CN104458594A - System and method for simultaneously detecting quality parameters of raw meat from multiple points - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of detection and provides a system for simultaneously detecting quality parameters of raw meat from multiple points. The system comprises a conveying unit for conveying a raw meat sample, a distance measuring unit, a plurality of bifurcated optical fibers, a first spectrograph, a second spectrograph, a processor and a light source, wherein the conveying unit comprises a height adjusting device and a tray located at the top of the height adjusting device; the distance measuring unit is connected with the processor; probes of the plurality of optical fibers are fixed by a multi-probe positioning clamping part; and a receiving optical fiber in each optical fiber is connected with the first spectrograph and the second spectrograph respectively by circular rotary line optical fibers. The invention further provides a method for simultaneously detecting the quality parameters of the raw meat from the multiple points. According to the system and the method for simultaneously detecting the quality parameters of the raw meat from the multiple points, provided by the invention, multi-point diffuse reflection light signals of the sample enter the spectrographs once by the circular rotary line optical fibers; and the system only needs one set of spectrographs, and equipment is simple, convenient and compact.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to detection field, be specifically related to a kind of system and method utilizing spectroscopy procedures to detect fresh meat quality.
Background technology
Along with rapid economic development, living standards of the people improve, and market constantly increases the demand of the fresh meats such as pig, cattle and sheep, and the quality of consumer to fresh meat is paid close attention to more.The parameter embodying fresh meat quality comprises the content of the color of meat, pH value, tenderness, succulence, moisture and fat, protein and heat etc.The nineties, there is scholar (M ITSUMOTO M J et.al, Nearinfrared spectroscopy determination of physical and chemicalcharacteristics in beef cuts [J] .Journal of Food Science, 1991,56 (6): 149321496.) the physics and chemistry characteristic utilizing near-infrared spectrum analysis beef to cut meat is reported, and the research of application near-infrared reflection pattern analysis beef intramuscular fat content.Near-infrared spectrum technique, at the development comparative maturity in this field, all has relevant application example to different types of fresh meat.(using Fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy detects intramuscular fat in fresh pork, protein and moisture to Liu Wei etc. fast, raise pigs, 2005, (3)) apply using Fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy and detect intramuscular fat, protein and moisture, in fresh pork and fresh chicken meat, all establish good model respectively.Whether the quality of fresh meat quality and property meet the standard of China and the world, directly have influence on quality of life and the health of consumer, and have a strong impact on China's fresh meat selling price at home and abroad.
Traditional fresh meat quality detecting method mainly contains hedonic scoring system and physico-chemical analysis method.Photosensitive assessment method needs to train evaluating member, and evaluation result is affected by the technical merit of evaluating member and experience etc. easily.Physico-chemical analysis method wastes time and energy, and has destructiveness to sample.
Current fresh meat quality lossless audio coding system is in order to multiple spot detection is to improve accuracy of detection, and a kind of mode uses many furcation areas optical fiber, multiple light source and overlaps spectrometer more, and every furcation area optical fiber is connected with a set of spectrometer respectively; Another kind of mode uses many furcation areas optical fiber, multiple light source, a set of spectrometer and an optical fiber wheel multiplexer, and multiple light source is connected with multiplexer light source entrance, and the lighting fiber of bifurcation fiber exports with multiplexer light source and is connected.The first on-line checkingi mode cost is higher, and the second on-line checkingi mode makes the detection time of single sample longer due to the time interval of fibre multiplexer switchable optical path.
Summary of the invention
For this area Problems existing, the object of the invention is to propose the system that a kind of fresh meat Q factor multiple spot detects simultaneously.Fresh meat quality multiple spot provided by the invention is spectrum nondestructive detection system simultaneously, in order to solve the technical matters that in prior art, online Non-Destructive Testing cost is high and detection time is longer.
Another object of the present invention is the method that a kind of fresh meat Q factor multiple spot of proposition detects simultaneously.
