CN104488524B - A kind of bio-diversity tea place construction method - Google Patents
A kind of bio-diversity tea place construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104488524B CN104488524B CN201410801525.5A CN201410801525A CN104488524B CN 104488524 B CN104488524 B CN 104488524B CN 201410801525 A CN201410801525 A CN 201410801525A CN 104488524 B CN104488524 B CN 104488524B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of bio-diversity tea place construction method, i.e. by planting Saurauia tristyla DC. var. oldhamii (Hemsl.) Finet & Gagncp., staying foster arbor type Camellia sinensis to reach the effect of shading in tea place in tea place；In tea place, also interplant the green manure crops such as mushroom, beans, white turnip, increase soil fertility；Use agricultural and biological measure to prevent and treat tea place disease pest and weed simultaneously.Make tea place present upper water Fructus Benincasae to shade tree, middle level arbor type Gu Camellia sinensis, lower floor's Ecological Tea Gardens, the stereo ecological structure of community of bottom weeds green manure, it is established that rational in infrastructure, the Tea plantation complex ecosystem of function-stable.Solving that tea place applying pesticides, chemical fertilizer etc. cause pesticide residues to exceed standard, bio-diversity declines, Folium Camelliae sinensis food safety such as is compromised at the problem.Improving tea place yield, ensure tea quality, tea leaf quality arrives and organises.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the construction method in a kind of bio-diversity tea place.
Background technology
At present, the kind tea pattern in major part tea district of China is the pattern of " single kind of tea ", will all open up wasteland kind of a tea in full wafer soil, and tea tree breed is single, not only reduces effective utilization in soil, Camellia sinensis system perennial evergreen crop, and the more general farmland of phase weather, garden is stable.In tea place, Camellia sinensis is the unique dependent of insect society, therefore the less stable of insect society.And the whole ecological environment in tea district and the physiological function of Camellia sinensis are easily lacked of proper care, Nutrient Cycling is poor, and soil fertility declines, and tea place diseases and insect pests resistance reduces, and causes Folium Camelliae sinensis inclusions to reduce, and tea yield reduces, quality decline.Needing to use chemical fertilizer, pesticide in a large number, Pesticide Residues in Tea may be caused to exceed standard, Folium Camelliae sinensis food safety is compromised.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to the construction method in a kind of bio-diversity tea place, tea place is made to present the stereo ecological structure of community of " upper water Fructus Benincasae is shaded tree; middle level arbor type Camellia sinensis, lower floor's Ecological Tea Gardens, bottom weeds green manure ", it is established that rational in infrastructure, the Tea plantation complex ecosystem of function-stable.Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of bio-diversity tea place construction method, it is characterised in that upper strata be Saurauia tristyla DC. var. oldhamii (Hemsl.) Finet & Gagncp. shade tree, middle level be arbor type Camellia sinensis, lower floor be Ecological Tea Gardens, bottom be the stereo ecological Community Species implant model of weeds and green manure crop.
Preferably, every mu of plantation Saurauia tristyla DC. var. oldhamii (Hemsl.) Finet & Gagncp. shades and sets 36-42 strain, and spacing in the rows is 18-23 rice；Every mu of plantation arbor type Camellia sinensis 65-80 strain, spacing in the rows is 13-17 rice, and tree of shading is maintained at 1.2-2.0 rice with the spacing of adjacent Camellia sinensis, and degree of shading is 35%-40%；Camellia sinensis cuts off ground all of the above branch away from position, 78 centimetres of ground, with irritate collar portion resting bud take out send out a shoot.
Preferably, the tea shoot strain of high more than 20 centimetres of Ecological Tea Gardens planting-nursery ground growth, Ecological Tea Gardens height is maintained at liftoff 70-80 centimetre.
Preferably, the green manure crop at tea plant intercrop is mushroom, beans or white turnip；Weeds dig and are embedded in tea place.
Preferably, bigger perennial root or perennial undershrub are thoroughly removed.
