CN103341591A - Selective-failure-based 3D (three-dimensional) printing method for preparing mold - Google Patents
Selective-failure-based 3D (three-dimensional) printing method for preparing mold Download PDFInfo
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- CN103341591A CN103341591A CN2013103030930A CN201310303093A CN103341591A CN 103341591 A CN103341591 A CN 103341591A CN 2013103030930 A CN2013103030930 A CN 2013103030930A CN 201310303093 A CN201310303093 A CN 201310303093A CN 103341591 A CN103341591 A CN 103341591A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a selective-failure-based 3D (three-dimensional) printing method for preparing a mold, and belongs to the technical field of 3D printing. The method comprises the following steps of: drawing three-dimensional CAD solid models of a casting and the mold; carrying out hierarchical slicing along the Z direction to form a boundary contour line of the casting-mold of each layer of slice; carrying out full region failure on powder of the contour line and the inner side of the contour line, or carrying out the full region failure on the corresponding part of the casting or forming a series of fragments which are intersected with one another and easily stripped by using a different-angle crosshatch selective failure method; after completion of hierarchical processing, carrying out the post-treatment enhancement on the powder, and the overall consolidation on the corresponding part of the mold; carrying out the full region failure on the corresponding part of the casting or forming easily stripped fragments, and removing by exerting the appropriate external force and other methods to form the mold. The method provided by the invention has the effects and benefits that the molding speed and efficiency are greatly improved when the mold is prepared, a failure region is conveniently removed, the details of the mold are effectively protected, and the molds with high dimensional accuracy requirements and complex shapes can be prepared.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to 3D printing technique field, relate to based on the 3D printing technique and realize the method that the casting mold digitlization is made.
Background technology
3D prints (3D printing), rapid shaping technique a kind of, and principle is that the threedimensional model that computer is designed is resolved into some layer planes sections, then " printings " material is successively superposeed the complete object of final " accumulation " one-tenth by the section figure.
At present, the technology of 3D printing mainly comprises SLA, FDM, SLS, LOM etc.
Photocuring moulding (SLA): claiming stereolithography or stereosopic printing moulding again, is the rapid shaping technique that grows up the earliest.It is raw material with the photosensitive resin, carries out point by point scanning by each minute layer cross section information of part on the photosensitive resin surface by the computer control Ultra-Violet Laser.The thin resin layer that is scanned the zone produces photopolymerization reaction and solidifies a thin layer of formation part.After one deck curing was finished, workbench moved down the distance of a bed thickness, so that apply the new liquid resin of one deck again at the resin surface that originally was cured, so repeated, until obtaining three-dimensional entity model.
Fusion sediment moulding (FDM): the selective cladding of fuse sedimentation or filamentary material that is otherwise known as, material comprises polyester, ABS, artificial rubber, investment casting wax and polyester thermoplastic etc.It is with thread heat-fusible materials heating and melting, and simultaneously three-dimensional shower nozzle according to cross section profile information, is coated in material selectivity ground on the workbench under the control of computer, fast cooling back formation one layer cross section.Repeat above process then, continue to melt and spray deposition, until forming whole solid modelling.
Selective laser sintering (SLS): its principle is in advance at workbench upper berth one deck dusty material (metal dust or non-metal powder), laser according to interface profile information, carries out sintering to the solid section powder under computer control, moulding is piled up in constantly circulation layer by layer then.
Laminated solid body is made (LOM): claim the layered manner moulding again, it is material with sheet material (as the scraps of paper, plastic sheeting, composite etc.), and sheet surface applies the last layer PUR in advance, adds man-hour, hot pressing roller hot pressing sheet material makes it bonding with the following workpiece that has been shaped; It cuts out part section profile and workpiece housing with the CO2 laser instrument at just bonding new layer according to the outline line in each cross section of CAD 3D model, and cuts out the grid of consistency from top to bottom between cross section profile and housing in the unnecessary zone.Cutting successively so repeatedly, bonding until forming required product.
