CN108258378A - A kind of braodband directional coupler - Google Patents
A kind of braodband directional coupler Download PDFInfo
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- CN108258378A CN108258378A CN201810072091.8A CN201810072091A CN108258378A CN 108258378 A CN108258378 A CN 108258378A CN 201810072091 A CN201810072091 A CN 201810072091A CN 108258378 A CN108258378 A CN 108258378A
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 293
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 293
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 293
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
- H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of braodband directional couplers.The braodband directional coupler includes：The connected strip line of 4 sections, the connected strip line of 4 section are followed successively by from left to right：1st main coupling line, the 2nd main coupling line, the 3rd main coupling line and the 4th main coupling line.The bandwidth of coupler is improved using the design method of more piece coupling line, cover the frequency ranges such as 2G, 3G and 4G of mobile communication, break through the relatively narrow limitation of existing coupler bandwidth, improve the versatility of coupler, solving mobile operator needs largely to replace the trouble of existing coupler when network upgrade is regenerated, and promotes the development of telecommunications.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coupler technologies field more particularly to a kind of braodband directional couplers.
Background technology
As economic life continues, the development of high speed, society will continue to increase the demand of communication, meanwhile, people couple
The requirement of communication industry service, communication speed are also higher and higher, and the competition of corresponding communications industry is also more and more fierce, communications band
Increasingly densification, the frequency range from 400MHz to 5.8GHz also gradually tend to saturation, mobile radio communication from the 2G epoch be upgraded to 3G,
4G or even upcoming 5G epoch, frequency range is more and more, and new frequency range will all be had each time by, which upgrading, generates, and has been friends in the past and sets
It is standby to be required for updating, the fund cost of great equipment update is brought to mobile communication carrier, therefore be badly in need of
Want a kind of frequency range sufficiently wide, the communication equipment with sustainable development.
Directional coupler is a kind of microwave commonly used equipment, is usually used in flowing to microwave signal to regulation and is sampled.Without in
During load, directional coupler is often one or four port networks.For directional coupler often there are two types of method realization, one is coupling directional coupling
Clutch, coupling section length are the integral multiple of a quarter, and directly output and coupled output ports are non-conterminous in structure, defeated
It is often 90 degree or 180 degree to go out phase difference, and remaining a port is known as isolation end, is theoretically isolated end and does not export any energy
Amount.Another kind is adjacent in two output port structures for branch line directional coupler, phase difference output can also realize 90 degree or
180 degree is usually used in close coupling occasion.
But the universal frequency band of current directional coupler is relatively narrow, it is impossible to cover mobile communication often with frequency range, each mobile communication
Upgrading will more new equipment, cause huge cost input to operator, and the indexs such as the degree of coupling and insertion loss compared with
Difference is badly in need of designing a kind of ultrabroad band directional coupler of function admirable.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of braodband directional couplers, can cover mobile communication 2G, 3G and 4G frequency range, break through existing
The relatively narrow limitation of coupler bandwidth improves the versatility of coupler, and the cost input of more new equipment is reduced for operator.
To realize above-mentioned design, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of braodband directional coupler, including the connected strip line of 4 sections, the connected strip line of 4 section from left to right according to
It is secondary to be：1st main coupling line, the 2nd main coupling line, the 3rd main coupling line and the 4th main coupling line；
The output terminal of the 1st main coupling line is connected with the input terminal of the 2nd main coupling line, the 1st main coupling line
Isolation end be connected with the coupled end of the 2nd main coupling line；
The output terminal of the 2nd main coupling line is connected with the input terminal of the 3rd main coupling line, the 2nd main coupling line
Isolation end be connected with the coupled end of the 3rd main coupling line；
The output terminal of the 3rd main coupling line is connected with the input terminal of the 4th main coupling line, the 3rd main coupling line
Isolation end be connected with the coupled end of the 4th main coupling line；
Input terminal of the input terminal of the 1st main coupling line as the braodband directional coupler, the 1st main coupling line
Coupled end of the coupled end as the braodband directional coupler；
Output terminal of the output terminal of the 4th main coupling line as the braodband directional coupler, the 4th main coupling line
Isolation end of the isolation end as the braodband directional coupler.
