CN104542007B - One-year forming type fortunella venosa potted plant quick production technique - Google Patents
One-year forming type fortunella venosa potted plant quick production technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN104542007B CN104542007B CN201410744418.3A CN201410744418A CN104542007B CN 104542007 B CN104542007 B CN 104542007B CN 201410744418 A CN201410744418 A CN 201410744418A CN 104542007 B CN104542007 B CN 104542007B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of potting plants, and particularly relates to a one-year forming type fortunella venosa potted plant quick production technique. The manufacturing process comprises the following steps of (1) scion and grafting: at the mid-to-late of March each year, selecting fortunella venosa young branches as grafts, and grafting at the current day or next day, with grafting height of 6-8cm; (2) stock planting: using one-year-old fructus aurantii as a stock, and planting the stock in a matrix which contains peat moil, loess and perlite according to the ratio of 5:3:2; (3) managing in nutrient growth period; (4) managing in propagation growth period; (5) potting: in October to November, putting the plant into a pot before the color of the fruit is changed; (6) shaping and managing. The one-year forming type fortunella venosa potted plant quick production technique has the advantages that by combining the cultivating management technique and the bonsai shaping technique, the quick production and one-year forming of the miniature potted plant are realized, the cycle bottleneck of the manufacturing of woody potted plants is overcome, and the development of the potted plant industry is favorably promoted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to potted plant production field, and in particular to a kind of 1 year potted plant quick production technology of golden beans of shaping.
Background technology
Golden beans are Rutaceae kumquat platymiscium, evergreen dwarf shrub, and branch is more, resistance to pruning, rudiment ability are strong;NATURAL DISTRIBUTION in
Lin Cengzhong lower floors and border, more resistance to concealment;Can bloom in the anniversary simultaneously, fruit Exocarpium Citri Rubrum does not fall through the winter, and ornamental character is high, receives deeply
Consumer likes, is preferable pot material.
Traditional woody potted plant making need at least 2-3 could be molded, and tree-like larger, should not make Miniature pot, see
The woody potted plant manufacture difficulty of fruit is bigger.So that the year tangerine in Shunde Chen Cun flowers and trees base is potted plant as an example, its productive life is mostly
More than 3 years, minimum potted plant height does not reach the miniature effect of dwarfing in more than 45cm, production year limit for length yet, and its product is all
It is only suitable for public open place to put, is not suitable for small space and personal air is put, limitation is larger;The fruit tree basin of Xuzhou
Though cultivation has a large amount of productions, mostly more than 3 years, many production time limits are even more than 8 years its productive life, and Zhang Zunzhong is old
Mr. has by fruit branch before death(And spray)Grafting, made lemon Miniature pot, but its technical difficulty is big, was adapted to personal happiness
It is good, it is not suitable for batch production, its descendant(Disciple)It is material to have using winter haw, carries out Miniature pot making, but can not reach
To 1 year effect of shaping;It is potted plant that Zhejiang has Some Enterprises to produce Buddha's hand by fruit branch graft technology, though then can be into after grafting
Type, but its Buddha's hand sapling needs to cultivate for many years, the fruit branch of grafting is only Modeling Technology, and potted plant tree-like larger, is not reached miniature
Potted plant effect.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided the potted plant quick production of golden beans of shaping in a kind of 1 year
Technology.The present invention uses excellent citrus fruit effect plant(Jin Dou)Miniature pot is carried out quickly to produce(It is molded within 1 year), realize
The production technology of Miniature pot is made using woody, use limitation and system that the large-scale woody sight fruit bowl of tradition is planted is breached
Make time technical bottleneck long.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that:
1 year potted plant quick production technology of golden beans of shaping, comprises the following steps:
(1)Scion and grafting:In annual mid or late March, the differentiated branch of selection is sturdy, and perula is full, dark green
Golden beans spray carried out grafting as scion in the same day or next day, and grafting height is 6-8cm;
(2)Stock is planted:Stock is done using annual Fructus Aurantii, stock is planted in peat soil:Loess:Perlite is 5:3:2
Matrix in;
(3)Nutrient growth period management:Including sprouting to bud picking, pinching, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control in period of branching out, spray is to aging
The tree-like control in period;
(4)Reproductive growth period management:Including bud expand to flowering period, bloom to result period, bear fruit to fruit into
The management in ripe period;
(5)Upper basin:Basin was carried out before the 10-11 months, fruit annesl;
(6)Moulding is managed.
Step(3)It is described tree-like to be controlled to:For only taking out 1 golden beans of branch, plucked at 3-4 bud of grafting base portion
The heart, promotes lateral bud growth, forms plant type;For taking out the 2-3 golden beans of branch, moulding arrangement is carried out to branch, carry out pinching;It is right
In the branch number taken out more than 3, retain the 2-3 branch that viewing location is good, growing way is excellent, remaining all cuts along grafting base portion
Fall.
