CN104385606A - 3D printing forming method for composite part - Google Patents
3D printing forming method for composite part Download PDFInfo
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- CN104385606A CN104385606A CN201410762727.3A CN201410762727A CN104385606A CN 104385606 A CN104385606 A CN 104385606A CN 201410762727 A CN201410762727 A CN 201410762727A CN 104385606 A CN104385606 A CN 104385606A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 3D printing forming method for a composite part, and relates to a fast forming method of a composite part. According to the method, a method of alternately performing reinforcement layout and substrate spray deposition layer by layer is adopted, and defects of incomplete fiber impregnation, severe hole phenomenon, severe fiber deformation and the like in a traditional process method for preparing a long-fiber composite are overcome. The 3D printing and forming method adopts a layered manufacturing method, fiber cloth with uniform holes is taken as a reinforcement material, a spray deposition forming mode is adopted to deposit a substrate material on the reinforcement material, adhesion between the reinforcement materials is completed, and meanwhile, the processing means is adopted to remove an excess material synchronously; and with the adoption of the method, the composite part is formed rapidly, and the forming efficiency and quality are greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to composite rapid shaping field, in particular to a kind of manufacturing process of composite material parts.
Background technology
Fibre reinforced composites generally comprise resin-based, Metal Substrate and ceramic matric composite, and fibre reinforced composites are described as the material of new century, have great development potentiality.For fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material and fiber-reinforced metal matrix composite, all there is the advantages such as high specific strength, high specific stiffness, low-expansion coefficient, lightweight, with the progress of Aero-Space, military project and civilian industry technology, the market of composite achieves alarming development in recent years.
Fiber is prepared into precast body by certain technique by the traditional preparation technology of long fiber reinforcement metal-base composites, then utilize the traditional means such as solid state process, liquid phase process that precast body is prepared into parts, these class methods are limited by mould to a great extent, cannot meet the demands for comparatively large, that shape the is more complicated parts traditional handicraft of size.The preparation of long-fiber-reinforced resin based composites adopts the modes such as hand paste, artificial or mechanical woven preform body traditionally, then take impregnation technology shaping, for thin-wall part composite material parts traditional hand stick with paste technique and still can meet the demands, but molding cycle is long, cost is high, for the parts that thickness is larger, hand paste difficulty in process is larger; Meanwhile, also there is the halfway phenomenon of the resin impregnated such as dry fiber in the infiltration forming process of large size prefabricated body parts.
A kind of new composite material parts manufacturing process that the present invention proposes, adopt fiber cloth and the alternatively shaped mode of matrix layering, the fiber infiltration existed can be solved during conventional composite materials is shaped not thorough, the problems such as fibre deformation is large, automaticity is low, and yield rate is low.
Summary of the invention
In order to the requirement of satisfied application, the present invention proposes the process that a kind of composite material parts is shaped, and this technique can produce profile complexity, larger-size parts rapidly.Technical scheme of the present invention is: with various metals or resin for matrix material, to be with pertusate fiber cloth as reinforcement material, according to preparing spare part profile and synusia message file, carry out the arrangement of fiber cloth and the jet deposition of matrix or infiltration, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) according to the actual size of parts, in CAD software, three-dimensional modeling is carried out to parts, utilize 3D hierarchy slicing software carry out Slice by slice cutting process to the three-dimensional CAD model of parts and obtain a layer profile information;
(2) utilize CAM/CAD software according to parts synusia Automatic generation of information material forming path;
(3) one deck releasing agent is smeared on the table;
(4) jet deposition one deck Matrix Solution on workbench;
(5) on matrix, lay the fiber cloth of one deck with even hole, the even hole in fiber cloth can ensure that the upper and lower matrix of fiber cloth can combine together completely;
(6) in fiber cloth, spray Matrix Solution, its pattern is identical with current layer parts pattern;
(7) matrix jet deposition equipment rising certain altitude;
(8) repeat step 4 ~ 8 to parts to have prepared;
(9) remove unnecessary matrix and reinforcement material, obtain final molded parts.
In a kind of above-mentioned composite material parts 3D printing-forming method, be preferably, reinforcement material used be carbon cloth, alumina fibre cloth, boron fibre cloth, silicon carbide fibre cloth one or more.
In a kind of above-mentioned composite material parts 3D printing-forming method, be preferably, there is even hole on fiber cloth surface, and hole plays matrix flows channeling, can ensure that the molten metal that fiber cloth is upper and lower or resin can merge completely.
In a kind of above-mentioned composite material parts 3D printing-forming method, be preferably, the profile of spare part profile and synusia information not only accurate description parts profile, can also reflect the mechanical property requirements of parts.
In a kind of above-mentioned composite material parts 3D printing-forming method, be preferably, according to the mechanical property requirements of parts change every layer arrange the kind of fiber and the arragement direction of fiber cloth.
In a kind of above-mentioned composite material parts 3D printing-forming method, be preferably, in every layer of reinforcement, the matrix pattern of jet deposition is identical with the pattern of parts current layer.
In a kind of above-mentioned composite material parts 3D printing-forming method, be preferably, choose various metals according to the requirement of parts current layer performance or various kinds of resin carries out jet deposition formation.
In a kind of above-mentioned composite material parts 3D printing-forming method, be preferably, after parts have been shaped, the removal of unnecessary reinforcement and matrix can use conventional machining process, as cutting, drilling, turning, milling, also special process method can be adopted, as Laser Processing, ultrasonic wave processing.