The present invention is by planting Saurauia tristyla DC. var. oldhamii (Hemsl.) Finet & Gagncp., manually staying foster arbor type Camellia sinensis to reach the effect of shading in tea place in tea place；In tea place, interplant the green manure crops such as mushroom, beans, white turnip simultaneously, improve Pure tea garden ecological environment and easily induce that insect pest is rampant and the disadvantage brought；Intensity of illumination and hydrothermal condition in tea place are also improved, and make growth of tea plant luxuriant, output increased, and the output value increases；Corresponding tea place ecological environment changes, its animal, microorganism, insecticide change the most therewith, being become tea woods complex ecosystem by the most single tea place system, animal community is also the new structure of community that Insects in Tea Gardens, forestry insects group form by single insect communities in tea gardens structural transformation.Influencing each other between various insecticides, mutually restricting, the biological chain of formation, food chain are the most complicated, perfect, and the probability that population fulminant increases is substantially reduced.In the case of ensureing that basic garden, tea place is mutually, utilize principle and the method for bio-diversity, by tea place and the configuration of Plant Diversity, improve the liquid manure ability of soil and improve ecological environment, the intrasystem animal diversity in regulation tea place, it is established that rational in infrastructure, the Tea plantation complex ecosystem of function-stable.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1: reconstruct on the basis of conventional tea plantation, plants Saurauia tristyla DC. var. oldhamii (Hemsl.) Finet & Gagncp. and shades tree around tea place and in tea place, every mu of 36-42 strain, spacing in the rows is about 20 meters；Manually staying foster arbor type Camellia sinensis, every mu of 65-80 strain in tea place, spacing in the rows is about 15 meters；The tree of shading of plantation is maintained at 1.2-2.0 rice with the spacing of adjacent Camellia sinensis, and degree of shading is about 35%；By deepling prune, the mode such as pruning, deep pruning deeply, tea place height is maintained at liftoff 70 80 centimetres.The plantation height tea shoot of more than 20 centimetres between Saurauia tristyla DC. var. oldhamii (Hemsl.) Finet & Gagncp. tree and Camellia sinensis, every mu with tea shoot 1600-1800 strain, green manure crops such as tea row interplant mushroom, beans, white turnips, density is advisable not affecting growth of tea plant.The plantation mycetocyte of mushroom, bean bar, white turnip etc. dig shallow embedding in tea place, are used for supplementing soil liquid manure；Control of weeds mainly uses the most shallow mode removed, harmful and favourable duality of weeds it is accounted in preventing and treating, Camellia sinensis is endangered bigger perennial root or perennial undershrub thoroughly to be removed, and general weeds need not all be turned over and remove, low-density weeds will not constitute impact to growth of tea plant, is conducive on the contrary conserving water and soil.
Embodiment 2: reconstruct on the basis of conventional tea plantation, plants Saurauia tristyla DC. var. oldhamii (Hemsl.) Finet & Gagncp. and shades tree around tea place and in tea place, every mu of 38-42 strain, spacing in the rows is about 20 meters；Planting arbor type Camellia sinensis in tea place, every mu of 65-70 strain, spacing in the rows is about 15 meters；The tree of shading of plantation is maintained at 1.2-1.8 rice with the spacing of adjacent Camellia sinensis, and degree of shading is about 37%；By deepling prune, the mode such as pruning, deep pruning deeply, tea place height is maintained at liftoff 70 80 centimetres.The plantation height tea shoot of more than 30 centimetres between Saurauia tristyla DC. var. oldhamii (Hemsl.) Finet & Gagncp. tree and Camellia sinensis, every mu with tea shoot 1700-1800 strain, green manure crops such as tea row interplant mushroom, beans, white turnips, density is advisable not affecting growth of tea plant.The plantation mycetocyte of mushroom, bean bar, white turnip etc. dig shallow embedding in tea place, are used for supplementing soil liquid manure；Control of weeds mainly uses the most shallow mode removed, harmful and favourable duality of weeds it is accounted in preventing and treating, Camellia sinensis is endangered bigger perennial root or perennial undershrub thoroughly to be removed, and general weeds need not all be turned over and remove, low-density weeds will not constitute impact to growth of tea plant, is conducive on the contrary conserving water and soil.
Table 1 is the yield and output value comparable situation using the present invention program with the old tea place of tradition, and table 2 is to use the present invention program and tradition old insect communities in tea gardens eigenvalue comparable situation.
Table 1
Unit: kg/acre, unit/mu
Table 2
Result shows: the present invention makes tea place yield and output value be improved.
