CN104335802A - Method for cracking resistance and prematurity of Fengtian melons - Google Patents
Method for cracking resistance and prematurity of Fengtian melons Download PDFInfo
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- CN104335802A CN104335802A CN201410466116.4A CN201410466116A CN104335802A CN 104335802 A CN104335802 A CN 104335802A CN 201410466116 A CN201410466116 A CN 201410466116A CN 104335802 A CN104335802 A CN 104335802A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cracking resistance and prematurity of Fengtian melons. The method comprises the steps of managing the temperature, the water, fertilizer application and the like; the control over melon crack and the prematurity are realized by using a growth regulator, spraying and applying calcium fertilizer on leaf surfaces and other measures, and the influence on the quality of the melons is avoided. Through treatment by the method disclosed by the invention, the fruit-cracking rate is greatly reduced, the time to market is shortened by half a month, and economic values of the Fengtian melons are increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rich melon wilt technology, be specifically related to a kind of method of rich muskmelon anticracking precocity.
Background technology
Rich muskmelon, belongs to the one of crackling muskmelon, and because its skin is thin, sugariness is large, and thick flavor, dark consumer likes, generally cultivates all over China.But because its skin is thin, Cracking fruit is higher relative to other muskmelons.When rich muskmelon dehiscent fruit refers to that rich melon fruit closes on maturation, pericarp ftractures, and near carpopodium, striated occurs on fruit face or fruit top or fruit side, is specifically divided into again that top is split, line splits and slide fastener fruit etc.Rich muskmelon dehiscent fruit is very common in greenhouse by solar heat, belongs to physiological disturbance.It not only directly affects outward appearance and the price of product after occurring, and fragmented parts PI, is rotted, lose commodity value by bacterial invasion.The mainly reason of dehiscent fruit is that pulp growth is asynchronous with pericarp growth speed, and fruit growth inside is fast, and the excessive pericarp that causes of turgescence ftractures, and dehiscent fruit occurs.Once generation dehiscent fruit, prevent and treat very difficult.Only accomplish that the growth rate of pericarp and pulp is harmonious, could effectively prevent rich muskmelon dehiscent fruit from occurring.But due to a variety of causes, can crack when rich muskmelon is ripe, generally speaking, the Cracking fruit of rich muskmelon is 10 ~ 15%, causes the taste of rich muskmelon to change to some extent relative to other muskmelons, and quality declines.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to current Problems existing, the technical problem mainly solved is to provide a kind of method preventing rich melon fruit dehiscent fruit, the multiple measure of integrated use reduces rich muskmelon dehiscent fruit, Photosynthate trasport can not only be reduced, reduce the growth rate of pulp, make the growth rate of pericarp and pulp harmonious, and serve good anti-fruit-cracking effect by the effect of growth regulator.For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
The standby seed broadcast goes not plump through roguing, carry out seed treatment again after airing.With thiophanate methyl or carbendazim 500 ~ 600 times seed soaking sterilizing 15 minutes, pull out and put into clear water and clean, soak seed 30 minutes with passivation virus with concentration 15% trisodium phosphate solution.Use 50 ~ 60 DEG C of water seed soakings again, be stirred to 30 DEG C, let alone immersion 6 ~ 8 hours, pull the moisture cleaned on seed coat out, with clean coarse cloth, kind of a sublayering is wrapped, be positioned over vernalization under 30 ~ 32 DEG C of constant temperature (vernalization mode is various, can at insulating box, or with electric blanket, fermentation dunghill and in the warm water bucket of boiler room etc. place carry out).Within 24 ~ 30 hours, expose radicle, can sow.
Seedbed management is to grasp centered by temperature, and want airtight stuffy before emerging, now bed temperature is advisable to keep 30 ~ 35 DEG C.Starting to be unearthed once young shoot just suitably to note leaking informaton ventilative, because open and flat to cotyledon from coming up, hypocotyl growth is the fastest during this period of time, it is the stage of the easiest excessive growth of seedling, so will pay special attention to the excessive growth controlling muskmelon seedling, its measure has three: the first, and bed temperature is reduced to 15 ~ 22 DEG C; The second, the prolonging light time as far as possible, ensure seedling normal development; 3rd, reduce air and soil moisture in bed, relative air humidity daytime 50% ~ 60%, night 70% ~ 80%.After true leaf occurs, seedling is excessive growth not easily, and therefore bed temperature should bring up to 25 ~ 30 DEG C again.After seedling two panels true leaf, should bed temperature be reduced, control to water, carry out the exercise before field planting.
