CN103777524A - Method and device for controlling black tea moderate fermentation based on visible spectrum technology - Google Patents
Method and device for controlling black tea moderate fermentation based on visible spectrum technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN103777524A CN103777524A CN201410026097.3A CN201410026097A CN103777524A CN 103777524 A CN103777524 A CN 103777524A CN 201410026097 A CN201410026097 A CN 201410026097A CN 103777524 A CN103777524 A CN 103777524A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and device for controlling black tea moderate fermentation based on the visible spectrum technology. Due to the fact that the black tea fermentation color is related to the instant tea quality, a target color and a threshold value of a fermentation object are set through a computer, a reflection spectrum in a visible spectrum region of the fermentation object in the fermentation process is measured through optical fibers and a spectrograph in real time, and a chromatic value of the fermentation object and chromatic aberration between the fermentation object and target chromaticity are calculated by the computer through the reflection spectrum of the fermentation object; when the chromatic aberration is smaller than the set threshold value, fermentation of the fermentation object is stopped, and therefore accurate control over black tea moderate fermentation is achieved. The method and device can be applied to black tea produced through fermentation with green tea serving as a raw material, so that the purposes that the quality of the black tea is standardized and stabilized and the quality is high are achieved.
Description
Technical field
This patent relates to and belongs to biofermentation field, is specifically related to the visible spectrum of fermentate to detect in real time, is the method and apparatus of in real time monitoring of chromatic value and proper fermentation control in a kind of fermentation of black tea based on visible spectrum technology.
Background technology
The consumption figure of world today's black tea accounts for more than 70%, and in black tea manufacture, fermentation procedure is the critical process that forms black tea quality, and insufficient fermentation or yeast-bitten all can affect the quality of black tea.The regulation and control of conventional black attenuation degree are mainly passed judgment on sense organ by veteran.This fermentation mode is subject to environment and workman's technical merit to affect larger, can only be controlled at certain scope, cannot accurately control, lack science and accuracy, easily cause fermentation of black tea partially light or excessive, cause black tea to have the problems such as product quality is not high, unstable product quality always, and inefficiency.Become the development of restriction black tea, cannot meet the requirement of domestic flourish black tea industry.
Traditional camera can replace the objective image information of obtaining black tea of the visual performance of human eye; Then excavate by image processing techniques the tea leaf quality characteristic information comprising in image.But in the practical application of the fermentation process of black tea, while adopting the color filter color measurements in broadband, be very limited due to traditional camera, the image information that a little equipment collects is easy to be subject to the impact of environmental light intensity and object light and shade.The feature that only can detect physics and geometry comprises color, size, shape and quality etc., cannot realize black tea chromatic value high precision monitor.
In prior art sweat, accuracy of detection is lower, and cannot adapt to complicated production environment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of black tea proper fermentation control method and device based on visible spectrum technology, to realize the chromatic value high-acruracy survey to black tea in fermentation and to realize the moderate control to fermentation.
In order to solve above technical matters, the present invention is based on visible spectrum technology, pass through
reflectance spectrumobtain solid colour examining, the concrete technical scheme of employing is as follows:
A black tea proper fermentation control method based on visible spectrum technology, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 1, utilize black tea proper fermentation control device to carry out fermentation of black tea, detect the black tea tea sample of determining proper fermentation with subjective appreciation by physics and chemistry, the black tea reflectance spectrum that computing machine ferments appropriate by spectrometer collection, adopt the chromatic value of CIE standard colorimetric system-computed fermentate, the target chromatic value using the average of proper fermentation thing chromatic value as fermentate.The fermentate chromatic value of calculating moderate fermentation and the maximum aberration of above-mentioned target chromatic value are threshold value, and described chromatic value calculates and adopts CIELAB chrominance space, and Colorimetry adopts Euclidean distance;
Step 2, while fermenting instant black tea, target chromatic value and the threshold value that only step 1 need to be obtained are input in computer-controlled program later at every turn.Utilizing fermentation tank to carry out in fermentation of black tea process, computing machine fermentation control program will gather the reflectance spectrum of fermentation of black tea thing by mirror based fiber optica and spectrometer in real time and calculate the chromatic value of fermentate, calculate the aberration between fermentate chromatic value and target chromatic value simultaneously, in fermenting in the time that aberration is less than the threshold value of setting, fermentate has reached proper fermentation, can stop immediately fermentation; In the time that aberration is more than or equal to the threshold value of setting, in fermentation, fermentate does not reach proper fermentation, proceeds fermentation; Thereby realize the accurate control to black tea proper fermentation.
