CN104393390B - Compact plane branch coupler for single-pass or double-pass band - Google Patents
Compact plane branch coupler for single-pass or double-pass band Download PDFInfo
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- CN104393390B CN104393390B CN201410740353.5A CN201410740353A CN104393390B CN 104393390 B CN104393390 B CN 104393390B CN 201410740353 A CN201410740353 A CN 201410740353A CN 104393390 B CN104393390 B CN 104393390B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compact plane branch coupler for a single-pass or double-pass band, and the compact plane branch coupler is provided with a main line and a secondary line both which are symmetrical about left and right sides, and a branch line which is symmetrical about upper and lower parts, both ends of the main line are respectively provided with an input end and a first isolation port, both ends of the secondary line are respectively provided with a second isolation port and a coupling port, and the branch line is arranged between the main line and the secondary line and connected with them. The compact plane branch coupler adopts a micro-strip structure and has the advantages of compact design, simple processing, low cost and easy integration; to the coupler based on the branch line structure, the main line and the secondary line adopt the equivalent structure of the uploaded open-circuit branch knot, convenient to be miniaturized; the bandwidth is increased by the cascade structures of two quarter-wavelength branch couplers; the coupler has better isolation more than 20dB; according to the actual demand, the coupler can be adaptively improved, and the electrical length of the branch line is adjusted to twice of that of the single-pass band coupler branch line such that the coupler can be operated in the double-pass band environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high performance microwave coupler technologies field, more particularly to a kind of it is applied to the compact of single or double passband
Type plane branch coupler.
Background technology
With growing, the various Modern Communication System fast developments of radio communication.In order to adapt to Modern Communication System
Requirement, small size, broadband, many passband passive devices become the emphasis of research.In radio system, bonder can be used as work(point
Device, frequency mixer, power combiner and phase shifter, widely it is embedded among electronic system, becomes many microwave circuits
Important component part.
According to research reports, bonder species is various in structure, widely different for root, including：Coaxial line style, waveguide
Type, micro strip line type and stripline.Four kinds, i.e. Small aperture coupling, parallel coupling, branch line coupling are broadly divided into from the point of view of coupling mechanism
Close, match double T.In radio system, branch line coupler can make microwave electricity due to it on the basis of coupler performance is ensured
Realize miniaturization and be taken seriously in road.
At present, a series of research work have been carried out to bonder both at home and abroad, and achieved some achievements.But, report out
The bonder for coming generally is faced with following some defects：
(1) bonder much using cavity body structure realize, the big weight weight of volume, be not easy to system compact with it is integrated.
(2) a part of bonder adopts multiple structure, the characteristics of such bonder typically has wide bandwidth, high-isolation,
But multilayer technique makes processing and fabricating become complex.
(3) part bonder adopts plane branch line structure, and the bonder of this kind of implementation is compared to traditional cavity
Structure Coupling device, there is certain improvement on volume and weight, but size is still larger, and performance is still unable to reach optimum.
For conventional coupler size problem bigger than normal, some documents are had at present and is proposed in branch line input and output
Lamped element is loaded between microstrip line between end.According to " T.Hirota；A.Minakaw；and M.Muraguchi,
“Reduced-size branch-line and rat-race hybrids for uniplanar MMIC’s,”IEEE
Analysis in Trans.Microwave Theory Tech., vol.MTT-38, no.3, pp.270-275, Mar.1990 ", leads to
Loading lumped capacitive elements are crossed, the impedance of microstrip line can be increased, in order that the impedance of input and output reaches matching, in certain journey
To shorten the length of microstrip line on degree, so as to reach undersized purpose is subtracted.The shortcoming of this method is to introduce lamped element
Simultaneously resonant frequency can be made to shift, bandwidth of operation reduces, reduce the performance of bonder.According to " Ken-Min Lin；Yen-
Hsiu Wei；Tzu-Hao Tseng；Yu-Jie Yang, " Compact Dual-Band Branch-Line and Rat-
Race Couplers With Stepped-Impedance-Stub Lines, " IEEE Trans.Microwave Theory
Tech., the structure that vol.MTT-58, no.5, pp.1213-1221, May.2010 " is proposed, branch line coupler miniaturization
Realization is that this is reduced in size to a certain extent, but is not reaching to good effect by loading SIR minor matters, and SIR is tied
The use of structure causes the ineffective activity for adjusting, it is impossible to which the size of arbitrarily adjustment impedance realizes the different frequency ratio of dual-passband.
