CN104319461B - Broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation based on artificial electromagnetic medium - Google Patents
Broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation based on artificial electromagnetic medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN104319461B CN104319461B CN201410543310.8A CN201410543310A CN104319461B CN 104319461 B CN104319461 B CN 104319461B CN 201410543310 A CN201410543310 A CN 201410543310A CN 104319461 B CN104319461 B CN 104319461B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation based on artificial electromagnetic medium,Its port impedance characteristic of alternating current has 1.26GHz~1.73GHz wideband operation ability,And its circular polarisation working frequency range can cover GPS,The Big Dipper,GLONASS,Galilean multiple frequencies,Antenna has upper strata artificial electromagnetic medium coating and lower floor's antenna substrate layer,Upper strata artificial electromagnetic medium coating is that the electric resistance impedance surface formed by small patch array is formed,Two snail lines of upper surface copper foil hollow out of lower floor's antenna substrate,And in the lower surface of lower floor's antenna substrate then using segmentation microstrip line as feed line,There are plastics screw and nut to prop and separate between upper strata artificial electromagnetic medium coating and lower floor's antenna substrate layer,The antenna of the present invention has wideband operation characteristic,Multiple satellite navigation working frequency points can be covered,With higher radiation gain,And realized using the simple double-decker of low-cost and easy-to processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of satellite navigation aerial, more particularly to using artificial electromagnetic medium as antenna coating and
Using the microband paste with spiral slit as antenna radiation unit.
Background technology
Present satellites airmanship has been widely applied to industrial production, traffic control, disaster prevention and control, military and national defense etc.
Aspect, and develop towards the direction of multisystem combined navigation.Satellite navigation system is led towards multimode global satellite
Navigate system orientation development, can simultaneously compatible US GPS, China the Big Dipper, Russia GLONASS, Europe Galileo
Etc. standard.Corresponding, the antenna of the responsible signal transmitting and receiving in satellite navigation terminal the inside is also wanted can be in multiple satellite navigation systems
Worked, i.e., developed towards multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation direction in a manner of circular polarisation on the working frequency range of system.
The design of multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation at present is added mainly using microstrip antenna or helical antenna as prototype
Paster cutting, n-point feed, the technologies such as base material dielectric constant are improved to reach the satellite navigations such as multifrequency point work, circular polarisation
Performance required for antenna.But there is also tug for the design of use metal antenna and generic media progress multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation
Elbow, such as the base material dielectric constant lifting of paster antenna are limited, and difficulty of processing increases therewith；Or helical antenna is not easy to collect
Into to mobile satellite navigation terminal；If using n-point feed structure, it is necessary to add power divider and phase shift in antennas
Network, make antenna feed structure complicated.Generally speaking satellite navigation aerial to meet simultaneously circular polarisation, multifrequency point, higher gain,
It is simple in construction and be easily worked etc. a variety of to require being relatively difficult.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve the deficiency in existing satellite navigation aerial technology, using artificial electromagnetic medium conduct
Antenna coating, there is provided the satellite navigation aerial of compatible multiple satellite navigation frequencies, its have broadband operation, feed convenient and
The advantages of being easily worked.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
The broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation of the present invention is covered by the microband paste with spiral slit, artificial electromagnetic medium
Layer and feeding microstrip line are formed.Microband paste (3) with spiral slit is in the top surface of antenna substrate (1), feeding microstrip line (5)
In the bottom surface of antenna substrate (1).Antenna substrate (1) is made up of two-sided deposited copper coin, the preferred low-k high frequency composite wood of sheet material
Material.Artificial electromagnetic medium coating (2) is made up of single-side brass plate, the preferred low-k high frequency composite of sheet material.