According to the device of a kind of black tea proper fermentation control method based on visible spectrum technology described in 1, mainly comprise computing machine (1), spectrometer (2), light source (3), bifurcation fiber (8), fermentation tank (6); It is characterized in that:
One end of bifurcation fiber (8) is mirror based fiber optica probe (7), other end bifurcated is an incident optical and a mirror based fiber optica, adopt at least 3 bifurcation fibers, the mirror based fiber optica probe (7) of all bifurcation fibers is placed in respectively to fermentation tank (6) bottom diverse location, it is that incident optical gathers end (5) and is connected with light source (3) that the incident optical end of all bifurcation fibers is aggregated into an optical fiber, and it is that mirror based fiber optica gathers end (4) and is connected with spectrometer (2) that the mirror based fiber optica end of all bifurcation fibers is aggregated into an optical fiber; Make the light that light source (3) sends gather end (4) by incident optical, arrive respectively each mirror based fiber optica probe (7), fermentate reflection on mirror based fiber optica probe (7), enter mirror based fiber optica, reflected light gathers end (4) through mirror based fiber optica and finally all enters into spectrometer (2); Described light source (3) is Halogen lamp LED;
Computing machine (1) is connected with spectrometer (2), the spectral information of energy Real-time Obtaining spectrometer, computing machine is provided with fermentation control program, there is human-computer interaction interface, can show in real time the chromatic value of fermentate, can also artificial target chromatic value and the threshold value of setting fermentate in sweat.
The present invention has beneficial effect.The present invention is made to grow distance, is detected the tealeaves in fermentation tank in real time by bifurcation fiber scheme, make it possible to achieve tealeaves color height is precisely detected by visible spectrum technical scheme, realized the automatic and high precision of tea leaf fermentation appropriateness is judged by the colour difference assessment scheme of trace routine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the device schematic diagram of black tea proper fermentation of the present invention control;
Fig. 2 is the fermentate reflectivity that in sweat of the present invention, spectrometer gathers; Solid line is the fermentate reflectance spectrum curve of proper fermentation, and dotted line is fermentate reflectance spectrum curve in sweat;
Fig. 3 be in sweat of the present invention fermentate chromatic value in chromatic value space distribution.
In figure: 1 computing machine, 2 spectrometers, 3 light sources, 4 mirror based fiber opticas gather end, and 5 incident opticals gather end, 6 fermentation tanks, 7 fibre-optical probes, 8 bifurcation fibers.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated further, herein the initial fermentate embodiment using green tea as black tea only.Following instance only, for patent is described, is not used for limiting this patent scope.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of black tea proper fermentation control device, according to Fig. 1, spectrometer is connected to computing machine by USB, the incident optical that the mirror based fiber optica probe of bifurcation fiber is connected to fermentation tank bottom diverse location, 3 bifurcation fibers is aggregated into an incident optical and gathers end and be connected with light source, and the mirror based fiber optica of bifurcation fiber is aggregated into a reflection and penetrates optical fiber and gather to hold and be connected with spectrometer.Set the acquisition parameter of spectrometer by fermentation control program, integral time 100ms, average time 10 times, the reference spectra while gathering without fermentate and half-light spectrum.Open halogen light source, add green tea materials, the light that now light source sends is gathered end and is entered respectively the incident optical of each bifurcation fiber by incident optical, arrives the mirror based fiber optica probe of fermentation tank bottom, through the reflection of fermentation of black tea thing, gather end by mirror based fiber optica and enter into spectrometer.Computing machine will pass through the reflectance spectrum of green tea in the fermentation of spectrometer Real-time Collection.
