CN104402117B - Water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing system and construction method - Google Patents
Water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing system and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104402117B CN104402117B CN201410518567.8A CN201410518567A CN104402117B CN 104402117 B CN104402117 B CN 104402117B CN 201410518567 A CN201410518567 A CN 201410518567A CN 104402117 B CN104402117 B CN 104402117B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing system and construction method, its system is based especially on the water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing system of evergreen watermifoil and powder leaf dwarf lilyturf, is made up of skeleton buoyancy aid integral system, growth substrate system and three part of aquatic vegetation.Its method includes the structure of the structure and floating wetland of floating wetland unit.The present invention（1）Solve hard skeleton to meet external force mutability or fracture, while floating body material is directly exposed to water landscape difference and easily causes the problem of secondary pollution；（2）Vegetable material can synchronously be solved using growth substrate system carries out the difficulties of the deficient stress of getting dirty with root system of plant of plant material grown plant nutrient during water remediation（3）Novel plant material repair methods solution vegetable material winter-spring season chlorosis, the little water environment capacity of biomass are low, water reoxygenation efficiency is low and the difficulties of the ornamental difference of Winter-Spring.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of environment protection, the water body for being related to a kind of eutrophication water restoration of the ecosystem of heavily contaminated is net
Change landscape floating wetland constructing system and construction method, the rural area river course that more particularly to breeding wastewater and sanitary sewage are discharged
Comprehensive processing method, not only meets water quality and is obviously improved, and meets the demand in River Landscape design.
Background technology
Jing patent retrievals and Literature Consult, the existing floating wetland patent of China（201962124 U of CN, a kind of artificial drift
Floating wetland；CN 100479649, a kind of plant chinampa and building method；CN 102963984 A：It is a kind of to be equipped with inflatable raft body
Ecological floating island device；A kind of ecological floating islands of CN100584197C）Separation design is adopted skeleton structure and float structure more.
The obvious defect of its structure is the increase of water surface footprint area, the framework material for being adopted such as bamboo or rod or plastic tube, steel
The similar material such as muscle belongs to hard skeleton, and as which lacks pliability, the flexible deformation of the impact such as wave, current to the wind is even rolled over
It is disconnected.In addition, using air-flotation type, foam or ball float etc. more than their floating body materials, inflatable buoyancy aid must regularly supply source of the gas.And steep
To be exposed to water landscape effect poor due to which for foam or ball float material, and also one obvious defect is exactly this as permanent or face
The floating material of when property stays in the water surface as the factors such as long-term lacking management dissipate and easily causes secondary pollution.
Jing patent retrievals in addition, presently disclosed patent（201962124 U of CN, a kind of artificial floating wetland；CN
103141283 A, a kind of suspension implantation methods of water plant；）It is common common that the vegetable material that restoration of the ecosystem is related to is adopted
Water plant such as water peanut, reed, water lily, lotus, hornwort etc. be generally more difficult to survive the winter, the basic inanimate object amount of winter-spring season,
The pollutant of plant residual enters water body through putrefaction process again, causes the secondary pollution of the water surface.
Furthermore, this key issue once must take into as scavenging material using water plant, generally, plant is not
With several times to tens times of the foster material such as nitrogen phosphorus battalion for water body content needed for growth phase, general water body nitrogen phosphorus is not enough to maintain to plant
Thing grows demand, and plant growth is also easy to produce the situations such as malnutrition.While the rejecting water pollutant of plant growth is considered
Must take into the function of needing plant to maintain its purification of water quality of enough biomass basis competence exertions.Plant is to pollution in addition
Thing has certain resistant limit, and heavy polluted water limits plant normal growth.
Green watermifoil（Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc.）Perennial fluitante.Originate in south
There are introducing and planting strain in America, A Genyan, Brazil, Uruguay, Chile etc., existing south China.It is high 50～80 centimetres.Dioecism is spent
7～August of phase, the four seasons are evergreen, fast growth, and biomass is big, and absorption water body nitrogen and phosphorus are a considerable number of, can be used for general river course
The vegetable material of the restoration of the ecosystem for the purpose of purification of water quality.
