CN104303468B - 用于识别和区分后台业务的方法 - Google Patents

用于识别和区分后台业务的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104303468B
CN104303468B CN201380024147.8A CN201380024147A CN104303468B CN 104303468 B CN104303468 B CN 104303468B CN 201380024147 A CN201380024147 A CN 201380024147A CN 104303468 B CN104303468 B CN 104303468B
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batch processing
packet
instruction
processor
state
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CN104303468A (zh
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R·万尼塔姆比
J·朱
S·C·杰哈
A·T·科奇
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Intel Corp
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Intel Corp
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    • H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
    • H04W52/0235—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal where the received signal is a power saving command
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Abstract

本文概括而言描述了用于识别并且区分后台业务的***和方法的实施例。在某些实施例中，收发器被布置为在通信网络上无线地传输和接收分组，并且，耦合至所述收发器的处理器被布置为提供对与后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的指示。识别与后台业务相关联的分组的所述指示包括：分组的报头中的位，其中，所述位被设置于第一状态用于指示所述分组与后台业务相关联，并且所述位被设置于第二状态用于指示所述分组与活跃业务相关联；或者，对端口号以及与后台业务相关联的协议类型的识别。所述处理器进一步被布置为提供用于区分后台业务的指示。

Description

用于识别和区分后台业务的方法
本专利申请要求于2012年5月11日递交的美国临时专利申请序列号NO.61/646,223的优先权，其全部内容以引用的方式被并入本文。
背景技术
当计算装置在后台发送和接收数据文件时，就会发生后台业务。在用户没有参与或者用户未必期望的情况下生成的分组/业务通常称为后台业务。新兴的应用(例如社交应用(例如，Facebook和Twitter等))也会在用户参与下所生成的业务的顶端生成后台业务。后台业务是典型数据通信方案的其中一种，其特征在于目的地在特定时间内并不期望该数据。示例包括电子邮件、SMS的背景递送、以及数据库的下载和测量记录的接收。对于社交媒体而言，背景数据包括用户没有主动使用装置时Facebook和Twitter更新。由于社会性质，由社交应用等生成的后台业务非常频繁并且具有更小的分组。
与后台业务相关联的两个主要问题是：(a)后台业务使得装置在后台业务生成时接收/传输所述业务，并且不允许装置在长时间段内持续地处于低功率模式，因此不必要地消耗了电池电量，(b)后台业务使得装置脱离低功率模式并且频繁地连接到网络以接收/传输后台业务，因此添加了大量的空中接口信令开销。
两个主要问题领域包括：确定如何识别后台业务以及如何将后台业务与常规业务区分出来。
附图说明
在附图中，不一定按实际比例对其进行绘制，在不同的视图中相似的附图标记可以描述相似的部件。具有不同的字母后缀的相似的附图标记可以表示相似部件的不同实例。附图作为示例但不作为限制，概括地示出了本文论述的各个实施例。
图1示出了根据实施例的通信网络的框图；
图2示出了根据实施例的UE的状态；
图3示出了根据实施例的IP报头；
图4示出了根据实施例的IP报头的服务类型字段的更加详细的视图；
图5示出了根据实施例的***，其中，与应用相关联的第二方法用于经由API向装置指示业务的类型；
图6示出了根据实施例的***，其中，当对后台业务进行识别时，提供上行链路缓冲区以供使用；
图7示出了根据实施例的后台业务识别和区分规则(BTIDR)介质访问控制(MAC)控制单元(CE)；
图8示出了根据实施例的提供了对BTIDR MAC CE字段的描述的表；以及
