CN101907564B - Rapeseed quality non-destructive testing method and device based on near infrared spectrum technology - Google Patents
Rapeseed quality non-destructive testing method and device based on near infrared spectrum technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rapeseed quality non-destructive testing method and a device based on a near infrared spectrum technology. For the device, a sample chamber is inserted inside an integrating sphere, an incident light source, the sample chamber and a tester are integrated on a casing of the integrating sphere by fully utilizing the structural characteristics of the integrating sphere, and the device comprises a spectrum signal collection device, a microcomputer and a result display device; and the method comprises the following steps of: transmitting received spectrum signals into the microcomputer by the tester at the stage of rapid testing through building a correlation model of such quality indexes as moisture content, fat content and the like of rapeseeds and corresponding spectrum signals; and calling model parameters of corresponding quality by the microcomputer and performing calculation to obtain such quality indexes as the moisture content, fat content and the like of the rapeseeds so as to realize the non-destructive testing of quality of rapeseeds. The invention has the advantages of high testing accuracy, good result consistency, high automatic degree and the like, not only provides monitoring basis for acquisition process of primary products, but also further creates conditions for standardized grades of primary products based on quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of quality of agricultural product lossless detection method and device, refer in particular to rapeseed quality fast non-destructive detection method and device thereof based on near-infrared spectrum technique.
Background technology
Agricultural product are daily necessities of people, and China is populous, are agricultural product production and consumption big countries, and the harmony of the safety of agricultural product and product confrontation Chinese society is stablized great important.But the agricultural product production and selling process in China rural area is still purchased separately based on small towns purchase spot and enterprises engaged in processing agricultural products at present, and be characterized in: purchase spot is many, dispersion range is big, takeover time is short and the number of acquisition is big.The price of raw material is more random, and acquiring firm lacks fairness, rationality and fairness according to rough moisture estimation and outward appearance, feel price determination often.Therefore, be necessary quality of agricultural product is quantized, for agricultural product classification price provides technical guarantee.
Current, quality of agricultural product detects artificial sense assessment method and the conventional physico-chemical analysis method still continued to use.Conventional physico-chemical analysis has higher accuracy and reliability, and still, it belongs to destructive detection, and detection time is long, is not suitable for the fast detecting of quality of agricultural product.And manual detection normally by do some training very often, veteran expert finishes through subjective appreciation, the testing result subjectivity is strong, consistance is poor.Especially for short, the perishable agricultural product of storage life, these methods all are difficult to satisfy normal production and the circulation demand.
Near infrared spectrum (Near-Infrared Ray Spectroscopy, NIRS) analytical technology need not sample is carried out chemical treatment, can directly measure intact sample, and can carry out quantitative test simultaneously to the multiple composition in the sample in the short time at 1～2 minute the utmost point, it is low to have cost, and speed is fast, the precision height, pollution-free, be convenient in real time, advantages such as on-line analysis and control.Use near-infrared spectral analysis technology and carry out the existing more research application of quick nondestructive detection, as detecting the pol in the tangerine orange, the V of fruit
C, the volatilization wet goods in the Chinese prickly ash.Simultaneously, also have some enterprises and research institution to set about development and the production work of near-infrared spectrometers, various near infrared spectroscopy instruments are come out one after another.Yet, these homemade near infrared spectroscopy instruments all are the light sources (halogen tungsten lamp) that adopts continuous spectrum, by various light-dividing devices with the continuous spectrum light splitting after (namely before light splitting) complex light light splitting again (light splitting namely) after taking place to interact or will interact with material to be measured with material to be measured, there are system complex such as light path formation, control circuit more, the debug process of instrument is loaded down with trivial details, defectives such as cost height are difficult to obtain promoting in various lots of basic unit procurement of agricultural product, processing and intermediate links.
Because the different quality components of different material are to the photaesthesia degree difference of different-waveband in the spectrum, for special testing instrument, continuous spectrum is not necessary.The pick-up unit that present stage is used discrete light source needs to install additional optical filter more, the kind of optical filter and install mode additional and just limited the seriation of instrument and the optimization of apparatus structure.The major function of integrating sphere is light collector, and the light that is collected can be used as diffuse reflection light source or measured source, and it has been obtained widely at the radiant quantity of measuring various light sources (as: laser, LED and halogen tungsten lamp) and color measuring and fluorescence spectroscopy aspect and has used.When the application integrating sphere detects material, adopt the sample chamber to place the outer detection mode of integrating sphere, the homogeneity of sample is very big to the influence of testing result more, and to the active area of incident light and material and having relatively high expectations of incident intensity.