Step(4)Described in bud expand to the management of flowering period and include bud picking, pinching, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, tree-like
Control, apply fertilizer, water;Described fertilising is to apply composite fertilizer 2-3g at the bud initial stage of expanding.
Step(4)Described in bear fruit to fruit maturation period management include fertilising, described fertilising is in August first arrival
Early or mid November, each moon applies composite fertilizer 2-3g in root.
Step(6)Described moulding management includes branch control, flower and fruit management, blade management.
Step(2)Stock to use bore be the nutrient bag of 8-10cm when planting, convenient basin of going up from now on is transplanted.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1)Realize woody potted plant miniaturization:The present invention carries out potted plant making by material of golden beans, realizes miniature basin
The mass production of cultivation, obtained Miniature pot be adapted to be placed in all kinds of small spaces such as desk, desk, private display rack and
Personal air, also is adapted for favorites, with good Social benefit and economic benefit, wide market;
2)Production is quick, shaping in a year:The tradition woody potted plant production cycle is commonly 2-3, is difficult to break through in time.
The present invention combines cultivation management technology and Potted Landscape Modelling technology, realizes Miniature pot and quickly produces, is molded within 1 year, breaches wood
The cycle bottleneck of this potted plant making, is conducive to promoting the development of potted plant industry.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the potted plant picture of golden beans obtained in embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
The present invention further illustrates the present invention with the following example, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following reality
Apply example.
Embodiment 1
2013, seminar, in the basin of Fujian Academy fruit tree institute Pu innovation orchard grafting 3, succeeded in late March.
Specifically manufacturing process is:
(1)Scion:The selection good healthy and strong plant of growing way, selection branch is sturdy, and perula is full, dark green spray is used as connecing
Fringe, scion adopt it is lower after remove all blades, and moisturizing, Fuzhou area is adopted fringe and is carried out in annual mid or late March fair weather, and
Same day grafting is complete;
(2)Stock is cultivated:Stock is done using annual Fructus Aurantii, stock should be healthy and strong, tree-like short strong, and base portion is thick, and leaf color is dense
It is green, grow vigorous;Same series-produced stock should try one's best the selection consistent plant of each side, be beneficial to grafting management in the future and batch
Quantify production;Stock carries out moulding cultivation while cultivation, to increase potted plant sight, such as inclines, bends;Stock is cultivated
Ought to mass with place;Stock is planted in the nutritive cube of bore 8cm;
(3)Grafting:Stock is planted in peat soil:Loess:Perlite=5:3:In 2 matrix, at the liftoff 7cm of stock
Grafting, graft position should be selected during grafting according to stock shape;
(4)Nutrient growth period management:
A. after grafting to sprouting:Suitably water, keep stock growth;
B. sprout to branching out:Bud picking:Erase the sprouting grown on stock;Water:Suitably water, keep matrix moistening
;The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:The insect pests such as this season wood louse, Liriomyza are more, answer appropriate spraying insecticide to carry out prevention and control;
C. spray is to aging:1st, bud picking, pinching, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control reference is sprouted to the management process branched out;2nd, water:
It is more excellent in plant growing way, during tree-like first one-step forming, should reduce and water, promote reproductive growth;3rd, apply fertilizer:Should be long according to plant
Gesture, a small amount of composite fertilizer is imposed in root, and single-dose application amount is no more than 5g, prevents burn seedlings;4th, tree-like control:Golden beans go out a quantity not
Together, from 1 to many;For only smoking 1 branch, should the pinching at 3-4 bud of grafting base portion, promote lateral bud growth,
To form plant type as early as possible;For smoking 2-3 branch, moulding arrangement should be carried out to branch, and pinching is carried out with reference to 5.2;For
Many branches are smoked, the 2-3 branch that viewing location is good, growing way is excellent should be retained, remaining all cuts along grafting base portion;In control type
Aspect, should try one's best and take consistent treatment, to keep the uniformity of product, aspect management;Special good resource, it is also possible to carry out spy
Different moulding;
(5)Reproductive growth period management:
A. bud is expanded to blooming:Bud picking, pinching, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the management of tree-like control reference vegetative growth phase;
Fertilising:Composite fertilizer 2-3g is applied at the bud initial stage of expanding, promotes plant strain growth;Water:Reinforcement is watered, it is ensured that water needed for plant strain growth
Point, keep matrix moistening;
B. bloom to result:1st, bud picking, pinching, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the management of tree-like control reference vegetative growth phase;2、
Fertilising:This stage need not apply fertilizer;3rd, water:Should suitably be reduced in full-bloom stage and watered, promote to bear fruit;
C. bear fruit to fruit maturation:1st, bud picking, pinching, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the pipe of tree-like control reference vegetative growth phase
Reason;2nd, apply fertilizer:This stage is August first arrival early or mid November, is fruit growth period;Each moon sails composite fertilizer 2-3g into root
;3rd, water:This stage, most of gold bean seedlings were taken root to seedbed, and water demand is not strict, matrix is more dry and fertilising