The technical scheme realizing the object of the invention is:
The system that fresh meat Q factor multiple spot detects simultaneously, comprises the supply unit of conveying fresh meat sample, range cells, many furcation areas optical fiber, the first spectrometer and the second spectrometer, processor, light source;
Described supply unit comprises arrangement for adjusting height, is positioned at the pallet at arrangement for adjusting height top, and described range cells is connected by expanding mouth with processor;
Described bifurcation fiber has 2-8 root, and the probe Multi probe positioning clamping parts of optical fiber are fixed, and two reception optical fiber of every furcation area optical fiber turn linear light fibre by circle and are connected on the first spectrometer and the second spectrometer;
Described pallet and Multi probe positioning clamping parts surround closed dark situation; Described light source is positioned at directly over Multi probe positioning clamping parts;
Described first spectrometer is connected by USB data line with described processor with the second spectrometer; Described first spectrometer is connected by line synchro with the second spectrometer.
Described first spectrometer is connected by control line with multiple halogen tungsten lamp light source.
Wherein, described supply unit is the cycloconveyor belt and the arrangement for adjusting height that comprise conveying sample levels movement, and described arrangement for adjusting height comprises the driving tray vertically stepper motor of movement, screw pair and bound bit switch.
Wherein, described range cells comprises laser displacement sensor, adopts one or more in RS232, RS422, RS485 agreement with the processor communication way of output; In order to multiple laser displacement sensor signal is reached processor, preferably use PCI to turn multiple serial port expanding module, serial ports is selected corresponding with the sensor way of output, can reduce the quantity of processor communication interface.
Wherein, described laser displacement sensor number is consistent with bifurcation fiber number, with the probe (that is, Signal reception position and described fibre-optical probe end face are in same level) in same level of described optical fiber; Laser displacement sensor check point distribution mode consistent with fibre-optical probe distribution mode (a level height, be all annular spread or be all rectangular distribution), described laser displacement sensor and probe are positioned at same level.
Wherein, described first spectrometer and the second spectrometer are all band spectrometer independently of each other, the spectral range of described spectrometer is respectively 300-1100nm and 950-1700nm or in order to detect the more Q factor of fresh meat, the spectral range of described spectrometer is respectively 300-1100nm and 950-2500nm.
Wherein, described light source is multiple halogen tungsten lamp, and each halogen tungsten lamp provides built-in light source for the lighting fiber of every furcation area optical fiber; Described bifurcation fiber is 3 fork optical fiber, and the lighting fiber of optical fiber is connected with described light source;
Further, place optical filter under described halogen tungsten lamp, optical filter adopts band pass filter, filters out the spectroscopic data beyond two spectrometer receiving spectrum scopes.
Or described light source is external light source, form annular light source by multiple halogen tungsten lamp pearl, each halogen tungsten lamp pearl parameter is consistent; The diameter of annular is greater than sample spectra sensing range, and diameter should ensure that the light within the scope of check point is even.
The method that fresh meat Q factor multiple spot detects simultaneously, the system using the present invention to propose, comprises step:
1) pallet is placed standard diffuse reflectance reference white plate, be conveyed horizontally to below range cells by supply unit, adjustment standard diffuse reflectance reference white plate and distance measuring sensor distance are gauged distance, and described gauged distance is 80-150mm; Read white reference and black reference data and store, taking off blank;
Such as, the optional 120mm of described gauged distance;
2) be placed on pallet by fresh meat sample, multiple laser range sensor to measure on sample respective point to the distance of distance measuring sensor simultaneously, sensor by the data upload that records to processor;
3) multiple distance measuring sensor signal got by processor, determines intermediate distance point, and controls height adjuster, makes the distance of intermediate distance point and probe be gauged distance;
4) after fresh meat height control completes, be conveyed horizontally to below spectra collection by supply unit, light is radiated on sample by light source, and the response signal of sample to light is imported the first spectrometer and the second spectrometer by bifurcation fiber and the round linear optical fiber that turns;
5) spectroscopic data is reached processor by spectrometer, and processor carries out pre-service to spectroscopic data, and preprocess method can use multiplicative scatter correction, variable standardization, level and smooth etc.