Before rich muskmelon is emerged, keep daytime the temperature in canopy to be 30-35 DEG C, be more than 18 DEG C in the evening; To notice when temperature is more than 35 DEG C that opening Small plastic shed two ventilates; When the seed top of 60-70% soil, throw off mulch film; After emerging to true leaf launch the phase suitably lower the temperature, keep daytime the temperature in canopy to be 20-25 DEG C, night is 15-18 DEG C; After true leaf launches, bed temperature can suitably improve, and is advisable with daytime 25-30 DEG C: in field planting the last week, take off film hardening;
A small amount of field planting water is watered in time, in order to slow seedling after field planting.1 seedling recovering water within 5 ~ 7 days, is watered after slow seedling.Seedling Stage and stretch climing phase soil moisture and keep 70%.Phase of bearing fruit of blooming controls to water, and sits after melon and waters in good time, keep ground moistening.Water when young melon egg is large and urge melon water, fruit expanding period should ensure that moisture is sufficient, soil moisture 80 ~ 85%; Water in time when tying the 2nd batch of melon and urge melon water, fructescence soil moisture keeps 50% ~ 60%.Topdress for 2 times in, swollen melon phase and knot two-batch melon time-division, stretch the climing phase and use 100 times of nitrogen, phosphorus, the K composite fertilizer aqueous solution, each every strain is spreaded manuer in holes into 1 kilogram-1.5 kilograms, spray of every 10 days of swollen melon phase 1 600-800 times of potassium treasured or potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and each every strain sprays 300 ~ 350ml; Knot two-batch melon imposes the bran cake fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed, and each every strain is spreaded manuer in holes into 0.5 kilogram-1 kilogram.
At seedling 5-6 sheet true leaf, during climing long 15-20 centimetre, retain 2-3 sheet true leaf, carry out first time and pinch.Treat that lateral bine is extracted out, 2-3 bar robust growth of selecting and remain, distribution reasonably son are climing, and remaining all removes.The climing long 20-30 of son centimetre, have a 5-6 sheet great Ye time, retain 2-3 sheet great Ye, carry out second time and pinch.Treat that lateral bine is extracted out, every strip climing 2-3 of selecting and remain bar robust growth, the rational grandson that distributes are climing, and remaining all removes.
Within two weeks, start at rich muskmelon Post flowering, within every 8-12 days, at foliage-spray calcareous fertilisers solution, spray 2-3 time altogether, spray 800-1000 calcareous fertilisers solution doubly at every turn; Gather first half of the month at rich muskmelon, then foliage-spray 200-300 calcareous fertilisers solution doubly.
When rich melon fruit grows to mature period half size time, the branching position of fixed knot fruit branch and main cob, reverses 180 ° by clockwise for the main cob of distance branching position 3-4 centimeters or inhour, avoids injuring fruit ear xylem when cob reverses.
15-20 days after rich muskmelon is spent, by concentration be 0.05% forchlorfenuron and concentration be 0.1% gibberellin writing brush be stained with liquid uniform application children melon, then in fruit maturation mid-term, then by concentration be 0.08% forchlorfenuron writing brush be stained with liquid uniform application muskmelon.
Within whole vegetative period, soil moisture can not lower than 48%, but the different developmental stage, also different to the requirement of moisture.Few to stretching climing front melon seedling water requirement after field planting, blade face evaporation discharge is few, should control to water, and promotes that root system expands; Stretch the climing phase suitably to topdress and water; SPRING WHEAT BEFORE AND AFTER FLOWERING strictly controls to water, and when young melon grows to egg size, starts to enter the swollen melon phase, and foot is wanted in moisture supply.
If meet low temperature overcast and rainy day weather flowering stage, Pollination Fertilization is bad, and fruit-setting rate is on the low side, and in protecting field, the necessary artificial pollination of plantation thick-skinned melon, overcast and rainy particularly important.Pollination is generally carried out the morning 8 ~ 10 time.Taken by the male flower that the same day is in full bloom during pollination, confirm to start loose powder, remove petal, spread upon by pollen on female chapiter gently, a general male flower can smear 2 ~ 3 female flowers.Or address this problem with the spirit of seat melon, utilize " sitting melon spirit " process on the female flower open same day or can carry out in 1-3 days before blooming, the processing time is longer, processes within latter 6 hours and does not have rain drop erosion, fruit-setting rate can reach more than 90%, for melon grower removes trouble and worry.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: regulated and controled by many kinds of measures, Cracking fruit obviously reduces, and effect is very remarkable, and its Time To Market is also done sth. in advance, and improves its economic worth.