The either demand of commercial Application or integrated needs, especially mobile terminal and satellite communication system, all
A kind of design of urgent need is simple, Insertion Loss is little, isolation is good, planar structure bonder.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of compact planar branch coupler for being applied to single or double passband,
Change the conventional microstrip line structure of main line and by-pass, while miniaturization is realized, solve to introduce collection in existing miniaturization technology
Total element or the problems such as cause resonant frequency to shift or adjust dumb using SIR structures, while resistance can be adjusted arbitrarily
Anti- size realizes the different frequency ratio of dual-passband.
The embodiment of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of compact planar branch coupler for being applied to single or double passband,
The compact planar branch coupler for being applied to single or double passband includes symmetrical main line and by-pass, and main line and by-pass are equal
It is made up of the microstrip line of loading open circuit minor matters；Main line and by-pass are connected with the first branch line, the second branch line and the 3rd branch line,
Second branch line is formed in parallel by two symmetrical microstrip lines, is connected at 1/2nd of main line and by-pass length.
Further, the compact planar branch coupler for being applied to single or double passband also includes：Metal floor, medium base
Plate, metal floor is arranged on the bottom surface of medium substrate.
Further, main line is respectively arranged at two ends with input and the first isolated port, and by-pass is respectively arranged at two ends with the second isolation
Port and coupled end.
Further, the first branch line and the 3rd branch line are connected in respectively the both ends of main line and by-pass.
Further, main line, by-pass, the first branch line, the second branch line, the 3rd branch line, input, the first isolation end
Mouth, coupled end, the second isolated port are printed on medium substrate, and metal floor is for intactly.
Further, medium substrate material is RT/duroid 5880, and relative dielectric constant is 2.2, and medium plate thickness is
0.787mm, it is 0.018mm to cover copper thickness, and loss angle tangent is 0.0009.
Further, it by main line and by-pass is formed by the quarter-wave transmission line cascade of two sections that main line and by-pass are,
Often save quarter-wave transmission line to be made up of the equivalent structure that two section transmission microstrip lines load successively three open circuit minor matters, cascade
During share in the middle of open circuit minor matters, it is all to load the equivalent of five open circuit minor matters by four section microstrip lines to form main line and by-pass
Structure is constituted.
What the present invention was provided is applied to the compact planar branch coupler of single or double passband, arranges symmetrical main line
And by-pass, while being provided with laterally zygomorphic branch line, main line is respectively arranged at two ends with input and the first isolated port, by-pass two
End is respectively equipped with the second isolated port and coupled end, and branch line is arranged between main line and by-pass, connects major-minor line.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1. the present invention adopts microstrip structure, compact to design, and processing is simple, with low cost, it is easy to integrated.
2. the present invention facilitates implementation miniaturization using main line and the equivalent structure of the loading open circuit minor matters of by-pass.
3. the present invention is using the structure for cascading two quarter-wave branch couplers, it is possible to increase bandwidth.
4. the bonder of the present invention has good isolation, and isolation is both greater than 20dB, better than the most of coupling reported
The isolation of clutch.
