CN104395565A - 带有一体式泄放阀芯的五通油控制阀 - Google Patents

带有一体式泄放阀芯的五通油控制阀 Download PDF

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CN104395565A
CN104395565A CN201380033039.7A CN201380033039A CN104395565A CN 104395565 A CN104395565 A CN 104395565A CN 201380033039 A CN201380033039 A CN 201380033039A CN 104395565 A CN104395565 A CN 104395565A
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spool
valve body
radial direction
port
valve
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CN104395565B (zh
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M·R·贝雷兹尼
G·R·霍姆斯
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BorgWarner Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/065—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
    • F16K11/07—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/065—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
    • F16K11/07—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides
    • F16K11/0716—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides with fluid passages through the valve member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34426—Oil control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34426—Oil control valves
    • F01L2001/3443—Solenoid driven oil control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34426—Oil control valves
    • F01L2001/34433—Location oil control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34436—Features or method for avoiding malfunction due to foreign matters in oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2820/00—Details on specific features characterising valve gear arrangements
    • F01L2820/01—Absolute values
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86574—Supply and exhaust
    • Y10T137/8667—Reciprocating valve
    • Y10T137/86694—Piston valve
    • Y10T137/8671—With annular passage [e.g., spool]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

一种流体流动控制阀(10)，该阀具有一个长形阀体(14)，该阀体带有一个纵向延伸的孔(14a)和多个形成于其中的纵向间隔开的径向延伸端口(14b)。该阀体(14)包括位于两个相邻的径向延伸端口(14b)之间的一个凹陷部分(14c)。该阀体(14)的纵向延伸孔(14a)内的一个阀芯(12)能够在行程的第一末端极限与第二末端极限之间运动。阀芯(12)具有多个凸台(12a)和多个直径减少部分(12b)，这些直径减少部分限定了取决于该阀芯(12)在该阀体(14)内的纵向位置而与该阀体(14)的选择的多个径向延伸端口(14b)流体连通的多个流体通道(18)。在该阀芯(12)中形成了一个纵向延伸通道(12c)和一个径向延伸通道(12d)。该径向延伸通道(12d)终止于该阀芯(12)的一个凸台(12a)中以用于与该阀体(14)的凹陷部分(14c)流体连通。