图9示出了根据实施例的用于识别和区分后台业务的示例机器的框图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了根据实施例的通信网络100的框图。在图1中，演进型分组核心110耦合至通用陆地无线接入网(UTRAN)112、LTE网络中的eNodeB 114、WLAN 116、WiMAX 118、非3GPP(第三代合作伙伴计划)网络120、分组数据网122(例如，因特网)以及公共交换电话网(PSTN)124。PSTN 124是公共电路交换电话网的网络并且包括电话线、光缆、微波传输链路、蜂窝网络、通信卫星和海底电话电缆，所有这些都通过交换中心相互连接。由此，PSTN 124允许世界上的任何电话相互通信。
用户设备(UE)130、132可以相应地经由eNodeB(演进型节点B)114和UTRAN 112来访问网络服务。UE 130、132可以包括许多不同类型的装置，范围从简单的移动电话到数字电视。演进型分组核心110可以支持包括GSM、WCDMA和UMTS LTE广域无线信道在内的无线传输技术的混合。而且，演进型分组核心110使用IP分组***，所述IP分组***可以通过网关(GW)装置的使用来访问其他类型的网络，例如，PSTN 124、PDN 122、WLAN 116、WiMAX 118、信任的非3GPP 120网络等。演进型分组核心110可以包括归属用户服务器(HSS)140、认证、授权和计费(AAA)装置142、分组网关(P-GW)144、服务网关(S-GW)146、移动管理实体(MME)148、服务GPRS支持节点(SGSN)150和网关GPRS支持节点(GGSN)152。通用分组无线服务(GPRS)用于支持2G和3G蜂窝通信***上面向分组的移动数据服务。UTRAN 112包括节点B160和无线网络控制器(RNC)162。UTRAN 112经由RNC 162和SGSN 150耦合至演进型分组核心110。eNodeB 114耦合至演进型分组核心110中的MME 148。WiMAX网118经由P-GW 144耦合至演进型分组核心110。P-GW 144还将演进型分组核心110耦合至WLAN 116、信任的非3GPP网120、因特网(或其他分组数据网络)122以及PSTN 124。
图2示出了根据实施例的UE 200的状态。如图2所示，UE可以保持分离(DETACHED)210、活跃(ACTIVE)220以及空闲(IDLE)230状态。UE可以从关机(OFF)状态240转换至分离状态210。分离状态210表示UE还未注册网络并且因而不为网络所知的时间。当UE注册250网络以连接至无线资源控制(RRC)时，发生活跃状态210，其中，UE与服务eNodeB建立无线承载(信令和数据无线承载)以便传输/接收上行链路/下行链路数据以及控制消息。当UE处于活跃状态220时，UE已为小区级的网络所知。在活跃状态220中UE是最活跃的并且产生与UE相关的所有数据分组传输。当很长的持续时间内都不存在数据活动270时，UE释放无线承载并进入空闲状态230。在空闲状态230下，UE已为追踪区域级的网络所知并且可以由网络通过寻呼消息找到UE。不论何时，存在与UE相关的上行链路或下行链路数据，用户都首先进入活跃状态220以处理新数据280。UE再次连接至RRC，以便发送或接收数据。UE可以注销260该网络以转换至分离状态210。
图3示出了根据实施例的IP报头300。所述IP报头包括版本字段310、IHL字段312、服务类型字段314、总长字段316、识别字段320、标记字段322、分段偏移字段324、存活时间字段330、协议字段332、报头校验和字段334、源IP地址字段340、目的IP地址字段350、用于选择的字段360和用于填补的字段362。
图4示出了根据实施例的IP报头的服务类型字段400的更加详细的视图。IP报头的服务类型字段400包括：用于指示优先级410的位0-2、用于指示延迟412的位3(例如，当设为0时为正常延迟并且当设为1时为低延迟)、用于指示吞吐量414的位4(例如，当设为0时为正常吞吐量并且当设为1时为高吞吐量)以及用于指示可靠性416的位5(例如，当设为0时为正常可靠性并且当设为1时为高可靠性)。位6-7430保留用于将来使用，但其中，根据实施例，位6432可以用于识别后台业务。
然而，根据本文描述的实施例，可以使用用于提供识别和/或区分后台业务的指示的多个方法。应用可以经由应用编程接口(API)使装置知道后台业务，和/或装置可以执行对后台业务的智能预测。
存在两种方法用于使应用经由应用编程接口(API)来向装置指示业务的类型。正如上面所提及的，IP报头的服务类型字段400的位6-7430保留以用于将来使用。然而，这些位中的一位可以被获取用于识别后台业务。例如，位6432可以用于通过使用位6432用于当设为0时指示正常分组/业务并且用于当设为1时指示背景分组/业务，从而来识别后台业务。该信息可以经由API传递至装置，并且每一个分组均可以承载由位6432提供的信息。由此，UE可以通过IP分组报头信息来识别分组/业务的类型。
图5示出了根据实施例的***500，其中，与应用相关联的第二方法用于经由API来向装置指示业务的类型。在图5中，访问API 1520的第一应用510可以向装置识别端口号，例如，端口1530，以及发送和/或接收后台业务的协议类型，TCP 540。在图5中，第一应用510还可以访问API 2522。
