CN104137677B - Ginkgo biloba half-sib families land for growing field crops non-woven container live broadcasting method - Google Patents
Ginkgo biloba half-sib families land for growing field crops non-woven container live broadcasting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104137677B CN104137677B CN201410344662.0A CN201410344662A CN104137677B CN 104137677 B CN104137677 B CN 104137677B CN 201410344662 A CN201410344662 A CN 201410344662A CN 104137677 B CN104137677 B CN 104137677B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Ginkgo biloba half-sib families land for growing field crops non-woven container live broadcasting method. The present invention adopts steps such as " Tibetan-vernalization of seed collection-after-ripening-decortication-drying in the shade-sand-put container-program request ", the ginkgo ancient tree seed collecting is carried out to land for growing field crops nonwoven live, poor to improve the grow seedlings gas permeability of soil that exists of traditional sowing in the field, easily harden, while coming up, push up native ability, root system is undeveloped, and early growth amount is less, and transplant the defects such as rear seedling-slowing stage length, meet Production requirement. This technology is utilized the feature that container nursery emergence rate is high, seedling growth amount is large, adopt land for growing field crops non-woven container direct seeding technique to sow the ancient tree seed gathering, emergence rate, shortening seedling raise period and the increase seedling growth measurer of growing seedlings for raising ginkgo sowing in the field play an important role, effectively improve the quality and quantity of nursery stock, alleviated a difficult problem for nurseries’ supplies and transplanting aspect. Apply this technology Ginkgo biloba half-sib families seed is sowed, operate effective, feasible.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field that arboreal growth is grown and bred, particularly a kind of about Ginkgo biloba half-sib families land for growing field crops nonwovenThe method that cloth container is live.
Background technology
Ginkgo (GinkgobilobaL.) has another name called gingko, is the most ancient Relict Plant in existing seed plant, is that China is distinctiveEconomic fruit tree and material with, leaf with and view and admire, green tree species. China has the more than 90% of world's Ginkgo Germplasm Resource, is the worldUpper ginkgo the first big country, the cultivation history that can investigate in China is for thousand. Ginkgo seeding and seedling raising is to produce at present upper breeding seedlingOne of main method of wood, and traditional ginkgo sowing in the field is grown seedlings and is had obvious defect, is mainly manifested in: (1) emergence rateUndesirable. (2) field soil condition is poor, causes seedling top soil difficulty, and root system is undeveloped. (3) early growth amount is less, moveAfter planting, seedling-slowing stage is long.
The present invention utilizes the feature that container nursery emergence rate is high, seedling growth amount is large, adopts land for growing field crops non-woven container direct seeding technique pairThe ancient tree seed gathering is sowed, emergence rate, shortening seedling raise period and the increase nursery stock of growing seedlings for raising ginkgo sowing in the fieldIncrement has important function, has effectively improved the quality and quantity of nursery stock, has alleviated a difficult problem for nurseries’ supplies and transplanting aspect.Yet there are no the report of ginkgo land for growing field crops non-woven container direct seeding technique, the present invention proposes under such technical background.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, the defect of growing seedlings for traditional ginkgo sowing in the field, sowing in the field emergence rate at 65%-85% not etc.,The gas permeability of soil is poor, easily hardens, and pushes up native ability while coming up, and root system is undeveloped, and early growth amount is less, and after transplantingSeedling-slowing stage is long. In order to address the above problem, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
(1) acquisition and processing of seed
1. seed collection
Gather good ancient tree seed (250-300 grain/kg), in gingko seeds formalness, demonstrate ripe feature, by green flavescence,Can be gathered by white powder
2. after-ripening
The mature seed of appearance, because the maturity leaf of different individual plants, grain not of the same race is inconsistent, for the ease of unified threshing,Seed after gathering must carry out after-ripening processing. After gingko seeds morphological maturity, embryonic development is still incomplete, must do through one section of after-ripeningJust there is germinating capacity with rear seed.
3. decortication
The program of ginkgo decortication is:---exosper softens, becomes thoroughly decomposed---crumpling, mash exosper---, and water rinsing goes stack rettingAssorted---classification after drying in the shade. When seed amount is few, can bring the artificial rubbing peeling of emgloves, also can be with brick at hard soilPress gently and rub decortication with the hands on the ground. Then put into dusting cover, then eluriate totally with clear water, remove out exosper, seedstalk and foreign material.