Embodiment
Below preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, can be easier to make advantages and features of the invention be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, thus more explicit defining is made to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment
In rich Muskmelon Planting base, a booth is selected to test.Except Routine Management, also comprise:
Before rich muskmelon is emerged, keep daytime the temperature in canopy to be 30-35 DEG C, be more than 18 DEG C in the evening; To notice when temperature is more than 35 DEG C that opening Small plastic shed two ventilates; When the seed top of 60-70% soil, throw off mulch film; After emerging to true leaf launch the phase suitably lower the temperature, keep daytime the temperature in canopy to be 20-25 DEG C, night is 15-18 DEG C; After true leaf launches, bed temperature can suitably improve, and is advisable with daytime 25-30 DEG C: in field planting the last week, take off film hardening.
A small amount of field planting water is watered in time, in order to slow seedling after field planting.1 seedling recovering water within 5 ~ 7 days, is watered after slow seedling.Seedling Stage and stretch climing phase soil moisture and keep 70%.Phase of bearing fruit of blooming controls to water, and sits after melon and waters in good time, keep ground moistening.Water when young melon egg is large and urge melon water, fruit expanding period should ensure that moisture is sufficient, soil moisture 80 ~ 85%; Water in time when tying the 2nd batch of melon and urge melon water, fructescence soil moisture keeps 50% ~ 60%.Topdress for 2 times in, swollen melon phase and knot two-batch melon time-division, stretch the climing phase and use 100 times of nitrogen, phosphorus, the K composite fertilizer aqueous solution, each every strain is spreaded manuer in holes into 1 kilogram-1.5 kilograms, spray of every 10 days of swollen melon phase 1 600 times of potassium treasured or potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and each every strain sprays 300 ~ 350ml; Knot two-batch melon imposes the bran cake fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed, and each every strain is spreaded manuer in holes into 0.5 kilogram.
At seedling 5-6 sheet true leaf, during climing long 15-20 centimetre, retain 2-3 sheet true leaf, carry out first time and pinch.Treat that lateral bine is extracted out, 2-3 bar robust growth of selecting and remain, distribution reasonably son are climing, and remaining all removes.The climing long 20-30 of son centimetre, have a 5-6 sheet great Ye time, retain 2-3 sheet great Ye, carry out second time and pinch.Treat that lateral bine is extracted out, every strip climing 2-3 of selecting and remain bar robust growth, the rational grandson that distributes are climing, and remaining all removes.
Within two weeks, start at rich muskmelon Post flowering, within every 8 days, at foliage-spray calcareous fertilisers solution, spray 2-3 time altogether, spray the calcareous fertilisers solution of 800 times at every turn; Gather first half of the month at rich muskmelon, then the calcareous fertilisers solution of foliage-spray one time 300 times.
When rich melon fruit grows to mature period half size time, the branching position of fixed knot fruit branch and main cob, reverses 180 ° by clockwise for the main cob of distance branching position 3-4 centimeters or inhour, avoids injuring fruit ear xylem when cob reverses.
After rich muskmelon is spent 15 days, by concentration be 0.05% forchlorfenuron and concentration be 0.1% gibberellin writing brush be stained with liquid uniform application children melon, then in fruit maturation mid-term, then by concentration be 0.08% forchlorfenuron writing brush be stained with liquid uniform application muskmelon.
