CN104319461A - Artificial electromagnetic medium based broadband multi-mode satellite navigation antenna - Google Patents
Artificial electromagnetic medium based broadband multi-mode satellite navigation antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN104319461A CN104319461A CN201410543310.8A CN201410543310A CN104319461A CN 104319461 A CN104319461 A CN 104319461A CN 201410543310 A CN201410543310 A CN 201410543310A CN 104319461 A CN104319461 A CN 104319461A
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
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- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention relates to an artificial electromagnetic medium based broadband multi-mode satellite navigation antenna. The port impedance characteristic has the operational capability of a 1.26GHz to 1.73GHz broadband, the circular polarization working frequency band can cover a plurality of frequency points of GPS, Beidou, GLONASS and Galileo, the antenna is provided with an upper layer artificial electromagnetic medium covering layer and a lower layer antenna substrate layer, the upper layer artificial electromagnetic medium covering layer is formed by a reactive impedance surface which is formed by small patch arrays, two planar spiral lines are formed in the upper surface of the lower layer antenna substrate in a hollow-out mode through copper foil, segmented microstrip lines are arranged on the lower surface of the lower layer antenna substrate to be served as feeder lines, and plastic screws and nuts are arranged between the upper layer antenna electromagnetic medium covering layer and the lower layer antenna substrate layer to put up and separate the upper layer antenna electromagnetic medium covering layer and the lower layer antenna substrate layer. The artificial electromagnetic medium based broadband multi-mode satellite navigation antenna has broadband working characteristics, can cover a plurality of satellite navigation working frequency points, is high is radiation gain and is achieved through low-cost easy-to-machine simple double-layer structures.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of satellite navigation aerial, particularly relate to and adopt artificial electromagnetic medium as antenna cover layer and adopt microband paste with spiral slit as antenna radiation unit.
Background technology
Present satellites airmanship has been widely applied to the aspects such as industrial production, traffic control, disaster prevention and control, military and national defense, and towards the future development of multisystem combined navigation.Satellite navigation system, can the standard such as Galileo in the simultaneously GPS of compatible US, the Big Dipper of China, Muscovite GLONASS, Europe towards multimode GPS (Global Position System) future development.Corresponding with it, the antenna being responsible for signal transmitting and receiving inside satellite navigation terminal is also wanted to work in circular polarization mode on the working frequency range of multiple satellite navigation system, namely towards multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation future development.
The design of current multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation mainly adopts microstrip antenna or helical antenna as prototype, and the technology such as paster cutting, n-point feed, raising base material dielectric constant that add are to reach the performance required for the satellite navigation aerials such as multifrequency point work, circular polarization.But the design adopting metal antenna and generic media to carry out multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation also exists keeps in check, the base material dielectric constant of such as paster antenna promotes limited, and difficulty of processing increases thereupon; Or helical antenna is not easily integrated into mobile satellite navigation terminal; If adopt n-point feed structure, need to add power divider and phase-shift network in antennas, make antenna feed structure complicated.Generally speaking satellite navigation aerial will meet the multiple requirements such as circular polarization, multifrequency point, higher gain, the simple and easy processing of structure is simultaneously more difficult.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the deficiency in existing satellite navigation aerial technology, adopt artificial electromagnetic medium as antenna cover layer, there is provided the satellite navigation aerial of compatible multiple satellite navigation frequency, it has broadband operation, feed advantage that is convenient and that easily process.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Broadband of the present invention multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation is formed by with the microband paste of spiral slit, artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer and feeding microstrip line.With microband paste (3) end face in antenna substrate (1) of spiral slit, feeding microstrip line (5) is in the bottom surface of antenna substrate (1).Antenna substrate (1) is made up of double-side copper-applying plate, sheet material preferred low-k high frequency composite material.Artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer (2) is made up of single-side brass plate, sheet material preferred low-k high frequency composite material.
On the microband paste of antenna substrate end face, hollow out has two gaps of helix shape, be respectively spiral slit one (111, spiral slit two (12).Spiral slit one (11), spiral slit two (12) detour with center O1, O2 respectively.Along with detouring, angle increases, and the radius that detours of spiral slit one (11), spiral slit two (12) also increases gradually.Their angle that detours has 450 °, forms helix shape after detouring.The initial radium r1 of spiral slit ~ (11) is greater than the initial radium r2 of spiral slit two (12).Therefore spiral slit one (11) length is greater than spiral slit two (12), and spiral slit one (11) encloses spiral slit two (12).The groove width of spiral slit one (11) is w1, and the groove width of spiral slit two (12) is w2, and w1 > w2.Because two gaps have spiral-shaped, the surface current on microband paste can be made to occur rotating, thus radiation circularly polarised wave.Wave frequency f1, f2 of the length of spiral slit one (11), the length of spiral slit two (12) and resonance field in microband paste substrate media and wavelength X 1, λ 2 are corresponding.Can preferably home position O1 and O2, initial radium r1 and r2 of spiral slit one (11), spiral slit two (12) and the parameters such as angle that detour, make wave frequency f1 and the f2 of resonance field close, to join together formation working frequency range, thus the circular polarization bandwidth of operation of extended antenna.
Artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer (2) is positioned at directly over the microband paste (3) with spiral slit, and and be between the microband paste (3) with spiral slit free gas phase every.Artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer (2) is made up of medium substrate, and substrate top surface has metal copper foil, and bottom surface does not have metal copper foil.To the etching of topside metal Copper Foil, make the remaining some little rectangular patches in its surface, form patch array (4).Usually this patch array being called electric resistance impedance surface, is the one of artificial electromagnetic medium.By arranging the long a of little rectangular patch and wide b, can make the resonance frequency f0 on electric resistance impedance surface on resonance frequency f1, the f2 of the microband paste (3) with spiral slit, thus make whole antenna can reach resonance on lower frequency equally.Like this can extended antenna working band, make antenna have wideband operation characteristic.
The bottom surface of antenna substrate (1) etches the feed line of segmentation microstrip line (5) as whole antenna.Segmentation microstrip line (5) originates in one side of antenna substrate (1) bottom surface, and end is positioned at below spiral slit.Segmentation microstrip line (5) can be preferred in the position on one side, antenna substrate (1) bottom surface.
Two sections of width of segmentation microstrip line (5) and length can be preferred.The microstrip line one (6) of segmentation microstrip line (5), for connecting outside feed port, can make whole antenna feed impedance be adjusted by its width preferred, length, convenient antenna port match.The microstrip line two (7) of segmentation microstrip line (5) extends to spiral slit one (11), spiral slit two (12) below, the electromagnetic field couples between the segmentation microstrip line (5) of antenna substrate (1) bottom surface and the microband paste with spiral slit (3) of its end face can be made best by its width preferred, length, the lifting of convenient antenna radiance.
Four holes have all been bored at four angles of artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer (2) and antenna substrate (1), the plan position approach in these two-layer four holes is corresponding, and plastics screw can be used like this to run through artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer (2) and antenna substrate (1).Can overlap plastic nut on plastics screw, for keeping antenna substrate (1) parallel with artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer (2), and the spacing distance adjusted between two-layer substrate meets preferred requirement.
The present invention is compared with existing multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation, and its beneficial effect is: owing to adopting artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer (2), antenna impedance frequency band covers 1.26GHz ~ 1.73GHz, has very wide working frequency range; Antenna circular polarization working frequency range can cover the working frequency points of existing four GPS (Global Position System), makes it adapt to the requirement of each satellite navigation system to terminal antenna; Artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer (2) makes antenna gain higher, in whole wideband operation frequency range, reach more than 5dB gain; Antenna, only containing antenna substrate (1) and the lower substrate of artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer (2) this two layers of dielectric constant, adopts traditional circuit-board technique to complete processing, manufactures simply, cost is lower; Feeding microstrip line (5) adopts wall scroll segmentation microstrip line, and feed structure is simple.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1 shows that the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation overall structure figure based on artificial electromagnetic medium
Figure 2 shows that the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation lower floor antenna substrate end face dimensional drawing based on artificial electromagnetic medium
Figure 3 shows that lower floor's antenna substrate bottom view
Figure 4 shows that upper strata artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer top view
Figure 5 shows that lower floor's antenna substrate table top surface surface current flows to schematic diagram
The voltage standing wave ratio that Fig. 6 tests for the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation according to an embodiment of the invention based on artificial electromagnetic medium is with frequency variation curve figure
Embodiment
Be described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and to specific embodiment of the invention method:
The mentality of designing of the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation based on artificial electromagnetic medium provided by the present invention is: apply hollow out two spiral slits on copper at the end face of antenna substrate 1, form the microband paste 3 with spiral slit.Etch a segmentation microstrip line 5 in the bottom surface of antenna substrate 1, formed the couple feed of antenna substrate 1 end face with the microband paste 3 of spiral slit, can in wider frequency section radiation circular polarization electromagnetic wave.Apply on copper at artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer 2 substrate top surface and etch little patch array 4, make it be called electric resistance impedance surface and form the artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer 2 of antenna.This artificial electromagnetic media cover layer 2 can affect the port impedance characteristic of alternating current of antenna, and Antenna Operation bandwidth is expanded, and improves the radiation gain of antenna in bandwidth of operation.