Hollow out has two gaps of helix shape, respectively spiral slit on the microband paste of antenna substrate top surface
One (11), spiral slit two (12).Spiral slit one (11), spiral slit two (12) are detoured with center O1, O2 respectively.With around
The increase of row angle, spiral slit one (11), the radius that detours of spiral slit two (12) also gradually increase.Their angle that detours has
450 °, helix shape is formed after detouring.The initial radium r1 of spiral slit (11) is more than the initial of spiral slit two (12)
Radius r2.Therefore spiral slit one (11) length is more than spiral slit two (12), and spiral slit one (11) encloses spiral
Gap two (12).The groove width of spiral slit one (11) is w1, and the groove width of spiral slit two (12) is w2, and w1 ＞
w2.Because two gaps have spiral-shaped, it can rotate the surface current on microband paste, so as to radiate circular polarisation
Ripple.The length of spiral slit one (11), the length of spiral slit two (12) and the electromagnetism of resonance field in microband paste substrate media
Wave frequency rate f1, f2 and wavelength X 1, λ 2 are corresponding.Can preferably spiral slit one (11), the home position of spiral slit two (12)
The parameters such as O1 and O2, initial radium r1 and r2 and the angle that detours, make the wave frequency f1 and f2 of resonance field close, combine
To form a working frequency range, so as to the circular polarisation bandwidth of operation of extended antenna.
Artificial electromagnetic medium coating (2) is located at the surface of the microband paste (3) with spiral slit, and and carries
Be between the microband paste (3) of spiral slit free gas phase every.Artificial electromagnetic medium coating (2) is made up of medium substrate, base
Plate top surface has metal copper foil, and bottom surface does not have metal copper foil.Topside metal copper foil is etched, its surface is left some small rectangles
Paster, form patch array (4).This patch array is generally referred to as electric resistance impedance surface, is the one of artificial electromagnetic medium
Kind.By setting the long a and wide b of small rectangular patch, the resonant frequency f0 on electric resistance impedance surface can be made with spiral seam
On resonant frequency f1, f2 of the microband paste (3) of gap, so that whole antenna equally can reach humorous on lower frequency
Shake.So it can make antenna that there is wideband operation characteristic with extended antenna working band.
The bottom surface of antenna substrate (1) etches feed line of the segmentation microstrip line (5) as whole antenna.It is segmented microstrip line
(5) one side of antenna substrate (1) bottom surface is originated in, end is located at below spiral slit.Microstrip line (5) is segmented in antenna substrate
(1) position on bottom surface one side can be preferred.
The two sections of width and length for being segmented microstrip line (5) can be preferred.The microstrip line one (6) of segmentation microstrip line (5) is used for
The outside feed port of connection, it can be adjusted whole antenna feed impedance by its preferred width, length, convenient antenna end
Mouth matching.The microstrip line two (7) of segmentation microstrip line (5) extends to spiral slit one (11), spiral slit two (12) lower section, passes through
It is preferred that its width, length can make antenna substrate (1) bottom surface segmentation microstrip line (5) and its top surface it is micro- with spiral slit
Optimal, the lifting of convenient antenna radiance with the electromagnetic field couples between paster (3).
Four holes have all been bored at four angles of artificial electromagnetic medium coating (2) and antenna substrate (1), this two layers of four hole
Plan-position is corresponding, so can run through artificial electromagnetic medium coating (2) and antenna substrate (1) using plastics screw.Can
To cover plastic nut on plastics screw, for keeping antenna substrate (1) parallel with artificial electromagnetic medium coating (2), and
And the spacing distance between adjustment two-layer substrate meets preferred requirement.
