CN1041361C - 模制机壳式低压断路器 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01H1/00—Contacts
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- H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
- H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
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- H01H1/2058—Rotating bridge being assembled in a cassette, which can be placed as a complete unit into a circuit breaker
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/02—Housings; Casings; Bases; Mountings
- H01H71/0264—Mountings or coverplates for complete assembled circuit breakers, e.g. snap mounting in panel
- H01H71/0271—Mounting several complete assembled circuit breakers together
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01H71/02—Housings; Casings; Bases; Mountings
- H01H71/0264—Mountings or coverplates for complete assembled circuit breakers, e.g. snap mounting in panel
- H01H71/0271—Mounting several complete assembled circuit breakers together
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- H01H2077/025—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with pneumatic means, e.g. by arc pressure
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Abstract
由具有绝缘模压材料制成之箱且包括有接点与熄弧室的标准单极装置,构成了模制机壳或低压断路器系列。将若干个单极装置排设于一公用机壳内,并在相邻单极装置之间设置一为隔离件界定的间隙,即可制得一种多极断路器,它可实现由上述系列中的单极断路器机壳宽度所规定出的可组合性。上述隔离件中还有一过压致动装置。
Description
本发明涉及一种低压断路器,这类断路器具有双重机壳以及一个或多个极且由装设在一公用模制机壳中的若干标准单极断路装置构成,每个单极断路装置包括一有两个相向平行大侧面和两个相向平行小侧面的平行六面体绝缘箱,还包括以可旋转方式安装在垂直于该大面之轴上的一可动接点,后者装配成可与邻近上述一小面之固定接点协同工作,在此小面上载有一与此毗邻的固定接点相连接的端子,而在多极断路器的机壳内,则平行地排设着几个单极装置。
取决于电力设备的类型,这类保护断路器是单极的或多极(例如二极、三极或四极)的,而在给出的额定功率下,制造厂家则提供一模制机壳式断路器的组合。这一断路器组合的某些元件或部件,特别是接触件与熄弧室,对不同的极来说都是共同的,但是这种为降低制造成本必不可少的标准化工作却并未普遍进行。熟悉本项技术的人都知道,在可组合的***中能将若干单极断路器组配成多极断路器,但这些***并未考虑到能用某些部件,尤其是能用操作机构来起动所有的断路器极。更为困难的,是要在单极断路器之间获得充分结实而又美观的组合形式。
业已提出通过组合单极装置来实现断路器,这些单极装置原已装放在不同尺寸的机壳内,用来纳置多极断路器的机壳内的一极或多极。
就多极断路器的宽度并非正是单极断路器宽度之倍数这一点而论,这类断路器是没有顾及到可组合性的。而且,端子间的间距在一多极断路器与相互连接的单极断路器之间也是有差别的。这种间距的不同妨碍了带有按规则分开的馈线的配电母线的供电。