Wherein, the spacing between the 1st main coupling line and the 2nd main coupling line be the 1st spacing, the 2nd main coupling line
Spacing between the 3rd main coupling line is the 2nd spacing, and the spacing between the 3rd main coupling line and the 4th main coupling line is the 3rd
Spacing；Meet the 2nd 3 spacing of spacing ＜ of 1.26mm≤the 1st spacing ＜≤2.76mm.
Wherein, the width of the 1st main coupling line is the 1st width, and the width of the 2nd main coupling line is the 2nd width, and the 3rd leads
The width of coupling line is the 3rd width, and the width of the 4th main coupling line is the 4th width；It is wide to meet 2.457mm≤the 1st width ＜ the 2nd
Spend the 3rd 4 width of width ＜ of ＜≤3.557mm.
Wherein, the centre of the 1st main coupling line is equipped with the 1st opens for adjusting the degree of coupling of the 1st main coupling line
Road strip line；
The centre of the 2nd main coupling line is equipped with band-like for adjusting the 2nd open circuit of the degree of coupling of the 2nd main coupling line
Line；
The centre of the 3rd main coupling line is equipped with band-like for adjusting the 3rd open circuit of the degree of coupling of the 3rd main coupling line
Line；
The centre of the 4th main coupling line is equipped with band-like for adjusting the 4th open circuit of the degree of coupling of the 4th main coupling line
Line.
Wherein, the length of the 1st open circuit strip line, the 2nd open circuit strip line, the 3rd open circuit strip line and the 4th open circuit strip line
It is 0.6~2.0mm to spend range.
Wherein, between the 1st main coupling line and the 2nd main coupling line, the 2nd main coupling line and the described 3rd master
Impedance for adjusting impedance is equipped between coupling line and between the 3rd main coupling line and the 4th main coupling line gradually
Modified line.
Wherein, the right side of the input terminal of the braodband directional coupler is equipped with is adjusted for adjusting the matching of return loss
Line.
Wherein, the braodband directional coupler uses 5 layers of structure, and 5 layers of structure is followed successively by from top to bottom：1st layer,
2 layers, the 3rd layer, the 4th layer, the 5th layer；
Described 1st layer, the 3rd layer and the 5th layer are the dielectric layer uniformly filled, and described 2nd layer and the 4th layer is conductor layer；
Described 2nd layer of conducting wire includes the 1st main coupling line, the 2nd main coupling line, the 3rd main coupling line and the 4th main coupling line
Input, output end, described 4th layer of conducting wire include the 1st main coupling line, the 2nd main coupling line, the 3rd main coupling line and the 4th main coupling
The coupled end of zygonema, isolation end.
Wherein, described 2nd layer of conducting wire and described 4th layer of conducting wire are symmetrical, described 2nd layer of conducting wire and described
4 layers of conducting wire is standard strip line.
Wherein, the dielectric layer is the polytetrafluoroethylene material that dielectric constant is 2.55, loss tangent is 0.005；
The conductor layer is copper foil.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：A kind of braodband directional coupler of the present invention, including：The connected strip line of 4 sections, institute
The strip line that 4 sections are connected is stated to be followed successively by from left to right：1st main coupling line, the 2nd main coupling line, the 3rd main coupling line and the 4th main coupling
Zygonema；The output terminal of the 1st main coupling line is connected with the input terminal of the 2nd main coupling line, the 1st main coupling line every
It is connected from end with the coupled end of the 2nd main coupling line；The output terminal of the 2nd main coupling line and the 3rd main coupling line
Input terminal is connected, and the isolation end of the 2nd main coupling line is connected with the coupled end of the 3rd main coupling line；The 3rd main coupling
The output terminal of line is connected with the input terminal of the 4th main coupling line, isolation end and the 4th main coupling of the 3rd main coupling line
The coupled end of zygonema is connected；Input terminal of the input terminal of the 1st main coupling line as braodband directional coupler, the 1st master
Coupled end of the coupled end of coupling line as the braodband directional coupler；Described in the output terminal of the 4th main coupling line is used as
The output terminal of braodband directional coupler, the isolation end of the isolation end of the 4th main coupling line as the braodband directional coupler.