4. dry in the shade
Seed decortication is clean plant after, select the 1-2 days that dries in the shade of indoor or shady and cool ventilation place.
(2) sand of seed is hidden
1. the husky Tibetan time:
The seed gathering carries out sand mid-November then and hides.
2. husky humidity
Agglomerating to hold, hand pine i.e. loose being advisable.
3. husky pond specification
Determine husky pond size according to the quantity of seed, the seed of different familys separates with hard dividing plate.
(3) vernalization of seed
Temperature checked and stirred in time after ging up spring, and started cold bed vernalization after late Febuary, the earth thawed.
(4) sieve kind
Treating that seed sprouts reaches a half and sieves kind. Seed and husky mixture are taken out from Sha Chizhong, put in dusting cover, lightJog shakes after sieve chooses the seed of opening and germination, and the seed of opening is not put back to after mixing with sand and in shed, continued vernalization.
(5) specification of container, composition and put,
1. non-woven container specification: diameter 4.8cm × high 13.5cm
2. matrix components: turfy soil: perlite: vermiculite (volume ratio) 30:7:3, additional 1.0% slow-release fertilizer, 0.5% mistakeCalcium phosphate, 0.5% ferrous sulfate and 0.1% carbendazim.
3. container is put: the actual occupation of land of every furrow width 1.25m, furrow face width 100cm, two row, line-spacing 50cm, spacing in the rows 30cm.
(6) program request technology
1. program request
First in nutrition cup, pour into suitable quantity of water, after treating that water infiltrates, in nutrition cup, dig a duck eye with instruments such as waddys, after willGingko seeds is put into nutrition cup, some sowing time, seed answer radicle downwards, plant rib perpendicular to the ground or parallel, plant point laterally.
2. earthing
By Nutrition Soil and common native mixed in equal amounts, as overburden soil. Seed program request is entered after nutrition cup, immediately with the covering preparingSoil is overlying on nutrition cup top, and thickness of earth covering is advisable with 1-2cm.
3. cover
The mulch film that preparation width is 1.2m, adopts the method for covering ridge to carry out overlay film. When overlay film, mulch film should cover ridge and nutrition completelyCup, then seals both sides compacting with soil, should avoid being pressed onto nutrition cup in firming process.
4. punching
After treating that seed is unearthed, immediately the mulch film on the seed top of having appeared is punched. Spring end, for avoiding high light injurySeed, the time is to be advisable afterwards 16 of every days. On the mulch film on unearthed seed top, break aperture with instruments such as blades, protectIn card growth of seedling process, do not contact with mulch film, prevent from scalding seedling.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) adopt non-woven container direct seeding technique to carry out ginkgo seeding and seedling raising, can active balance tree seedling root system, make side fibrous rootFlourishing.
(2) adopt non-woven container direct seeding technique to carry out ginkgo seeding and seedling raising, the time that after planting comes up is short, and emergence rate is highReach 95%-100%. Grow seedlings and improve 10%-25% compared with sowing in the field.
(3) adopt non-woven container direct seeding technique to carry out ginkgo seeding and seedling raising, seedling growth amount is large, compared with the sowing in the field raising of growing seedlings20％-30％。
Utilize said method to carry out ginkgo seeding and seedling raising, can effectively solving traditional ginkgo sowing in the field, to educate emergence rate not high, nativeEarth gas permeability is poor, easily harden, come up difficulty and the underdeveloped problem of root system, in good time, even, whole for guaranteeing seedNeat be unearthed, improve nursery stock output and quality significant, significantly improved the production efficiency of direct sowing and seedling, promoted ginkgoNursery stock produces on a large scale.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
Application this method in Shandong Agricultural University proving ground, Ningyang's high bridge forest farm carries out, by the ginkgo ancient tree seed warp collectingLater ripe, peel, dry in the shade, huskyly hide, after vernalization, adopt non-woven container direct seeding technique to sow in Ningyang's high bridge forest farm.Ginkgo biloba half-sib families land for growing field crops non-woven container direct seeding technique implementation step is as follows:
(1) acquisition and processing of seed
1. seed collection
Gather good ancient tree seed (250-300 grain/kg) in September, 2013 some.