本发明的目的在于提供一种可按组合式连接的断路器,而这列断路器则是由安放在对不同极均属共同的机壳内的单极装置构成。
为实现上述发明目的,根据本发明提供一种低压断路器,这类断路器具有双重机壳以及一极或多极且由装设在一公用模制机壳的若干标准单极断路装置构成,其中的各个单极断路装置包括一有两个相向平行大侧面和两个相向平行小侧面的平行六面体绝缘箱,且包括一以可旋转方式安装在垂直于该大面之轴上的可动接点,后者装配成可与邻近上述一小侧面之固定接点协同工作,在此小侧面上载有一与此毗邻的固定接点相连接的端子,而在一多极断路器的机壳内则平行地排设着几个单极装置,其特征在于:上述的可动接点装配成一种与两个固定接点协同工作的接触桥,而这两个固定接点则分别与前述两小侧面中之一邻接,以在单极装置的两个熄弧室之间形成双断效应;所说的平行排设着的单极装置两两之间,则分开一个二倍于与前述大侧面相邻之机壳的壁厚的间隙,得以保持住由单极断路器所确定出的可组合性;同时有一个所有单极装置共有的带有操纵杆与曲柄的机构。
机壳在宽向上具有可组合性,基准尺寸设为35mm,断路器之机壳的宽度乃是35mm的一个倍数,且前述的端子的间距为35mm。前述的这些单极装置相互由形成垫片的隔离件所固定,这些隔离件则在相邻的单极装置之间界定出所述的间隙。前述的隔离件取板状形式,上面有通道,用来使在箱之底板与此箱之前面之间延伸的控制杆和/或辅助导线通过。前述的隔离件具有配合到设在箱大侧面中之对应孔中的定位销,使箱能相互相对定位。上述隔离件包括一经孔与一邻接之单极装置之箱通连的空腔;同时包括一致动装置,它能在空腔中的过压超过一预定阈值时作出反应,控制着机构来使此断路器跳闸。前述之致动装置包括一以可滑动方式安装在与所说空腔相关联的一气缸内的活塞。由空心装配铆钉所形成的通道沟通了空腔与不相邻之单极装置的箱。在所说机壳内于其中的单极装置之一的上方安装有一带有一曲柄的操作机构,此机构由两个与此相关之单极装置的两个大侧面相平行的金属法兰框定,这两个法兰固定在此单极装置10上,两法兰的间距则相当于此单极装置的宽度。此种断路器的不同单极装置之接触桥,是以可旋转的方式连接到对所有单极装置为共有的操作机构上。
本发明的这一断路器的特征在于:前述之可动接点被装配成一与两个固定接点协同工作的接触桥,这里的各固定接点分别与所说小面之一邻接,以在两个单极装置的熄弧室中产生双断效应;前述平行排列的单极装置间则分开一个二倍于此机壳的与所说大端侧面相邻之壁厚的间隙,以保持由单极断路器所限定出的可组合性;同时,对所有的单极装置来说,有一个共用的带操纵杆与曲柄的机构。
上述接点与相关的熄弧室装在一构成子配件的箱内,得以通过将一单极装置安放于一宽度相当的机壳内而制成单极断路器,或将若干单极装置装设于一宽度适当的机壳内而获得多极断路器。借助于在多极断路器的单极装置间安排一间隙,就能在此断路器系列的所有设备中照顾到连接间距并保持着宽度的可组合性。这一例如厚约5mm的间隙可以用来布置导线,或者可使操作杆或运动传递杆通过断路器的后部与前部之间。采用在两侧各配有一熄弧室的接触桥,会使单极装置具有某种对称性和呈小型长方体的外形。这样的单极箱约束着各种断路部件,并使各个极与其相邻极绝缘,形成了使各个极相互分开的绝缘隔板。包含有不同单极装置的外壳则形成了另一绝缘。
分隔开各单极装置的间隙最好由板状材料形成隔离件来具体实现,这些板件上设有通道或孔道,可用来安放通过此间隙的连接线或操作杆。此种隔离件可以在单极装置之间起到连接部件的作用,为此目的,隔离件上设有与相邻单极装置之壁部相配合的定心销。
本发明的一项重要发展是提供了这样一种隔离件,它上面设有能对单极装置过压状态起作用的致动装置,当压力超过一预定阈值时,将一跳闸命令传送给前述操作机构。限制断路器则装配有当短路时能借助电动推斥力高速断开的接点,而这样的断开速度便导致了限流。接点的高速断开,由于被引向接点的电弧的作用,而使压力剧升,这一剧增的压力即被用来启动此断路器的断工机构。美国专利5103198号描述了这种类型的过压跳闸装置,有关此种装置更详尽的内容,尤其是它在跳闸选择性方面的种种优点,最好参看该专利文件本身。
根据本发明,各极都是放在一个小容积的箱中,这就有利于快速升压和便于与此箱相连的过压致动装置的工作。将此致动装置设于前述隔离件内,通过单极装置上的、面向隔离件中装有压力探测器之空腔的简单通孔,就能使之与相邻的单极装置沟通。可以把这种空腔设置成与载有一跳闸控制杆之活塞相配合的汽缸形式。对于两个相邻的单极装置或对于所有的单极装置,都可共用同一过压致动装置,这时最好是利用空心装配铆钉来形成通道,使此致动装置能与不同的单极装置通连。
上述隔离件可用来将单极装置固定到机壳上,例如可由通过机壳后板上的普通螺钉来达到这一目的。