Fig. 1 is according to an embodiment of the invention based on the schematic diagram of the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation of artificial electromagnetic medium.As shown in Figure 1, antenna according to an embodiment of the invention, comprises antenna substrate 1 and artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer 2.The end face of antenna substrate 1 is the microband paste 3 with spiral slit, and the bottom surface of antenna substrate 1 is segmentation microstrip line 5.Artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer 2 only has the one side of end face to apply copper, has etched little patch array 4 at end face, and they form electric resistance impedance surface, are the one of artificial electromagnetic medium.All bored four holes at four angles of artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer 2 and antenna substrate 1, their plan position approach is corresponding.Four pairs of holes of levels are run through with four plastics screws.With plastic nut fixed antenna substrate 1 and artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer 2, guarantee that artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer 2 covers above antenna substrate 1 just over the ground, and two-layer substrate is parallel to each other.Air distance between two-layer substrate is according to preferred setting.
Fig. 2 is the microband paste 3 with spiral slit of antenna substrate 1 end face according to an embodiment of the invention.On the Copper Foil of antenna substrate 1 end face, hollow out two spiral slits, are respectively spiral slit 1, spiral slit 2 12.Spiral slit 1 has initial point O1.Spiral slit 1 detours from distance initial point O1 radius is the position of r1.Along with detouring, angle increases, and helix radius increases gradually.When the angle that detours is 450 °, end of detouring.The width of spiral slit 1 is w1.Spiral slit 2 12, has initial point O2.Spiral slit 2 12 detours from distance initial point O2 radius is the position of r2.Along with detouring, angle increases, and helix radius increases gradually.When the angle that detours is 450 °, end of detouring.The width of spiral slit 2 12 is w2.Spiral slit 1 of the present invention, spiral slit 2 12 are not limited to concrete origin position, width, the angle that detours and direction of circling.Spiral slit 1, spiral slit 2 12 determine resonance frequency f1, the f2 of electromagnetic field in antenna substrate 1 respectively.Because the spiral in gap detours, the surface current on microband paste can be made to occur rotating, thus radiation circularly polarised wave.By initial point O1, O2 of preferred spiral slit 1, spiral slit 2 12, initial radium r1, r2, width w1, w2 and the angle that detours, the microband paste 3 radiation circular polarization electromagnetic wave in wide-band with spiral slit can be made, and GPS, the Big Dipper, GLONASS, Galilean multiple frequency can be contained.
Fig. 3 is the segmentation microstrip line 5 of antenna substrate 1 bottom surface according to an embodiment of the invention.Segmentation microstrip line 5 is from one side of antenna substrate 1 bottom surface, and extend to below spiral slit 1, spiral slit 2 12, development length can be preferred.Segmentation microstrip line 5 comprises two sections of connected microstrip lines, is respectively microstrip line 1, microstrip line 27, and these two sections of microstrip line length and width are not etc.Microstrip line 1 directly from one side of the bottom surface of antenna substrate 1, and can its top welding feed with SMA port for being connected with external transmission line cap.The length of preferred microstrip line 1 and width, the coaxial line that antenna port impedance characteristic can be made to be connected with outside reaches matched well.Microstrip line 27 extends to below spiral slit 1, spiral slit 2 12.The length of preferred microstrip line 27 and width, can make segmentation microstrip line 5 and reach good electromagnetic field couples with the microband paste 3 of spiral slit, and can adjust Antenna Operation frequency range.
Fig. 4 is artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer 2 according to an embodiment of the invention.Artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer 2 is single-side brass plate, etches the little patch array 4 of rectangle at its end face, forms the artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer 2 of electric resistance impedance surface as antenna.This electric resistance impedance surface has own resonance frequency f0.The long a of preferred little patch array 4 and wide b, can change f0.When f0 is set higher than antenna substrate 1 resonance frequency f1, f2, whole antenna can be made in the frequency lower than f1, f2 to occur resonance, thus extended antenna bandwidth of operation, make antenna have broadband character.
Therefore, as shown in Figure 5, the circularly polarised wave radiation theory of the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation based on artificial electromagnetic medium provided by the invention is:
Segmentation microstrip line 5 can receive or the electromagnetic wave signal of radiation, as antenna feed unit by leading.
Microband paste 3 with spiral slit above has surface current and flows to path one, its along spiral slit 1 marginal flow to, enable paster radiation frequency be the circular polarization electromagnetic wave of f1.Microband paste 3 with spiral slit above has surface current and flows to path two, its along spiral slit 2 12 marginal flow to, enable paster radiation frequency be the circular polarization electromagnetic wave of f2.By origin position, the width of preferred spiral slit 1, spiral slit 2 12, detour the parameter such as angle and direction of circling, and f1, f2 can be made close, thus extended antenna circular polarization operating frequency range.