由此，接入API 1520的第一应用510可以向装置识别端口2532和协议类型UDP 542是否与后台业务的传输和/或接收相关联。在UE 502上运行有多个应用(例如，第一应用510和第二应用512)的情况中，只有当第一应用510和第二应用512(包括端口1530、端口2532和端口n 534)二者都发送后台业务的期间UE 502才可以进入低功率模式。端口n 534还可以被识别为使用TCP协议544用于后台业务。然而，甚至是在这段时间内，通过向eNodeB 550请求对后台业务的去优先级化，UE 502也可以受益于后台业务识别和区分。除了其他部件之外，无线电装置560包括经由天线562传输和接收业务的收发器562。第一应用510和第二应用512以及对后台业务的识别和区分都由处理器514实施。处理器514提供用于识别和区分后台业务的指示。无线电装置560可以在活跃(ACTIVE)状态、空闲(IDLE)状态、分离(DETACHED)状态和关机(POWERED-OFF)状态之间进行转换。当没有人使用装置时、当屏幕关闭时等，可以进入空闲状态。因此，在装置/UE 502与BS/eNodeB 550之间的无线电装置560转换至空闲状态。
图6示出了根据实施例的***，其中，提供了当识别后台业务时使用的上行链路缓冲区。用户设备610可以执行对后台业务的智能预测。UE 610包括UE上行链路缓冲区/服务器620。源进程630在信道640上提供/接收来自UE上行链路缓冲区/服务器620的分组。用户设备610可以在信道650上在UE上行链路缓冲区/服务器620中接收来自eNodeB 640的分组。eNodeB 640包括接收器进程660、用于对所接收/发送的分组进行缓冲的缓冲区/服务器670、以及用于接收和传输分组的无线电装置682。UE 610包括用于执行UE 610的操作的处理器670，而eNodeB 640包括用于执行eNodeB 640的操作的处理器672。
当UE上行链路缓冲区/服务器620接收到分组时，UE 610可以对所接收的分组进行分类。当UE在无人使用模式下时，即，在UE 610处没有用户参与，例如，当屏幕和/或当无线电装置680关闭时，将在UE上行链路缓冲区/服务器620处接收的分组存储起来。在识别了后台业务后，必须指示UE 610如何区分后台业务。UE 610识别UE上行链路缓冲区/服务器620中的后台业务并且恰当地处理所述后台业务。例如，当后台业务到达UE上行链路缓冲区/服务器620处时，UE没有从低功率模式醒来用于发送所述后台业务。相反，UE 610可以将后台业务保持在UE上行链路缓冲区/服务器620中长达特定的时间段或者直到UE 610再次醒来并且打开无线电装置680。
在下行链路中，提供给eNodeB(基站)用于识别和区分后台业务的机制。正如上面参考图4所描述的，UE可以向eNodeB提供关于如何基于对IP报头的服务类型字段400中之前保留的位430(例如，位6432)的使用来识别后台业务的信息。可替代地，正如上面参考图5所描述的，UE 502可以提供从UE 502到eNodeB 550的端口号530-534和协议类型540-544或者后台业务的开始/结束时间。
图7示出了根据实施例的后台业务识别和区分规则(BTIDR)介质访问控制(MAC)控制单元(CE)700。MAC CE是信息单元的一种类型，所述信息单元可以用于根据实施例来提供用于识别和/或区分后台业务的识别。在图7中，后台业务分类类型(BTCT)字段710包括2位。NewBitInfo字段720可以为6位或22位。De-Prioritized字段730为1位，Hold-Time字段740为6位。提供Reserved字段750，以用于BTIDR MAC CE 700中的位的使用。还提供了第一BTCP/BATP字段722和第二BTCP/BATP字段724。
再次参考图5，UE 502与网络(例如，eNodeB 550)之间的通信可以包括信令消息(例如，RRC 570或NAS 572消息)和在UE 502与eNodeB 550之间的控制命令交换(即，非数据业务)。在UMTS中，RRC 570和NAS 572消息作为UE 502与eNodeB 550之间的通信起作用。然而，在LTE中，在MAC层存在多个通信路径。MAC控制单元(MAC CE)580可以用于承载特殊的控制信息。
图8示出了根据实施例的提供了对BTIDR MAC CE字段800的描述的表。BTIDR MACCE字段800包括后台业务分类类型(BTCT)810、NewBitInfo 820、后台业务分类参数(BTCP)822和背景活动时间参数(BATP)824。1位的De-Prioritized字段830、6位的Hold-Time字段832和保留字段834。后台业务分类类型(BTCT)字段810为两位并且可以为00用于指示对后台业务的识别是基于IP报头840中的新位的，01用于指示对后台业务的识别是基于端口号和协议842的，10用于指示对后台业务的识别是基于时间844的，并且，将11指定为保留字段846。
当BTCT等于00 850时，BATP字段为6位，其中，最左边的3位表示IP报头的服务类型字段中的位数。接下来的2位被保留。最右边的1位用于指示IP报头的服务类型字段中上面的位的什么值指示了该业务为后台业务。例如，当最右边的位＝1时，则当IP报头的服务类型字段中的上面的位＝1时，业务为后台业务。
当BTCT等于01 860时，BTCP字段为22位，其中，最左边的9位识别源端口号，接下来的9位识别目的端口号，并且余下的最右边的4位识别协议类型。
当BTCT等于10 870时，BTCP字段为22位。最左边的11位识别开始时间(以秒计算)，并且接下来的11位识别结束时间(以秒计算)。
De-Prioritized字段830为1位。当De-Prioritized字段830被设为1880时，只要存在其他正常/活跃业务，都对后台业务进行去优先级化。当De-Prioritized字段830被设为0882时，不对后台业务进行去优先级化。Hold-Time字段832为6位。Hold-Time字段832指定了在获得用于同一用户890的DL分组之后eNodeB可以等待至醒来的最大时间。111111可以表示无穷大的保持时间。R字段指示保留字段892。