Description

带有一体式泄放阀芯的五通油控制阀
技术领域
本发明涉及对相位器腔室之间的流体流动的控制从而允许控制与操纵凸轮轴，并且更具体地说是壳体中和支承件内端口结构所位于之处控制油的流动。
背景技术
用于可变凸轮轴正时(VCT)***的控制阀是为人熟知的。例如，见美国专利号7,841,310；美国专利号7,584,728；美国专利号6,941,913；美国专利号6,374,787；美国专利号6,247,434；以及美国专利号5,497,738。由于作为迫切现实的更小的发动机以及更严格的燃油经济性的要求，许多汽车生产商现在认为重量是高度敏感的，从而需要研发新型的并且有前景的技术。为了满足这些要求，令人希望的是提供一种具有更短封装长度并且减小重量的控制阀。
概述
带有一个整合的泄放滑阀的这种五通油控制阀(OCV)是一个液压控制装置。尽管该技术本质上是基础性的并且可跨多学科应用，但是它主要用于汽车应用中。
OCV控制着相位器腔室之间的油，从而允许实现对凸轮轴的控制与操纵。这个特别的五通OCV由于贯穿滑阀的这种独特的泄放端口结构而通过一个阀就实现了通常要求多个阀才能实现的功能。这种结构允许了实现实用且可行的可制造性和组装，与此同时有可能实现将其整合到现有汽车的子***中。相比之下，如果没有这种通过阀芯泄放的、独特的端口结构，这种阀就会格外的长。
这种泄放滑阀的概念出众的优点在于所披露的结构导致了一种较短的封装和减少的重量。由于更小的发动机以及更严格的燃油经济性的需求的这种迫切现实，许多汽车生产商现在认为重量是高度敏感的，从而要求研发新型且有前景的技术。
对于本领域普通技术人员而言在结合以下附图来阅读用于实践本发明所考虑的最佳模式的说明时，本发明的其他应用将变得清楚。
附图的简要说明
此处的说明参照了附图，其中在这几个视图中相似的参考号指代相似的部分，并且在附图中：
图1是由螺线管操纵的油控制阀(OCV)的截面视图，展示了在壳体与支承件中的多个端口位置；
图2是图1的一个凹陷的泄放结构的一个详细截面视图；
图3是图1的一个凹陷的泄放滑阀的一个详细截面视图；
图4是图1的油控制阀的液压部分的一个详细截面视图；并且
图5是现有技术的致动器的一个截面视图，展示了当与图1至4中的致动器的改善了的构形相比较时油控制阀出于适当功能的一个所要求的更长的液压长度。
详细说明
内燃发动机的可变凸轮轴正时(VCT)相位器包括多个可膨胀的流体室，这些流体室限定了主动定子与从动转子之间的一种流体联接以用于调整从动凸轮轴相对于该内燃机的主动曲轴的一个角定向。一个油控制阀(OCV)10控制加压流体、例如液压油响应于阀芯12相对于阀体14的一个纵向位置而流进和流出该可膨胀的流体室。阀芯12是由一个致动器、例如螺线管操纵的致动器16来响应于来自发动机控制单元(ECU)的信号而驱动的。
现在参考图1至4，流体控制阀10包括一个长形阀体14，该阀体具有一个纵向延伸的孔14a以及多个形成于其中的径向延伸的端口14b。阀体14包括位于两个相邻径向延伸的端口14b之间的至少一个凹陷部分14c。一个阀芯12被定位成在阀体14的这个纵向延伸孔14a内在行程的第一末端极限与第二末端极限之间做往复运动。阀芯12可以包括多个凸台12a和多个直径减少部分12b，这些直径减少部分限定了取决于这个阀芯12在阀体14内的纵向位置而与选择的多个径向延伸端口14b流体连通多个液体通道18。阀芯12具有一个纵向延伸通道12c和一个径向延伸通道12d。这个径向延伸通道12d终止于阀芯的一个凸台12a处以用于与阀体14的凹陷部分14c流体连通。
阀体14的这个凹陷部分14c允许在阀芯12被纵向定位成与阀体14的这些邻近的径向延伸端口14b中的一个端口流体连通时使得通过阀芯12的纵向延伸通道12c的流体泄放。阀芯12的这个凸台12a具有一个足够尺寸的纵向长度以允许终止在该凸台12a中的这至少一个径向延伸通道12d取决于阀芯12在阀体14内的纵向位置而与阀体14的两个相邻的延伸端口14b中的任一个端口流体连通。阀芯12的纵向延伸通道12c可以包括一个开放的纵向末端12e和一个径向延伸通道12f，该径向延伸通道终止于阀芯12的一个直径减少部分12b处。
一个弹簧20将阀芯12相对于阀体14朝向行程的第一与第二末端极限中的一个末端极限偏置。一个螺线管致动器16将阀芯12驱动成抵抗弹簧20的迫动力而在阀体14内做纵向运动。
在运行中，阀体14和阀芯12限定了带有整合的泄放柱塞12的一种五通控制阀10。如图2中最佳可见，阀芯12可以被放置在相对于该阀体的凹陷部分14c的三个位置上。首先，阀芯12可以定位成使得径向延伸通道12d与阀体14的这个凹陷部分14c处于流体连通并且是被密封以免与阀体的这些相邻的径向延伸端口14b中的任一个端口流体连通的。这可以被称之为中性位置或非泄放零位置。其次，如图2中所描绘，阀芯12可以从零位置移位到右侧以便使径向延伸通道12d与位于阀体14的凹陷部分14c右侧的这个径向延伸端口14b流体连通。这允许相位器的与这个“右侧”的径向延伸端口14b连通的可膨胀的流体室通过该阀体12的径向延伸通道12c来泄放。第三，如图2中所示，阀芯12可以从该零位置被移位到左侧以便使径向延伸通道12d与位于阀体14的凹陷部分14c左侧的这个径向延伸端口14b流体连通。这允许相位器的与这个“左侧”的径向延伸端口14b连通的可膨胀的流体室通过该阀体12的径向延伸通道12c来泄放。
现在参考图5，展示了现有技术的致动器10a以便描绘当与图1至4中的致动器的改进的、63.24毫米(mm)的长度的构形相比较时，针对油控阀的处于适当功能的一个所要求的更长的70.55毫米(mm)的液压长度。应认识到这些尺寸是以实例方式给出的并且对该油控制阀的所披露的构形不具有局限性。
应认识到本发明已经相对于用于可变凸轮轴正时相位器的控制阀进行了披露。然而，所披露的这种控制阀构形可以应用于其他应用和其他流体控制***而并不局限于所披露的可变凸轮轴正时相位器的构形。该控制阀构形针对所要求的功能提供了一种与先前可供使用的相比减小的纵向尺寸，这是通过将这些泄放通道整合地结合在该控制阀的阀芯中来实现的。所披露的控制阀构形针对所要求的功能提供了与先前可供使用的相比减小的重量，这是通过将这些泄放通道整合地结合在该控制阀的阀芯中来实现的。
虽然本发明已经结合目前所考虑到的最实用和优选的实施例进行了说明，应该理解本发明不限于所披露的这些实施例，而相反地是旨在涵盖在所附权利要求的精神和范围中包括的不同的修改和等效安排，对该范围应给予最广义的解释以便涵盖如法律所容许的所有此类修改和等效结构。