The bandwidth of coupler is improved using the design method of more piece coupling line, covers 2G, 3G and 4G frequency range of mobile communication, is broken through existing
There is the limitation that coupler bandwidth is relatively narrow, improve the versatility of coupler, solve mobile operator when network upgrade is regenerated
Need largely to replace the trouble of existing coupler, reduce the network construction of wireless interspeaker system user and mobile operator with
Upgrade cost, is conducive to wireless interspeaker system user and Mobile Network Operator carries out the upgrading and the replacement of network, promotes
The accelerated development of entire telecommunications.
Description of the drawings
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, institute in being described below to the embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the present invention
Example for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also be implemented according to the present invention
The content of example and these attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of braodband directional coupler.
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of the 2nd main coupling line in braodband directional coupler.
Fig. 3 be in Fig. 1 A to sectional view.
Fig. 4 be in Fig. 1 B to sectional view.
Fig. 5 is the interior return loss characteristic curve of band of braodband directional coupler.
Fig. 6 is the insertion loss characteristic curve of braodband directional coupler.
Fig. 7 is the degree of coupling characteristic curve of braodband directional coupler.
Fig. 8 is the isolation characteristic curve of braodband directional coupler.
Reference numeral
1. braodband directional coupler, 2. input terminals, 3. coupled ends, 4. output terminals, 5. isolation ends, 11. the 1st main coupling lines,
12. the 2nd main coupling line, 13. the 3rd main coupling lines, 14. the 4th main coupling lines, 15. the 1st connecting lines, 16. the 2nd connecting lines, 17. the 3rd
Connecting line, 6. matched lines, 111. the 1st open circuit strip lines, 112. the 1st impedance tapered lines, 121. the 2nd impedance tapered lines, 122. the 2nd
Open circuit strip line, 123. the 3rd impedance tapered lines, 131. the 4th impedance tapered lines, 132. the 3rd open circuit strip lines, 133. the 5th impedances
Transition line, 141. the 6th impedance tapered lines, 142. the 4th open circuit strip lines, the plane of symmetry of 1101. the 2nd main coupling lines, 1102. the 2nd
The input terminal of main coupling line, the coupled end of 1103. the 2nd main coupling lines, the output terminal of 1104. the 2nd main coupling lines, 1105. the 2nd masters
The isolation end of coupling line, the coupled end strip line of 1106. the 2nd main coupling lines, the input terminal strip line of 1107. the 2nd main coupling lines,
1st coupling strip line of 1108. the 2nd main coupling lines, the 2nd coupling strip line of 1109. the 2nd main coupling lines, 1110. the 2nd main couplings
The isolation end strip line of zygonema, the output terminal strip line of 1111. the 2nd main coupling lines
Specific embodiment
For make present invention solves the technical problem that, the technical solution that uses and the technique effect that reaches it is clearer, below
The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to attached drawing, it is clear that described embodiment is only
It is part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art exist
All other embodiments obtained under the premise of creative work are not made, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Braodband directional coupler 1 as shown in Figure 1, including：The connected strip line of 4 sections, the connected strip line of this 4 section is from a left side
It turns right and is followed successively by：1st main coupling line 11, the 2nd main coupling line 12, the 3rd main 13 and the 4th main coupling line 14 of coupling line；Wherein, the 1st
The output terminal of main coupling line 11 is connected with the input terminal of the 2nd main coupling line 12, the isolation end and the 2nd main coupling of the 1st main coupling line 11
The coupled end of zygonema 12 is connected；2nd main 12 output terminal of coupling line is connected with the 3rd main 13 input terminal of coupling line, the 2nd main coupling line 12
Isolation end be connected with the coupled end of the 3rd main coupling line 13；The output terminal of 3rd main coupling line 13 is defeated with the 4th main coupling line 14
Enter end to be connected, the isolation end of the 3rd main coupling line 13 is connected with the coupled end of the 4th main coupling line 14；The input of 1st main coupling line 11
End is the input terminal of braodband directional coupler 1, and the coupled end of the 1st main coupling line 11 is the coupled end of braodband directional coupler 1, the
The output terminal of 4 main coupling lines 14 is the output terminal of braodband directional coupler 1, and the isolation end of the 4th main coupling line 14 is wideband directional
The isolation end of coupler 1.
