CN104475057A - 一种污水处理剂 - Google Patents
一种污水处理剂 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Substances C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- YRNNKGFMTBWUGL-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) perchlorate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O YRNNKGFMTBWUGL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013110 organic ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthalaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002480 Cu-O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000857 drug effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000373 single-crystal X-ray diffraction data Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003403 water pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及污水处理领域，特别涉及一种污水处理剂。一种污水处理剂，由如下重量百分数的组分组成：聚合氯化铝5~10%；三氯化铁8~18%；膨润土5~12%；聚丙烯酸钠5~10%；活性炭1~3%；含铜化合物0.05~0.5%，并用蒸馏水补足至100%，其中，含铜化合物的化学分子式为C28H22O4N4Cu, 所述含铜化合物为正交晶系， Pnna 空间群，晶胞参数为 a =12.738(5) ?， b = 16.714(3) ?， c = 10.383(4) ?， α = β=γ= 90 o，V=2210.57(3) ? 3。本污水处理剂的制作原料来源广泛，能有效去除水中的污染物，处理污水处理彻底、处理成本低，无毒性、无污染，处理后的废水满足国家污水综合排放标准的要求。而且本发明的污水处理剂通过添加新型的含铜化合物，使得其对重金属有更好的吸附能力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及污水处理领域，特别涉及一种污水处理剂。
背景技术
目前，对于水污染的处理方法主要是化学处理法，即通过投放药物处理水污染物。由于水体污染物种类多且混杂，而现在主要使用的水处理剂功能单一，因此必须在水处理***中分别投加絮凝剂、缓蚀剂、杀菌剂等多种药剂、处理工艺流程复杂。设备多，操作过程繁杂，药剂投加量大，费用多，而且多种试剂之间会通过各种化学反应相互抵抗，致使药效降低。而现有的水处理剂，往往对一些重金属离子的吸附能力不强。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种处理重金属能力强的污水处理剂。
一种污水处理剂，由如下重量百分数的组分组成：
聚合氯化铝5~10%；三氯化铁8~18%；膨润土5~12%；聚丙烯酸钠5~10%；活性炭1~3%；含铜化合物0.05~0.5%，并用蒸馏水补足至100%，其中，含铜化合物的化学分子式为C28H22O4N4Cu。
进一步，所述含铜化合物为正交晶系，Pnna空间群，晶胞参数为a=12.738(5) ?，b= 16.714(3) ?，c= 10.383(4) ?，α=β=γ=90 o，V=2210.57(3) ? 3。
上述含铜化合物的制备方法为：将有机配体对苯二甲酸、4,4'-二(4-甲基-1-咪唑基)联苯和高氯酸铜溶于乙腈当中，在室温下搅拌形成混合液，然后将所述混合液在溶剂热条件下加热反应后缓慢降温得到所述含铜化合物。
进一步，所述的加热温度为120℃~140℃，加热反应时间为12~36小时。
进一步，所述的降温为2℃/小时~5℃/小时降至室温。
进一步，述对苯二甲酸、4,4'-二(4-甲基-1-咪唑基)联苯和高氯酸铜的摩尔比为1~3:1~3:1。
进一步优选的，所述对苯二甲酸、4,4'-二(4-甲基-1-咪唑基)联苯和高氯酸铜的摩尔比优选为1:1:1。
其中，所述4,4'-二(4-甲基-1-咪唑基)联苯的化学结构式如下所示：
本发明具有如下有益效果：
本污水处理剂的制作原料来源广泛，能有效去除水中的污染物，处理污水处理彻底、处理成本低，无毒性、无污染，处理后的废水满足国家污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)的要求。而且本发明的污水处理剂通过添加新型的含铜化合物，使得其对重金属有更好的吸附能力。
附图说明
图1为本发明的含铜化合物以金属中心Cu的配位环境图。
图2为本发明的含铜化合物的三维结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细的说明，实施例仅是本发明的优选实施方式，不是对本发明的限定。
实施例1
将0.1 mmol对苯二甲酸、0.1 mmol4,4'-二(4-甲基-1-咪唑基)联苯和0.1 mmol高氯酸铜溶于15mL乙腈溶剂当中，在室温下搅拌形成混合液，然后将所述混合液置入25mL反应釜中在溶剂热130℃条件下加热反应24小时后以5℃/小时降至室温得到所述的含铜化合物，产率为67.2% (基于Cu)。