参考图5和图8二者，MAC CE信息可以从UE 502发送至eNodeB 550以用于识别后台业务。MAC CE字段800的长度是固定的。MAC CE 800的实际长度基于实现将为4字节或2字节。NewBitInfo(6位)820/BTCP(22位)822/BATP(6位)824字段仅包含NewBitInfo(6位)820、BTCP(22位)822和BATP(22位)824参数中的一个。UE 502可以告知eNodeB 550如何区分/处理后台业务，例如，如果UE 502处于空闲模式，那么UE 502不需要离开空闲模式以使eNodeB550发送所述后台业务。UE 502还可以指定在eNodeB 550唤醒UE 502用于发送分组之前，eNodeB 550可以将后台业务保持在eNodeB 550处的下行链路缓冲区的最大时间段。例如，如果在UE 502处启用了不连续接收(DRX)功能，那么eNodeB 550会在最后的DRX ON期间唤醒UE 502，这发生在指定的最大分组保持时间期间结束之前。
UE 502与eNodeB 550协商数据传送发生的阶段。在其他时间期间，UE 502将其接收器关闭并且进入低功率状态。UE 502会在预定的时间段期间醒来以寻找它的消息。处于空闲模式的UE可以监视用于寻呼无线网络临时标识(P-RNTI)的物理下行链路控制信道(PDCCH)，所述物理下行链路控制信道(PDCCH)用于寻呼以从eNodeB 550接收寻呼消息。UE502只需在由UE 502设置的特定的具体寻呼场合下监视PDCCH，即，只在具体的无线帧中的具体子帧处。在其他时间，UE 502可以进入睡眠模式以节约电池电量。注意，相当长的时间段是指eNodeB 550不需要唤醒装置用于传输后台业务。此外，当连接模式中出现用于相同UE/流的正常业务时，UE 502还可以指定关于可以如何处理后台业务的规则，例如，去优先级化。
可以通过将信息包括在上行链路DCCH(专用控制信道)消息的信息单元(IE)中的一个中，来将BTIDR 590从UE 502发送至eNodeB 550。DCCH是当UE 502被分配了RRC连接570时分派给UE 502的逻辑信道。UL-DCCH消息包括UEinformationResponse-r9、RCConnectionReconfigurationComplete、RCConnectionReestablishmentComplete和RRCConnectionSetupComplete消息。经由RRC 570、NAS 572或MAC CE 580发送的IE(例如，UE-BTIDR-r11)可以包括BTIDR信息。UE-BTIDR-r11可以被定义为现有IE的版本11非关键扩展的其中一种。
例如，UE BTIDR-r11可以被并入UEinformationResponse消息中。UEinformationResponse消息可以由UE 502用于传送请求信息。对UE-BTIDR-r11字段的描述与上面参考图8所示的BTIDR字段的描述相似。相似地，UE-BTIDR-r11可以被集成作为其他UL-DCCH消息中的非关键扩展，其他UL-DCCH消息例如是，RCConnectionReconfigurationComplete、RCConnectionReestablishmentComplete和RRCConnectionSetupComplete。
图9示出了根据实施例的用于识别和区分后台业务的示例机器900的框图，在所述示例机器900上可以执行本文论述的任何一种或多种技术(例如，方法)。在替代的实施例中，机器900可以作为独立的装置运行，或可以连接(例如，网络化的)至其他机器。在网络部署中，机器900可以在服务器-客户端网络环境中作为服务器机器和/或客户端机器的功能运行。在示例中，机器900可以作为对等(P2P)(或其他布局的)网络环境中的对等机器。机器900可以为个人计算机(PC)、平板PC、机顶盒(STB)、个人数字助理(PDA)、移动电话、网络应用、网络路由器、开关或桥接器，或者能够执行指令(顺序地或其他)的任何机器，所述指令指定了由该机器所采取的行动。进一步地，虽然示出了单个机器，但术语“机器”还应被理解为包括如下机器的任何集合：单独地或联合地执行指令的集合(或多个集合)以履行本文所论述的方法中的任何一种或多种，例如，云计算、软件即服务(SaaS)、其他计算机集群配置。
正如本文所描述的，示例可以包括逻辑或多个部件、模块或机械装置或在其上运行。模块是能够执行具体的操作的有形实体(例如，硬件)并且可以以特定的方式来进行配置或布置。在示例中，电路可以以具体的方式被布置(例如，内部地或者相对于诸如其他电路之类的外部实体)为模块。在示例中，一个或多个计算机***(例如，独立机、客户端或服务器计算机***)的至少一部分或者一个或多个硬件处理器902可以由固件或软件(例如，指令、应用部分或应用)配置为运行以执行所指定的操作的模块。在示例中，软件可以驻存在至少一个机器可读介质上。在示例中，当由模块的底层硬件执行所述软件时，使硬件用于执行所指定的操作。