In figure, input terminal of the input terminal 2 for the input terminal, i.e. braodband directional coupler 1 of the 1st main coupling line 11；Coupled end 3
The coupled end of coupled end, i.e. braodband directional coupler 1 for the 1st main coupling line 11；Output terminal 4 is defeated for the 4th main coupling line 14
The output terminal of outlet, i.e. braodband directional coupler 1；Isolation end 5 is the isolation end of the 4th main coupling line 14, i.e. wideband directional couples
The isolation end of device 1.Input terminal 2 and coupled end 3 are all connected to the left side of braodband directional coupler 1, and output terminal 4 and isolation end 5 are equal
It is connected to the right side of braodband directional coupler 1.
Input terminal 2 is for inputting original signal, and optionally, original signal power is 100W (watt).Output terminal 4 is used for main road
Signal exports.Coupled end 3 is for signal sampling and detection signal magnitude.
The input terminal 2 of braodband directional coupler inputs signal all the way, and output terminal 4 exports main path signal all the way, and coupled end 3 is defeated
The signal gone out preferably realizes the monitoring to signal quality for detecting the size and frequency of input, output signal.
4 sections connected strip line (the 1st main coupling line 11, the 2nd main coupling line 12, the 3rd main 13 and the 4th main coupling of coupling line
Line 14) it is TEM transmission lines, parity mode phase velocity is equal, and performance is stablized.
Input terminal 2, output terminal 4 and coupled end 3 have done normal impedance matching, and normal impedance is 50 Ω；It is input terminal 2, defeated
Outlet 4, isolation end 5 and coupled end 3 are strip line, and the band-like line width of input terminal 2, output terminal 4 and coupled end 3 is
The distance of 2.457mm, strip line and ground plane is designed as 1.61mm, fully meets the interconnection mark between wireless communication devices
Standard is connected so as to preferable with other communication devices.
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of the 2nd main coupling line in braodband directional coupler, as shown in the figure, the 2nd main coupling line 11 wraps
It includes：One coupling strip line of coupled end 1103, two of isolation end 1105, one of output terminal 1104, one of input terminal 1102, one
1108,1109, coupled end strip lines 1106, one of output terminal strip line 1111, one of input terminal strip line 1107, one
Isolation end strip line 1110 and a plane of symmetry 1101；The input that the input terminal 1102 of 2nd main coupling line passes through the 2nd main coupling line
End strip line 1107 is connected with one end of the 2nd coupling strip line 1109 of the 2nd main coupling line, the 2nd strap of the 2nd main coupling line
The other end of shape line 1109 passes through the output terminal strip line 1111 of the 2nd main coupling line and 1104 phase of output terminal of the 2nd main coupling line
Even；The 1st of 1106 and the 2nd main coupling line of coupled end strip line that the coupled end 1103 of 2nd main coupling line passes through the 2nd main coupling line
One end of coupling strip line 1108 is connected, and the other end of the 1st coupling strip line 1108 of the 2nd main coupling line passes through the 2nd main coupling
The isolation end strip line 1110 of line is connected with the isolation end 1105 of the 2nd main coupling line；Wherein, the coupled end of the 2nd main coupling line
1103rd, the 1st coupling strip line 1108, the 2nd main coupling line of the coupled end strip line 1106 of the 2nd main coupling line, the 2nd main coupling line
1110 and the 2nd main coupling line of isolation end strip line isolation end 1105 be located at the 2nd main coupling line the plane of symmetry 1101 side,
The input terminal 1102 of 2nd main coupling line, the input terminal strip line 1107 of the 2nd main coupling line, the 2nd main coupling line the 2nd strap
Shape line 1109, the 2nd main coupling line the output terminal 1104 of 1111 and the 2nd main coupling line of output terminal strip line be located at the 2nd main coupling
1101 opposite sides of the plane of symmetry of line, the 1st coupling strip line 1108 of the 2nd main coupling line and the 2nd strap of the 2nd main coupling line
Shape line 1109 is symmetrical about the plane of symmetry 1101 of the 2nd main coupling line.