After watered;
(6)Upper basin:Before upper basin, the pattern of basin, planting location according to tree-like design purpose moulding, should be determined before upper basin, is covered
Lid matrix and supporting scenery etc.;Planting pot internal diameter 10-12cm, depth 6-8cm, after the seedling in nutrient bag is put into, periphery residue 1cm
Left and right, planting pot moulding can variation;Prepare planting matrix simultaneously, using peat soil:Loess:Perlite=5:3:2 base
Matter;Should be specifically noted that plant views and admires the direction in face and to be viewed and admired facing to consistent with basin, scenery during upper basin;Plant is cut before upper basin
Under take root and be, plant plantation plantation height, if soil ball face is too high, should be peeled off with basin along concordant or lower slightly 0.5-1cm;On
Peel nutritive cube before basin off, and eliminate the matrix that will be loosely come off on original soil ball, the planting location of basin is then put into, by pre-determined bit
Put and direction is planted;Conserved after upper basin;
(7)Moulding is managed:
A. branch control:Sprout moulding is carried out using green iron wire, face is viewed and admired in making;Branch should be noted that full tree when controlling
Shape is moulded, and single branch obeys moulded needs;
B. flower and fruit management:1st, the management of flower:If plant is smaller again, bud has been formed, and should be erased bud, promotes branch
Growth, after most of branch is all aging, bud is completely set by being formed, and is conducive to full tree result;2nd, the management of fruit:For the first time from
After right shedding, appropriate fruit thinning can be carried out according to Different Results position fruit amount, fruitlet in the fruit for flocking together be cut, it is ensured that fruit is sent out
It is bred as ripe;Miniature golden beans are potted plant based on sight fruit, in the place without fruit, can be adjusted by drawing the modes such as branch, it is impossible to
Adjustment, can only view and admire face and the treatment of the upper basin in later stage by adjustment to cover this flaw;
C. blade management:Mainly after upper basin is qualitative, part overlaid is lived the blade removal of fruit, to highlight the golden beans of full tree
Beauty;
Obtained potted plant size is:30cm high, wherein basin 10cm high, as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 2
2014, seminar was again in late March in the basin of Fujian Academy fruit tree institute Pu innovation orchard grafting 30,2014
December gold beans well-grown, basin is gone up in shaping of having born fruit, part.
Method of the preparation method with reference to embodiment 1.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all impartial changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with
Modification, should all belong to covering scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. the potted plant quick production technology of golden beans being molded for a year, it is characterised in that:Comprise the following steps:
(1)Scion and grafting:In annual mid or late March, the differentiated branch of selection is sturdy, and perula is full, dark green golden beans
Spray carried out grafting as scion in the same day or next day, and grafting height is 6-8cm;
(2)Stock is planted:Stock is done using annual Fructus Aurantii, stock is planted in peat soil:Loess:Perlite is 5:3:2 base
In matter;
(3)Nutrient growth period management:Including sprouting to bud picking, pinching, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control in period of branching out, spray to aging period
Tree-like control;It is described tree-like to be controlled to:For only taking out 1 golden beans of branch, the pinching at 3-4 bud of grafting base portion promotees
Enter lateral bud growth, form plant type;For taking out the 2-3 golden beans of branch, moulding arrangement is carried out to branch, carry out pinching;For taking out
Branch number more than 3, retain viewing location is good, growing way is excellent 2-3 branch, remaining all cuts along grafting base portion;
(4)Reproductive growth period management:Including bud expand to flowering period, bloom to result period, bear fruit to fruit maturation when
The management of phase;
Described bud is expanded to the management of flowering period to be included bud picking, pinching, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, tree-like control, applies fertilizer, pours
Water, described fertilising is to apply composite fertilizer 2-3g at the bud initial stage of expanding;
The described management beared fruit to fruit maturation period includes fertilising, and described fertilising is in August first arrival early or mid November, often
Composite fertilizer 2-3g is applied in root within one month;
(5)Upper basin:Basin was carried out before the 10-11 months, fruit annesl;
(6)Moulding is managed:Including branch control, flower and fruit management, blade management.
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CN105123312B (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2017-10-03 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of potted plant skill heat treatment method of Ornamental fruit trees using Fructus Aurantii as stock |
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CN102124893B (en) * | 2010-12-25 | 2012-05-23 | 河南科技大学 | Method for cultivating minitype potted peonies |
CN102172190B (en) * | 2011-02-12 | 2012-11-21 | 唐兆青 | Cultivation method of apple bonsai realizing current-year fruiting and market-selling in Spring Festival |
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CN104067822B (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2015-12-09 | 福建金森林业股份有限公司 | A kind of bent dry type downgrades the breeding method of crape myrtle |
CN104126417A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-11-05 | 安徽美心生态园林有限公司 | Osmanthus shaping method |
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Granted publication date: 20170524 Termination date: 20191209 |