CN104343826B - 轮毂组件的密封装置 - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60B27/00—Hubs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
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- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
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- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
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- F16C33/768—Sealings of ball or roller bearings between relatively stationary parts, i.e. static seals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/72—Sealings
- F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
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- F16C33/783—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the mounting region
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
- F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
- F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
- F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
- F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
- F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
- F16C19/186—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with three raceways provided integrally on parts other than race rings, e.g. third generation hubs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract
一种轮毂组件(2)的密封装置(1,11),设置有滚动轴承(3),所述密封装置设置有屏障(6,16),其被装配在轴承(3)的外圈(4),并且设有环形圆柱壁(61,161),其具有内部横向表面(62,162),内部横向表面沿着所述外圈(4)的凸缘(41)的外部横向表面(42)压配合,所述内部横向平面(62,162)示出相应的内径(Di),并且所述外部横向表面(42)示出相应的外径(De);并且一个静态密封元件(7,17)受限于所述屏障(6,16);内径(Di)和外径(De)之间的干涉与屏障厚度的比值在0.22到0.5的范围之间;内部横向表面(62,162)与外部横向表面(42)之间的连接长度(L,L′)等于或大于5mm;并且外部横向表面(42)的外径(De)与连接长度(L,L′)的比值在1到1.19的范围之间。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及轮毂组件的密封装置。
本发明特别适合于,但不仅仅适合于车辆轮毂组件,其设置有滚动轴承,用于从动轮。在这类应用中,轴承内圈被装配在轮轴上,其传递旋转运动至所述轮,而所述轴承外圈被装配在静止毂上,例如汽车悬架毂。作为一示例,不失去完整性,本说明书将参考这样一种应用。
背景技术
作为从动轮的应用,其沿轴承轴线方向无一穿槽轴,此类所述的密封装置为一轴对称杯状,以便包裹所述轴承外圈。由于所述轴承外圈是静止的,此类装置完成一静止密封,其保护所述轴承避免任何环境污染物(水、泥,杂物等等)。
一般来说,密封装置包括一基本上为杯状的金属屏障,通过压装操作将其装配在所述滚动轴承外圈的凸缘上。尤其,所述屏障包括一环形圆柱壁,其内部横向平面通过所述的压装操作与轴承内圈的凸缘的外部横向平面连接。而在前述实施例中,所述密封装置被设计为仅通过与轴承连接来确保其功能,在目前已知的实施例中,所述密封装置带有一金属屏障,其被稳定安装一弹性密封元件,其外部包裹屏障并且带有一附件,其轮廓可理想的长时间运转,其突起在轴向方向上并在所述轴承内部,因此实现一密封唇。