5. the present invention can according to the actual requirements carry out adaptive impovement, for dual-passband bonder, by change
Between branch line impedance adjusting the center frequency ratio of two passbands；By the way that the electrical length of branch line is adjusted to into the coupling of single-pass band
The twice of device branch line electrical length, it is possible to achieve bonder is worked under dual-passband environment, so as to meet different application demands,
Design simple and flexible.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the microstrip line equivalent schematic that embodiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention 1 and embodiment 2 are related to；
Fig. 2 is the circuit principle structure figure that embodiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention 1 and embodiment 2 are related to；
Fig. 3 is the overall structure diagram of embodiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention 1 and 2；
In figure：1st, metal floor；2nd, medium substrate；3rd, main line；4th, by-pass；5th, the first branch line；6th, the second branch line；7、
3rd branch line；8th, input；9th, the first isolated port；10th, coupled end；11st, the second isolated port；
Fig. 4 is the side view of embodiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention 1 and 2；
Fig. 5 is the overall structure scale diagrams of embodiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 6 is the overall structure scale diagrams of embodiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 7 is the simulation of its coupling characteristics curve chart in embodiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention 1；
In figure, S11 is the simulation result of return loss；S21, S31, S41 are respectively inputs to the first isolated port, coupling
Close the simulation result of the transmission coefficient of end and the second isolated port；
Fig. 8 is the coupled characteristic measured curve figure in embodiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention 1；
In figure, S11 is the measured result of return loss；S21, S31, S41 are respectively inputs to the first isolated port, coupling
Close the measured result of the transmission coefficient of end and the second isolated port；
Fig. 9 is the group delay characteristic emulation in embodiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention 1 and measured curve figure；
Figure 10 is the simulation of its coupling characteristics curve chart in embodiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention 2；
In figure, S11 is the simulation result of return loss；S21, S31, S41 are respectively inputs to the first isolated port, coupling
Close the simulation result of the transmission coefficient of end and the second isolated port；
Figure 11 is the coupled characteristic measured curve figure in embodiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention 2；
In figure, S11 is the measured result of return loss；S21, S31, S41 are respectively inputs to the first isolated port, coupling
Close the measured result of the transmission coefficient of end and the second isolated port；
Figure 12 is the phase curve figure in embodiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention 2；
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is not used to only to explain the present invention
Limit the present invention.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment to the present invention application principle be further described.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, the main line of the present invention is cascade two saves quarter-wave transmission line, and often save quarter-wave
Transmission line can be equivalent to the equivalent structure that two section microstrip lines load three open circuit minor matters, and main line, by-pass equivalent circuit are pushed away
Origin is led, concrete equivalent process is as follows：
The A parameter matrixs of quarter-wave transmission line are：
The A parameter matrixs of equivalent circuit are：
And
Solution above matrix, can obtain：
Wherein, θ2=90deg, θ21=22.5deg, θ22=45deg and Z2=35.35 Ω.
As shown in Fig. 2 the circuit structure prototype of the present invention includes that ten open circuit minor matters are connected in parallel on respectively two and laterally pass
Defeated line two ends, lateral transport line is by three longitudinal transmission line connections；Wherein, two lateral transport lines are embodiment 1 and reality
Apply the main line and by-pass in example 2, three longitudinal transmission lines are the first branch line, the second branch in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2
Line and the 3rd branch line.The open circuit minor matters impedance for being connected directly between longitudinal transmission line is Z22, electrical length is θ22；It is clipped in longitudinal biography
Open circuit minor matters impedance between defeated line is Z22/ 2, electrical length is θ22；The impedance of lateral transport line segment is Z21, electrical length is θ21, first
Bar and the transmission line section impedance of Article 3 longitudinal direction are Z1, electrical length is θ1, the transmission line section impedance of Article 2 longitudinal direction is Z3, electrical length is
θ1；
Such as Fig. 3, shown in 4,5, the embodiment of the present invention 1 is a kind of single-pass band branch coupler of planar structure, mainly by：Gold
Possession plate 1, medium substrate 2, main line 3, by-pass 4, the first branch line 5, the second branch line 6, the 3rd branch line 7, input 8, the
One isolated port 9, coupled end 10, the second isolated port 11 is constituted；
Metal floor 1 is arranged on the bottom surface of medium substrate 2, and the main line 3 of branch coupler is respectively arranged at two ends with the He of input 8
First isolated port 9, by-pass 4 is respectively arranged at two ends with the second isolated port 11 and coupled end 10；Main line 3 and by-pass 4 are by loading
The microstrip line of open circuit minor matters is constituted；First branch line 5, the second branch line 6 and the 3rd branch line 7 connection main line 3 and by-pass 4, its
In, the first branch line 5 and the 3rd branch line 7 are connected in respectively the both ends of main line 3 and by-pass 4, and the second branch line 6 is symmetrical by two
Microstrip line be formed in parallel, be connected at 1/2nd of main line 3 and the length of by-pass 4；Main line 3, by-pass 4, the first branch line 5,
Second branch line 6, the 3rd branch line 7, input 8, the first isolated port 9, coupled end 10, the second isolated port 11 are printed on
On medium substrate；Metal floor 1 is for intactly；The single-pass band branch coupler of the planar structure of the embodiment of the present invention is only one
The bonder of individual port output.