It is of the invention compared with existing multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation, its advantage is：Due to being covered using artificial electromagnetic medium
Cap rock (2), antenna impedance frequency band covering 1.26GHz~1.73GHz, has very wide working frequency range；Antenna circular polarisation work frequency
Section can cover the working frequency points of existing four GPSs, adapt it to each satellite navigation system to terminal day
The requirement of line；Artificial electromagnetic medium coating (2) makes antenna gain higher, reaches more than 5dB in whole wideband operation frequency range
Gain；Antenna only containing the relatively low substrate of antenna substrate (1) and artificial electromagnetic medium coating (2) this two layers of dielectric constant, is adopted
Can complete to process with traditional circuit-board technique, be simple to manufacture, cost it is relatively low；Feeding microstrip line (5) is using wall scroll segmentation micro-strip
Line, feed structure are simple.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 show the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation overall structure figure based on artificial electromagnetic medium
Fig. 2 show the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation lower floor antenna substrate top surface dimensional drawing based on artificial electromagnetic medium
Fig. 3 show lower floor's antenna substrate bottom view
Fig. 4 show upper strata artificial electromagnetic medium coating top view
Fig. 5 show lower floor's antenna substrate top surface surface current and flows to schematic diagram
Fig. 6 is tested by the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation based on artificial electromagnetic medium according to one embodiment of the invention
Voltage standing wave ratio with frequency variation curve figure
Embodiment
It is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and to the specific implementation method of the present invention：
The mentality of designing of broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation provided by the present invention based on artificial electromagnetic medium is：In day
The top surface of line substrate 1 applies two spiral slits of hollow out on copper, forms the microband paste 3 with spiral slit.In antenna substrate 1
Bottom surface etches a segmentation microstrip line 5, forms the coupling to microband paste 3 of the top surface of antenna substrate 1 with spiral slit and presents
Electricity, circular polarisation electromagnetic wave can be radiated in wider frequency section.Apply on copper and lose in the substrate top surface of artificial electromagnetic medium coating 2
Small patch array 4 is carved, electric resistance impedance surface is become and forms the artificial electromagnetic medium coating 2 of antenna.This person
Work electromagnetic media coating 2 can influence the port impedance characteristic of alternating current of antenna, extend Antenna Operation bandwidth, and improve antenna and exist
Radiation gain in bandwidth of operation.
Fig. 1 is the signal according to the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation based on artificial electromagnetic medium of one embodiment of the invention
Figure.As shown in figure 1, antenna according to an embodiment of the invention, including antenna substrate 1 and artificial electromagnetic medium coating 2.Antenna
The top surface of substrate 1 is the microband paste 3 with spiral slit, and the bottom surface of antenna substrate 1 is segmentation microstrip line 5.Artificial electromagnetic matchmaker
Matter coating 2 only has the one side applies copper of top surface, and small patch array 4 has been etched in top surface, and they form electric resistance impedance surface,
It is one kind of artificial electromagnetic medium.Four holes have all been bored at four angles of artificial electromagnetic medium coating 2 and antenna substrate 1, it
Plan-position it is corresponding.Run through four device to hole of levels with four plastics screws.With the He of plastic nut fixed antenna substrate 1
Artificial electromagnetic medium coating 2, it is ensured that artificial electromagnetic medium coating 2 is just covering the top of antenna substrate 1, and two layers over the ground
Substrate is parallel to each other.Air distance between two-layer substrate is according to being preferably provided with.
Fig. 2 is the microband paste 3 with spiral slit according to the top surface of antenna substrate 1 of one embodiment of the invention.In day
Two spiral slits of hollow out on the copper foil of the top surface of line substrate 1, respectively spiral slit 1, spiral slit 2 12.Spiral slit
One 11 have origin O1.Since spiral slit 1 detour being r1 position apart from origin O1 radiuses.With detouring, angle increases
Add, helix radius gradually increases.When the angle that detours is 450 °, end of detouring.The width of spiral slit 1 is w1.Spiral
Gap 2 12, there is origin O2.Since spiral slit 2 12 detour being r2 position apart from origin O2 radiuses.With angle of detouring
Degree increase, helix radius gradually increase.When the angle that detours is 450 °, end of detouring.The width of spiral slit 2 12 is w2.
Spiral slit 1, the spiral slit 2 12 of the present invention is not limited to specific origin position, width, the angle that detours and direction of circling.
Spiral slit 1, spiral slit 2 12 determine resonant frequency f1, f2 of electromagnetic field in antenna substrate 1 respectively.Due to gap
Spiral detour, can rotate the surface current on microband paste, so as to radiate circularly polarised wave.Pass through preferred spiral seam
Origin O1, O2 of gap 1, spiral slit 2 12, initial radium r1, r2, width w1, w2 and the angle that detours, it can make to carry spiral shell
The microband paste 3 in rotation gap radiates circular polarisation electromagnetic wave in wide-band, and can cover GPS, the Big Dipper, GLONASS, Jia Li
Multiple frequencies slightly.