构成断路器的所有单极装置均可用任何适当的方式固定,例如用螺杆或仅仅是把它们插装到断路器机壳中使之定位。带有操纵杆与曲柄的这种标准型的操作机构对所有的极都是共同的,且最好是与断路器的中央单极装置相关联。此操作机构与中央单极装置的接触桥耦合,并将运动传递给其它的单极装置,可以用任何操作装置来传递这种运动,特别是可以采用机械联结杆、传动杆、或是用夹钳,或是连接上共轭的接触桥之支承轴部件。这种操作机构在侧向上以周知的方式装配有两个金属法兰,它们之间的距离要同单极装置的宽度相当一致,而这两个法兰则牢牢地固定到相关的单极装置上。
前述机壳在宽向上具有可组合性,例如基准尺寸设为35mm,就是说不同断路器之机壳宽度是35mm的一个倍数,此种可组合性保持在按35mm间距设置的接线端子的水平。这一宽度可适合断路器的额定功率。
本发明自然涉及到属于这个系列的所有断路器。
通过下面对本发明之实施例所作的详细描述,当可更清楚地理解它的其它一些优点与特征,这一实施例是以非限定性例子的形式给出并由附图所表示,在附图中:
图1是本发明的四极断路器的示意性分解透视图;
图2是图1之断路器系列的单极断路器的示意性平面图;
图3与图2类似,涉及到一个三极断路器,其中由虚线表示另一第四极;
图4是图1中之隔离件的放大透视图,其中有一过压探测器;
图5与图4类似,示明了隔离件的相反的一面;
图6是组合有本发明断路器的操作机构的单极装置的轴向剖面图;
图7是图5中之隔离件的剖面图;
图8阐明单极装置与过压探测器间的通连情形;
图9与10同图4与5类似,但示明的隔离件中没有过压探测器;
图11是沿图6中XI-XI线的剖面图,示明了已组装到一起的一列单极装置与隔离件。
下面描述最佳实施例。
在附图中,单极断路装置10包括通过模压塑料制成的呈一般平行六面体形的箱11,其中有以可旋转方式安装的接触桥12,它与一对固定接点13、14协同工作。每一对接点12、13和12、14配合有一熄弧室15、16,它们的组合件相对于接触桥12的转动轴17基本上对称。轴17大致通过箱11的中心,垂直于箱11的两个大侧面18、19。在箱11的两个小侧面20、21上设有接触桥22、23,分别与固定接点13、14相连。接触桥12在其闭合位置基本上与箱11之后板24相平行地延伸,而电流输入例如经由端子板22流过接点12、13、14再通过端子板23输出。在图6中依时针走向将接触桥12转动,便将它运动至断开位置。上述这种单极装置10已公开于美国专利4910485号中,为了对此能有更详细的了解,最好参阅该专利文件。
根据本发明,通过将一机构25与单极装置10相组合,并将由此形成的组合件安放在一模制的机壳40(图2)之内,即可得到一单极低压断路器。此机构25为两个金属法兰26框定,这两个法兰的间距相当于单极装置10的宽度,同时可以用任何适当的装置将此法兰固定到该机构之上。带有操纵杆27与曲柄29的这样一种标准型式的机构25是位于单极装置10之上表面28之上,并与前述可动接触桥12相连。单极装置10装于机壳40内时无横向余隙,装置10的宽度(例如30mm)只是再加上机壳40侧壁30的厚度才达到例如35mm。容易看出,当几个单极断路器以其大侧面在一配电盘上相互结合时,接线端子间的间距是35mm,相当于梳形接线件或电源线的标准距离。
为了获得多极断路器,可将若干单极装置10排设在宽度适当的机壳31内。图3示明一种三极断路器,在宽度为单极断路器之机壳40宽度三倍的机壳31中,平行地排设有三个单极装置10。在两端的单极装置10与机壳31的壁30结合,而居中的单极装置10则位于机壳31的中央。这样的装配方式保持了在目前情形中为35mm的接线间距,并在居中的单极装置与两端的单极装置之间保留有两倍于壁30之厚度的一自由空间,这一两倍厚度例如为5mm。显然,上述尺寸只不过是举例,它们视断路器的特征而异,而这一***内的接线距离与可组合性同样如此。
图3中虚线表示出四极断路器的示意图,它有四个装设于机壳31内的单极装置10,此机壳31的宽度增加了一个间距值而达到例如140mm。一个双极断路器则自然只包括两个以5mm间隙相互分开的单极装置10。
单极装置10可用任何适当的装置定位于机壳31中,但据本发明一最佳实施例,是在两个相连的单极装置10之间装配上板状的隔离件32、38。此种隔离件32、38的厚度相当于两装置10之间间隙的大小。即为5mm。这样的板状隔离件32、38最好由模压塑料制成,其上设有通道34与上部28连通。通道34内装放着辅助导线以及某些操作杆,例如是用来在撤出断路器时控制着预跳闸的杆,或是用来控制单极装置10上表面上之辅助接点的杆。隔离件32、38还有孔35,用来通过为不同单极装置10的可动接触桥12提供机构连接的杆。上述机构25对所有单极装置10都是共同的,这一机构例如可与居中的极组合,通过与可动接触桥12相连接的横向杆36,将运动传递给处于端部的极10。隔离件32、38可在其一面或两面上设置定位销,配合到箱11相邻大侧面上的相应孔中。机构25可以是一种用于整个断路器系列的标准机构,能通过增设其他机构加固。不同的单极装置10可以在拟装配到机壳11内之前,例如用螺栓或系杆37等予以固定,但显然对于内中设有用来给不同单极装置导向与定位之棱的机壳31而言,可以把各单极装置插装到其中即可实现定位。