Powder leaf dwarf lilyturf（Ophiopogon chingii var. glaucifolius）, perennial hygrophyte.It is resistance to
Negative strong, plant is short, well developed root system, and leaf is general also wider, wide 0.5-2 centimetre, many landscape effect poles of the month at florescence 5-7 quantity
It is good.Growth is fast and biomass is high, and the four seasons are evergreen, and winter-spring season remains to keep evergreen.Resisting cold can be normal under -10 ~ 40 high temperature
Growth, resistance to waterflooding, the waterflooding during the short range rainstorm and flood remain to normal growth in one week or so, are that one kind is preferably with landscape
Purpose ecological restoration materials.
For the carrying out of current published patent or the report of document, floating wetland structure design and offer vegetable material
Ecological restoring method can not yet solve the above problems.
The content of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide the water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing system and construction method of a kind of new simplification,
A kind of efficient ecology for removing water body nitrogen phosphorus, the pollutant such as the COD landscape graceful four seasons evergreen phytoremediation technology simultaneously is provided
Chinampa system.Emphasis solves a kind of skill of sewage effluent low cost disposal during severe domestic sewage in rural areas and poultry farming
Art.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is employed the following technical solutions：
A kind of water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing system, including：Skeleton buoyancy aid integral system, the skeleton buoyancy aid
Integral system includes skeleton and buoyancy aid, and the skeleton includes the loop configuration by made by hollow tube, and the buoyancy aid is to be filled in
Foam beads in hollow tube；Growth substrate system, the growth substrate system include skeleton underlying surface and are located at the skeleton
Host material system above underlying surface, the skeleton underlying surface are connected to the lower section of the skeleton, the host material system
Two-layer water pollution overcoat, two buffer layer and matrix nturient layer including horizontal direction laying, the matrix nturient layer are located at
Between the two buffer layer, the two buffer layer is located between the two-layer water pollution overcoat；Aquatic vegetation system
System, the aquatic vegetation system include fluitante growing area and landscape plant growing area, the fluitante growing area
In loop configuration made by the hollow tube, the landscape plant growing area is located in the host material system.
The buoyancy aid of its adopted shell system of water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing system according to embodiments of the present invention
Structure takes into full account the requirement under the conditions of plant different water depth to light intensity under water, the overall suspension in water in freely adjustable chinampa
Depth.Aquatic vegetation fully takes into account plant purification efficiency and the evergreen demand with overwintering of Winter-Spring, carries out scientifically
Plants configuration.Host material is selected and takes into full account the factor such as plant growth nutritional need and water pollution stress.Ecological floating island is planted
In thing growth course, especially landscape plant growth course easily because nutrition is poor, heavy metal in water, Organic Pollution stress etc.
Factor growth restriction, growth during plant is placed directly within water are also easy to produce the bad phenomenons such as short and small, the leaf chlorosis of plant, and the present invention is carried
For matrix can filter water body major part pollutant enough and ensure root system of plant normal growth, while providing enough nitrogen phosphorus battalion
Foster material meets plant growth needs.
Wherein, the shell system adopts the mentality of designing of frame structure and buoyancy structure integration.Using new development
Material -- plastic coated metal hose is making shell system.Which possesses two big advantages：1. enough mechanical strengths and flexility,
Possesses the ability of the mechanical collisions such as protection current, stormy waves, ship.2. hollow structure, possesses the appropriate foam beads of filling to meet
Different chinampa buoyancy demands.
Water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing system according to embodiments of the present invention can also have following supplementary technology
Feature：
Preferably, the skeleton constitutes two-layer loop configuration, two-layer by the plastic coated metal hose material of a diameter of 3 ~ 10cm
Include attachment structure between loop configuration, wherein preferred a diameter of 3 ~ 5cm plastic coated metal hoses；The flexible hose covered with plastic film for being adopted
Requirement of mechanical strength natural torsion in 100 ~ 500mm, maximum axial pulling force in 300 ~ 800kg, preferred mechanical strength nature
Bending about 250 ~ 300mm, maximum axial pulling force are 400 ~ 500kg.
Preferably, the foam beads are by polyethylene（PE）, polypropylene（PP）, polyvinyl chloride（PVC）, polystyrene
（PS）Or foam beads made by the dilute resin material of polyphenyl；Its foam beads particle diameter in 3 ~ 15mm, preferable particle size scope is 5 ~
8mm；The loading of foam beads is 20 ~ 50% according to total capacity inside plastic coated metal hose.It is specifically contemplated that regulation buoyancy aid exists
In water column, different waterflooding is highly it is contemplated that suitably increase or decrease the loading of foam beads.