In the strip line that 4 sections of braodband directional coupler 1 are connected, the 1st main coupling line 11, the 3rd main coupling line 13 and the 4th are led
Coupling line 14 is identical with the structure of the 2nd main coupling line 12, only the spacing between neighboring second loops (adjacent main coupling line)
It is broadened successively by left-to-right, spacing range is 1.26~2.76mm；Meet between 1.26mm≤the 2nd spacing ＜ the 3rd of the 1st spacing ＜
Away from≤2.76mm, wherein, spacing of the 1st spacing between the 1st main 11 and the 2nd main coupling line 12 of coupling line, the 2nd spacing is the 2nd
Spacing between main 12 and the 3rd main coupling line 13 of coupling line, the 3rd spacing is between the 3rd main 13 and the 4th main coupling line 14 of coupling line
Spacing.
In the strip line that 4 sections of braodband directional coupler 1 are connected, often section strip line is of different size, strip line (main coupling
Line) width broaden successively from left to right, width range be 2.457~3.557mm；Meet 1 width ＜ of 2.457mm≤the
The 3rd 4 width of width ＜ of 2 width ＜≤3.557mm, wherein, the width of the 1st main coupling line 11 is the 1st width, the 2nd main coupling
The width of line 12 is the 2nd width, and the width of the 3rd main coupling line 13 is the 3rd width, and the width of the 4th main coupling line 14 is wide for the 4th
Degree.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the centre of the 1st main coupling line 11 is equipped with the 1st open circuit strip line 111, for adjusting the 1st master
The parameters such as the degree of coupling and return loss of coupling line 11；The centre of 2nd main coupling line 12 is equipped with the 2nd open circuit strip line 122, is used for
Adjust the parameters such as the degree of coupling and the return loss of the 2nd main coupling line 12；It is band-like that the centre of 3rd main coupling line 13 is equipped with the 3rd open circuit
Line 132, for adjusting the parameters such as the degree of coupling of the 3rd main coupling line 13 and return loss；The centre of 4th main coupling line 14 is equipped with the
4 open circuit strip lines 142, for adjusting the parameters such as the degree of coupling of the 4th main coupling line 14 and return loss.Preferably, the 1st open circuit band
The length range of the open circuit open circuit open circuit strip line 142 of strip line 132 and the 4th of strip line the 122, the 3rd of shape line the 111, the 2nd is 0.6
~2.0mm.
The setting of open traverse, can not only adjust main coupling line (such as：1st main coupling line 11) the degree of coupling, and
The return loss of main coupling line can be adjusted so that the interior return loss of band of braodband directional coupler is much better than same type broadband and determines
To the interior return loss of band of coupler.And open traverse can also be adjusted when the performance of braodband directional coupler is bad
Save the width of main coupling line, and then the performances such as the degree of coupling, return loss for adjusting braodband directional coupler.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, between the 1st main 11 and the 2nd main coupling line 12 of coupling line be equipped with the 1st impedance tapered line 112 and
2nd impedance tapered line 121 is equipped with the 3rd impedance tapered line the 123 and the 4th between the 2nd main 12 and the 3rd main coupling line 13 of coupling line and hinders
Anti- transition line 131 is equipped with the 5th impedance tapered line 133 and the 6th impedance transition mechanism between the 3rd main 13 and the 4th main coupling line 14 of coupling line
Line 141, these impedance tapered lines are used equally for adjusting the impedance of main coupling line, so as to adjust the impedance of braodband directional coupler.
Line 6 is adjusted as shown in figure 3, being equipped with to match between input terminal and the 1st main coupling line 11, available for adjusting return loss
With the matching for improving input terminal normal impedance.Preferably, matching adjusts that line 6 can improve 50 Ω of normal impedance of input terminal
Match.
Open circuit strip line, impedance tapered line and matching adjust line：Echo damages
Consumption adjusting range is 2dB, insertion loss 0.3dB, degree of coupling 0.4dB, isolation are in 1dB.