Summary of the invention
In view of the development of prior art, purpose of the present invention will provide a kind of near-infrared spectrum analysis detection method and device thereof at agricultural product (rapeseed) quality exactly.Apparatus features is: the sample chamber is inserted into integrating sphere inside, take full advantage of the design feature of integrating sphere, incident light source, sample chamber and detecting device are integrated on the integrating sphere shell, employing replaces continuous light source to individual single light source, save beam splitting system, thereby make the compacter and miniaturization of apparatus structure.Detect and divide modeling and two stages of fast detecting, the modelling phase is a disposable association and the local process of adjusting, and fast detecting then is the application process of instrument.In the modelling phase, detecting device imports the spectral signal that receives in the microprocessor into, microprocessor links to each other with host computer by USB interface, the data that derivation records are set up in the software to the model of host computer, correlation model between the index of quality such as water percentage, fat content of setting up relevant agricultural product (rapeseed) and the corresponding spectral signal, after the host computer modeling, will pass to the respective storage areas of microprocessor under the model parameter that obtain, prepare for realizing fast detecting.In the fast detecting stage, detecting device imports the spectral signal that receives in the microprocessor into, microprocessor calls the model parameter of corresponding quality and calculates, obtain the index of quality such as water percentage, fat content of detected agricultural product (rapeseed), to realize the Non-Destructive Testing of relevant agricultural product (rapeseed) quality, simultaneously by device displaying result display quality desired value.
The near infrared spectrum method for quick of the said rapeseed quality of the present invention is, get some parts of the rapeseed sample (about 100 parts) of different in moisture and fat earlier, a part is as calibration set (50～80 parts), another part is as forecast set (about 20 parts), remainder is as testing sample, and the water cut of employing National Standard Method mensuration all samples and fat content are as measured value; With the spectrum information that diffuses of near infrared detection instrument acquisition correction collection sample, forecast set sample and the testing sample invented, set up calibration model with the spectroscopic data of calibration set and the relation between its water cut and fat content measured value again; The spectroscopic data of forecast set is brought in the calibration model predicts, obtain predicting the outcome and analyzing difference with its measured value of the sample moisture content of forecast set and fat content, choose precision of prediction and meet the requirements of calibration model; At last model parameter is imported in the microprocessor, simultaneously the spectral information of testing sample is called in the calibration model of choosing, the testing sample water cut is calculated, the water cut predicted value that obtains is the measurement result of testing sample water cut.
A kind of device of realizing above-mentioned rapeseed quality method for quick comprises spectral signal harvester, microprocessor and device displaying result; Wherein:
The spectral signal harvester is used for the rapeseed to be measured in the integrating sphere is carried out spectral scan, gathers agricultural product diffuse reflection near infrared light spectrum signal to be measured and is transferred in the microprocessor;
Microprocessor, provide drive current by peripheral circuit for each light source, a plurality of monochromatic sources lights order and time in turn on the control integrating sphere, the spectrum signal that diffuses through the external circuit conditioning that will receive simultaneously is stored in the memory block, storage is also quoted the model parameter of calling in, spectroscopic data is analyzed, is calculated the quality index values of detected agricultural product, by USB interface finish and host computer between data communication etc.;
Device displaying result, the quality index values that is used for microprocessor is calculated shows.
Above-mentioned said spectral signal harvester is made up of light-source system, integrating sphere shell, sample chamber and detecting device.It is characterized in that: cancelled beam splitting system, light-source system becomes a plurality of monochromatic sources by the long light source of all-wave, a plurality of monochromatic sources are made of a series of optical device that can send specific wavelength, thereby send the light of different wave length in order, reflect uniform irradiation on sample by the integrating sphere wall, detecting device obtains the absorbance of different wave length, obtains the absorption spectrum of sample.
Wherein said light-source system at the different index of quality, is selected different single wavelength semiconductor near-infrared light sources for use, is used for light is radiated at a certain amount of agricultural product to be measured surface.For realizing the measurement to various ingredients, a plurality of single wavelength semiconductor light sources are taked the mode lighted in turn, requirement according to different Quality Detection needs and special use and all purpose instrument, select different combination of light sources modes, light source number for use and light order in turn, light duration and interval time and can adjust according to measuring requirement.