Claims (2)
1. a bio-diversity tea place construction method, it is characterised in that: reconstructing on the basis of conventional tea plantation, plant Saurauia tristyla DC. var. oldhamii (Hemsl.) Finet & Gagncp. and shade tree around tea place and in tea place, every mu of 36-42 strain, spacing in the rows is 20 meters；Manually staying foster arbor type Camellia sinensis, every mu of 65-80 strain in tea place, spacing in the rows is 15 meters；The tree of shading of plantation is maintained at 1.2-2.0 rice with the spacing of adjacent arbor type Camellia sinensis, and degree of shading is 35%；By deepling prune, deeply prune and deep pruning mode, tea place height is maintained at liftoff 70-80 centimetre；The plantation height tea shoot of more than 20 centimetres between Saurauia tristyla DC. var. oldhamii (Hemsl.) Finet & Gagncp. tree and arbor type Camellia sinensis, every mu with tea shoot 1600-1800 strain, at tea row interplant mushroom, beans and white turnip, density is not to affect growth of tea plant；The plantation bacterium bag of mushroom, bean bar and white turnip dig shallow embedding in tea place, are used for supplementing soil liquid manure；Control of weeds mainly uses the most shallow mode removed, and Camellia sinensis is endangered bigger perennial root undershrub and thoroughly to remove, and need not all turn over general weeds and remove, and low-density weeds will not constitute impact to growth of tea plant, is conducive on the contrary conserving water and soil.
2. a bio-diversity tea place construction method, it is characterised in that: reconstructing on the basis of conventional tea plantation, plant Saurauia tristyla DC. var. oldhamii (Hemsl.) Finet & Gagncp. and shade tree around tea place and in tea place, every mu of 38-42 strain, spacing in the rows is 20 meters；Planting arbor type Camellia sinensis in tea place, every mu of 65-70 strain, spacing in the rows is 15 meters；The tree of shading of plantation is maintained at 1.2-1.8 rice with the spacing of adjacent arbor type Camellia sinensis, and degree of shading is 37%；By deepling prune, deeply prune and deep pruning mode, tea place height is maintained at liftoff 70-80 centimetre；The plantation height tea shoot of more than 30 centimetres between Saurauia tristyla DC. var. oldhamii (Hemsl.) Finet & Gagncp. tree and arbor type Camellia sinensis, every mu with tea shoot 1700-1800 strain, at tea row interplant mushroom, beans and white turnip, density is not to affect growth of tea plant；The plantation bacterium bag of mushroom, bean bar and white turnip dig shallow embedding in tea place, are used for supplementing soil liquid manure；Control of weeds mainly uses the most shallow mode removed, and Camellia sinensis is endangered bigger perennial root undershrub and thoroughly to remove, and need not all turn over general weeds and remove, and low-density weeds will not constitute impact to growth of tea plant, is conducive on the contrary conserving water and soil.
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| CN104488524B true CN104488524B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104838955B (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2017-10-03 | 漳州光照人茶业有限公司 | A kind of tea place interplanting method |
| CN106613640A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-05-10 | 恩施清江茶业有限责任公司 | Planting method suitable for tea garden soil improvement and fertility improvement |
| CN109716982A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-05-07 | 镇江市水木年华现代农业科技有限公司 | A kind of construction method of Ecological Tea Gardens |
| CN107896779A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-04-13 | 丽江市华坪县雨台山茶厂 | A kind of method of High aititude water lacking rate plantation clone tealeaves |
| CN108617589A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-09 | 安徽省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | A kind of eco-agricuhure system |
| CN109757273A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-05-17 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of tea place ecological planting system |
| CN112529352B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2023-08-01 | 广东省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Weed evaluation and classification method suitable for Guangdong tea garden |
| CN112913560A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-08 | 湖州市农业科技发展中心(湖州市农业科学研究院) | Construction method of ecological tea garden |
| CN113557906A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-10-29 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Breeding method of wild ancient tea tree seedlings and making method of wild ancient tea tree seedling tea |
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Address after: 679100 Yunnan city of Baoshan province Tengchong town hot sea eight residential community vault Applicant after: TENGCHONG GAOLIGONGSHAN ECOLOGICAL TEA INDUSTRY CO., LTD. Address before: 679100 Tengchong County of Baoshan City, Yunnan Province town of hot sea vault in Gaoligong Mountain Ecological Tea Factory Applicant before: TENGCHONG GAOLIGONGSHAN ECOLOGICAL TEA INDUSTRY CO., LTD. |
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