Preferably, the adjacent water pollution overcoat, separated with wire-mesh screen between cushion and matrix nturient layer.I.e.
Host material composition is using three layers of absolute construction design.
Preferably, the water pollution overcoat is mainly made up of the filtrate of high absorption property, to filter the huge sum of money in water body
Category, organic pollutant, preferred polyphenyl olefine resin filtrate composition, its thickness is in 2 ~ 5mm, and wherein filtrate be enough to filter in water body
Heavy metal, the pollutant such as organic matter；The cushion, is mainly made up of general sorbing material, dirty with secondary filter water body
Contaminate thing and the buffering supply of water nutrition thing is acted on, i.e.,：A small amount of pollutant that water body is remained Jing after filtrate is removed further, while
Adsorb and concentrate nitrogen and phosphorous nutrient in water body, absorb for root system of plant in then slowly discharging into internal matrix, meet plant
The demand of Water phosphorus nutrition material, preferred bamboo charcoal are far above needed for growth；The matrix nturient layer adopts free of contamination river
Mud, agricultural land soil or turf etc., provide nutrition for landscape plant growth.
Preferably, skeleton underlying surface adopt the netted structure design thinking of layer stereo, it is ensured that landscape plant Seedling Stage into
It is living.The skeleton underlying surface adopts the netted structure design of layer stereo, its material are made up of PVC or wire；Its lower net
Mesh is generally greater than upper strata width of mesh；Wherein, purse seine specification mesh adopts 0.1 ~ 2mm, upper strata width of mesh to adopt 5 ~ 20mm,
Purse seine 10 ~ 50mm of total height；It is preferred that specification is lower floor 0.5 ~ 1mm of mesh, purse seine mesh size in upper strata is 10 ~ 15mm, and purse seine is total
Highly it is 30 ~ 40mm.Its function is mainly host material and landscape plant provides carrier.The netted design advantage of multilayer：Work as plantation
During plant, add host material in multi-layer planting net, then in mesh wherein, be colonized plant shoot.The plantation net overcomes
Simple nylon wire adopted in other patents etc. can not fix the defect of root system of plant, improve plant water resistant power impulse machine and break
Bad ability.
Preferably, the fluitante growing area is made up of the good green watermifoil of the purification of water quality of the four seasons evergreen type, described
Landscape plant growing area is made up of the good powder leaf dwarf lilyturf of landscape effect.
Wherein, aquatic vegetation configuration, using purification of water quality and the graceful separate mentality of designing of landscape.Water quality is net
It is the preferably green watermifoil in fluitante to change functional localization（Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc.）.
Its significant purification of water quality advantage：Its fast growth, biomass are high, the four seasons are evergreen.Which is transparent to water body for what is more important
Degree no requirement (NR), the eutrophication water, Dissolved Oxygen in Water in nitrogen phosphorus heavily contaminated be low or even CODMnReaching hundreds of water bodys still can be prosperous
Contain growth.Its modes of reproduction can select the brood body that disconnected branch, subterranean stem and the root of green watermifoil can be planted as which and enter water-filling
Plant in face；Its plantation cover degree design is the demand of timeliness in view of the enough biomass of purification of water quality and ecological engineering, on chinampa
Plantation cover degree generally 15 ~ 50%, preferably 30 ~ 40%.
Wherein landscape grace plant collocation design, preferred aspect intersects the four seasons the powder leaf dwarf lilyturf of landscape effect
（Ophiopogon chingii）Which is colonized directly to transplant the multi-layer planting net of seedling mode to matrix scaffold underlying surface lower floor
Matrix in.Its plantation cover degree design is the demand of timeliness in view of the enough biomass of purification of water quality and ecological engineering, floating
The plantation cover degree on island generally 35 ~ 70%, preferably 50 ~ 60%.