Described integrating sphere is used for integrated optical source, sample chamber and detecting device, and different according to the corresponding index content of the luminous power of light source and testing sample are selected the integrating sphere of different size for use.The integrating sphere inwall scribbles the metallic coating to the near infrared light high reflectance.The feasible uniformity that diffuses of integrating sphere inside surface, the integrating sphere structure is convenient to integrated a plurality of incident light source and single detector.
Described sample chamber adopts low-hydroxy-group squartz glass to make, and is inserted into integrating sphere inside outward by integrating sphere, realizes the bulk absorption of sample, and design feature per sample is corresponding to sample chamber specification and the measurement model parameter of different-diameter.
Described detecting device is semiconductor detector, be used for receiving the agricultural product diffuse transmission spectral signal that is distributed in the integrating sphere inwall, and be these near infrared light signal transition that carry sample message electric signal, change the digital signal input microprocessor into by A/D converter.Detecting device scans incessantly, and the scanning result of Different Light is stored respectively.
Described model is the calibration model of near infrared spectrum signal value and agricultural product (rapeseed) index of quality.Get some parts of the rapeseed sample (about 100 parts) of different in moisture and fat earlier, a part is as calibration set (50～80 parts), another part is as forecast set (about 20 parts), remainder is as testing sample, and the water cut of employing National Standard Method mensuration all samples and fat content are as measured value; With the spectrum information that diffuses of near infrared detection instrument acquisition correction collection sample of the present invention, forecast set sample and testing sample, set up calibration model with the spectroscopic data of calibration set and the relation between its water cut and fat content measured value again; The spectroscopic data of forecast set is brought in the calibration model predicts, obtain predicting the outcome and analyzing difference with its measured value of the sample moisture content of forecast set and fat content, choose precision of prediction and meet the requirements of calibration model; At last model parameter is imported in the microprocessor.
Near infrared quality of agricultural product trace routine and model parameter and index of quality calculation procedure corresponding to different samples are housed in the described microprocessor, and lighting in turn of major control multiple light courcess gathered spectroscopic data and also calculated the quality of agricultural product desired value.
During work, at first connect power supply, spectrometer is set, the corresponding detection model of the sample that selection will be measured.Begin to carry out input, the spectral signal value that detecting device is obtained deposits the memory block in, and substitution model simultaneously calculates each index of quality of testing sample (rapeseed), is presented on the interface.
The test operation of sample is as follows:
1. opening power at first arranges the parameter of installing each annex.As the wavelength points combination of light sources pattern of the intensity of light source, spectrometer is set and lights the time interval etc. in turn.
2. when measuring agricultural product, rapeseed to be measured is inserted in the sample chamber, filled the sample chamber, start light source and detecting device.The illumination that light source sends is mapped to agricultural product to be measured surface, and portion forms diffuse reflection within it, the light that diffuse reflection is come out converts digital signal to after the integrating sphere wall is received by detecting device, and deposit in the microprocessor, choose the model of having set up spectral signal is calculated, a certain quality index values of these agricultural product of calculating is shown by display device.
3. the sample after will testing takes out, and the cleaning sample chamber is done test next time and prepared.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention provides technical guarantee for on-the-spot flavor evaluation and the arm's length pricing of agricultural product (rapeseed) purchase, with present physico-chemical analysis method and manual method to quality of agricultural product evaluation compare with pricing method, objectivity, repeatability are stronger.The present invention finishes that one-time detection is consuming time to be no more than 1 minute, can easily use in the on-the-spot Quality Detection of primary agricultural products.
The present invention will be applied in the Non-Destructive Testing process of quality of agricultural product based near infrared optical detection means, have the accuracy of detection height, advantage such as high conformity and automaticity be strong as a result, both the acquisition process for primary agricultural products provided the monitoring foundation, again further for being that condition has been created in the agricultural product standardization classification of foundation with the quality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: technical scheme synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2: the rapeseed quality quick nondestructive pick-up unit structural representation of near-infrared spectrum technique of the present invention;
Among the figure: 1. spherical housing; 2. sample chamber; 3. incident light source (group); 4. detecting device; 5. control panel and display screen; 6.USB communication interface; 7. microprocessor and peripheral circuit;
Fig. 3: the integrating sphere type spectral signal acquisition system structural representation that uses among the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention has versatility to the Non-Destructive Testing of quality of agricultural product, but because the agricultural product kind is a lot, therefore the present invention only lifts an embodiment that is used for the rapeseed water content detection, the detection of other agricultural product can be with reference to the method for this embodiment, specifically at a certain index of the quality of agricultural product of surveying, set up a new model, just can test this agricultural products.