因此，术语“模块”被理解为包含有形实体，所述有形实体是被物理地构造、具体配地置(例如，硬连线的)或者临时地(例如，暂时地)配置(例如，编程)用于以所具体的方式运行或者用于执行本文所描述的任何操作的至少一部分的实体。就其中模块被临时地配置的示例而言，模块在任何时刻都不需要被实例化。例如，在模块包括使用软件配置的通用硬件处理器902的情况下；所述通用硬件处理器可以在不同的时间被配置为相应的不同的模块。软件可以因此将硬件处理器配置为例如用于在一个时间实例中构成特定的模块并且用于在不同的时间实例中构成不同的模块。术语“应用”及其变型在本文中广泛用于包括例程、程序模块、程序、部件等，并且可以在多种***配置上实施，所述***配置包括单处理器或多处理器***、基于微处理器的电子产品、单核或多核***、其组合等。由此，术语应用可以用于指软件的实施例或指被布置为执行本文所描述的任何操作的至少一部分的硬件。
机器(例如，计算机***)900可以包括硬件处理器902(例如，中央处理单元(CPU)、图形处理单元(GPU)、硬件处理器核心或其任意组合)、主存储器904和静态存储器906，其中的至少一些可以经由互连(例如，总线)908来彼此通信。机器900可以进一步包括显示单元910、字母数字输入装置912(例如，键盘)以及用户接口(UI)导航装置914(例如，鼠标)。在示例中，显示单元910、输入装置912和UI导航装置914可以为触摸屏显示器。机器900可以附加地包括存储装置(例如，驱动单元)916、信号发生装置918(例如，扬声器)、网络接口装置920以及一个或多个传感器921，例如，全球定位***(GPS)传感器、指南针、加速计或其他传感器。机器900可以包括输出控制器928(例如，串行(例如，通用串行总线(USB)、平行或其他有线或无线(例如，红外线(IR))连接)，用于与一个或多个***装置(例如，打印机、读卡器等)通信或控制所述一个或多个***装置。
存储装置916可以包括至少一个机器可读介质922，所述机器可读介质922上存储了数据结构或指令924(例如，软件)的一个或多个集合，所述数据结构或指令924体现了本文所描述的一种或多种技术或功能，或者由本文所描述的一种或多种技术或功能所利用。指令924在由机器900对其执行期间还可以至少部分地驻留在附加的机器可读存储器(例如，主存储器904、静态存储器906)中，或者处于硬件处理器902中。在示例中，硬件处理器902、主存储器904、静态存储器906或存储装置916中的一种或任何组合可以构成机器可读介质。
虽然机器可读介质922被示出为单个介质，但术语“机器可读介质”可以包括被配置为存储所述一个或多个指令924的单个介质或多个介质(例如，集中式或分布式数据库，和/或相关联的高速缓冲存储器和服务器)。
术语“机器可读介质”可以包括能够执行如下功能的任何介质：存储、编码或承载用于由机器900执行的指令并且使得机器900执行本公开的任何一种或多种技术，或者存储、编码或承载由这样的指令使用的或与这样的指令相关联的数据结构。非限制性机器可读介质示例可以包括固态存储器以及光学和磁性介质。在示例中，海量机器可读介质包括具有多个颗粒的机器可读介质，所述机器可读介质具有静止的质量。海量机器可读介质的具体示例可以包括：非易失性存储器，例如，半导体存储装置(例如，电可编程只读存储器(EPROM)、电可擦可编程只读存储器(EEPROM))以及闪存存储装置；磁盘，例如，内置硬盘和可移除盘；磁光盘；以及CD-ROM和DVD-ROM盘。
指令924可以进一步经由网络接口装置920使用传输介质在通信网络926上，利用多种传输协议(例如，帧中继、互联网协议(IP)、传输控制协议(TCP)、用户数据报协议(UDP)、超文本传输协议(HTTP)等)中的任何一个协议来传输或接收。示例通信网络可以包括：局域网、广域网(WAN)、分组数据网络(例如，因特网)、移动电话网((例如，信道接入方法，包括码分多址(CDMA)、时分多址(TDMA)、频分多址(FDMA)和正交频分多址(OFDMA)以及蜂窝网络，例如，全球移动通信***(GSM)、通用移动通信***(UMTS)、CDMA 2000 1x＊标准和长期演进(LTE))、普通老式电话(POTS)网络和无线数据网络(例如，电气与电子工程师协会(IEEE)802标准族，包括IEEE 802.11标准(WiFi)、IEEE 802.16标准以及其他标准)、对等(P2P)网络或者现在已知的或稍后开发的其他协议。
例如，网络接口装置920可以包括一个或多个物理插口(例如，以太网、同轴或电话插口)或者用于连接至通信网络926的一根或多根天线。在示例中，网络接口装置920可以包括多根天线，用于使用单输入多输出(SIMO)、多输入多输出(MIMO)或多输入单输出(MISO)技术中的至少一种技术来进行无线通信。术语“传输介质”应被理解为包括能够存储、编码或承载用于由机器900执行的指令的任何无形介质，并且包括数字或模拟通信信号或有助于这样的软件的通信的其他无形介质。
附加的注释和示例：
示例1包括的主题(例如，设备、装置、客户端或***)包括：无线电装置，所述无线电装置包括收发器，所述收发器被布置为在通信网络上无线地传输和接收分组；以及，耦合至收发器的处理器，所述处理器被布置为提供对与后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的指示。
示例2可以可选地包括示例1中的主题，其中，识别与后台业务相关联的分组的指示包括分组报头中的位，其中，所述位被设置于第一状态以指示分组与后台业务相关联，并且所述位被设置于第二状态以指示分组与活跃业务相关联。
示例3可以可选地包括示例1-2中的主题，其中，识别与后台业务相关联的分组的指示由应用经由应用编程接口(API)来提供。
示例4可以可选地包括示例1-3中的主题，其中，识别与后台业务相关联的分组的指示包括对与后台业务相关联的端口号以及协议类型的识别，所述识别被提供至eNodeB。