把螺钉(未示明)穿过机壳31底板上设置的孔口,并拧合到隔离件32、38内,也可同样实现定位。
更具体地参看图4、5与7,从中可以看到一隔离件32,它有一被盖42紧盖住的空腔41,而此空腔部分地形成一可为一活塞44滑配合的销套43。活塞44上带有一从装置10上部28突出的杆45,此杆45与机构25的一个掣子46协同工作。有一配合弹簧47将杆45偏拉向图7中所示的脱开位置。当空腔41内的压力超过一预定阈值,活塞44即反抗弹簧47的力将杆45推到使掣子46松释的位置以断开断路器。
空腔41通过分别设在它与箱11侧壁上的共轭孔48、49,与相邻单极装置10通连。在与装备有过压致动装置44、45之隔离件32相邻的单极装置10中之一,它所产生的过压即经上述孔48、49而传递到空腔41,启动杆45。孔48、49设有止回阀50,可阻止有任何气体从空腔41回流到单极装置10。
每一对单极装置10是可以在它们之间装配上带有过压致动装置44、45的隔离件32的,但是根据图8与11所示的最佳实施例,此种致动装置44、45则是所有单极断路装置10所公用的。在这种情形下,空腔41既通过孔48、49与相邻的装置10通连,又经由通道51与远隔的一或多个单极装置10沟通。为此目的,隔离件38并未设置过压致动装置,而是有一个与其它隔离件32之空腔41类似的室52,经孔48、49与相邻的单极装置10通连,收集这些装置内产生的过剩压力。不同隔离件38的室52经通道51与空腔41沟通,此通道51是由夹插的单极装置10的箱11之空心装配铆钉所形成。通道51延伸到一个进入空腔41的孔口53。这样的连接方式自然可以用另外的方式实现,而阀50则可阻止任何气体从通道51流到装置10内。
容易理解到,当过压超过一预定阈值时,在这些单极装置的任何一个中所发生的过压便会传递到空腔41内,而作用于活塞44上去启动跳闸装置。有关这种致动装置的工作细节已描述前述专利中。
由两个部分组成的机壳31对箱11的绝缘增设了辅助性的绝缘,而这样的部件构成了一个便于组合的可组合***。
断路器跳闸装置(未示明)可以用熟悉本项工艺的人所周知的方式,装设于机壳31内或可连接到此种机壳的外侧上。某些辅助装置,特别是控制装置或信号装置,也能安装在机壳31内或与它邻接组配。从一种标准的单极装置10出发,利用与这种单极断路器之模块形式相对应的可组合性,就能获得全系列的断路器。接触桥的应用则确保了双断效应,并能使总体尺寸减小且成为一种相当对称的装置。
本发明自然毫无局限于此较具体描述的实施例示意,而是可以广延到其它的一些实施例,特别是这样一些实施例:其中的隔离件32是由简单的垫片所置换,或者其中之接触桥是以不同的方式进行控制。
Claims (10)
1.低压断路器,这类断路器具有双重机壳以及一极或多极且由装设在一公用模制机壳的若干标准单极断路装置(10)构成,其中的各个单极断路装置(10)包括一有两个相向平行大侧面(18,19)和两个相向平行小侧面(20,21)的平行六面体绝缘箱(11),且包括一以可旋转方式安装在垂直于该大面之轴(17)上的可动接点(12),后者装配成可与邻近上述一小侧面之固定接点(13,14)协同工作,在此小侧面上载有一与此毗邻的固定接点(13,14)相连接的端子(22,23),而在一多极断路器的机壳(31)内则平行地排设着几个单极装置(10),其特征在于:上述的可动接点装配成一种与两个固定接点(13,14)协同工作的接触桥(12),而这两个固定接点则分别与前述两小侧面(20,21)中之一邻接,以在单极装置(10)的两个熄弧室(15,16)之间形成双断效应;所说的平行排设着的单极装置(10)两两之间,则分开一个二倍于与前述大侧面(18)相邻之机壳(31)的壁(30)厚的间隙(32),得以保持住由单极断路器(10)所确定出的可组合性;同时有一个所有单极装置(10)共有的带有操纵杆(27)与曲柄(29)的机构(25)。
2.如权利要求1所述的断路器,其特征在于:机壳(40,31)在宽向上具有可组合性,基准尺寸设为35mm,断路器之机壳的宽度乃是35mm的一个倍数,且前述的端子(22,23)的间距为35mm。