The near infrared spectrum fast detecting of rapeseed quality of the present invention and model building device and quality of agricultural product lossless detection method are described as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:
Be illustrated in figure 1 as technical scheme of the present invention and implement synoptic diagram, provided the implementation process that the pick-up unit that utilizes invention carries out modeling and fast detecting.
Get some parts of the rapeseed sample (about 100 parts) of different in moisture and fat earlier, a part is as calibration set (50～80 parts), another part is as forecast set (about 20 parts), remainder is as testing sample, the physico-chemical method that the rapeseed water cut detects and oleaginousness detects is carried out in strict accordance with GB rapeseed GB11762-89 respectively, and the water cut of mensuration all samples and fat content are as measured value; Use the pick-up unit based on near-infrared spectral analysis technology that rapeseed is carried out spectral scan, the spectral signal value that detecting device 4 is obtained is kept in the microprocessor.Then by usb communication interface 6 with data importing in host computer, adopt the method for multiple linear regression to filter out characteristic signal, set up the correlation model between spectral signal value and rapeseed water cut and the oleaginousness.The model parameter that obtains is written in the microprocessor 7 of spectrometer by usb communication interface 6.
Next just can measure fast unknown rapeseed.Turning on the power switch, is Quality Detection by control panel and display screen 5 selective light source modules; With rapeseed to be measured sample chamber 2 is filled, add a cover, begin to detect; According to the program of prior setting, begin to light in turn selected combination of light sources in incident light source (group) 3, the illumination that light source sends is mapped on the rapeseed to be measured, forms diffuse reflection, and the light that diffuse reflection is come out is received by detecting device 4; The near infrared light signal transition that detecting device 4 will carry sample message is electric signal, changes in the digital signal input microprocessor 7 by A/D again; Microprocessor 7 is accepted this spectral signal value and spectral signal value substitution model is calculated, and can show moisture content value and the oil-containing value of this rapeseed on control panel and display screen 5, so far the rapeseed quality end of test (EOT).
Above-mentioned near infrared detection method can realize the modeling of instrument, after model is set up, realizes fast detecting and the demonstration of the index of quality.
Be illustrated in figure 2 as the rapeseed quality quick nondestructive pick-up unit structural representation of near-infrared spectrum technique of the present invention; Be used for realizing the modeling of near-infrared optical detector and the fast detecting of quality of agricultural product.This system comprises integrating sphere type spectral signal acquisition system, control panel and display screen 5, usb communication interface 6 and microprocessor and peripheral circuit 7; Wherein control panel and display screen 5 are positioned at integrating sphere type spectral signal acquisition system right upper portion, and microprocessor and peripheral circuit 7 are positioned on the base plate of tool housing, realize and outside communicating by letter by the usb communication interface 6 on tool housing right side.
Integrating sphere type spectral signal acquisition system adopts the system of structure shown in Figure 3, and wherein control panel and display screen 5 are used for finishing the various operations to instrument as the operation interface of instrument; Usb communication interface 6 is used for realizing the data communication between microprocessor 7 and the host computer, and data communication comprises from microprocessor spectral information being uploaded to host computer and will setting up good sample detection model from host computer and downloads to the microprocessor; Microprocessor and peripheral circuit 7, provide drive current by peripheral circuit for each light source, a plurality of single light sources lights order and time in turn on the control integrating sphere, the spectrum signal that diffuses through the external circuit conditioning that will receive simultaneously is stored in the memory block, storage is also quoted the model parameter of calling in, spectroscopic data is analyzed, is calculated the quality index values of detected agricultural product, by USB interface finish and host computer between data communication etc.