Claims (15)

1.一种阀(10)，该阀用于控制一个相位器的多个可膨胀的流体腔室之间的加压流体流动以用于调整一个从动凸轮轴相对于一个内燃发动机的主动曲轴的角取向，该阀包括：
一个长形阀体(14)，该阀体具有一个纵向延伸的孔(14a)和多个形成于其中的径向延伸端口(14b)，该阀体(14)包括至少一个定位于两个相邻的径向延伸端口(14b)之间的凹陷部分(14c)；以及
一个阀芯(12)，该阀芯定位于该阀体(14)的纵向延伸孔(14a)内以用于在行程的第一末端极限与第二末端极限之间运动，该阀芯(12)具有多个凸台(12a)和多个直径减小部分(12b)，这些直径减小部分限定了取决于该阀芯(12)在该阀体(14)内的纵向位置而与该阀体(14)的多个选择的径向延伸端口(14b)流体连通的多个流体通道(18)，该阀芯(12)具有一个纵向延伸通道(12c)和一个径向延伸通道(12d)，该径向延伸通道(12d)终止于该阀芯(12)的一个凸台(12a)处以用于与该阀体(14)的凹陷部分(14c)流体连通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阀(10)，其中当该阀芯(12)的径向延伸通道(12d)被纵向地定位成相对于该阀体(14)的这些相邻的径向延伸端口(14b)中的一个端口流体连通时，该阀体(14)的凹陷部分(14c)允许通过该阀芯(12)的纵向延伸通道(12c)进行泄放。
3.根据权利要求1所述的阀(10)，其中该阀芯(12)的凸台(12a)具有的纵向长度允许终止于该凸台内的该径向延伸通道(12d)取决于该阀芯(12)在该阀体(14)内的纵向位置而与该阀体(14)的这两个相邻的径向延伸端口(14b)中的任一个端口流体连通，并且当处于一个零位置时使得该径向延伸通道(12d)密封以免与该阀体(14)的这两个相邻的径向延伸端口(14b)中的任一个端口流体连通。
4.根据权利要求1所述的阀(10)，其中该阀芯(12)的纵向延伸通道(12c)包括一个开放的纵向末端(12e)和一个径向延伸通道(12f)，该径向延伸通道终止于该阀芯(12)的一个直径减少的部分(12b)处。
5.如权利要求1所述的阀(10)，进一步包括：
一个弹簧(20)，该弹簧用于将该阀芯(12)相对于该阀体(14)朝向行程的该第一末端极限和第二末端极限中的一个末端极限偏置。
6.如权利要求5所述的阀(10)，进一步包括：
一个螺线管致动器(16)，该螺线管致动器用于将该阀芯(12)驱动成在该阀体(14)内抵抗该弹簧(20)做纵向运动。
7.在一种可变凸轮轴正时***中，该可变凸轮轴正时***包括一个具有多个可膨胀的流体室的相位器以用于利用供应通过一个控制阀(10)的加压的流体流来调整一个从动凸轮轴相对于一个内燃发动机的主动曲轴的一种角取向，该控制阀(10)的改进包括：
一个长形阀体(14)，该阀体具有一个纵向延伸的孔(14a)和多个形成于其中的径向延伸端口(14b)，该阀体(14)包括至少一个定位于两个相邻的径向延伸端口(14b)之间的凹陷部分(14c)；以及
一个阀芯(12)，该阀芯定位于该阀体(14)的纵向延伸孔(14a)内以用于在行程的第一末端极限与第二末端极限之间运动，该阀芯(12)具有多个凸台(12a)和多个直径减小部分(12b)，这些直径减小部分限定了取决于该阀芯(12)在该阀体(14)内的纵向位置而与该阀体(14)的多个选择的径向延伸端口(14b)流体连通的多个流体通道(18)，该阀芯(12)具有一个纵向延伸通道(12c)和一个径向延伸通道(12d)，该径向延伸通道(12d)终止于该阀芯(12)的一个凸台(12a)处以用于与该阀体(14)的凹陷部分(14c)流体连通。