In the case where braodband directional coupler has been made, during braodband directional coupler is made, substrate
Size and band-like line width, length can all have the width of deviation, especially strip line and the variation of length, to the echo of coupler
The indexs such as loss, the degree of coupling, insertion loss all have an impact.The braodband directional coupler of the present invention is connected by 4 section strip lines, respectively
Between the section strip line and centre of strip line has added open circuit strip line, impedance tapered line etc. not only can be to braodband directional coupler
The degree of coupling and impedance be adjusted, and available for adjustment strip line size, so as to adjust the phase of braodband directional coupler
Index is answered, improves the performance of braodband directional coupler.In addition, since the braodband directional coupler of the present invention can be in certain model
Enclose interior fine tuning performance indicator, solve the problems, such as that design and actual product performance indicator are inconsistent, reduce product manufacturing into
This.
Braodband directional coupler uses 5 layers of structure, and 5 layers of structure are followed successively by from top to bottom：1st layer, the 2nd layer, the 3rd layer, the 4th
Layer, the 5th layer, i.e., the 1st layer be top layer, the 5th layer be lowest level；1st layer, the 3rd layer and the 5th layer is the medium uniformly filled
Layer, the 2nd layer and the 4th layer is conductor layer.2nd layer of conducting wire includes the input terminal of the 1st main coupling line 11 and output terminal, the 2nd main coupling
The input terminal and output terminal of zygonema 12, the input terminal of the 3rd main coupling line 13 and output terminal, the 4th main coupling line 14 input terminal and
Output terminal；The coupled end and isolation end of 4th layer of conducting wire including the 1st main coupling line 11, the coupled end of the 2nd main coupling line 12 and
Isolation end, the coupled end of the 3rd main coupling line 13 and isolation end, the coupled end and isolation end of the 4th main coupling line 14.2nd layer
Conducting wire is symmetrical with the 4th layer of conducting wire, and the 2nd layer of conducting wire and the 4th layer of conducting wire are standard strip line.Conducting wire is index zone
Shape line, impedance are easy to control, and shielding properties is preferable, and main mould is standard TEM waves.
The strip line of braodband directional coupler is in uniform filled media, and odd, even mould phase velocity is identical, theoretically protects
Coupler has been demonstrate,proved with good directionality；And form strip line by the way of upper and lower medium extruding so that strip line adds
Work is easily achieved.And braodband directional coupler passband fluctuation is small, passband fluctuation only 0.21dB, band standing internal wave is relatively low, band standing internal wave
Than being less than or equal to 1.05, there is stronger directionality.
Higher with interior return loss for the input terminal of coupler, reflection signal is smaller, and efficiency of transmission is higher.By Fig. 5 institutes
Show with interior return loss characteristic curve it is found that the interior return loss of band of the braodband directional coupler of the present invention>30dB (corresponding dB (S
(1,1))=- 30.690dB<- 30dB), far above same type braodband directional coupler (generally with interior return loss>15dB), it shows
So, braodband directional coupler efficiency of transmission of the invention is better than same type braodband directional coupler.
The insertion loss of coupler is smaller, and the energy of signal transmission to output port is bigger, and efficiency of transmission is higher, so as to drop
Low energy losses save the energy；Passband fluctuation can react the range of logical inband signaling dipping and heaving, and passband fluctuation is the smaller the better,
Fluctuation in larger band can influence signal and receive or even cause serious distortion, and system is unable to demodulated signal.The interior wave of relatively low band
Dynamic, receiver is distorted smaller, and quality of output signals is more preferable.By the insertion loss characteristic curve of Fig. 6 it is found that the broadband of the present invention is determined
Meet to the insertion loss of coupler：0.41dB<Insertion loss<0.62dB (corresponding -0.62dB<DB (S (1,2))<-
0.41dB), passband fluctuation only 0.21dB is much better than same type coupler (general passband fluctuation is 0.3~0.5dB).Obviously, originally
The braodband directional coupler of invention is more preferable compared to same type coupler distortion smaller, quality of output signals.
The fluctuation of the degree of coupling of coupler is relatively low, and rear class signal processing is easier to realize, degree of coupling fluctuation is larger, unfavorable
In rear class signal processing or even the output signal of coupling port cannot be demodulated.By the degree of coupling characteristic curve of Fig. 7 it is found that this hair
The degree of coupling of bright braodband directional coupler meets：9.85dB<The degree of coupling<10.85dB (corresponding -10.85dB<DB (S (1,3))
<- 9.85dB), better than same type coupler.