Based on the 3D printing technique, can produce complex-shaped part, for product design and production created unlimited may with imagination space, development in recent years becomes the research focus rapidly and.But with the direct processing parts of 3D printing technique, cost is very high, and is difficult to directly make the engineering part.If produce casting mold by the 3D printing technique earlier, produce foundry goods by casting method again, for the manufacturing of complicated shape part, have clear superiorities such as high efficiency, high-performance, low cost, nearly clean shape.
More than four kinds of 3D Method of printings characteristics are respectively arranged, but be used for making casting mold, also all come with some shortcomings.
The SLA method: need carry out sector scanning to each aspect, shaping efficiency is lower; The prices of raw and semifnished materials expensive and to environment pollution is arranged, poor dimensional stability is yielding, intensity is lower, heat-resisting quantity is poor.
FDM method: little with the intensity of cross section vertical direction, shaping speed is relatively slow, profiled member material non-refractory.
SLS method: need carry out sintering to the forming area of each aspect, make molding time longer; Problems such as profiled member ubiquity dimensional accuracy is relatively poor, surface smoothness is lower.
The LOM method: selection range is narrow, generally can only adopt paper equicontinuity thin material, and the profiled member performance is difficult to improve, and non-refractory is peeled off difficulty for the part with complicated shape inner chamber.
In above-mentioned 4 kinds of 3D printing techniques commonly used, SLA, PDM, LOM are because the moulding material non-refractory, still be not suitable for the making casting mold at present, and there are problems such as molding time is long, efficient is low in the SLS method owing to need carry out comprehensive sintering to the forming area of each aspect.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method that realizes casting mold digitlization making based on the 3D printing technique.
Technical scheme of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: draw the three-dimensional CAD physical model of foundry goods, obtain the three-dimensional CAD physical model of casting mold after computer is handled it, foundry goods forms the three-dimensional CAD physical model of casting and mold corresponding to the cavity of casting mold inside.
Step 2: the three-dimensional CAD physical model to step 1 medium casting-casting mold carries out hierarchy slicing in Z-direction, during Z-direction section subdivision target entity, generates the casting and mold boundary contour.
Step 3:3D printer control system is when each layer of processing powder, boundary contour according to the casting and mold of each layer section in the step 2, outline line and the inboard foundry goods counterpart of outline line are carried out the universe inefficacy, perhaps adopt the method for different angles crossing section line options inefficacy, make a series of broken bodies of cutting apart mutually that foundry goods counterpart universe lost efficacy or formation is peeled off easily.
Step 4: bed thickness of workbench decline, spread powder again, repeating step 3 is finished until each slice processing.
Step 5: after layering machines, powder is carried out post processing strengthen, casting and mold boundary contour outside casting mold counterpart integral body is fixed; The broken body that the inboard foundry goods counterpart global failure of casting and mold boundary contour or formation are peeled off is easily removed by ways such as suitable adding external force, forms casting mold.
Effect of the present invention and benefit are:
Compare with present existing 3D Method of printing, when making the especially large-scale casting mold of casting mold, owing to only casting and mold boundary contour and inboard foundry goods counterpart thereof are carried out crash handling, shaping speed and efficient improve a lot.Failed areas is removed convenient, has effectively protected the details of casting mold, can manufactured size required precision height, complex-shaped casting mold.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is system schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the invention 1 " spur bevel gear " foundry goods three-dimensional CAD figure.
Fig. 3 is that the embodiment of the invention 1 target formed body " spur bevel gear casting mold " 3D prints schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the embodiment of the invention 2 " cam " foundry goods three-dimensional CAD figure.
Fig. 5 is that the embodiment of the invention 2 target formed bodys " cam casting mold " 3D prints schematic diagram.