Dielectric board material in the present invention is RT/duroid 5880, and relative dielectric constant is 2.2, and medium plate thickness is
0.787mm, it is 0.018mm to cover copper thickness, and loss angle tangent is 0.0009；As shown in figure 5, wherein L0=6mm, L1=42mm,
L2=8mm, L3=4.7mm, L4=5.45mm, L5=5.1mm, L11=2mm, L12=1.65mm, L13=2.7mm, L14=
3mm, L21=2.85mm, L22=6.59mm, L23=4.65mm, L31=1.7mm, L32=5.7mm, L33=2.65mm, W0
=2.39mm, W1=2.2mm, W2=1.54mm, W3=1.3mm, W11=0.35mm, W22=1.59mm, W33=1.59mm, g
=0.8mm；Bonder gross area size is 0.46 × 0.32 (λg×λg), hence it is evident that less than existing branch line coupler；
The coupled characteristic of embodiment of the present invention 1 is emulated and measured, emulation tool is emulated soft using 3 D electromagnetic
The HFSS 15.0 of part, test instrunment is N5230A vector network analyzers, and Fig. 7 is the simulation result of coupled characteristic, and Fig. 8 is coupling
Close the measured result of characteristic；From measured result Fig. 8, the operating center frequency of the present invention is 2.4GHz, with a width of 100MHz,
Return loss is more than 15dB (S11), and adjacent port isolation is respectively in 2.15-2.65GHz (S21) and 2.35-2.45GHz
(S41) frequency range is more than 20dB, and emulation is both less than 0.5dB with the insertion loss of actual measurement in 2.35-2.45GHz frequency ranges
(S31), and emulate it is very good in consistent manner with measured result, absolutely proved the feasibility of design of the present invention；
The group delay of embodiment of the present invention 1 is emulated and measured, Fig. 9 is given a simulation result and measured result
Correlation curve；Wherein dotted line is field simulation curve, and solid line is measured curve；As seen from Figure 9, the excursion of group delay is less than
0.15ns；
Embodiment 2
Based on same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a kind of dual-passband branch coupler, as shown in Figure 6；The present invention
Embodiment 2 is also a kind of branch coupler of planar structure, mainly by：Metal floor 1, medium substrate 2, main line 3, by-pass 4, the
One branch line 5, the second branch line 6, the 3rd branch line 7, input 8, the first isolated port 9, coupled end 10, the second isolated port
11 compositions；
Metal floor 1 is arranged on the bottom surface of medium substrate 2, and the main line 3 of branch coupler is respectively arranged at two ends with the He of input 8
First isolated port 9, by-pass 4 is respectively arranged at two ends with the second isolated port 11 and coupled end 10；Main line 3 and by-pass 4 are by loading
The microstrip line of open circuit minor matters is constituted；First branch line 5, the second branch line 6 and the 3rd branch line 7 connection main line 3 and by-pass 4, its
In, the first branch line 5 and the 3rd branch line 7 are connected in respectively the both ends of main line 3 and by-pass 4, and the second branch line 6 is symmetrical by two
Microstrip line be formed in parallel, be connected at 1/2nd of main line 3 and the length of by-pass 4；Main line 3, by-pass 4, the first branch line 5,
Second branch line 6, the 3rd branch line 7, input 8, the first isolated port 9, coupled end 10, the second isolated port 11 are printed on
On medium substrate；Metal floor 1 is for intactly；
Dielectric board material in the present invention is RT/duroid 5880, and relative dielectric constant is 2.2, and medium plate thickness is
0.787mm, it is 0.018mm to cover copper thickness, and loss angle tangent is 0.0009；As shown in fig. 6, wherein L0=10.4mm, L1=
29.2mm, L2=9.6mm, L3=8.7mm, L4=5.45mm, L5=10.2mm, L11=2mm, L12=2mm, L13=
2.7mm, L14=3.65mm, L15=4.7, L21=3.5mm, L22=7.5mm, L23=4mm, L31=4.9mm, L32=
6.7mm, W0=2.39mm, W1=1.54mm, W2=2.5mm, W3=1.3mm, W4=0.3mm, W5=0.55mm, W11=
0.35mm, W21=1.5mm, W22=0.5mm, W31=1.4mm, g=2mm bonder gross area size is 0.47 × 0.43 (λg
×λg), hence it is evident that less than existing branch line coupler；
The coupled characteristic of embodiment of the present invention 2 is emulated and measured, emulation tool is emulated soft using 3 D electromagnetic
The HFSS 15.0 of part, test instrunment is N5230A vector network analyzers, and Figure 10 is the simulation result of coupled characteristic, Tu11Shi
The measured result of coupled characteristic；From measured result Figure 11, the operating center frequency of the present invention is 2.2/3.4GHz, and bandwidth is divided