2. after-ripening
The ancient tree seed gathering is stacked in the cool, fully become thoroughly decomposed, make it have germinating capacity.
3. decortication
Ginkgo ancient tree seed after fully becoming thoroughly decomposed is peeled in time, and the program of ginkgo decortication is: stack retting---exosper is softening,------impurity elimination of the water rinsing---classification after drying in the shade of crumpling, mash exosper of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
4. dry in the shade
By the seed after clean decortication kind, select the 1-2 days that dries in the shade of indoor or shady and cool ventilation place.
(2) sand of seed is hidden
Seed after drying in the shade carries out sand the November 7 of 2013 and hides in Shandong Agricultural University proving ground. Select sunny side to dig huskyPond, the clean river sand of 10-20cm is first put in bottom, husky pond, then the mixture of kind of husky 1:3 is inserted in husky pond to the seed of different familysSeparate with hard dividing plate, after on seed, cover thick 20-30cm fine sand. In the process of husky Tibetan, should ensure suitable humidity, the humidity of sandLoose i.e. loose being advisable of, hand agglomerating to hold, inspection is stirred in timing, prevents that overdrying or mistake web rot are rotten.
(3) vernalization of seed
Temperature checked and stirred in time after ging up spring, and took plastic canopy in mid or late March, 2014, carried out cold bed vernalization.
(4) sieve kind
Treating that seed sprouts reaches a half and sieves for the first time kind. Seed and husky mixture are taken out from Sha Chizhong, put dusting coverIn, the seed of opening and germination is chosen after jiggling sieve, the seed of opening is not continued with putting back in shed after husky mixingVernalization.
(5) specification of container, composition and put
1. non-woven container specification: diameter 4.8cm × high 13.5cm
2. matrix components: turfy soil: perlite: vermiculite (volume ratio) 30:7:3, additional 1.0% slow-release fertilizer, 0.5% mistakeCalcium phosphate, 0.5% ferrous sulfate and 0.1% carbendazim.
3. container is put: the actual occupation of land of every furrow width 1.25m, furrow face width 100cm, two row, line-spacing 50cm, spacing in the rows 30cm.(6) program request technology
9 to 14 April in 2014 is sowed for the first time in high bridge forest farm, Ningyang County, carries out on April 16 to 17Secondary sowing. Autumn in 2012 ploughs deeply sowing comprehensively, and uses sufficient base manure, and spring in next year, furrow were beaten in leveling. Horse after beddingOn pour water once, soil moisture content is advisable with 60% left and right of field capacity.
1. program request
First in nutrition cup, pour into suitable quantity of water, after treating that water infiltrates, in nutrition cup, dig a duck eye with instruments such as waddys, after willGingko seeds is put into nutrition cup, some sowing time, seed answer radicle downwards, plant rib perpendicular to the ground or parallel, plant point laterally.
2. earthing
By Nutrition Soil and common native mixed in equal amounts, as overburden soil. Seed program request is entered after nutrition cup, immediately with the covering preparingSoil is overlying on nutrition cup top, and thickness of earth covering is advisable with 1-2cm.
3. cover
The mulch film that preparation width is 1.2m, adopts the method for covering ridge to carry out overlay film. When overlay film, mulch film should cover ridge and nutrition completelyCup, then seals both sides compacting with soil, should avoid being pressed onto nutrition cup in firming process.
4. punching
In the last ten-days period in April, break aperture with instruments such as blades after 16 of every days on the mulch film on unearthed seed top, ensures childrenIn seedling growth course, do not contact with mulch film, prevent from scalding seedling.
