatment temperature is 550 DEG C, temperature retention time 3h, with the speed cool to room temperature of 8 DEG C/min.
In the present embodiment, Ti-6Al-4V acetabular cup tensile strength, percentage elongation, fatigue strength, impact flexibility and notch sensitivity relevant parameter are as follows: this titanium alloy member tensile strength is 1180MPa, yield strength is 1100MPa, percentage elongation is 10%, fatigue strength is 568MPa, and impact flexibility is 31J/cm
2.In the present embodiment, the tensile strength of Ti-6Al-4V acetabular cup, percentage elongation, fatigue strength, impact flexibility and notch sensitivity are obviously better than the forging state reported in document and as cast condition Ti-6Al-4V alloy.
Embodiment 4
As shown in Fig. 5 (a), utilize CAD Software for Design hollow ball, hollow ball wall thickness is 3mm, and half is loose structure.With Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder for raw material (Fig. 2, diameier is 50 ~ 80 μm), adopt Arcam A1 type electron beam melting equipment Ti-6Al-4V hollow ball, beam scan velocity is 15000mm/s, electron beam current is 24mA, and stacked direction is perpendicular to orientation substrate.The Ti-6Al-4V hollow ball of preparation is as shown in Fig. 5 (b).
In the present embodiment, carry out hip treatment to the Ti-6Al-4V hollow ball of preparation, technique is: temperature is 920 DEG C, and pressure is 120MPa, and temperature retention time is 2.5h.
In the present embodiment, at two-phase section, two step heat treatments are carried out to the Ti-6Al-4V hollow ball of preparation:
(1) two-phase section annealing in process utilizes vacuum heat treatment furnace, is incubated 1h, with the speed cool to room temperature of 3 DEG C/min to the hollow ball of preparation at 750 DEG C.
(2) two-phase section Ageing Treatment utilizes vacuum heat treatment furnace, and heat treatment temperature is 450 DEG C, temperature retention time 2.5h, with the speed cool to room temperature of 9 DEG C/min.
In the present embodiment, Ti-6Al-4V hollow ball tensile strength, percentage elongation, fatigue strength, impact flexibility and notch sensitivity relevant parameter are as follows: this hollow ball tensile strength is 1050MPa, yield strength is 950MPa, percentage elongation is 11%, fatigue strength is 550MPa, and impact flexibility is 33J/cm
2.In the present embodiment, the tensile strength of Ti-6Al-4V hollow ball, percentage elongation, fatigue strength, impact flexibility and notch sensitivity are obviously better than the forging state reported in document and as cast condition Ti-6Al-4V alloy.
Embodiment result shows, adopt the method to prepare and there is labyrinth Ti-6Al-4V three-dimensional structure, technique is simple, cost is low, be applicable to commercial scale to produce in enormous quantities, the Ti-6Al-4V three-dimensional structure obtained has high-tensile, high tenacity, high fatigue property, high impact-resistance, has boundless application prospect in medical treatment and aerospace field.
Claims (10)
1. a method for electron beam Quick-forming Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part, it is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part preparation, with Ti-6Al-4V powder for raw material, adopts electron beam melting rapid metallic prototyping technique to prepare Ti-6Al-4V block 3-dimensional metal part;
(2) Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part hip treatment, carries out hip treatment to Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part at 800 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C;
(3) Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part heat treatment, to Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part 700 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C carry out annealing in process and 400 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C carry out Ageing Treatment, the final Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part obtaining excellent mechanical performance.
2. according to the method for electron beam Quick-forming Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), first at substrate surface uniform spreading one deck Ti-6Al-4V metal dust, then with electron beam, described metal dust is successively melted, deposits in vacuum chamber, by controlling electron-beam melting technological parameter, stack shaping parameter, until whole 3 d part manufacture completes.
3., according to the method for electron beam Quick-forming Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), Ti-6Al-4V powder is spherical, and diameter is 30 μm ~ 150 μm.
4. according to the method for electron beam Quick-forming Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), the process parameters range of electron beam melting rapid metallic prototyping technique is, electron beam current is 5 ~ 30mA, and sweep speed is 1000 ~ 20000mm/s.
5. according to the method for electron beam Quick-forming Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, for ensureing 3 d part global tissue and mechanical property evenly, part initial formation height should control at distance substrate 10mm ~ 30mm.
6. according to the method for electron beam Quick-forming Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, for ensureing 3 d part global tissue and mechanical property evenly, making stacked direction perpendicular to orientation substrate as far as possible.
7. according to the method for electron beam Quick-forming Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, for ensureing 3 d part global tissue and mechanical property evenly, part wall thickness should be greater than 2mm.
8. according to the method for electron beam Quick-forming Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (2), the design parameter of Ti-6Al-4V high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) is: high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) heating-up temperature is 800 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C, temperature retention time is 1 ~ 3h, institute's plus-pressure is 100 ~ 200MPa, and the type of cooling is that stove is cold.
9. according to the method for electron beam Quick-forming Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (3), the heat treatment of Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part adopts the heat treatment of two-phase section two step, and concrete steps are:
(1) two-phase section annealing in process;
(2) two-phase section Ageing Treatment.
10., according to the method for electron beam Quick-forming Ti-6Al-4V 3-dimensional metal part according to claim 9, it is characterized in that:
Described two-phase section annealing in process device therefor is vacuum heat treatment furnace, and heat treatment temperature is 700 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 1 ~ 3h, and cooling velocity is 1 ~ 3 DEG C/min;
Described two-phase section Ageing Treatment device therefor is vacuum heat treatment furnace, and heat treatment temperature is 400 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 1 ~ 3h, and cooling velocity is 8 ~ 15 DEG C/min.
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| CN105562694A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-11 | 中国钢研科技集团有限公司 | Hot isostatic pressing three-control method suitable for additive manufacturing parts |
| CN105834431A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-10 | 西安欧中材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-uniformity Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder metallurgic block |
| CN106312060A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2017-01-11 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Preparation method for high-performance low-modulus medical titanium alloy three-dimensional metal part |
| CN107234240A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-10-10 | 西安欧中材料科技有限公司 | A kind of electron beam powdering of use SS PREP Ti6Al4V spherical powders increases the manufacture method of material |
| CN107695350A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-16 | 西北有色金属研究院 | The method that TiAl alloy component is prepared based on electron beam 3D printing technique |
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