The present invention additionally provides a kind of water body purification landscape method for constructing floating wetland based on evergreen watermifoil, including with
Lower step：
First, the structure of floating wetland unit
（1）The making of skeleton buoyancy aid integral system：A diameter of 2 ~ 5cm plastic coated metals pipe is selected to make two-layer loop configuration
At least one attachment structure and two-layer loop configuration between, forms skeleton, then fills out to filled and process particle in metal tube again
Charge size accounts for house steward's inner volume 20 ~ 50%；
（2）The installation of skeleton underlying surface：The skeleton underlying surface that PVC material makes, skeleton underlying surface are installed in skeleton lower end
Using 2 layers of 20mm thick net come texture filler；
（3）The filling of host material layer：Underlying network first in skeleton underlying surface is spread certain polyphenyl olefine resin filtrate and is made
For water pollution overcoat, activated carbon is then laid thereon as cushion, turf is finally spread thereon as matrix nutrition
Layer；
（4）The plantation of water plant：The disconnected branch of green watermifoil or whole strain seedling are directly directly disseminated to two-layer by fluitante
Between loop configuration, cover degree is controlled 30 ~ 40%；Landscape plant is directly planted in seedling in host material layer, in plantation seedling
Matrix Surface mulch activated carbon covers polyphenyl olefine resin filtrate and protects as water pollution as cushion, on the activated carbon layer afterwards
Layer, so far completes the assembling and the field planting of plant of landscape plant matrix fill, and planting density is controlled in 3 ~ 5 plants/m2；
2nd, floating wetland builds：The floating wetland unit pin stake planted is fixed, is then pressed according to the actual needs
Floating wetland unit is laid out according to certain planform and size, ultimately forms a complete floating wetland.
Preferably, the step（4）Big ditty of the initial stage by foam beads loading in skeleton hollow tube is additionally included in afterwards
Section waterflooding water level height, ensures that the minimum 1/3 plant body of plant is exposed in air.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of this technology is：
（1）Using the floating wetland unit design of reduced form skeleton buoyancy aid integration.Possesses enough mechanical strengths and one
Fixed toughness, in terms of wind wave prevention and current mechanical damage, effect is obviously improved, can be as permanent skeleton facility without the need for fixed
Phase maintenance does not result in secondary pollution of water.For existing middle skeleton material bamboo pole, floating body material foam, plastic pipe rapid wear,
And be likely to result in secondary pollution of water problem, this patent advantage can emphasis solve hard skeleton and meet external force mutability or fracture scarce
Fall into, while solving the difficulties that floating body material is directly exposed to water landscape difference and secondary pollution is easily caused after damaging.
（2）Host material is using outside water pollution overcoat, intermediate buffer layer, the independent knot of three layers of internal matrix nutritive layer
Construction system.Possess the safeguard function of heavy metal and organic pollution is filtered from water body and continually seek from water body concentration nitrogen phosphorus etc.
Foster material supplies plant growth function.For the low growth demand for being not enough to persistently maintain plant high-biomass of water body nitrogen and phosphorus
Plant root growth stress problem, three layers of the host material that this patent is provided are caused with water body plurality of heavy metal, organic pollution
The difficult point of stress that the design structure of autonomous system can synchronously solve vegetable material plant nutrient scarcity problem and root system of plant is got dirty
Problem.
（3）Introduce brand-new vegetable material and its recovery technique.Emphasis solves general water plant winter-spring season chlorosis, biology
Measure the difficulties of low little water environment capacity, purification of water quality efficiency and Winter-Spring sight difference.The present invention by new frame structure with
The mentality of designing of buoyancy structure integration, the graceful four seasons evergreen type vegetable material of the efficient and landscape of introducing（Green watermifoil
（Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc.）With powder leaf dwarf lilyturf（Ophiopogon chingii var. glaucifolius））Restoration of the ecosystem is carried out, is the technological innovation injection new vitality of current China's floating wetland.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is floating wetland cellular construction schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the generalized section after Fig. 1 host materials layer segment amplifies.
Description of reference numerals：1. green watermifoil growing area, 2. powder leaf dwarf lilyturf growing area, 3. skeleton underlying surface, 4. pin
Stake, 5. host material layer, 6. skeleton, 7. water pollution overcoat, 8. cushion, 9. matrix nturient layer.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, serious rice-nutrient water body is administered using green watermifoil+powder leaf dwarf lilyturf combination floating wetland
Ecological restoring method and water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing system.
First, the structure of floating wetland unit, mainly fills out including carcasing, the netted underlying surface installation of multilayer, matrix fill
Fill and transplant with water plant.