The resonance frequency of artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer 2 is f0, and f0 is higher than f1, f2, and antenna can be made in the frequency lower than f1, f2 to occur resonance, thus extended antenna bandwidth of operation, make antenna have broadband character.
The present embodiment is only to specifically clearly describe an implementation process of the present invention; limitation of the present invention should not be regarded as; under the prerequisite not departing from design principle of the present invention and scope, some simple modification and deduction can be made, all should be considered as within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation based on artificial electromagnetic medium, it is characterized in that, comprise antenna substrate (1), artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer (2), be positioned at the microband paste with spiral slit (3) of antenna substrate (1) end face, be positioned at the microstrip line (5) of antenna substrate (1) bottom surface and be positioned at the little patch array (4) of artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer (2) end face, adopt with the microband paste (3) of spiral slit as antenna radiation unit, wall scroll segmentation microstrip line (5) is thereunder as feed element, formed by little patch array (4) above it and there is reactive impedance surface constitute artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer (2).
2. the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation of artificial electromagnetic medium according to claim 1, its characteristic is, antenna substrate (1) end face Copper Foil hollow out goes out two spiral slits, is respectively spiral slit one (11), spiral slit two (12).
3. the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation of artificial electromagnetic medium according to claim 2, its characteristic is, spiral slit one (11) detours with initial spiral radius from its initial point, and along with detouring, angle increases, and the radius of spin also increases.
4. the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation of the artificial electromagnetic medium according to claim 2 and 3, its characteristic is, spiral slit two (12) detours with initial spiral radius from its initial point, the initial spiral radius of its initial spiral radius ratio spiral slit one (11) is little, and along with detouring, angle increases, and the radius of spin also increases.
5. the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation of artificial electromagnetic medium according to claim 1, its characteristic is, antenna substrate (1) bottom surface has etched a segmentation microstrip line (5), it has width two section all different with length, is respectively microstrip line one (6), microstrip line two (7).Whole piece microstrip line (5) is microstrip line one (6) from antenna substrate (1) edge, connect microstrip line two (7) afterwards, and microstrip line two (7) extends to spiral slit one (11), spiral slit two (12) below.
6. the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation of artificial electromagnetic medium according to claim 1, its characteristic is, artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer (2) only has end face to apply copper and bottom surface not apply copper, etch little rectangular patch array (4) formed at its end face there is reactive impedance surface to constitute artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer (2), its medium and small rectangular patch array (4) can the length of preferred single rectangular patch and wide, preferably can cover whole artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer (2) end face or a wherein part.
7. the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation of artificial electromagnetic medium according to claim 1, its characteristic is, four holes have been bored respectively at four angles of artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer (2) and antenna substrate (1), fix with the relative position of plastic nut by them through artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer (2) and antenna substrate (1) with four plastics screws, make artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer (2) parallel with antenna substrate (1) and by airspace.
8. the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation of artificial electromagnetic medium according to claim 1, its characteristic is, antenna substrate (1) is double-side copper-applying plate, adopts low-k high frequency composite material.
9. the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation of artificial electromagnetic medium according to claim 1, its characteristic is, artificial electromagnetic medium cover layer (2) is single-side brass plate, adopts low-k high frequency composite material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410543310.8A CN104319461B (en) | 2014-10-01 | 2014-10-01 | Broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation based on artificial electromagnetic medium |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410543310.8A CN104319461B (en) | 2014-10-01 | 2014-10-01 | Broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation based on artificial electromagnetic medium |
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| CN104319461A true CN104319461A (en) | 2015-01-28 |
| CN104319461B CN104319461B (en) | 2017-12-22 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109494445A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-19 | 南京信息工程大学 | One kind being suitable for the received spiral manual electromagnetic structure of broadband circle polarized wireless energy |
| CN109524779A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-26 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of wideband patch antenna of pixel array |
| CN112909528A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-04 | 广西科技大学 | Broadband circularly polarized super-surface antenna |
| CN113300125A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-08-24 | 山西大学 | Three-mode resonance broadband antenna |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109524779A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-26 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of wideband patch antenna of pixel array |
| CN109524779B (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2024-06-11 | 华南理工大学 | Broadband patch antenna of pixel array |
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| CN112909528A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-04 | 广西科技大学 | Broadband circularly polarized super-surface antenna |
| CN113300125A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-08-24 | 山西大学 | Three-mode resonance broadband antenna |
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| CN104319461B (en) | 2017-12-22 |
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