Be illustrated in figure 3 as integrating sphere type spectral signal acquisition system structural drawing of the present invention, this system comprises spherical housing 1, sample chamber 2, incident light source (group) 3 and detecting device 4; Wherein integrating sphere comprises the hollow integrating sphere with spherical housing 1, crossing on the plane of the centre of sphere that spherical housing 1 surrounds diameter of Spherical Volume, be the center of circle with the above-mentioned centre of sphere, have 4 through holes at spherical housing 1, wherein three through holes are as the installing port of incident light source (group) 3, serve as to distribute at interval evenly with 10 degree, the another one through hole is used for installation and measuring device 4 in the angle vertical with the axis of the position of above three through holes.Crossing the center of circle, on the direction vertical with this big disc, also having a through hole, be used for installing sample chamber 2, the sample chamber is inserted into integrating sphere inside.
The aperture area uniformity of the through hole of preferred three light source groups 3 and detecting device 4 among the present invention, certainly, the shape of through hole of the present invention is not limited to area and is arranged to consistent a kind of situation, can make suitable modification as required; The opening diameter of sample chamber 2 is greater than sample chamber 2 external diameters; The inwall of integrating sphere shell 1 scribbles the metallic coating that near infrared light is had high reflectance, to guarantee its optical properties; 2 open outer side are equipped with stationary installation in the sample chamber of spherical housing 1, are convenient to placement and the location of sample chamber 2.
Use the optical measuring system of above-mentioned integrating sphere, can realize three incident light sources, the near-infrared optical of single detector is measured.
Implement synoptic diagram according to technical scheme shown in Figure 1, realize to the modeling of the near-infrared spectrometer device of invention with to the fast detecting of rapeseed quality.
At last, it is also to be noted that what more than enumerate only is one embodiment of the present of invention.Obviously, the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, many distortion can also be arranged, all distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from content disclosed by the invention all should be thought protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the near infrared spectrum device for fast detecting of rapeseed quality, this device comprises integrating sphere type spectral signal acquisition system, control panel and display screen (5), usb communication interface (6) and microprocessor and peripheral circuit (7), wherein is positioned at the control panel of integrating sphere type spectral signal acquisition system right upper portion and display screen (5) as the operation interface of device; The usb communication interface (6) on crust of the device right side is used for realizing the data communication between microprocessor and the host computer, microprocessor and peripheral circuit (7) are positioned on the base plate of crust of the device, provide drive current by peripheral circuit for each light source, a plurality of monochromatic sources lights order and time in turn on the control integrating sphere, the spectrum signal that diffuses through the peripheral circuit conditioning that will receive simultaneously is stored in the memory block, storage is also quoted the model parameter of calling in, spectroscopic data is analyzed, calculate the quality index values of detected rapeseed, by usb communication interface (6) finish and host computer between data communication;
Wherein said integrating sphere type spectral signal acquisition system, this system comprise spherical housing (1), sample chamber (2), incident light source group (3) and detecting device (4); Wherein integrating sphere comprises the have spherical housing hollow integrating sphere of (1), crossing on the plane of the centre of sphere that spherical housing (1) surrounds diameter of Spherical Volume, be the center of circle with the above-mentioned centre of sphere, have 4 through holes at spherical housing (1), wherein three through holes are as the installing port of incident light source group (3), serve as to distribute at interval evenly with 10 degree, the another one through hole is used for installation and measuring device (4) in the angle vertical with the axis of the position of above three through holes; Crossing the center of circle, and on the direction vertical with described plane, also having a through hole, be used for installing sample chamber (2), sample chamber (2) are inserted into integrating sphere inside;
Wherein obtain described model parameter and to the step that spectroscopic data is analyzed be: some parts of rapeseed sample getting different in moisture and fat earlier, a part is as the calibration set sample, another part is as the forecast set sample, remainder is as testing sample, and the water cut of employing National Standard Method mensuration all samples and fat content are as measured value; With the spectrum information that diffuses of described near infrared spectrum device for fast detecting acquisition correction collection sample, forecast set sample and testing sample, set up calibration model with the spectroscopic data of calibration set sample and the relation between its water cut and fat content measured value again; The spectroscopic data of forecast set sample is brought in the calibration model predicts, obtain predicting the outcome and analyzing difference with its measured value of the sample moisture content of forecast set sample and fat content, choose precision of prediction and meet the requirements of calibration model; At last model parameter is imported in the microprocessor, simultaneously the spectral information of testing sample is called in the calibration model of choosing, testing sample water cut and fat content are calculated, and the water cut that obtains and fat content predicted value are testing sample water cut and determination of fat result.
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