Fig. 3 is the segmentation microstrip line 5 according to the bottom surface of antenna substrate 1 of one embodiment of the invention.Microstrip line 5 is segmented from antenna
One side of the bottom surface of substrate 1 starts, and extends to spiral slit 1, the lower section of spiral slit 2 12, development length can be preferred.Segmentation
Microstrip line 5 includes two sections of connected microstrip lines, respectively microstrip line 1, microstrip line 27, this two sections of microstrip line length and widths
.Microstrip line 1 can weld the SMA ends of feed directly since one side of the bottom surface of antenna substrate 1 at its top
Mouth is used to connect with external transmission lines port.It is preferred that the length and width of microstrip line 1, can make antenna port impedance characteristic and
The coaxial line of external connection reaches matched well.Microstrip line 27 extends to spiral slit 1, the lower section of spiral slit 2 12.It is excellent
The length and width of microstrip line 27 is selected, segmentation microstrip line 5 and the microband paste 3 with spiral slit can be made to reach good
Electromagnetic field couples, and Antenna Operation frequency range can be adjusted.
Fig. 4 is the artificial electromagnetic medium coating 2 according to one embodiment of the invention.Artificial electromagnetic medium coating 2 is single
Face copper clad plate, the small patch array 4 of rectangle is etched in its top surface, form artificial electromagnetic matchmaker of the electric resistance impedance surface as antenna
Matter coating 2.The electric resistance impedance surface has own resonance frequency f0.It is preferred that the long a and wide b, Ke Yigai of small patch array 4
Become f0.When setting f0 is higher than 1 resonant frequency f1, f2 of antenna substrate, whole antenna can be made to go out in the frequency more relatively low than f1, f2
Existing resonance, so as to extended antenna bandwidth of operation, makes antenna have broadband character.
Therefore, as shown in figure 5, the circle of the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation provided by the invention based on artificial electromagnetic medium
Polarized wave radiation theory is：
The electromagnetic wave signal that microstrip line 5 can be received or radiated with leading is segmented, as antenna feed element.
Microband paste 3 with spiral slit above there is surface current to flow to path one, and it is along spiral slit 1
Edge flow direction, enable paster radiation frequency be f1 circular polarisation electromagnetic wave.Mask on microband paste 3 with spiral slit
There is surface current to flow to path two, its flow direction of edge along spiral slit 2 12, enable the circle that paster radiation frequency is f2
Polarized electromagnetic wave.Pass through preferred spiral slit 1, the origin position of spiral slit 2 12, width, detour angle and the side of detouring
To etc. parameter, f1, f2 can be approached, so as to extended antenna circular polarisation operating frequency range.
The resonant frequency of artificial electromagnetic medium coating 2 is f0, and f0 is higher than f1, f2, can make antenna than f1, f2
There is resonance in relatively low frequency, so as to extended antenna bandwidth of operation, make antenna that there is broadband character.
The present embodiment should not be regarded as to the present invention merely to the specific implementation process that the present invention is explicitly described
Limitation, on the premise of the design principle and scope of the present invention is not departed from, some simple modifications can be made and deduced, all should
When being considered as within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation based on artificial electromagnetic medium, it is characterised in that including antenna substrate (1), Artificial electromagnetic medium coating (2), the microband paste (3) with spiral slit positioned at antenna substrate (1) top surface, positioned at antenna The microstrip line (5) of substrate (1) bottom surface and the small patch array (4) positioned at artificial electromagnetic medium coating (2) top surface, using with The microband paste (3) of spiral slit is used as antenna radiation unit, and wall scroll segmentation microstrip line (5) thereunder is single as feed Member, formed by small patch array (4) constitute artificial electromagnetic medium coating with reactive impedance surface above it (2)；Antenna substrate (1) the top surface copper foil hollow out goes out two spiral slits, respectively spiral slit one (11), spiral slit two (12)；Two spiral slit has spiral-shaped；Antenna substrate (1) bottom surface has etched a segmentation microstrip line (5), it has different two sections of width and length, respectively microstrip line one (6), microstrip line two (7), whole piece microstrip line (5) Since antenna substrate (1) edge is microstrip line one (6), connects microstrip line two (7) afterwards, and microstrip line two (7) extends To below spiral slit one (11), spiral slit two (12)；The artificial electromagnetic medium coating (2) only has top surface and applies copper and bottom Copper is not applied in face, and etching small rectangular patch array (4) in its top surface and formed, there is reactive impedance surface to constitute artificial electricity Magnetic medium coating (2), by setting the long a and wide b of small rectangular patch, cover whole artificial electromagnetic medium coating (2) top Face or a portion；Microband paste (3) with spiral slit above there is surface current to flow to path one, and it is along spiral shell The edge flow direction of gap one (11) is revolved, the microband paste (3) with spiral slit above there is surface current to flow to path two, its Flowed to along the edge of spiral slit two (12)；The resonant frequency of artificial electromagnetic medium coating (2) is f0, and f0 is higher than day Line substrate (1) resonant frequency f1, f2, f1 approach with f2.