The making of skeleton buoyancy aid integral system.A diameter of 3 ~ 5cm plastic coated metals pipe is selected to make two-layer loop configuration
At least one attachment structure and two-layer loop configuration between, forms skeleton 6.It is green fox between wherein inside and outside two-layer loop configuration
Tail algae growing area 1, is powder leaf dwarf lilyturf growing area 2 above matrix nturient layer 9, within internal layer loop configuration, concrete size
According to depending on being actually needed.Then again to filled and process particle in metal tube, it is left that loading size accounts for house steward's inner volume 40%
It is right.Skeleton buoyancy aid integral system has fixed structure and buoyancy aid function concurrently, hard using rigidity that possess certain flexibility and hollow
Material recycles foam beads to be filled in hollow framework material so as to obtain enough making definite shape skeleton structure
Buoyancy supporting total.Using the material of new development -- plastic coated metal hose is making shell system.It is big which possesses two
Advantage：First, enough mechanical strengths and flexility, the ability for possessing the mechanical collisions such as protection current, stormy waves, ship.2nd, in
Hollow structure, possesses the appropriate foam beads of filling to meet different chinampa buoyancy demands.The machinery of the flexible hose covered with plastic film for being adopted is strong
Degree can be mechanical strength natural torsion about 250 ~ 300mm, and maximum axial pulling force is 400 ~ 500kg.
The installation of skeleton underlying surface 3.The multilayer field planting net that PVC material makes is installed in 6 lower end of skeleton（Skeleton underlay
Face 3）.Field planting net is entered according to the size of seedling come texture filler, concrete mesh and height size using 2 layers of 20mm thick net
Row adjustment.
The filling of host material layer 5.Underlying network first in skeleton underlying surface 3 spreads certain polyphenyl olefine resin filtrate
As water pollution overcoat 7, activated carbon is then laid thereon as cushion 8, turf etc. is finally spread thereon as base
Matter nutritive layer 9, finally completes the host material part of landscape plant growth, mark 5 in such as Fig. 1.Water pollution overcoat 7 it is main by
The filtrate composition of high absorption property, wherein filtrate be enough to filter the pollutants such as heavy metal in water body, organic matter.Middle buffering
Layer 8, is mainly made up of general sorbing material, can be bamboo charcoal etc., and its function is to play secondary filter water pollutant and water
The buffering supply effect of body nutrients, i.e.,：A small amount of pollutant that water body is remained Jing after filtrate is removed further, while adsorbing and concentrating
Water phosphorus recycling, absorbs for root system of plant in then slowly discharging into internal matrix, meets remote needed for plant growth
Higher than the demand of Water phosphorus nutrition material.Internal layer be mainly matrix nturient layer 9, its material can using free of contamination river silt,
Agricultural land soil, turf etc., provide nutrition for landscape plant growth.
The plantation of water plant.Fluitante, preferably green watermifoil（Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc.）.Directly the disconnected branch of green watermifoil or whole strain seedling are directly disseminated in Fig. 1 in green watermifoil growing area 1,
Cover degree is controlled 40% or so.There are the powder leaf dwarf lilyturf of landscape effect in the landscape plant preferred aspect intersection four seasons（Ophiopogon chingii）, seedling is directly planted in powder leaf dwarf lilyturf growing area 2, i.e., in host material layer 5（The online matrix of multi-layer plant
In）, plantation seedling after matrix Surface mulch 2mm activated carbons, on the activated carbon layer cover 2mm polyphenyl olefine resin filtrate, extremely
This completes the assembling and the field planting of plant of landscape plant matrix fill.Waterflooding water level height is suitably adjusted in the early stage, ensures plant
During minimum 1/3 plant body is exposed to air, planting density is controlled in 3 ~ 5 plants/m2。
2nd, floating wetland builds. the floating wetland unit pin stake 4 planted is fixed, then according to the actual needs
Floating wetland unit is laid out according to certain planform and size, ultimately forms a complete floating wetland.
The floating wetland constructing technology that the present invention is provided simplifies the design of floating wetland unit, enhances floating wetland fortune
Resist during row that stormy waves washes away, Summer Heavy Rainfall moment rises suddenly and sharply the impulsive force of current, also avoid the leakage of floating body material simultaneously
Cause the secondary pollution of water body.The matrix system that what is more important is provided grows stress in can solving growing process and asks
Topic, it is ensured that wetland plant material possesses enough biomass and ensured its purification efficiency.The vegetable material four that the present invention is adopted
Season is evergreen to improve landscape effect, and the resistance of summer tornado plant flooding stress is splendid, reduces floating wetland and safeguards into
This.