文件EP 2 466 161 A1公开一种轴承/毂单元用于一种机动车轮,其设有一静止轴承外圈和一轴承内圈,其与无任何密封装置的外圈型腔一起限定;一种编码器安排在型腔内部并安装在内圈外部;以及一种由非铁磁材料制作的保护罩并且其被安装在所述外圈上,用于保护编码器和闭合的型腔;此处被设置一静态密封元件,其被连接至所述保护罩的外边缘。
文件DE10 2006 040776 A1公开一种滚动轴承,其中一基座是圆锥的形式用于所述密封元件的圆柱部分。
目前金属屏障和轴承外圈的凸缘的几何结构,尤其是装配后,用于两组件压装平面的干涉和同样平面的连接长度,引起密封装置的环形圆柱壁为一典型的圆锥形状。此类现象影响密封质量。事实上,组件耐力测试的最终结果显示水分渗入百分比增加并达到一不可接受值。
发明内容
本发明以实现用于轮毂组件的密封装置为目的,其没有如上所述的不便。
根据本发明,描述一种轮毂组件的密封装置,所述轮毂组件设置有滚动轴承以及密封装置,所述密封装置具有如所附独立权利要求所述的特性。
通过优化密封装置的屏障与轴承外圈之间的连接长度和干涉,有利的是将环形圆柱壁的圆锥形状几乎减小到零是可行的,这有利于实现静态密封。
优选和/或特别有利的是,本发明的其它实施例根据所附的从属权利要求进行描述。
附图说明
通过参考示出一些非限制性实例的附图来描述本发明,即:
图1是根据本发明所述的带有密封装置的轮毂组件的部分截面图;
图2是根据第一实施例的图1中密封装置的截面图;
图3是图2的细节图,其示出所述密封装置的压配合表面和一部分的弹性唇部;
图4是所述轴承外圈的一部分截面图,并且特别示出了其凸缘,此处所述密封装置是压配合;
图5是根据一可替换实施例的图1中密封装置的截面图;以及
图6是图5的细节图,其示出所述密封装置的压配合表面和一部分的弹性唇部。
具体实施方式
参照图1所示,附图标记1指的是用于轮毂组件2的整个的密封装置。轮毂组件2设置有滚动轴承3,滚动轴承包括外圈4和内圈5和诸如滚珠的多个滚动元件4′,所述外圈与轴承3自身的旋转轴线A同轴,所述内圈5与外圈4同轴。
根据本发明并参照图2和图3,所述密封装置1包括屏障6,其被装配在轴承3的外圈4上。所述屏障6基本上为杯形并且其包括环形圆柱壁61(带有内部横向表面62)和大致的径向圆形壁63,其稳定的安装在环形圆柱壁61上,所述圆形壁63是屏障6的底端。所述密封装置还包括静态密封元件7,基本上形状为环形筒。所述静态密封元件7外部受限于屏障6并且是环形圆柱壁71。所述静态密封元件7优选由弹性材料制成并且采用公知方法稳定地安装至屏障6,例如硫化。所述静态密封元件7轴向突出超过环形圆柱壁61的端面64,呈现出环形圆柱唇部72的形状。
参照图4所示,所述轴承外圈4具有凸缘41,其被第一外部横向表面42,前端环形表面43以及内部横向表面44限定。所述凸缘41是外圈4在其上压配合密封装置1的一部分。所述凸缘41的外部轮廓在轴向上与第二外部横向表面45连续,第二外部横向表面45的直径大于第一外部横向表面42的直径。表面42和45彼此通过半径为R的圆形连接部46连接。
如图1所示,所述密封装置1的装配通过将屏障6以干涉的方式连接到所述外圈4的凸缘41上来实现,所述干涉被设置在凸缘41的第一外部横向表面42的外径De与屏障6的圆柱环状壁61的内部横向表面62的内径Di之间。所述屏障6在凸缘41上的压配合操作通过停止屏障圆形壁63的内部表面65抵靠在凸缘41的前端环形表面43来实现。连接长度L由所述屏障6的环形圆柱壁61的长度来确定,换句话说,通过圆形壁63的内部表面65与环形圆柱壁61的端面64之间的距离来确定。在装配之后,密封元件7的唇部72被压靠在凸缘41的表面,其被半径为R的圆形连接部46限制,并且所述唇部将提供适合的密封力。
为了核实本发明的主要结果,即压配合后屏障6的环形圆柱壁61的圆锥形状的减小,实验研究已显示如果屏障6的圆柱环状壁61的内部横向表面62的直径Di与凸缘41的第一外部横向表面42的直径De之间的过盈量使得过盈量/屏障厚度的比值的范围在0.22到0.5之间;内部横向表面62与外部横向表面42之间的连接长度L等于或大于5mm;所述外部横向表面42的外径De与连接长度L的比值范围在1到1.19之间,可以实现这样的结果。
以这种方式操作,所述环形圆柱壁61的圆锥形状达到几乎为零的数值,这对于轴承密封在其整个使用寿命中是有利的。
根据优选的实施例,总是以提高所述密封装置的性能为目标,可能的是增加压缩强度,所述唇部72由凸缘41的静态密封元件7得到,尤其是被所述圆形连接部46所限定的表面。
此外,总是在所述唇部72上增加压缩强度,这有利于定位通过凸缘41的圆形连接部46所限制的表面,在某种程度上所述密封唇部发生适当的变形,施加于所述唇部72上的力增加并且因此在此区域的接触压力也增加。这可以通过设计半径为R的圆形连接部46的中心与凸缘41的前端环形表面43之间的距离D来实现,从而此距离等于或大于5mm。
最后,在装配后并且因此在一个压缩状态时,以所述唇部72在圆形连接部46上的定位为目的,优选地是,距离D(如前所述,圆形连接部46与凸缘41的前端环形平面43之间的距离)与屏障6的环形圆柱壁61的连接长度L之间的比值在1到1.19范围之间。
根据本发明所述的密封装置的另一实施例如图5所示并且细节如图6所示。在这些附图中,密封装置11包括屏障16,在此实施例中基本上也为杯形,并且屏障16包括环形圆柱壁161,其设置有内部横向表面162和大致径向圆形壁163,其稳定的安装在所述环形圆柱壁161上,所述圆形壁163作为屏障16的底端。此实施例的特殊之处在于所述环形圆柱壁161设置有端部突出部164,其在径向外部方向上弯曲。