Among the figure: 1 laser instrument or shower nozzle; 2 foundry goods counterparts; 3 casting mold counterparts; 4 casting and mold boundary contours; 5 workbench; 6 lifters; 7 " spur bevel gear " casting mold counterpart; 8 " spur bevel gear " foundry goods counterpart universe lost efficacy and illustrated; 9 " cam " casting mold counterpart; 10 " cam " foundry goods counterpart adopts different angles crossing section line options inefficacy signal.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with technical scheme and accompanying drawing, be described in detail most preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: the 3D of " spur bevel gear " casting mold prints, employing be laser selective inefficacy method
At first, draw the three-dimensional CAD physical model of " spur bevel gear " foundry goods, after handling it, computer obtains the three-dimensional CAD physical model of " spur bevel gear " casting mold, foundry goods forms the three-dimensional CAD physical model of " spur bevel gear " casting and mold corresponding to the cavity of casting mold inside.
Then, in Z-direction above-mentioned physical model is carried out hierarchy slicing, slice thickness is 0.3mm, and every layer of section all generates the casting and mold boundary contour.The corresponding part in the outline line outside is " spur bevel gear casting mold ", and the inboard corresponding part of outline line and outline line is " spur bevel gear foundry goods ", and this part is the zone that need selectively lose efficacy and process.
Then, the 3D printer control system begins lay precoated sand powder, boundary contour according to the casting and mold of each layer section, the movement locus of computer controlled controlling laser beam and power level, powder in outline line and the outline line is carried out laser scanning, the precoated sand powder universe of foundry goods counterpart was lost efficacy, make it lose the thermosetting performance, when follow-up heating is strengthened, do not form active strength.
Bed thickness of workbench decline, the 3D print control system is lay precoated sand powder again, and repeats above-mentioned processing powder step, and the precoated sand powder universe of foundry goods counterpart was lost efficacy, and finishes until each slice processing.
Layering machines and to after the preheating of precoated sand powder, the precoated sand powder integral body of casting mold and foundry goods correspondence is taken out from the 3D printer, puts into the heating furnace heating and strengthens, and heating-up temperature is 180 ℃, and be 3 hours heat time heating time.Heating strengthen finish after, the precoated sand powder of casting mold and foundry goods correspondence taken out from heating furnace and cool off naturally.At this moment, the corresponding casting mold in the casting and mold boundary contour outside partly obtains whole fixed and reinforcement, the inboard corresponding foundry goods part of casting and mold boundary contour, because global failure, by vibrations or suitably add way such as external force and removed, form target entity " spur bevel gear " casting mold.
Embodiment 2: the 3D of " cam " casting mold prints, employing be laser selective inefficacy method
At first, draw the three-dimensional CAD physical model of " cam " foundry goods, obtain the three-dimensional CAD physical model of " cam " casting mold after computer is handled it, foundry goods forms the three-dimensional CAD physical model of " cam " casting and mold corresponding to the cavity of casting mold inside.
Then, in Z-direction above-mentioned physical model is carried out hierarchy slicing, slice thickness is 0.3mm, and every layer of section all generates the casting and mold boundary contour.The corresponding part in the outline line outside is " cam casting mold ", and the inboard corresponding part of outline line and outline line is " cam foundry goods ", and this part is the zone that need selectively lose efficacy and process.
Then, the 3D printer control system begins to process the precoated sand powder, boundary contour according to the casting and mold of each layer section, the movement locus of computer controlled controlling laser beam and power level, powder in outline line and the outline line is adopted the method for different angles crossing section line options inefficacy, the a series of broken bodies of cutting apart mutually that the foundry goods counterpart formed peel off easily, independent separately when follow-up heating is strengthened, do not form active strength.
Bed thickness of workbench decline, the 3D print control system is lay precoated sand powder again, and repeat above-mentioned processing powder step, and make the precoated sand powder of foundry goods counterpart form a series of broken bodies of cutting apart mutually of peeling off easily, finish until each slice processing.
Layering machines and to after the preheating of precoated sand powder, with precoated sand powder integral body taking-up from the 3D printer of casting mold and foundry goods correspondence, puts into the heating furnace heating and strengthen, and heating-up temperature is 180 ℃, and be 3 hours heat time heating time.Heating strengthen finish after, the precoated sand powder of casting mold and foundry goods correspondence taken out from heating furnace and cool off naturally.At this moment, the corresponding casting mold in the casting and mold boundary contour outside partly obtains whole fixed and reinforcement, the inboard corresponding foundry goods part of casting and mold boundary contour, owing to formed a series of broken bodies of cutting apart mutually of peeling off easily, by vibrations or suitably add way such as external force and removed, form target entity " cam " casting mold.