Case study on implementation 1：Zhejiang Jiaxing breeding wastewater rural area river channel ecology is administered
The rural area river course of Zhejiang Jiaxing Pig raising wastewater discharge, bottom of river channel deposit substantial amounts of swine excrement and black smelly bottom throughout the year
Mud, water body extreme anaerobism, water transparency is less than 20cm, COD severe overweights, bad V class of category surface water.Water body pasture and water, fishes and shrimps etc.
Almost disappear.During the river course comprehensive regulation, Jing after Sediment Dredging, ecological recovery in advance need to be carried out to water body.Using this
Bright floating wetland constructing technology, in river course, the waters of overall width 50% builds floating wetland.
（1）The plastic coated metal pipe for selecting a diameter of 3cm first is framework material, fills particle diameter for 3cm's inside metal tube
Foam beads 40%.Make square floating wetland cellular construction framework.
（2）In the multi-layer planting net of base of frame fixing PVC material.The mesh of plantation net selects lower floor to select 0.5mm Buddhist nun
Imperial web tier selects the Double-level Reticulated of 10mm meshes to do underlying surface.Then the polyphenyl olefine resin filtrate of 3mm is spread in multilayer sieve bottom,
Then in the middle of, the activated carbon of laying 2mm, finally spreads the turf of 10mm on the activated carbon.
(3) in inner ring multi-layer plant on the net according to 5 plants/m2Planting density powder leaf dwarf lilyturf is planted in turf layer,
Dwarf lilyturf selects plant height to carry out unifying plantation in the seedling of 5 ~ 8cm.The matrix Surface mulch 2mm activated carbons after plantation seedling,
Activated carbon upper strata covers the polyphenyl olefine resin filtrate of 2mm, so far completes the assembling and the field planting of plant of landscape plant matrix fill.
Then the outer shroud for being disseminated to floating on water wetland unit is directly transplanted using the disconnected branch or plant body of green watermifoil（1 in Fig. 1
Point）.So far complete the structure of floating wetland elementary cell.
（4）According to the depth of the developed width in river course, the river course depth of water is selected to exist>The waters arrangement floating wetland list of 50cm
Unit, splices to elementary cell according to the cover degree and river width actual size in river course waters 50%.Finally complete floating wetland
Structure.
Above-mentioned green watermifoil selects the time of plantation mostly to be for 10 ~ November, and the plantation of landscape plant powder leaf dwarf lilyturf is selected
Planted in 3 ~ April.In planting process, waterflooding is highly less than the 2/3 of total plantation height.The Jing tracking of continuous 6 months point
Analysis, discovery have the floating wetland section of green watermifoil+powder leaf dwarf lilyturf laying, and water transparency is improved to 50 ~ 70cm, and water body is molten
Solution oxygen is in 5mgL-1, water body substantially weakens without obvious black floating thing, water body foul smell, black algae that some areas are reseeded etc.
Submerged plant growth is luxuriant, and branches and leaves extend to the water surface, and water transparency is improved to 60 ~ 100cm.And the check plot only dredged,
, less than 30cm, Dissolved Oxygen in Water is less than 1 mgL for river water body transparency-1, water surface localized clusters black organic floating thing.It is heavier
What is wanted is that, in summer, green watermifoil growth is vigorous, can grow to more than 90% by 50% in 30 days or so biomass coverages, in time
After being salvaged.Winter green watermifoil and powder leaf dwarf lilyturf still grow vigorous, and the oxygen-enriched ability of water body and nitrogen and phosphorus pollutantses are removed
Ability still keeps efficient and landscape effect is splendid.
Case study on implementation 2：The broken end creek river regulation of Zhejiang Jiaxing heavily contaminated rural area.
The broken end creek river course of Zhejiang Jiaxing Haining rural domestic waste discharge, bottom of river channel deposit substantial amounts of black smelly bottom throughout the year
Mud, water body extreme anaerobism, water transparency is less than 30cm, COD severe overweights, bad V class of category surface water.Water body pasture and water, fishes and shrimps etc.
Almost disappear.During the river course comprehensive regulation, Jing after bed mud desilting, the comprehensive regulation need to be carried out to river course.Using the present invention's
Floating wetland constructing technology, in river course, the waters of overall width 60% builds floating wetland.
（1）The plastic coated metal pipe for selecting a diameter of 3cm first is framework material, fills particle diameter for 3cm's inside metal tube
Foam beads 40%.Make square floating wetland cellular construction framework.