In a kind of above-mentioned composite material parts 3D printing-forming method, be preferably, every layer be shaped after, the fiber cloth that the height that matrix jet deposition equipment rises is laid according to lower one deck and the thickness spraying base layer determine.
In a kind of above-mentioned composite material parts 3D printing-forming method, be preferably, under workbench is placed in atmospheric environment, vacuum environment or protective gas environment, and have carry out heating according to parts shaping demand, be incubated, the real-time temperature controlling function such as cooling.
The method that method of the present invention adopts the arrangement of reinforcement and the jet deposition of matrix to hocket, can produce various complex outline, parts that three-dimensional size is larger, while can also meet the mechanical property requirements of various parts.The present invention produces composite material parts to provide new process, can realize composite and manufacture application fast.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the formation of parts top view in embodiment 1, and wherein 1 is the spare part profile top view of jet deposition formation in fiber cloth, and 2 is fiber cloth;
Fig. 3 is the successively formation of parts side view in embodiment, and wherein 1 is the matrix material of the spare part profile of jet deposition formation in fiber cloth, and 2 is fiber cloth.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of composite material parts 3D printing-forming method that the present invention proposes, combine by utilizing many metal jets deposition formation technology and layer separated growth principle, realize successively laying and the jet deposition formation of composite material parts, realize the synchronization that material is removed simultaneously, efficient, high-quality can be realized and prepare long fiber reinforcement composite material parts.
The present embodiment adopts the surperficial boron fibre cloth with uniform bore hole and ZL114A to prepare composite material hollow round platform, and preparation process is as follows:
A, according to hollow round table actual size, utilize SolidWorks to set up cylinder three-dimensional CAD model, and gained model is carried out layered shaping and obtains profile and synusia information, saved as STL formatted file;
B, the profile of hollow round table and synusia information are input in many metal jets forming machine, according to parts synusia information, the automatic generating material forming path of forming machine;
C, start many metal jets forming machine, vacuumize process to the environment of its workbench, workbench has Automatic-heating, insulation, and cooling etc. are temperature controlling function in real time, when making operating ambient temperature be elevated to certain value;
D, to start on workbench (in Fig. 2 shown in 1) and spray one deck aluminium alloy solution according to parts synusia information;
E, boron fibre cloth are preheating to 600 DEG C in vacuum environment, determine the arragement direction of fiber cloth and lay fiber cloth (in Fig. 2 shown in 2) after first layer metal jet deposition completes according to the mechanical property requirements of parts;
F, Real-Time Monitoring regulate and control workbench temperature are in 1mm(Fig. 2 shown in 3 according to information size metal injection liquid thickness on top fiber cloth);
G, lay fiber cloth and metal injection layer according to lower one deck thickness on move metal jet depositing device;
H, repetition steps d ~ g have been prepared to parts;
I, employing Laser Processing means remove unnecessary fiber and metal, obtain final molded parts.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a composite material parts 3D printing-forming method, it is characterized in that there is the fiber cloth of even hole using surface as reinforcing material, according to spare part profile and synusia information requirements, by matrix material jet deposition to reinforcement material surface, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) according to the actual size of parts, in CAD software, three-dimensional modeling is carried out to parts, layered shaping is carried out to the three-dimensional CAD model of parts and obtains synusia profile information;
(2) be input in matrix reaction-injection moulding equipment by the synusia profile information of parts, then forming machine control system is according to parts synusia Automatic generation of information material forming path;
(3) one deck releasing agent is smeared on the table;
(4) matrix reaction-injection moulding equipment sprays one deck Matrix Solution on the table;
(5) on matrix, lay the reinforcement material of one deck with even hole;
(6) on reinforcement material, spray Matrix Solution, print current layer;
(7), after one deck is shaped, reaction-injection moulding equipment moves certain altitude;
(8) repeat step 5 ~ 7 to parts to have prepared;
(9) remove unnecessary matrix and reinforcement material, obtain final molded parts.
2. a kind of composite material parts 3D printing-forming method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described spare part profile and synusia information not only accurate description parts appearance profile, can also reflect the mechanical property requirements of parts.
3. a kind of composite material parts 3D printing-forming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, reinforcing material used be carbon cloth, alumina fibre cloth, boron fibre cloth, silicon carbide fibre cloth one or more.
4. a kind of composite material parts 3D printing-forming method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, reinforcing material used has even hole, and the size of hole and quantity determine according to parts performance requirement, matrix material and reinforcing material character.
5. a kind of composite material parts 3D printing-forming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, according to the information requirements of parts current layer change every layer arrange the kind of fiber cloth and the arragement direction of fiber cloth.
6. a kind of composite material parts 3D printing-forming method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, matrix material can be one or more metals, also can be one or more resins.
7. a kind of composite material parts 3D printing-forming method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the matrix pattern of every layer of reaction-injection moulding is identical with parts current layer pattern.
8. a kind of composite material parts 3D printing-forming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of every layer of matrix jet deposition determines according to the information requirements of parts current layer.
9. a kind of composite material parts 3D printing-forming method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, conventional machining process or special process method after parts have been shaped, can be adopted to remove the unnecessary matrix of spare part profile periphery and reinforcement.
10. a kind of composite material parts 3D printing-forming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, after every layer of matrix jet deposition completes, the height that jet deposition equipment rises is lower one deck fiber cloth thickness and matrix jet deposition layer thickness sum.
11. a kind of composite material parts 3D printing-forming methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, workbench have carry out heating according to parts shaping demand, be incubated, the temperature controlling function in real time such as cooling.
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