8.根据权利要求7所述的改进，其中当该阀芯(12)的径向延伸通道(12d)被纵向地定位成相对于该阀体(14)的这些相邻的径向延伸端口(14b)中的一个端口流体连通时，该阀体(14)的凹陷部分(14c)允许通过该阀芯(12)的纵向延伸通道(12c)进行泄放。
9.根据权利要求7所述的改进，其中该阀芯(12)的凸台(12a)具有的纵向长度允许终止于该凸台内的该径向延伸通道(12d)取决于该阀芯(12)在该阀体(14)内的纵向位置而与该阀体(14)的这两个相邻的径向延伸端口(14b)中的任一个端口流体连通，并且当处于一个零位置时使得该径向延伸通道(12d)密封以免与该阀体(14)的这两个相邻的径向延伸端口(14b)中的任一个端口流体连通。
10.根据权利要求7所述的改进，其中该阀芯(12)的纵向延伸通道(12c)包括一个开放的纵向末端(12e)和一个径向延伸通道(12f)，该径向延伸通道终止于该阀芯(12)的一个直径减少部分(12b)处。
11.如权利要求7所述的改进，进一步包括：
一个弹簧(20)，该弹簧用于将该阀芯(12)相对于该阀体(14)朝向行程的该第一末端极限和第二末端极限中的一个末端极限偏置。
12.如权利要求11所述的改进，进一步包括：
一个螺线管致动器(16)，该螺线管致动器用于将该阀芯(12)驱动成在该阀体(14)内抵抗该弹簧(20)做纵向运动。
13.一种流体流动控制阀(10)，包括：
一个长形阀体(14)，该阀体具有一个纵向延伸的孔(14a)和多个形成于其中的纵向间隔开的径向延伸端口(14b)，该阀体(14)包括至少一个定位于两个相邻的径向延伸端口(14b)之间的凹陷部分(14c)；以及
一个阀芯(12)，该阀芯定位于该阀体(14)的纵向延伸孔(14a)内以用于在行程的第一末端极限与第二末端极限之间运动，该阀芯(12)具有多个凸台(12a)和多个直径减小部分(12b)，这些直径减小部分限定了取决于该阀芯(12)在该阀体(14)内的纵向位置而与该阀体(14)的多个选择的径向延伸端口(14b)流体连通的多个流体通道(18)，该阀芯(12)具有一个纵向延伸通道(12c)和一个径向延伸通道(12d)，该径向延伸通道(12d)终止于该阀芯(12)的一个凸台(12a)中以用于与该阀体(14)的凹陷部分(14c)流体连通。
14.如权利要求13所述的阀(10)，进一步包括：
该阀芯(12)的凸台(12a)具有的纵向长度允许终止于该凸台内的该径向延伸通道(12d)取决于该阀芯(12)在该阀体(14)内的纵向位置而与该阀体(14)的这两个相邻的径向延伸端口(14b)中的任一个端口流体连通，并且当处于一个零位置时使得该径向延伸通道(12d)密封以免与该阀体(14)的这两个相邻的径向延伸端口(14b)中的任一个端口流体连通。
15.如权利要求13所述的阀(10)，进一步包括：
当该阀芯(12)的径向延伸通道(12d)被纵向地定位成相对于该阀体(14)的这些相邻的径向延伸端口(14b)中的一个端口流体连通时，该阀体(14)的凹陷部分(14c)允许通过该阀芯(12)的纵向延伸通道(12c)进行泄放。
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