（2）In the multi-layer planting net of base of frame fixing PVC material.The mesh of plantation net selects lower floor to select 0.5mm Buddhist nun
Imperial web tier selects the Double-level Reticulated of 10mm meshes to do underlying surface.Then the polyphenyl olefine resin filtrate of 3mm is spread in multilayer sieve bottom,
Then in the middle of, the activated carbon of laying 2mm, finally spreads the turf of 10mm on the activated carbon.
(3) in inner ring multi-layer plant on the net according to 5 plants/m2Planting density powder leaf dwarf lilyturf is planted in turf layer,
Dwarf lilyturf selects plant height to carry out unifying plantation in the seedling of 5 ~ 8cm.The matrix Surface mulch 2mm activated carbons after plantation seedling,
Activated carbon upper strata covers the polyphenyl olefine resin filtrate of 2mm, so far completes the assembling and the field planting of plant of landscape plant matrix fill.
Then the outer shroud for being disseminated to floating on water wetland unit is directly transplanted using the disconnected branch or plant body of green watermifoil（1 in Fig. 1
Point）.So far complete the structure of floating wetland elementary cell.
（4）According to the depth of the developed width in river course, the river course depth of water is selected to exist>The waters arrangement floating wetland list of 50cm
Unit, splices to elementary cell according to the cover degree and river width actual size in river course waters 50%.Finally complete floating wetland
Structure.
Above-mentioned green watermifoil selects the time of plantation mostly to be for 10 ~ November, and the plantation of landscape plant powder leaf dwarf lilyturf is selected
Planted in 3 ~ April.In planting process, waterflooding is highly less than the 2/3 of total plantation height.The Jing tracking of continuous 6 months point
Analysis, discovery have the floating wetland section of green watermifoil+powder leaf dwarf lilyturf laying, and Dissolved Oxygen in Water is in 5 ~ 7mgL-1, water body portion
Point section carries out plantation hornwort, and hornwort growth is vigorous, and waters water transparency is improved to 60 ~ 80cm.And only dredge
Check plot, less than 30cm, Dissolved Oxygen in Water is less than 2mgL for river water body transparency-1。
Claims (14)
1. a kind of water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing system, it is characterised in that include：
Skeleton buoyancy aid integral system, the skeleton buoyancy aid integral system include skeleton and buoyancy aid, and the skeleton is included by
Loop configuration made by blank pipe, the buoyancy aid are the foam beads being filled in hollow tube；
Growth substrate system, the growth substrate system include skeleton underlying surface and the matrix above the skeleton underlying surface
Material system, the skeleton underlying surface are connected to the lower section of the skeleton, and the host material system includes that horizontal direction is laid
Two-layer water pollution overcoat, two buffer layer and matrix nturient layer, the matrix nturient layer be located at the two buffer layer it
Between, the two buffer layer is located between the two-layer water pollution overcoat, and the water pollution overcoat is mainly by high adsorption
The filtrate composition of energy, to filter the heavy metal in water body, organic pollutant；The cushion, mainly by general adsorption material
Material is constituted, with secondary filter water pollutant and to the buffering supply effect of water nutrition thing；The matrix nturient layer is using without dirt
The river silt of dye, agricultural land soil or turf, provide nutrition for landscape plant growth；The water pollution overcoat is mainly by polyphenyl alkene tree
Fat filtrate is constituted；The cushion is mainly made up of bamboo charcoal；
Aquatic vegetation system, the aquatic vegetation system include fluitante growing area and landscape plant growing area,
The fluitante growing area is located in loop configuration made by the hollow tube, and the landscape plant growing area is located at the base
In material system；
The skeleton constitutes two-layer loop configuration by the plastic coated metal hose material of a diameter of 3 ~ 10cm, two-layer loop configuration it
Between include attachment structure；The requirement of mechanical strength natural torsion of the plastic coated metal hose for being adopted is in 100 ~ 500mm, maximum axial
Pulling force is in 300 ~ 800kg.
2. water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described plastic gold
A diameter of 3 ~ 5cm of category flexible pipe.
3. water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described plastic gold
Mechanical strength 250 ~ the 300mm of natural torsion of category flexible pipe, maximum axial pulling force are 400 ~ 500kg.