- 2. the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation according to claim 1 based on artificial electromagnetic medium, its characteristic are, spiral shell Rotation gap one (11) is detoured since its origin with initial spiral radius, and with angle increase of detouring, the radius of spin also increases.
- 3. the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation according to claim 1 based on artificial electromagnetic medium, its characteristic are, spiral shell Rotation gap two (12) is detoured since its origin with initial spiral radius, at the beginning of its initial spiral radius ratio spiral slit one (11) The beginning radius of spin is small, and as angle increase of detouring, the radius of spin also increase.
- 4. the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation according to claim 1 based on artificial electromagnetic medium, its characteristic are, Four holes have been bored at four angles of artificial electromagnetic medium coating (2) and antenna substrate (1) respectively, and people is passed through with four plastics screws Work electromagnetic media coating (2) and antenna substrate (1) and their relative position is fixed with plastic nut, make artificial electromagnetic Medium coating (2) is parallel with antenna substrate (1) and by airspace.
- 5. the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation according to claim 1 based on artificial electromagnetic medium, its characteristic are, day Line substrate (1) is two-sided deposited copper coin, using low-k high frequency composite.
- 6. the broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation according to claim 1 based on artificial electromagnetic medium, its characteristic are, people Work electromagnetic media coating (2) is single-side brass plate, using low-k high frequency composite.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410543310.8A CN104319461B (en) | 2014-10-01 | 2014-10-01 | Broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation based on artificial electromagnetic medium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410543310.8A CN104319461B (en) | 2014-10-01 | 2014-10-01 | Broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation based on artificial electromagnetic medium |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104319461A CN104319461A (en) | 2015-01-28 |
| CN104319461B true CN104319461B (en) | 2017-12-22 |
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| CN201410543310.8A Expired - Fee Related CN104319461B (en) | 2014-10-01 | 2014-10-01 | Broadband multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation based on artificial electromagnetic medium |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109524779B (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2024-06-11 | 华南理工大学 | Broadband patch antenna of pixel array |
| CN109494445B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2024-04-19 | 南京信息工程大学 | Spiral artificial electromagnetic structure suitable for broadband circularly polarized wireless energy reception |
| CN112909528B (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2023-03-17 | 广西科技大学 | Broadband circularly polarized super-surface antenna |
| CN113300125B (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2022-11-11 | 山西大学 | Three-mode resonance broadband antenna |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10034547A1 (en) * | 2000-07-14 | 2002-01-24 | Univ Karlsruhe | Broadband antenna has spiral coil set above reflector surface to provide a low profile antenna |
| CN1838481A (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2006-09-27 | 厦门大学 | Plane helical microstrip antenna for 3G system mobile terminal |
| CN103311658A (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2013-09-18 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Antenna device |
| CN103354304A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2013-10-16 | 西安电子科技大学 | Coated antenna for microwave reader-writer of ETC (electronic toll collection) system |
-
2014
- 2014-10-01 CN CN201410543310.8A patent/CN104319461B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10034547A1 (en) * | 2000-07-14 | 2002-01-24 | Univ Karlsruhe | Broadband antenna has spiral coil set above reflector surface to provide a low profile antenna |
| CN1838481A (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2006-09-27 | 厦门大学 | Plane helical microstrip antenna for 3G system mobile terminal |
| CN103311658A (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2013-09-18 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Antenna device |
| CN103354304A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2013-10-16 | 西安电子科技大学 | Coated antenna for microwave reader-writer of ETC (electronic toll collection) system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 《Monofilar spiral slot antenna for dual-frequency Dual-Sense Circular Polarization》;Xiu Long Bao等;《IEEE Transactions on antennas and propagation》;20110831;第59卷(第8期);第3061-3065页 * |
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