The present invention is not limited to above embodiment, as long as taked stump method on Seedlings of Ginkgo biloba, no matter after planting takesWhich kind of control measures, all will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. Ginkgo biloba half-sib families land for growing field crops non-woven container live broadcasting method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) acquisition and processing of seed
1. seed collection
Gather good ancient tree seed, in gingko seeds formalness, demonstrate ripe feature, by green flavescence, can be adopted by white powderReceive;
2. after-ripening
The mature seed of appearance, because the maturity leaf of different individual plants, grain not of the same race is inconsistent, for the ease of unified threshing,Seed after gathering must carry out after-ripening processing; After gingko seeds morphological maturity, embryonic development is still incomplete, must do through one section of after-ripeningJust there is germinating capacity with rear seed;
3. decortication
The program of ginkgo decortication is:---exosper softens, becomes thoroughly decomposed---crumpling, mash exosper---, and water rinsing goes stack rettingAssorted---classification after drying in the shade; When seed amount is few, bring the artificial rubbing peeling of emgloves, or with brick in hard soil ground gentlyPress and rub decortication with the hands; Then put into dusting cover, then eluriate totally with clear water, remove exosper, seedstalk and foreign material;
4. dry in the shade
Seed decortication is clean plant after, select the 1-2 days that dries in the shade of indoor or shady and cool ventilation place;
(2) sand of seed is hidden
1. the husky Tibetan time:
The seed gathering carries out sand mid-November then and hides;
2. husky humidity
Agglomerating to hold, hand pine i.e. loose being advisable;
3. husky pond specification
Determine husky pond size according to the quantity of seed, the seed of different familys separates with hard dividing plate;
(3) vernalization of seed
Temperature checked and stirred in time after ging up spring, and started cold bed vernalization after late Febuary, the earth thawed;
(4) sieve kind
Treating that seed sprouts reaches a half and sieves kind; Seed and husky mixture are taken out from Sha Chizhong, put in dusting cover, lightAfter jog rolling sieve, the seed of opening and germination is chosen;
(5) specification of container, composition and put
1. non-woven container specification: diameter 4.8cm × high 13.5cm
2. matrix components: turfy soil: perlite: vermiculite volume ratio 30:7:3, additional 1.0% slow-release fertilizer, 0.5% peroxophosphoric acidCalcium, 0.5% ferrous sulfate and 0.1% carbendazim;
3. container is put: the actual occupation of land of every furrow width 1.25m, furrow face width 100cm, two row, line-spacing 50cm, spacing in the rows 30cm;
(6) program request technology
1. program request
First in nutrition cup, pour into suitable quantity of water, after treating that water infiltrates, in nutrition cup, dig a duck eye with waddy instrument, after by silverApricot seed is put into nutrition cup, some sowing time, seed answer radicle downwards, plant rib perpendicular to the ground or parallel, plant point laterally;
2. earthing
By Nutrition Soil and common native mixed in equal amounts, as overburden soil; Seed program request is entered after nutrition cup, immediately with the covering preparingSoil is overlying on nutrition cup top, and thickness of earth covering is advisable with 1-2cm;
3. cover
The mulch film that preparation width is 1.2m, adopts the method for covering ridge to carry out overlay film; When overlay film, mulch film should cover ridge and nutrition completelyCup, then seals both sides compacting with soil, should avoid being pressed onto nutrition cup in firming process;
4. punching
After treating that seed is unearthed, immediately the mulch film on the seed top of having appeared is punched; Spring end, for avoiding high light injurySeed, the time is to be advisable afterwards 16 of every days; On the mulch film on unearthed seed top, break aperture with blade, ensure seedlingIn growth course, do not contact with mulch film, prevent from scalding seedling.
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| CN112868529B (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2022-07-05 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Method for improving seedling survival rate of hybrid filial generation of populus nigra |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102173929A (en) * | 2011-01-11 | 2011-09-07 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | Light substrate for seedling in wood non-woven fabric container |
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| JP2574846B2 (en) * | 1988-02-09 | 1997-01-22 | 三井石油化学工業株式会社 | Non-woven fabric underlay sheet for raising seedlings |
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| CN102173929A (en) * | 2011-01-11 | 2011-09-07 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | Light substrate for seedling in wood non-woven fabric container |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| Cu，Zn等制剂对银杏容器苗的控根效果;孙盛等;《林业科学》;20090731;第45卷(第7期);156-160 * |
| 银杏快速培育壮苗技术;杨梗林;《云南林业科技》;19950630(第2期);62-64 * |
| 银杏种子育苗技术;张宝琳等;《甘肃科技》;20030731;第19卷(第7期);132-133 * |
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Inventor after: Xing Shiyan Inventor after: Sun Limin Inventor after: Zhou Jilei Inventor after: Liu Xiaojing Inventor after: Liu Haiquan Inventor before: Xing Shiyan Inventor before: Sun Limin Inventor before: Liu Xiaojing |
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