As shown in figure 8, the isolation of the braodband directional coupler of the present invention meets：Isolation>20dB (correspondence dB (S (1,
4))<-20dB)。
The return loss of braodband directional coupler can adjust the strip lines such as line by matching and be adjusted, and reach more preferable
Return loss, show that return loss is more than or equal to 30.6dB in Fig. 5.Strip line can further be adjusted as needed
Section, to reach higher return loss.
The braodband directional coupler of the present invention includes the 4 byte wides strip line different with spacing, braodband directional coupler tool
Have that extremely low insertion loss, passband fluctuation are smaller, return loss is larger, isolation is higher, frequency range is wider, is for wirelessly communicating
System can greatly reduce the network replacement upgrade cost of system operator, greatly push the development of wireless communication.
The braodband directional coupler of the present invention can preset the expectation index of braodband directional coupler when making,
That is the area requirement of the coefficient of coup, return loss, insertion loss, coupling loss and isolation, then according to the coefficient of coup, echo
Loss, insertion loss, coupling loss and isolation and the relationship of odd, even mould impedance determine suitable strange mould using software emulation
Characteristic impedance, ever mode characteristic impedance, and then determine often to save the width of main coupling line and the spacing of adjacent main coupling line, and in every section
On main coupling line setting open circuit strip line, impedance tapered line and matching adjust line with realize to the indexs such as the coefficient of coup into advance one
Successive step, so as to obtain satisfactory braodband directional coupler.
Wherein, the coefficient of coup and the relational expression of odd, even mould impedance are：
Return loss and the relational expression of odd, even mould impedance are：
Insertion loss and the relational expression of odd, even mould impedance are：
Coupling loss and the relational expression of odd, even mould impedance are：
Isolation and the relational expression of odd, even mould impedance are：
Wherein, k is the coefficient of coup, Z0eIt is ever mode characteristic impedance, Z0oIt is odd mode characteristic impedance, Z0For normal impedance, S11For
Return loss, S21For insertion loss, S31For coupling loss, S41For isolation.Software emulation can be electromagnetic field simulation software,
Such as：ADS (Advanced Design System, Advanced Design System) and HFSS (High Frequency Structure
Simulator, high-frequency structure emulation).
The bandwidth of braodband directional coupler of the present invention is 350MHz~2700MHz (relative bandwidth 1.54%), is covered
The band segment of 2G, 3G, 4G or even 5G of mobile communication so that a set of braodband directional coupler can be used for multiple frequency ranges
Wireless communication system reduces the networking cost of radio communication operator and network upgrade cost, network system is greatly facilitated
Update and system upgrade.And the indexs such as the degree of coupling and insertion loss are higher, degree of coupling 10dB, passband fluctuation is less than
0.5dB, insertion loss is smaller (being less than 0.65dB), and return loss is larger (being more than 30dB), and isolation (is more than 0dB), and performance is excellent
In the braodband directional coupler of same type, (passband fluctuation of general braodband directional coupler is less than 0.7dB, and insertion loss is less than
1dB, return loss are more than 15dB, and isolation is more than 15dB).The input, output end of braodband directional coupler, coupled end into
It has gone normal impedance matching (normal impedance be 50 Ω), has fully met the interconnection standard between wireless communication devices；Determine in broadband
It is made of 4 section strip line interconnections to coupler, using dissymmetrical structure, is broadened successively by left-to-right spacing, band-like line width
It broadens successively, and since main coupling line is equipped with open circuit strip line and impedance tapered line so that braodband directional coupler also can be
It is tuned in a certain range, fully meets design objective requirement, reduced the cost and fraction defective of bulk article, reach section
The design guideline of energy, low-carbon.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in association with specific embodiment.These descriptions are intended merely to explain the present invention's
Principle, and it cannot be construed to limiting the scope of the invention in any way.Based on explanation herein, the technology of this field
Personnel would not require any inventive effort the other specific embodiments that can associate the present invention, these modes are fallen within
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of braodband directional coupler, which is characterized in that including the connected strip line of 4 sections, the connected strip line of 4 section from
It is followed successively by from left to right：1st main coupling line, the 2nd main coupling line, the 3rd main coupling line and the 4th main coupling line；
The output terminal of the 1st main coupling line is connected with the input terminal of the 2nd main coupling line, the 1st main coupling line every
It is connected from end with the coupled end of the 2nd main coupling line；
The output terminal of the 2nd main coupling line is connected with the input terminal of the 3rd main coupling line, the 2nd main coupling line every
It is connected from end with the coupled end of the 3rd main coupling line；
The output terminal of the 3rd main coupling line is connected with the input terminal of the 4th main coupling line, the 3rd main coupling line every
It is connected from end with the coupled end of the 4th main coupling line；
Input terminal of the input terminal of the 1st main coupling line as braodband directional coupler, the coupled end of the 1st main coupling line
Coupled end as the braodband directional coupler；
Output terminal of the output terminal of the 4th main coupling line as the braodband directional coupler, the 4th main coupling line every
From isolation end of the end as the braodband directional coupler.