示例5可以可选地包括示例1-4中的主题，其中，识别与后台业务相关联的分组的指示由应用经由应用编程接口(API)来提供。
示例6可以可选地包括示例1-5中的主题，其中，处理器被布置为执行对后台业务的智能预测，当无线电装置处于空闲状态时，处理器将到达的分组分类为背景分组。
示例7可以可选地包括示例1-6中的主题，其中，只有当所有应用都被布置为仅发送后台业务时处理器才转换至空闲状态，所述后台业务被保持在上行链路缓冲区中直到处理器转换至活跃状态。
示例8可以可选地包括示例1-7中的主题，其中，识别与后台业务相关联的分组的指示包括：指示后台业务何时开始的开始时间和指示后台业务何时结束的结束时间，所述指示被提供至eNodeB。
示例9可以可选地包括示例1-8中的主题，其中，处理器进一步被布置为提供用于区分后台业务的指示。
示例10可以可选地包括示例1-9中的主题，其中，用于区分后台业务的指示包括：由专用信令提供的信息单元，其中，所述信息单元包括去优先级化位，当检测到活跃业务时，所述去优先级化位被设置于第一状态用于发送对后台业务去优先级化的信号，并且所述去优先级位被设置于第二状态用于发送不对后台业务去优先级化的信号。
示例11可以可选地包括示例1-10中的主题，其中，信息单元包括用于设置最大保持时间的字段，所述最大保持时间通知接收信息单元的节点在唤醒所述处理器之前等待的最大时间。
示例12可以可选地包括示例1-11中的主题，其中，信息单元包括介质访问控制(MAC)控制单元(CE)。
示例13可以可选地包括示例1-12中的主题，其中，信息单元包括无线资源控制(RRC)消息。
示例14可以可选地包括示例1-13中的主题，其中，增强型基站(eNodeB)包括：缓冲区，其用于在处理之前保持所接收的分组并且用于在传输之前保持分组；以及与缓冲区相耦合的处理器，所述处理器被布置为接收对与后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的指示，所述处理器根据所接收的指示来处理分组。
示例15可以可选地包括示例1-14中的主题，其中，处理器被进一步布置为接收用于区分后台业务的指示。
示例16可以可选地包括示例1-15中的主题，其中，识别与后台业务相关联的分组的指示包括：用于设置分组的报头中的位的指令，其中，所述位被设置于第一状态用于指示所述分组与后台业务相关联，并且所述位被设置于第二状态用于指示所述分组与活跃业务相关联。
示例17可以可选地包括示例1-16中的主题，其中，识别与后台业务相关联的分组的指示包括：用于使端口号同与后台业务相关联的协议类型相关联的指令，所述识别被提供至eNodeB。
示例18可以可选地包括示例1-17中的主题，其中，识别与后台业务相关联的分组的指示包括：用于建立与后台业务相关联的开始时间以及与后台业务相关联的结束时间的指令，所述指示被提供至eNodeB。
示例19可以包括的主题(例如，用于执行活动的方法或单元)包括：在用户设备上处理由无线电装置在无线通信信道上接收和传输的分组；以及提供用于识别与后台业务相关联的分组的指示。
示例20可以可选地包括示例19中的主题，其中，提供用于识别与后台业务相关联的分组的指示包括：提供分组的报头中的位，其中，所述位被设置于第一状态以指示所述分组与后台业务相关联，并且所述位被设置于第二状态以指示所述分组与活跃业务相关联。
示例21可以可选地包括示例19-20中的主题，其中，提供用于识别与后台业务相关联的分组的指示包括：由应用通过应用编程接口(API)来提供用于识别与后台业务相关联的分组的指示。
示例22可以可选地包括示例19-21中的主题，其中，提供对与后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的指示包括：提供对与后台业务相关联的端口号以及协议类型的识别，所述识别被提供至eNodeB。
示例23可以可选地包括示例19-22中的主题，其中，提供对与后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的指示包括：当无线电装置处于空闲状态时通过将到达的分组分类为背景分组来执行对后台业务的智能预测。
示例24可以可选地包括示例19-23中的主题，包括：只有当所有应用都被布置为仅发送后台业务时才转换至空闲状态，所述后台业务被保持在上行链路缓冲区中直到处理器转换至活跃状态。
示例25可以可选地包括示例19-24中的主题，其中，提供对与后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的指示包括：提供指示后台业务何时开始的开始时间和指示后台业务何时结束的结束时间，所述指示被提供至eNodeB。
示例26可以可选地包括示例19-25中的主题，包括：提供用于区分后台业务的指示。
示例27可以可选地包括示例19-26中的主题，其中，提供用于区分后台业务的指示包括：通过专用信令向节点提供信息单元，其中，所述信息单元包括去优先级化位，当检测到活跃业务时，所述去优先级化位被设置于第一状态以用于发送对后台业务去优先级化的信号并且其被设置于第二状态用于发送不对后台业务去优先级化的信号。
示例28可以包括的主题(例如，用于执行动作的单元或包括指令的机器可读介质，当由机器执行所述指令时，使得机器执行动作)包括：在用户设备处处理由无线电装置在无线通信信道上接收和传输的分组；以及提供用于识别与后台业务相关联的分组的指示。