4. water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the foam beads
It is by polyethylene（PE）, polypropylene（PP）, polyvinyl chloride（PVC）, polystyrene（PS）Or steep made by the dilute resin material of polyphenyl
Foam particle；Its foam beads particle diameter is in 3 ~ 15mm；The loading of foam beads is according to total capacity inside plastic coated metal hose
20~50%。
5. water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the foam beads
Particle size range be 5 ~ 8mm.
6. water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cushion and
Separated with wire-mesh screen between matrix nturient layer.
7. water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the water pollution is prevented
The thickness of sheath is in 2 ~ 5mm.
8. water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the skeleton underlay
Face adopts the netted structure design of layer stereo, its material to be made up of PVC or wire；Its lower floor's net meshe is big higher than upper strata mesh
It is little；Wherein, purse seine specification mesh adopts 0.1 ~ 2mm, upper strata width of mesh to adopt 5 ~ 20mm, purse seine 10 ~ 50mm of total height.
9. water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the purse seine specification
For lower floor 0.5 ~ 1mm of mesh, upper strata purse seine mesh size is 10 ~ 15mm, and purse seine total height is 30 ~ 40mm.
10. water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the floating is planted
Species growing area is made up of the good green watermifoil of the purification of water quality of the four seasons evergreen type, and the landscape plant growing area is good by landscape effect
Powder leaf dwarf lilyturf composition.
11. water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing systems according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the green fox-brush
Algae plantation cover degree is 15 ~ 50%, and the powder leaf dwarf lilyturf plantation cover degree is 35 ~ 70%.
12. water body purification landscape floating wetland constructing systems according to claim 11, it is characterised in that the green fox-brush
Algae plantation cover degree is 30 ~ 40%；The powder leaf dwarf lilyturf plantation cover degree is 50 ~ 60%.
13. a kind of water body purification landscape method for constructing floating wetland based on evergreen watermifoil, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
First, the structure of floating wetland unit
（1）The making of skeleton buoyancy aid integral system：A diameter of 2 ~ 5cm plastic coated metals pipe is selected to make two-layer loop configuration and two
At least one attachment structure between layer loop configuration, forms skeleton, then again to filled and process particle, loading in metal tube
Size accounts for house steward's inner volume 20 ~ 50%；
（2）The installation of skeleton underlying surface：The skeleton underlying surface that PVC material makes is installed in skeleton lower end, skeleton underlying surface is adopted
2 layers of 20mm thick net carry out texture filler；
（3）The filling of host material layer：Underlying network first in skeleton underlying surface spreads certain polyphenyl olefine resin filtrate as water
Pollution overcoat, then lays activated carbon thereon as cushion, finally spreads turf thereon as matrix nturient layer；
（4）The plantation of water plant：The disconnected branch of green watermifoil or whole strain seedling are directly directly disseminated to two-layer annular by fluitante
Between structure, cover degree is controlled 30 ~ 40%；Landscape plant is directly planted in seedling in host material layer, the base after plantation seedling
Used as cushion, layer covers polyphenyl olefine resin filtrate as water pollution overcoat to matter Surface mulch activated carbon on the activated carbon, extremely
This completes the assembling and the field planting of plant of landscape plant matrix fill, and planting density is controlled in 3 ~ 5 plants/m2；
2nd, floating wetland builds：The floating wetland unit pin stake planted is fixed, then according to the actual needs according to one
Fixed planform and size are laid out to floating wetland unit, ultimately form a complete floating wetland.
14. methods according to claim 13, it is characterised in that the step（4）After be additionally included in the initial stage by skeleton
The size adjustment waterflooding water level height of foam beads loading in blank pipe, ensures that the minimum 1/3 plant body of plant is exposed in air.
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| CN106759118B (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2019-03-12 | 南京工业大学 | A kind of offshore shoal wetland construction method for hard revetment river |
| CN107265654B (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2021-02-09 | 南京大学 | Construction method of organic pollution constructed wetland aquatic plant community |
| CN107973416A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-01 | 杭州中艺生态环境工程有限公司 | Fresh water beach ecoscape water cleaning systems |
| CN109406244B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2023-10-10 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Aquatic plant root system secretion normal position collection device |
| CN111248116B (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2021-08-03 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | Method for evaluating influence of external acting force on fish community |
| CN113968625A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-01-25 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Floating frame for fixing myriophyllum viridis and method for treating eutrophic water body |
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