In sweat, utilize the fermentate reflectance spectrum in fermentation tank in said apparatus Real-time Collection fermentation of black tea process, gather in sweat fermentate simultaneously and analyze physics and chemistry and sense organ evaluation, judge whether fermentation appropriateness.The physical and chemical index here is mainly measured Tea Polyphenols, caffeine, thearubigin, the theaflavin content of extract, and sensory review comprises color.Gather the reflectance spectrum of fermentate as shown in Figure 2, as shown in Figure 2, in sweat there is notable difference with the reflectance spectrum of fermentation proper fermentation thing in the reflectance spectrum of fermentate.According to CIE standard colorimetric system, by the reflectance spectrum conversion chromatic value of fermentate, the chromatic value of the fermentate calculating is as shown in table 1.
Table 1: be fermentate chromatic value in sweat
| Sequence number | CIE-L * | CIE-a * | CIE-b * | Whether appropriate |
| 1 | 20.49 | 4.71 | 29.16 | No |
| 2 | 5.89 | 3.67 | 7.69 | No |
| 3 | 25.83 | -0.14 | 36.12 | No |
| 4 | 12.40 | 3.19 | 15.50 | No |
| 5 | 22.28 | 1.94 | 29.55 | No |
| 6 | 16.50 | 1.41 | 22.44 | No |
| 7 | 21.99 | -0.28 | 28.70 | No |
| 8 | 9.71 | 4.02 | 13.88 | No |
| 9 | 19.64 | 0.10 | 19.92 | No |
| 10 | 12.14 | 3.98 | 17.39 | No |
| 11 | 5.44 | 14.75 | 6.05 | Be |
| 12 | 6.68 | 13.08 | 8.90 | Be |
| 13 | 7.55 | 17.78 | 6.74 | Be |
| 14 | 7.43 | 11.34 | 8.81 | Be |
| 15 | 7.73 | 14.06 | 8.89 | Be |
Can obviously find from table 1, in sweat, have significant difference with the chromatic value of the appropriate fermentate that ferments.In order more significantly to distinguish in sweat and the appropriate fermentate chromatic value of fermentation, the chromatic value of table 1 can be mapped in the CIELAB color space, result as shown in Figure 3, significant difference between chromatic value in fermentation appropriateness and sweat, and difference between the chromatic value of the appropriate fermentate that ferments is less.In his-and-hers watches 1, the chromatic value of sequence number 11-15 fermentate is averaged and is obtained the chromatic value of target fermentate: L=6.96, a
*=14.20, b
*=7.87; Asking the chromatic value of fermentate and the maximum aberration of average of the proper fermentation of sequence number 11-15 is threshold value:
Threshold value △ E=3.79.The Euclidean distance that aberration adopts herein.
After this, during at every turn take green tea as fermenting raw materials black tea, only need to set by the software interface of computer-controlled program the target chromatic value L=6.96 of fermentation of black tea, a
*=14.20, b
*=7.87 and and threshold value △ E=3.79.Computing machine will be according to CIE standard colorimetric system in real time by the reflectance spectrum conversion chromatic value of fermentate, and calculates the aberration between fermentate chromatic value and target chromatic value in sweat, and shows the colourity of fermentate.In the time that aberration is less than the threshold value of setting, the fermentate in fermentation has reached proper fermentation, and system will stop fermentation.
Claims (2)
1. the black tea proper fermentation control method based on visible spectrum technology, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 1, utilize black tea proper fermentation control device to carry out fermentation of black tea, detect the black tea tea sample of determining proper fermentation with subjective appreciation by physics and chemistry, the black tea reflectance spectrum that computing machine ferments appropriate by spectrometer collection, adopt the chromatic value of CIE standard colorimetric system-computed fermentate, the target chromatic value using the average of proper fermentation thing chromatic value as fermentate;
The fermentate chromatic value of calculating moderate fermentation and the maximum aberration of above-mentioned target chromatic value are threshold value, and described chromatic value calculates and adopts CIELAB chrominance space, and Colorimetry adopts Euclidean distance;
Step 2, while fermenting instant black tea, target chromatic value and the threshold value that only step 1 need to be obtained are input in computer-controlled program later at every turn;
Utilizing fermentation tank to carry out in fermentation of black tea process, computing machine fermentation control program will gather the reflectance spectrum of fermentation of black tea thing by optical fiber and spectrometer in real time and calculate the chromatic value of fermentate, calculate the aberration between fermentate chromatic value and target chromatic value simultaneously, in fermenting in the time that aberration is less than the threshold value of setting, fermentate has reached proper fermentation, can stop immediately fermentation; In the time that aberration is more than or equal to the threshold value of setting, in fermentation, fermentate does not reach proper fermentation, proceeds fermentation; Thereby realize the accurate control to black tea proper fermentation.