6) pretreated spectroscopic data is input to Q factor forecast model and obtains fresh meat quality value; Described fresh meat Q factor comprise in tenderness, water cut, pH value, color, total volatile basic nitrogen one or more.
By step 3) distance adjustment, ensure to have at least in the check point that probe is corresponding one can not be out of focus, have accurate measured value; And other measuring point deviations are minimum.
Further, described method is by multiplicative scatter correction, variable standardization, the method pre-processed spectrum data such as level and smooth; Before Modling model, select method of gradual regression and/or successive projection algorithm, determine the characteristic wavelength that each Q factor characteristic of correspondence wavelength choosing method is chosen; The modeling method that each Q factor uses is multiple linear regression or support vector machine.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
A kind of fresh meat quality multiple spot that the present invention proposes is simultaneously in spectrum nondestructive detection system and method, and turn the fine signal that to be diffused by sample multiple spot of linear light by circle and once enter spectrometer, system only needs a set of spectrometer, and simple equipments is compact.
The present invention places optical filter further under light source, filters out undesired signal; Multiple spot is measured simultaneously, can improve detection efficiency and accuracy.In addition, in system, there is height apparatus for regulating, eliminate the spectroscopic data error because fresh meat air spots causes.Therefore, the system and method in the present invention can reduce system cost, improves detection efficiency and accuracy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The while that Fig. 1 being fresh meat multiple spot, spectrum can't harm the basic procedure schematic diagram of method for quick.
The while that Fig. 2 being fresh meat multiple spot, spectrum can't harm the structural drawing of rapid detection system.Fig. 3 is the connection diagram of 3 fork optical fiber.
Fig. 4 is the connection diagram of embodiment 2 optical fiber.
In figure, 1 is supply unit, and 2 is arrangement for adjusting height, 3 be pallet 4 is range cells, and 5 is Multi probe positioning clamping parts, and 6 is fibre-optical probe, 7 is bifurcation fiber, 8 is light source, and 9 turn linear light fibre for round, and 10 is the first spectrometer, 11 is processor, 12 is USB data line, and 13 is line synchro, and 14 is control line.
Embodiment
Now with following examples, the present invention is described, but is not used for limiting the scope of the invention.The means used in embodiment, if no special instructions, all use the means of this area routine.
Two band of light spectrometers are all that Dutch Ai Wantisi produces, and first band spectrometer model is AvaSpec-ULS2048XL-USB2, second band spectrometer model AvaSpec-NIR256-1.7TEC.
Embodiment 1:
See Fig. 2, the system that fresh meat Q factor multiple spot detects simultaneously, comprise supply unit 1,5 furcation area optical fiber 7, first spectrometer 10 and the second spectrometer, processor 11, the light source 8 of conveying fresh meat sample; First spectrometer 10 is first band spectrometer, and model is AvaSpec-ULS2048XL-USB2, and the second spectrometer is second band spectrometer, model AvaSpec-NIR256-1.7TEC.
Described supply unit comprises arrangement for adjusting height 2, is positioned at the pallet at arrangement for adjusting height top, range cells 4, and described range cells 4 is connected by expanding mouth with processor 2;
Described bifurcation fiber is 3 fork optical fiber (FCR-19IR200-2-ME, Holland Ai Wantisi), there are 5, fibre-optical probe 6 Multi probe positioning clamping parts 5 are fixed, and every root 3 is pitched two of optical fiber and received optical fiber and turn linear light fibre 9 (be that same producer produce with spectrometer) by circle and be connected on the first spectrometer and the second spectrometer; The lighting fiber of optical fiber is connected (see Fig. 3) with described light source 8 is built-in.
Pallet 3 and Multi probe positioning clamping parts 5 surround closed dark situation;
Processor is the computing machine of dress winXP system.First spectrometer 10 is connected by USB data line 12 with processor 11 with the second spectrometer; First spectrometer 10 is connected by line synchro 13 with the second spectrometer.First spectrometer 10 is connected by control line 14 with multiple halogen tungsten lamp light source.