示例29可以可选地包括示例28中的主题，其中，提供用于识别与后台业务相关联的分组的指示包括：提供分组的报头中的位，其中，所述位被设置于第一状态以指示分组与后台业务相关联，并且所述位被设置于第二状态以指示分组与活跃业务相关联。
示例30可以可选地包括示例28-29中的主题，其中，提供用于识别与后台业务相关联的分组的指示包括：由应用通过应用编程接口(API)提供用于识别与后台业务相关联的分组的指示。
示例31可以可选地包括示例28-30中的主题，其中，提供对与后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的指示包括：提供对与后台业务相关联的端口号以及协议类型的识别，所述识别被提供至eNodeB。
示例32可以可选地包括示例28-31中的主题，其中，提供对与后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的指示包括：当无线电装置处于空闲状态时通过将到达的分组分类为背景分组来执行对后台业务的智能预测。
示例33可以可选地包括示例28-32中的主题，包括：只有当所有应用都被布置为仅发送后台业务时才转换至空闲状态，所述后台业务被保持在上行链路缓冲区中直到处理器转换至活跃状态。
示例34可以可选地包括示例28-33中的主题，其中，提供对与后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的指示包括：提供指示后台业务何时开始的开始时间和指示后台业务何时结束的结束时间，所述指示被提供至eNodeB。
示例35可以可选地包括示例28-34中的主题，包括：提供用于区分后台业务的指示。
示例36可以可选地包括示例28-35中的主题，其中，提供用于区分后台业务的指示包括：通过专用信令向节点提供信息单元，其中，所述信息单元包括去优先级化位，当检测到活跃业务时，所述去优先级化位被设置于第一状态，以发送对后台业务去优先级化的信号并且其被设置于第二状态，以发送不对后台业务进行去优先级化的信号。
以上详细说明包括对附图的参考，所述附图构成了本详细说明的一部分。附图作为举例说明示出了可以实施的具体实施例。这些实施例在本文中还被称为“示例”。这样的示例可以包括除上面示出或描述的元件之外的元件。然而，还考虑到的是包括已示出或描述的元件的示例。此外，还考虑到的是使用已示出或描述的元件(或其一个或多个方面)的任何组合或排列的示例，或者相对于特定示例(或其一个或多个方面)或相对于本文示出或描述的其他示例(或其一个或多个方面)。
本文中参考的出版物、专利和专利文件的全部内容在此以引用的方式将其全部条款并入本文，如同单独地以引用方式并入本文。如果出现本文中的用法与以引用方式被并入本文中的所述文件中的用法相矛盾的情况，则所并入的参考文件中的用法作为本文件中的用法补充，对于不可调和的矛盾，应以本文件中的用法为准。
在本文件中，正如在专利文件中常用的，术语“一”或“一个”用于包括一个或多个，其独立于任何其他实例或对“至少一个”或“一个或多个”的使用。在本文件中，术语“或者”用于指非排他性，或使得“A或B”包括“A而不是B”、“B而不是A”以及“A和B”，除非特别指出。在所附的权利要求书中，术语“包括”和“其中”分别用作相应的术语“包含”和“在其中”的简明英语等效物。同样，在如下的权利要求书中，术语“包括”和“包含”是开放式的，即，包括在权利要求中这样的术语之后列出的元件之外的元件的***、装置、产品或过程仍应被理解为落在该条权利要求的范围内。而且，在如下的权利要求书中，术语“第一”、“第二”和“第三”等仅用作标签，而不是要表示其标注对象的数字顺序。
上面的描述是要举例说明，而不是限制。例如，上文描述的示例(或其一个或多个方面)可以与其他示例结合使用。例如可以由本领域的技术人员基于阅读上面的描述来使用其他实施例。摘要是用于允许读者快速地确定所公开的技术的本质，例如，用于符合美国37C.F.R.§1.72(b)的规定。应当理解的是，该摘要不用于解释或限制说明书的范围或含义。同样，在如上的具体实施方式中，可以将多个特征组合在一起以组织本公开。然而，由于实施例可以包括所述特征的子集，所以权利要求书中可以不阐述本文所公开的特征。进一步地，实施例可以包括少于特定示例中公开的特征。因此，下面的权利要求书由此被并入具体实施方式中，其中，权利要求自身作为单独的实施例。本文公开的实施例的范围将参考所附的权利要求书来进行确定，连同这样的权利要求书的等效物的全部范围被一起授权。

Claims (22)

1.一种用户设备，包括：
收发器，所述收发器被布置为在通信网络上无线地传输和接收分组；以及
处理器，其与所述收发器相耦合，所述处理器被布置为提供对与后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的指示，
其中，对与后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的所述指示包括：指示后台业务何时开始的开始时间和指示后台业务何时结束的结束时间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用户设备，其中，对与后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的所述指示包括分组的报头中的位，其中，所述位被设置于第一状态用于指示所述分组与后台业务相关联，并且所述位被设置于第二状态用于指示所述分组与活跃业务相关联。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用户设备，其中，对与后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的所述指示由应用经由应用编程接口(API)来提供。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用户设备，其中，对与后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的所述指示包括对与后台业务相关联的端口号以及协议类型的识别。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用户设备，其中，对与后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的所述指示由应用经由应用编程接口(API)来提供。