2. the device of a kind of black tea proper fermentation control method based on visible spectrum technology according to claim 1, mainly comprises computing machine (1), spectrometer (2), light source (3), bifurcation fiber (8), fermentation tank (6); It is characterized in that:
One end of bifurcation fiber (8) is mirror based fiber optica probe (7), other end bifurcated is an incident optical and a mirror based fiber optica, adopt at least 3 bifurcation fibers, the mirror based fiber optica probe (7) of all bifurcation fibers is placed in respectively to fermentation tank (6) bottom diverse location, it is that incident optical gathers end (5) and is connected with light source (3) that the incident optical end of all bifurcation fibers is aggregated into an optical fiber, and it is that mirror based fiber optica gathers end (4) and is connected with spectrometer (2) that the mirror based fiber optica end of all bifurcation fibers is aggregated into an optical fiber; Make the light that light source (3) sends gather end (4) by incident optical, arrive respectively each mirror based fiber optica probe (7), fermentate reflection on mirror based fiber optica probe (7), enter mirror based fiber optica, reflected light gathers end (4) through mirror based fiber optica and finally all enters into spectrometer (2); Described light source (3) is Halogen lamp LED;
Computing machine (1) is connected with spectrometer (2), the spectral information of energy Real-time Obtaining spectrometer, computing machine is provided with fermentation control program, there is human-computer interaction interface, can show in real time the chromatic value of fermentate, can also artificial target chromatic value and the threshold value of setting fermentate in sweat.
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| CN104374475A (en) * | 2014-11-08 | 2015-02-25 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Large-view-field hyper-spectral imaging differential absorption spectrograph satellite-mounted test device |
| CN104458594A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-03-25 | 中国农业大学 | System and method for simultaneously detecting quality parameters of raw meat from multiple points |
| CN104621281A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-05-20 | 江苏大学 | Intelligent oxygen dissolving method and device of oxidizing summer and autumn tea concentrated solution into instant black tea |
| CN105092486A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-25 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | Tobacco grading method |
| CN106538729A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-03-29 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of black tea fresh leaf is processed and fermentation technology |
| CN109329501A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-02-15 | 江苏大学 | A kind of intelligent preparation method of instant fermented tea powder |
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| CN109976157A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-07-05 | 江苏大学 | A kind of Intelligent Food liquid state fermentation parameter control method |
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| CN104374475B (en) * | 2014-11-08 | 2017-02-22 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Large-view-field hyper-spectral imaging differential absorption spectrograph satellite-mounted test device |
| CN104458594A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-03-25 | 中国农业大学 | System and method for simultaneously detecting quality parameters of raw meat from multiple points |
| CN104458594B (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2017-02-22 | 中国农业大学 | System and method for simultaneously detecting quality parameters of raw meat from multiple points |
| CN104621281A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-05-20 | 江苏大学 | Intelligent oxygen dissolving method and device of oxidizing summer and autumn tea concentrated solution into instant black tea |
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| CN104621281B (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2017-12-05 | 江苏大学 | A kind of intelligent oxygen dissolving method and device that Summer-autumn tea concentrate is oxidized to instant black tea |
| CN105092486A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-25 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | Tobacco grading method |
| CN106538729A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-03-29 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of black tea fresh leaf is processed and fermentation technology |
| CN109329501A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-02-15 | 江苏大学 | A kind of intelligent preparation method of instant fermented tea powder |
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