Claims (1)
1. make the 3D Method of printing of casting mold based on selective inefficacy for one kind, its feature may further comprise the steps,
Step 1: draw the three-dimensional CAD physical model of foundry goods, obtain the three-dimensional CAD physical model of casting mold after it is handled; Foundry goods forms the three-dimensional CAD physical model of casting and mold corresponding to the cavity of casting mold inside;
Step 2: the three-dimensional CAD physical model to step 1 medium casting-casting mold carries out hierarchy slicing in Z-direction, during Z-direction section subdivision target entity, generates the casting and mold boundary contour;
Step 3:3D printer control system is when each layer of processing powder, boundary contour according to the casting and mold of each layer section in the step 2, outline line and the inboard foundry goods counterpart of outline line are carried out the method that lost efficacy or adopted the inefficacy of different angles crossing section line options in comprehensive territory, make a series of broken bodies of cutting apart mutually that lost efficacy in the comprehensive territory of foundry goods counterpart or formation is peeled off easily;
Step 4: bed thickness of workbench decline, spread powder again, repeating step 3 is finished until each slice processing;
Step 5: after layering machines, powder is carried out post processing strengthen, casting and mold boundary contour outside casting mold counterpart integral body is fixed; The inboard foundry goods counterpart of casting and mold boundary contour all lost efficacy or formed the broken body of peeling off easily, removed by adding external force, formed casting mold.
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Cited By (8)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103823649A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-05-28 | 浙江大学 | Three-dimensional printing uniform thickness shelling method based on slicing file |
| CN103847102A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-06-11 | 大连理工大学 | Laser shell mould invalid rapid forming method of film covering powder material |
| CN103995307A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-08-20 | 广东壮丽彩印股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing thin film optical grating die |
| CN105033255A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-11 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method for directly obtaining martensite die steel through laser 3D printing technology |
| CN106040989A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-10-26 | 芜湖永裕汽车工业股份有限公司 | Preparation technology of sand core for engine cylinder head |
| CN107209957A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2017-09-26 | 惠普发展公司有限责任合伙企业 | Represent to generate slice of data from voxel |
| CN107598093A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-01-19 | 四川共享铸造有限公司 | A kind of insulated feeder sand core structure and core manufacture method |
| CN108705033A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-10-26 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of casting mold and its manufacturing method with hollow structure |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103823649A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-05-28 | 浙江大学 | Three-dimensional printing uniform thickness shelling method based on slicing file |
| CN103823649B (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2016-08-17 | 浙江大学 | A kind of 3 D-printing uniform wall thickness based on section file takes out shell side method |
| CN103847102A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-06-11 | 大连理工大学 | Laser shell mould invalid rapid forming method of film covering powder material |
| CN103995307A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-08-20 | 广东壮丽彩印股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing thin film optical grating die |
| CN103995307B (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2016-03-23 | 广东壮丽彩印股份有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method of thin film grating mould |
| CN107209957A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2017-09-26 | 惠普发展公司有限责任合伙企业 | Represent to generate slice of data from voxel |
| CN107209957B (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2021-04-02 | 惠普发展公司有限责任合伙企业 | Generating slice data from a voxel representation |
| CN105033255A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-11 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method for directly obtaining martensite die steel through laser 3D printing technology |
| CN106040989A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-10-26 | 芜湖永裕汽车工业股份有限公司 | Preparation technology of sand core for engine cylinder head |
| CN107598093A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-01-19 | 四川共享铸造有限公司 | A kind of insulated feeder sand core structure and core manufacture method |
| CN108705033A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-10-26 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of casting mold and its manufacturing method with hollow structure |
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Application publication date: 20131009 |