还有在此实施例中,所述密封装置11还包括静态密封元件17,其基本上为环形圆柱形。所述静态密封元件17外部受限于屏障16并且是环形圆柱壁171。所述静态密封元件17最好采用弹性材料制作并且采用公知的方法稳定的安装至屏障16,例如硫化。所述静态密封元件17轴向突出超过环形圆柱壁161的端部突出部164,呈现出环形圆柱唇部172的形状。
密封装置11的组件与密封装置1相同:所述密封装置11的装配通过以干涉的方式连接屏障16在外圈4的凸缘41上来实现,并且所述干涉被设置在凸缘41的第一外部横向表面42的外径De与屏障16的圆柱环状壁161的内部横向表面162的内径Di之间。屏障16在凸缘41上的压配合操作通过停止屏障圆形壁163的内部表面165抵靠在凸缘41的前端环形表面43来实现。连接长度L′通过屏障16的环形圆柱壁161的长度来确定,换句话说,通过圆形壁163的内部表面165与环形圆柱壁161的端部突出部164的前缘166之间的距离来确定。装配后,所述密封元件17的唇部172被压缩抵靠在凸缘41的表面,其由半径为R的圆形连接部46限制,并且所述唇部将提供适合的密封力。
并且对于本实施例,在装配之后,如果屏障16的圆柱环状壁161的内部横向表面162的直径Di与凸缘41的第一外部横向表面42的直径De之间的过盈量使得过盈量/屏障厚度的比值在0.22到0.5的范围之间;所述内部横向表面162与外部横向表面42之间的连接长度L′等于或大于5mm;所述外部横向表面42的外径De与连接长度L′的比值在1到1.19的范围之间,屏障16的环形圆柱壁161的圆锥形状几乎等于0。
同样于所述密封装置1,为了提高密封装置11的性能,可能的是增加压缩强度,唇部172由所凸缘41的静态密封元件17得到,尤其是通过制作更硬的唇部172。
此外,总是在所述唇部172上增加压缩强度,有利的是定位通过凸缘41的圆形连接部46所限制的表面,在某种程度上,所述密封唇部适当的变形,施加于所述唇部172上的力增加并且因此在此区域的接触压力也增加。这可以通过设计半径为R的圆形连接部46的中心到凸缘41的前端环形平面43的距离D来实现,在某种程度上,此距离等于或大于5mm。
最后,在装配后并且因此在一个压缩状态时,以所述唇部172在圆形连接部46上的定位为目的,有利的是,距离D(如前所述,圆形连接部46到凸缘41的前端环形平面43之间的距离)与屏障16的环形圆柱壁161的连接长度L′的比值在1到1.19的范围之间。
由于端部突出部164,所述密封装置11的实施例允许获得唇部172在圆形连接部46的表面上的更大的接触压力。
如上所述,除了本发明的实施例,可以理解的是存在大量的变化。还应当理解的是,示例性实施例或各示例性实施例仅仅是示例性的并且不以任何方式限制范围、适用性或构造。更准确的说,前述总结和详细描述将为本领域技术人员提供用于实现至少一个示例性实施例的方便的路线图,可以理解的是,不偏离如前面所述的范围,在附加权利要求及其等同物中,可以对在示例性实施例中所描述的各元件的功能和设置做出多种改变。
Claims (6)
1.一种轮毂组件(2)的密封装置(1,11),该轮毂组件设置有滚动轴承(3),所述密封装置包括:
屏障(6,16),其被装配在轴承(3)的外圈(4)上并且设置有环形圆柱壁(61,161),该环形圆柱壁具有内部横向表面(62,162),该内部横向表面沿着所述外圈(4)的凸缘(41)的外部横向表面(42)压配合,所述内部横向表面(62,162)示出相应的内径(Di),并且所述外部横向表面(42)示出相应的外径(De);以及
静态密封元件(7,17),其受限于所述屏障(6,16);
所述密封装置(1,11)的特征在于:
内径(Di)和外径(De)之间的过盈量与屏障厚度的比值在0.22到0.5的范围之间;
内部横向表面(62,162)与外部横向表面(42)之间的连接长度(L,L′)等于或大于5mm;以及
外部横向表面(42)的外径(De)与连接长度(L,L′)的比值在1到1.19的范围之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的密封装置,其特征在于,所述屏障(6)的内部横向表面(62)与外部横向表面(42)之间的连接长度(L)等于所述屏障(6)的基本上为圆形壁(63)的内部表面(65)与环形圆柱壁(61)的端面(64)之间的距离。
3.根据权利要求1所述的密封装置,其特征在于,所述环形圆柱壁(161)设置有端部突出部(164),其在向外径向方向上弯折。
4.根据权利要求3所述的密封装置,其特征在于,所述内部横向表面(162)与所述外部横向表面(42)之间的连接长度(L′)通过基本上圆形壁(163)的内部表面(165)与环形圆柱壁(161)的端部突出部(164)的前缘(166)之间的距离确定。
5.根据前述权利要求其中之一所述的密封装置,其特征在于,所述凸缘(41)的带有半径(R)的圆形连接处(46)的中心与所述凸缘(41)的环形前端表面(43)之间的距离(D)等于或大于5mm。
6.根据权利要求5所述的密封装置,其特征在于,所述距离(D)与连接长度(L′)之间的比值在1到1.19的范围之间。
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