2. braodband directional coupler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the 1st main coupling line main is coupled with the 2nd
Spacing between line is the 1st spacing, and the spacing between the 2nd main coupling line and the 3rd main coupling line is the 2nd spacing, the described 3rd
Spacing between main coupling line and the 4th main coupling line is the 3rd spacing；Meet between 1.26mm≤the 2nd spacing ＜ the 3rd of the 1st spacing ＜
Away from≤2.76mm.
3. braodband directional coupler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the width of the 1st main coupling line is the 1st
Width, the width of the 2nd main coupling line are the 2nd width, and the width of the 3rd main coupling line is the 3rd width, the width of the 4th main coupling line
For the 4th width；Meet 2.457mm≤the 3rd 4 width of width ＜ of the 1st the 2nd width ＜ of width ＜≤3.557mm.
4. according to claim 1-3 any one of them braodband directional couplers, which is characterized in that the 1st main coupling line
Centre be equipped with for adjust the 1st main coupling line the degree of coupling the 1st open circuit strip line；
The centre of the 2nd main coupling line be equipped with for adjust the 2nd main coupling line the degree of coupling the 2nd open circuit strip line；
The centre of the 3rd main coupling line be equipped with for adjust the 3rd main coupling line the degree of coupling the 3rd open circuit strip line；
The centre of the 4th main coupling line be equipped with for adjust the 4th main coupling line the degree of coupling the 4th open circuit strip line.
5. braodband directional coupler according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the 1st open circuit strip line, the 2nd open circuit
The length range of strip line, the 3rd open circuit strip line and the 4th open circuit strip line is 0.6~2.0mm.
6. braodband directional coupler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the 1st main coupling line and the described 2nd master
Between coupling line, between the 2nd main coupling line and the 3rd main coupling line and the 3rd main coupling line with the described 4th master
The impedance tapered line for adjusting impedance is equipped between coupling line.
7. braodband directional coupler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the input terminal of the braodband directional coupler
Right side be equipped with for adjust return loss matching adjust line.
8. braodband directional coupler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the braodband directional coupler uses 5 layers
Structure, 5 layers of structure are followed successively by from top to bottom：1st layer, the 2nd layer, the 3rd layer, the 4th layer, the 5th layer；
Described 1st layer, the 3rd layer and the 5th layer are the dielectric layer uniformly filled, and described 2nd layer and the 4th layer is conductor layer；
Described 2nd layer of conducting wire includes the input of the 1st main coupling line, the 2nd main coupling line, the 3rd main coupling line and the 4th main coupling line
End, output terminal, described 4th layer of conducting wire include the 1st main coupling line, the 2nd main coupling line, the 3rd main coupling line and the 4th main coupling line
Coupled end, isolation end.
9. braodband directional coupler according to claim 8, which is characterized in that described 2nd layer of conducting wire and described 4th layer
Conducting wire it is symmetrical, described 2nd layer of conducting wire and described 4th layer of conducting wire are standard strip line.
10. braodband directional coupler according to claim 8 or claim 9, which is characterized in that the dielectric layer is that dielectric constant is
2.55th, loss tangent is 0.005 polytetrafluoroethylene material；
The conductor layer is copper foil.
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