Not Wei 40MHz and 60MHz, than do not load open circuit minor matters coupler bandwidth it is wide；Return loss is more than 25dB (S11),
The maximum respectively 0.6dB and 0.8dB (S31) of insertion loss in two passbands；
The phase place of embodiment of the present invention 2 is emulated and measured, Figure 12 is given a simulation result and measured result
Correlation curve；Wherein dotted line is field simulation curve, and solid line is measured curve；As seen from Figure 12, phase place distorts very little in passband.
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, not to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within god and principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of compact planar branch coupler for being applied to single or double passband, it is characterised in that this is applied to single or double logical
The bonder of the compact planar branch of band includes symmetrical main line and by-pass, and main line and by-pass are by loading open circuit minor matters
Microstrip line constitute；Main line and by-pass are connected with the first branch line, the second branch line and the 3rd branch line, and the second branch line is by two
The symmetrical microstrip line of bar is formed in parallel, and is connected at 1/2nd of main line and by-pass length；
The bonder for being applied to the compact planar branch of single or double passband also includes：Metal floor, medium substrate, metal ground
Plate is arranged on the bottom surface of medium substrate；
Medium substrate material is RT/duroid 5880, and relative dielectric constant is 2.2, and medium plate thickness is 0.787mm, covers copper thick
Spend for 0.018mm, loss angle tangent is 0.0009；
Main line and by-pass are formed by the quarter-wave transmission line cascade of two sections, often save quarter-wave transmission line by two
The equivalent structure composition that transmission microstrip line loads successively three open circuit minor matters is saved, middle open circuit minor matters is shared in cascade process,
It is all that the equivalent structure for loading five open circuit minor matters by four section microstrip lines is constituted to form main line and by-pass.
2. the compact planar branch coupler of single or double passband is applied to as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that main line
Input and the first isolated port are respectively arranged at two ends with, by-pass is respectively arranged at two ends with the second isolated port and coupled end.
3. the compact planar branch coupler of single or double passband is applied to as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that first
Branch line and the 3rd branch line are connected in respectively the both ends of main line and by-pass, and the first branch line is near input and the second isolation end
Mouthful, the 3rd branch line is near the first isolated port and coupled end.
4. the compact planar branch coupler for being applied to single or double passband as described in claim or 2, it is characterised in that main
Line, by-pass, the first branch line, the second branch line, the 3rd branch line, input, the first isolated port, coupled end, the second isolation
Port is printed on medium substrate.
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| US11870125B2 (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2024-01-09 | Nanning Fulian Fugui Precision Industrial Co., Ltd. | Branch-line coupler |
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| CN115347342A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2022-11-15 | 南宁富联富桂精密工业有限公司 | Branch coupler |
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| KR20110096435A (en) * | 2010-02-22 | 2011-08-30 | 경희대학교 산학협력단 | Ultra wideband directional coupler |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| "Compact planar dual-band crossover using two-section branch-line coupler";Z.-W. Lee 等;《ELECTRONICS LETTERS》;20121011;第48卷(第12期);第1348-1349页 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11870125B2 (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2024-01-09 | Nanning Fulian Fugui Precision Industrial Co., Ltd. | Branch-line coupler |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104393390A (en) | 2015-03-04 |
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