然后将上述化合物进行结构表征。
该化合物的X射线衍射数据是在Bruker Smart Apex CCD面探衍射仪上，用MoKα辐射(λ = 0.71073 ?)，以ω扫描方式收集并进行Lp因子校正，吸收校正使用SADABS程序。用直接法解结构，然后用差值傅立叶法求出全部非氢原子坐标，并用理论加氢法得到氢原子位置(C?H 1.083 ?)，用最小二乘法对结构进行修正。计算工作在PC机上用SHELXTL程序包完成。化合物晶体学参数见表1。结构见图1，图2。
表1. 晶体学参数与结构解析
单晶X射线衍射数据表明该含铜化合物属于正交晶系，Pnna空间群，其中，每个不对称单元包含一个铜原子，一个对苯二甲酸分子和一个4,4'-二(4-甲基-1-咪唑基)联苯分子（如图1所示）。每个Cu原子采用四面体配位模式，分别与两个对苯二甲酸上的两个O（Cu-O键长为1.998(3)?），两个4,4'-二(4-甲基-1-咪唑基)联苯分子上的两个N（Cu-N键长为2.052(4)?）分别配位。每四个相邻的Cu原子连接形成四面体的四个顶点。每个对苯二甲酸分子分别桥联两个Cu原子，每个4,4'-二(4-甲基-1-咪唑基)联苯分子分别与两个Cu原子，最终形成了独特的三维网络结构（如图2所示），而孔道中咪唑环上的氮原子则有利于重金属离子的吸附。
实施例2
将0.15 mmol对苯二甲酸、0.3 mmol4,4'-二(4-甲基-1-咪唑基)联苯和0.1 mmol高氯酸铜溶于15mL乙腈溶剂当中，在室温下搅拌形成混合液，然后将所述混合液置入25mL反应釜中在溶剂热120℃条件下加热反应36小时后以2℃/小时降至室温得到所述的含铜化合物，产率为54.1% (基于Cu)。
实施例3
将0.3 mmol对苯二甲酸、0.2 mmol4,4'-二(4-甲基-1-咪唑基)联苯和0.1 mmol高氯酸铜溶于15mL乙腈溶剂当中，在室温下搅拌形成混合液，然后将所述混合液置入25mL反应釜中在溶剂热140℃条件下加热反应12小时后以4℃/小时降至室温得到所述的含铜化合物，产率为60.2% (基于Cu)。
实施例4
一种污水处理剂，由如下重量百分数的组分组成：
聚合氯化铝8%；三氯化铁12%；膨润土8%；聚丙烯酸钠7%；活性炭2%；实施例1中的含铜化合物0.3%，并用蒸馏水补足至100%。
实施例5
一种污水处理剂，由如下重量百分数的组分组成：
聚合氯化铝5.5%；三氯化铁18%；膨润土6%；聚丙烯酸钠10%；活性炭1%；实施例1中的含铜化合物0.5%，并用蒸馏水补足至100%。
实施例6
一种污水处理剂，由如下重量百分数的组分组成：
聚合氯化铝10%；三氯化铁8%；膨润土12%；聚丙烯酸钠5.5%；活性炭3%；实施例1中的含铜化合物0.1%，并用蒸馏水补足至100%。
对比例
一种污水处理剂，由如下重量百分数的组分组成：
聚合氯化铝10%；三氯化铁8%；膨润土12%；聚丙烯酸钠5.5%；活性炭3%；并用蒸馏水补足至100%。
然后将本发明实施例的污水处理剂和对比例的污水处理剂的用于某电镀厂的污水处理，然后将处理后的污水用GB8978-1996里的标准进行相关测试。测试结果如下表所示。
表2处理后污水的重金属含量表
经过本发明的污水处理剂使得处理后的污水处理彻底、处理成本低，无毒性、无污染，处理后的废水满足国家污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)的要求。而且本发明的污水处理剂和对比例相比具有更好的重金属吸附能力。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制，但凡采用等同替换或等效变换的形式所获得的技术方案，均应落在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种污水处理剂，其特征在于，由如下重量百分数的组分组成：
聚合氯化铝5~10%；
三氯化铁8~18%；
膨润土5~12%；
聚丙烯酸钠5~10%；
活性炭1~3%；
含铜化合物0.05~0.5%，
并用蒸馏水补足至100%，
其中，含铜化合物的化学分子式为C28H22O4N4Cu。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种污水处理剂，其特征在于，所述含铜化合物为正交晶系，Pnna空间群，晶胞参数为a=12.738(5) ?，b= 16.714(3) ?，c= 10.383(4) ?，α=β=γ=90 o，V=2210.57(3) ? 3。
3.权利要求1所述的含铜化合物的制备方法，其特征在于：将有机配体对苯二甲酸、4,4'-二(4-甲基-1-咪唑基)联苯和高氯酸铜溶于乙腈当中，在室温下搅拌形成混合液，然后将所述混合液在溶剂热条件下加热反应后缓慢降温得到所述含铜化合物。
4.根据权利要求3所述的含铜化合物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的加热温度为120℃~140℃，加热反应时间为12~36小时。
5.根据权利要求3所述的含铜化合物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的降温为2℃/小时~5℃/小时降至室温。
6.根据权利要求3所述的含铜化合物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述对苯二甲酸、4,4'-二(4-甲基-1-咪唑基)联苯和高氯酸铜的摩尔比为1~3:1~3:1。
7.根据权利要求6所述的含铜化合物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述对苯二甲酸、4,4'-二(4-甲基-1-咪唑基)联苯和高氯酸铜的摩尔比优选为1:1:1。
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