Supply unit 1 comprises cycloconveyor belt and the arrangement for adjusting height 2 of conveying sample levels movement, and described arrangement for adjusting height 2 comprises the driving tray vertically stepper motor of movement, screw pair and bit switch etc. up and down.Supply unit has multiple height adjuster, movement velocity is adjustable.
Range cells 4 comprises laser displacement sensor, and the communication way of output adopts RS232.Use PCI to turn multiple serial port expanding module connection handling device 11, serial ports is selected corresponding with the sensor way of output, can reduce the quantity of processor communication interface.
Circle turns linear light fibre and adopts SMA to be connected with spectrometer connected mode.3 fork optical fiber and circle turn the core diameter 200um of linear light fibre, and the entrance slit width of two band of light spectrometers is 50um, and length is 2000um.Circle turns the centre position being positioned at entrance slit when the fine output optical fibre of linear light is connected with spectrometer.Visible reception optical fiber and near infrared receive optical fiber and are connected the first spectrometer and the second spectrometer respectively.
Described laser displacement sensor has 5, and it is consistent that described laser displacement sensor number and 3 pitches optical fiber number, with the probe of optical fiber in same level; Laser displacement sensor check point horizontal distribution is the same with fibre-optical probe distribution, is all annular spread (instrument sample size, shape also can be arranged to rectangular profile, elliptic systems etc.).
First spectrometer and the second spectrometer are all band spectrometer independently of each other, and the spectral range of described spectrometer is respectively 300-1100nm and 950-1700nm.
Light source is multiple halogen tungsten lamp, and the lighting fiber that each halogen tungsten lamp pitches optical fiber for every root 3 provides built-in light source.Bandpass filter mounting groove is had conveniently filter plate to be installed above, for the unacceptable spectroscopic data of elimination two waveband spectrometer detectors.Halogen tungsten lamp light source has built-in shutter, can realize multiple light courcess dark background preserve simultaneously by processor upper computer software and signal wiring.
Check point circular distribution on sample, fibre-optical probe distribution radius is adjustable, and when detecting sample area and being less (as pork, mutton etc.), radius can select 25mm; When detecting sample area and being larger (as beef), radius can select 35mm;
Light source has built-in shutter, can realize multiple light courcess dark background preserve simultaneously by processor upper computer software and signal wiring.
Embodiment 2
The system of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 identical set, difference adopts FC/PC to be connected for circle turns linear light fibre with spectrometer connected mode; Two spectrometers are all band spectrometer, and its spectral range is 950-2500nm.
Light source is external light source, and use multiple halogen tungsten lamp pearl to form annular light source, each halogen tungsten lamp pearl parameter is consistent; Annular light source annular diameter is greater than sample spectra sensing range, ensures that the light within the scope of check point is even.In three bifurcateds of optical fiber, lighting fiber top cap covers (Fig. 4), the visible optical fiber that receives is connected the first spectrometer and the second spectrometer respectively with near infrared reception optical fiber.
Embodiment 3
Use the system of embodiment 1, the flow process of test fresh meat is shown in Fig. 1.
S1: pallet is placed standard diffuse reflectance reference white plate, be conveyed horizontally to below range cells by supply unit, adjustment blank and distance measuring sensor distance are 120mm (this distance is as gauged distance), read white reference and black reference data, spectra collection software design patterns becomes diffuse reflectance collection pattern; After storage data, white reference and black reference before each sample determination, need not be surveyed;
Be placed on pallet by fresh meat sample, multiple laser range sensor to measure on sample respective point to the distance of distance measuring sensor simultaneously, sensor by the data upload that records to processor;
S2: the intermediate distance of multiple distance measuring sensor signal got by processor and gauged distance is made comparisons, and draws the intermediate distance check point in five check points, controls height adjuster and rises or fall until the spacing of this intermediate distance check point and probe is 120mm;
S3: after fresh meat height control completes, is conveyed horizontally to below spectra collection by supply unit, and light is radiated on sample by light source, and the response signal of sample to light is imported the first spectrometer and the second spectrometer by 3 fork optical fiber and the round linear optical fiber that turns;
S4: spectroscopic data is reached processor by spectrometer, processor carries out pre-service to spectroscopic data, and preprocess method can use multiplicative scatter correction, variable standardization, level and smooth etc.;
S5: pretreated spectroscopic data is input to Q factor forecast model and obtains fresh meat quality value; Described fresh meat Q factor comprise in tenderness, water cut, pH value, color, total volatile basic nitrogen one or more.