The rich muskmelon Cracking fruit of this morning through above-mentioned process have dropped 98.5%, and ripen in advance 10-15 days, Cracking fruit reduces greatly, and Time To Market is in advance.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize description of the present invention to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a method for rich muskmelon anticracking precocity, is characterized in that, comprise following measures:
(1) before rich muskmelon is emerged, keep daytime the temperature in canopy to be 30-35 DEG C, be more than 18 DEG C in the evening; To notice when temperature is more than 35 DEG C that opening Small plastic shed two ventilates; When the seed top of 60-70% soil, throw off mulch film; After emerging to true leaf launch the phase suitably lower the temperature, keep daytime the temperature in canopy to be 20-25 DEG C, night is 15-18 DEG C; After true leaf launches, bed temperature can suitably improve, and is advisable with daytime 25-30 DEG C: in field planting the last week, take off film hardening;
(2) a small amount of field planting water is watered after field planting in time, in order to slow seedling.1 seedling recovering water within 5 ~ 7 days, is watered after slow seedling.Seedling Stage and stretch climing phase soil moisture and keep 70%.Phase of bearing fruit of blooming controls to water, and sits after melon and waters in good time, keep ground moistening.Water when young melon egg is large and urge melon water, fruit expanding period should ensure that moisture is sufficient, soil moisture 80 ~ 85%; Water in time when tying the 2nd batch of melon and urge melon water, fructescence soil moisture keeps 50% ~ 60%.Topdress for 2 times in, swollen melon phase and knot two-batch melon time-division, stretch the climing phase and use 100 times of nitrogen, phosphorus, the K composite fertilizer aqueous solution, each every strain is spreaded manuer in holes into 1 kilogram-1.5 kilograms, spray of every 10 days of swollen melon phase 1 600-800 times of potassium treasured or potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and each every strain sprays 300 ~ 350ml; Knot two-batch melon imposes the bran cake fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed, and each every strain is spreaded manuer in holes into 0.5 kilogram-1 kilogram;
(3), at seedling 5-6 sheet true leaf, during climing long 15-20 centimetre, retain 2-3 sheet true leaf, carry out first time and pinch.Treat that lateral bine is extracted out, 2-3 bar robust growth of selecting and remain, distribution reasonably son are climing, and remaining all removes.The climing long 20-30 of son centimetre, have a 5-6 sheet great Ye time, retain 2-3 sheet great Ye, carry out second time and pinch.Treat that lateral bine is extracted out, every strip climing 2-3 of selecting and remain bar robust growth, the rational grandson that distributes are climing, and remaining all removes;
(4) within two weeks, start at rich muskmelon Post flowering, within every 8-12 days, at foliage-spray calcareous fertilisers solution, spray 2-3 time altogether, spray 800-1000 calcareous fertilisers solution doubly at every turn; Gather first half of the month at rich muskmelon, then foliage-spray 200-300 calcareous fertilisers solution doubly;
(5) when rich melon fruit grows to mature period half size time, the branching position of fixed knot fruit branch and main cob, clockwise for the main cob of distance branching position 3-4 centimeters or inhour are reversed 180 °, avoids injuring fruit ear xylem when cob reverses;
(6) 15-20 days after rich muskmelon is spent, by concentration be 0.05% forchlorfenuron and concentration be 0.1% gibberellin writing brush be stained with liquid uniform application children melon, then in fruit maturation mid-term, then by concentration be 0.08% forchlorfenuron writing brush be stained with liquid uniform application muskmelon.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410466116.4A CN104335802A (en) | 2014-09-12 | 2014-09-12 | Method for cracking resistance and prematurity of Fengtian melons |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104838760A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-08-19 | 合浦县公馆镇香山村马拉坡鸡嘴荔枝农民专业合作社 | Method for preventing cracking of chicken beak litchis |
| CN105340513A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-02-24 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | Crooked-melon shaping technique for netted melons |
| CN105638217A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-08 | 青岛绿色硅谷科技有限公司 | Method for promoting early maturity of sunlight greenhouse sweet melons |
| CN106258724A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-01-04 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | A kind of method improving pear fruit commodity |
| CN107409804A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2017-12-01 | 界首市海棠湾生态农业科技有限公司 | It is a kind of slow down melon fruit softening adopt preceding management method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104838760A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-08-19 | 合浦县公馆镇香山村马拉坡鸡嘴荔枝农民专业合作社 | Method for preventing cracking of chicken beak litchis |
| CN104838760B (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2016-11-02 | 合浦县公馆镇香山村马拉坡鸡嘴荔枝农民专业合作社 | A kind of method preventing chicken mouth Fructus Litchi dehiscent fruit |
| CN105340513A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-02-24 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | Crooked-melon shaping technique for netted melons |
| CN105340513B (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2018-03-13 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of askew melon shaping methods of netted melon |
| CN105638217A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-08 | 青岛绿色硅谷科技有限公司 | Method for promoting early maturity of sunlight greenhouse sweet melons |
| CN106258724A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-01-04 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | A kind of method improving pear fruit commodity |
| CN107409804A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2017-12-01 | 界首市海棠湾生态农业科技有限公司 | It is a kind of slow down melon fruit softening adopt preceding management method |
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Application publication date: 20150211 |