6.根据权利要求1所述的用户设备，其中，所述处理器被布置为执行对后台业务的智能预测，当所述处理器处于空闲状态时，所述处理器将到达的分组分类为背景分组。
7.根据权利要求1所述的用户设备，其中，只有当所有应用均被布置为仅发送后台业务时所述处理器才转换至空闲状态，所述后台业务被保持在上行链路缓冲区中直到所述处理器转换至活跃状态为止。
8.根据权利要求1所述的用户设备，其中，所述处理器进一步被布置为提供用于区分后台业务的指示。
9.根据权利要求1所述的用户设备，其中，对与后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的所述指示包括：由专用信令提供的信息单元，其中，所述信息单元包括去优先级化位，当检测到活跃业务时所述去优先级化位被设置于第一状态，用于发送对后台业务去优先级化的信号，所述去优先级化位被设置于第二状态，用于发送不对后台业务进行去优先级化的信号。
10.根据权利要求9所述的用户设备，其中，所述信息单元包括用于设置最大保持时间的字段，所述字段通知接收所述信息单元的节点在唤醒所述处理器之前等待的最大时间。
11.根据权利要求9所述的用户设备，其中，所述信息单元包括介质访问控制(MAC)控制单元(CE)。
12.根据权利要求9所述的用户设备，其中，所述信息单元包括无线资源控制(RRC)消息。
13.一种用于管理后台业务的方法，包括：
在用户设备处处理在无线通信信道上接收和传输的分组；以及
提供用于识别与后台业务相关联的分组的指示，
其中，提供用于识别与后台业务相关联的分组的指示包括提供指示后台业务何时开始的开始时间以及指示后台业务何时结束的结束时间。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中，提供用于识别与后台业务相关联的分组的指示包括：提供分组的报头中的位，其中，所述位被设置于第一状态用于指示所述分组与后台业务相关联，并且所述位被设置于第二状态用于指示所述分组与活跃业务相关联。
15.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中，提供对与后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的所述指示包括：提供对与后台业务相关联的端口号以及协议类型的识别。
16.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中，提供对与后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的所述指示包括：当所述处理器处于空闲状态时，通过将到达的分组分类为背景分组来执行对后台业务的智能预测。
17.根据权利要求13所述的方法，进一步包括：
只有当所有应用均被布置为仅发送后台业务时才转换至空闲状态，所述后台业务被保持在上行链路缓冲区中直到所述处理器转换至活跃状态为止。
18.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中，提供用于识别后台业务的所述指示包括：通过专用信令来向节点提供信息单元，其中，所述信息单元包括去优先级化位，当检测到活跃业务时所述去优先级化位被设置于第一状态用于发送对后台业务去优先级化的信号，并且所述去优先级化位被设置于第二状态用于发送不对后台业务进行去优先级化的信号。
19.一种增强型基站(eNodeB)，包括：
缓冲区，其用于在处理之前保持所接收的分组并且用于在传输之前保持分组；以及
处理器，其耦合至所述缓冲区，所述处理器被布置为接收对与下行链路后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的指示，所述处理器根据所接收的指示来处理分组，
其中，所述指示由用户设备提供并且包括指示后台业务何时开始的开始时间和指示后台业务何时结束的结束时间。
20.根据权利要求19所述的增强型基站，其中，所述处理器进一步被布置为接收用于区分后台业务的指示。
21.根据权利要求19所述的增强型基站，其中，对与后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的所述指示包括：用于设置分组的报头中的位的指令，其中，所述位被设置于第一状态用于指示所述分组与后台业务相关联，并且所述位被设置于第二状态用于指示所述分组与活跃业务相关联。
22.根据权利要求19所述的增强型基站，其中，对与后台业务相关联的分组进行识别的所述指示包括：用于对与后台业务相关联的端口号和协议类型进行关联的指令。
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