Fresh meat sample diffuse reflection spectrum data adopts following formula:
Sample diffuse reflection spectrum data (%)=(spectral intensity measured value-Bai reference intensity value)/(spectral intensity measured value-Hei reference intensity value) x100%
When using said method prediction fresh meat Q factor, need the forecast model first setting up fresh meat Q factor.Model process of establishing is as follows: sample spectral data takes off sample from pallet after obtaining, according to the standard method of measurement measurement quality parameter physics and chemistry value (as measured with reference to GB/T9695.5-88 meat quail pH when pH measures) of corresponding Q factor; Original spectral data carries out pre-service, for eliminating curve of spectrum baseline wander and spectral noise etc. by multiplicative scatter correction, variable standardization, the method such as level and smooth; The characteristic wavelength choosing method such as method of gradual regression, successive projection algorithm can be selected before Modling model to choose the characteristic wavelength of each Q factor; Each Q factor utilizes selected characteristic wavelength that different modeling methods can be used to set up quality prediction model, as multiple linear regression, support vector machine etc.
Below for live fresh pork pH forecast model process of establishing: spectroscopic data original spectrum curve being intercepted 380-1600nm scope, carry out multiplicative scatter correction pre-service, utilize regression models forecast model to be:
pH＝11.98-0.2259×X
394.2+0.5152×X
420.6-0.9185×X
631.2+0.7989×X
671.8
-1.1483×X
356+0.1841×X
1679.8-0.4219×X
1879.6
In formula: the inferior horn of X is designated as wavelength, X
λthe spectroscopic data of af at wavelength lambda after polynary scattering process.
Detection system and method detect fresh meat quality simultaneously to utilize the fresh meat Q factor multiple spot of patent of the present invention, when fibre-optical probe bottom surface and tray bottom gauged distance are (standard white plate of diffuse reflectance+120mm) and the intensity peak of blank reaches 80% of detector saturation value, the integral time of first band spectrometer can be set as 8ms, and the integral time of second band spectrometer can be set as 12ms.Acquisition system uses synchronous mode, and this system sample carries out Spectral acquisition times when multiple spot detects and is only the time of a point on a sample.
Above embodiment is only be described the preferred embodiment of the present invention; not scope of the present invention is limited; under not departing from the present invention and designing the prerequisite of spirit; the various modification that the common engineering technical personnel in this area make technical scheme of the present invention and improvement, all should fall in protection domain that claims of the present invention determine.
Claims (10)
1. the system that simultaneously detects of a fresh meat Q factor multiple spot, it is characterized in that, comprise the supply unit (1) of conveying fresh meat sample, range cells (4), many furcation areas optical fiber (7), the first spectrometer and the second spectrometer, processor (11), light source (8);
Described supply unit comprises arrangement for adjusting height (2), is positioned at the pallet (3) at arrangement for adjusting height top, and described range cells (4) is connected by expanding mouth with processor (2);
Described bifurcation fiber has 2-8 root, the probe (6) of optical fiber is fixed with Multi probe positioning clamping parts (5), and two reception optical fiber of every furcation area optical fiber turn linear light fibre (9) by circle and are connected on the first spectrometer and the second spectrometer;
Described pallet (3) and Multi probe positioning clamping parts (5) surround closed dark situation; Described light source (8) is positioned at directly over Multi probe positioning clamping parts (5), or is connected with described bifurcation fiber;
Described first spectrometer is connected by USB data line (12) with described processor with the second spectrometer; Described first spectrometer is connected by line synchro (13) with the second spectrometer.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described supply unit comprises cycloconveyor belt and the arrangement for adjusting height (2) of conveying sample levels movement, and described arrangement for adjusting height (2) comprises the driving tray vertically stepper motor of movement, screw pair and bound bit switch.
3. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described range cells (4) comprises laser displacement sensor, adopts one or more in RS232, RS422, RS485 agreement with the processor communication way of output; Laser displacement sensor use PCI turns multiple serial port expanding module and connects described processor.
4. system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described laser displacement sensor number is consistent with bifurcation fiber number, with the probe of described optical fiber in same level; Laser displacement sensor check point distribution mode is consistent with fibre-optical probe distribution mode.
5. according to the arbitrary described system of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, described first spectrometer and the second spectrometer are all band spectrometer independently of each other, and the spectral range that the spectral range of described spectrometer is respectively 300-1100nm and 950-1700nm or described spectrometer is respectively 300-1100nm and 950-2500nm.
6., according to the arbitrary described system of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, described bifurcation fiber is 3 fork optical fiber, and the lighting fiber of optical fiber is connected with described light source (8); Described light source (8) is multiple halogen tungsten lamp, and each halogen tungsten lamp provides built-in light source for the lighting fiber of every furcation area optical fiber; Described first spectrometer is connected by control line (14) with multiple halogen tungsten lamp source.
7. system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, is placed with optical filter under halogen tungsten lamp, and described optical filter is band pass filter.
8., according to the arbitrary described system of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, described light source is external light source, forms annular light source by multiple halogen tungsten lamp pearl, and each halogen tungsten lamp pearl parameter is consistent; The diameter of annular is greater than sample spectra sensing range.
9. the method that simultaneously detects of fresh meat Q factor multiple spot, uses the arbitrary described system of claim 1-6, comprises step:
1) pallet is placed standard diffuse reflectance reference white plate, be conveyed horizontally to below range cells by supply unit, adjustment standard diffuse reflectance reference white plate and distance measuring sensor distance are gauged distance, and described gauged distance is 80-150mm; Read white reference and black reference data and store, taking off blank;
2) be placed on pallet by fresh meat sample, multiple laser range sensor to measure on sample respective point to the distance of distance measuring sensor simultaneously, sensor by the data upload that records to processor;
3) multiple distance measuring sensor signal got by processor, determines intermediate distance point, controls height adjuster, makes the distance of intermediate distance point and probe be gauged distance;
4) after fresh meat height control completes, be conveyed horizontally to below spectra collection by supply unit, light is radiated on sample by light source, and sample diffuse reflection spectrum data is imported the first spectrometer and the second spectrometer by bifurcation fiber and the round linear optical fiber that turns;
5) spectroscopic data is reached processor by spectrometer, and processor carries out pre-service to spectroscopic data, preprocess method use multiplicative scatter correction, variable standardization, level and smooth in one or more;
6) pretreated spectroscopic data is input to Q factor forecast model and obtains fresh meat quality value; Described fresh meat Q factor comprise in tenderness, water cut, pH value, color, total volatile basic nitrogen one or more.
10. method according to claim 9, is characterized in that, by multiplicative scatter correction, variable standardization, the method pre-processed spectrum data such as level and smooth; Before Modling model, select method of gradual regression and/or successive projection algorithm, determine the characteristic wavelength that each Q factor characteristic of correspondence wavelength choosing method is chosen; The modeling method that each Q factor uses is multiple linear regression or support vector machine.
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| CN108181264A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-19 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | For diffuse in agricultural product radiate depth measuring system |
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| CN110987826B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2024-05-17 | 江苏大学 | Meat quality detection device |
| CN113390802A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-09-14 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Distance adjusting method and system for meat quality online detection |
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