3.如权利要求1所述的断路器,其特征在于:前述的这些单极装置(10)相互由形成垫片的隔离件(32,38)所固定,这些隔离件则在相邻的单极装置(10)之间界定出所述的间隙。
4.如权利要求3所述的断路器,其特征在于:前述的隔离件(32,38)取板状形式,上面有通道(34),用来使在箱(11)之底板(24)与此箱之前面之间延伸的控制杆和/或辅助导线通过。
5.如权利要求4所述的断路器,其特征在于:前述的隔离件(32)具有配合到设在箱(11)大侧面(19)中之对应孔中的定位销(37),使箱能相互相对定位。
6.如权利要求5所述的断路器,其特征在于:上述隔离件(32)包括一经孔(48)与一邻接之单极装置(10)之箱(11)通连的空腔(41);同时包括一致动装置(44,45),它能在空腔(41)中的过压超过一预定阈值时作出反应,控制着机构(25)来使此断路器跳闸。
7.如权利要求6所述的断路器,其特征在于:前述之致动装置包括一以可滑动方式安装在与所说空腔(41)相关联的一气缸内的活塞(44)。
8.如权利要求7所述的断路器,其特征在于:由空心装配铆钉所形成的通道(51)沟通了空腔(41)与不相邻之单极装置的箱(11)。
9.如权利要求5所述的断路器,其特征在于:在所说机壳(40,31)内于其中的单极装置(10)之一的上方安装有一带有一曲柄(29)的操作机构(25),此机构由两个与此相关之单极装置(10)的两个大侧面(18,19)相平行的金属法兰(26)框定,这两个法兰(26)固定在此单极装置(10)上,两法兰的间距则相当于此单极装置的宽度。
10.如权利要求3至7中任一项所述的断路器,其特征在于:此种断路器的不同单极装置(10)之接触桥(12),是以可旋转的方式连接到对所有单极装置为共有的操作机构(25)上。
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FR9112792A FR2682530B1 (fr) | 1991-10-15 | 1991-10-15 | Gamme de disjoncteurs basse tension a boitier moule. |
FR9112792 | 1991-10-15 |
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CN1041361C true CN1041361C (zh) | 1998-12-23 |
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CN92111503A Expired - Lifetime CN1041361C (zh) | 1991-10-15 | 1992-10-14 | 模制机壳式低压断路器 |
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EP (1) | EP0538149B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3392441B2 (zh) |
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- 1992-09-22 ES ES92420322T patent/ES2099235T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-09-22 EP EP92420322A patent/EP0538149B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-09-22 DE DE69217441T patent/DE69217441T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-09-22 AT AT92420322T patent/ATE148960T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-09-28 US US07/952,256 patent/US5298874A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-10-02 TW TW081107837A patent/TW198762B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-10-07 CA CA002080064A patent/CA2080064C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-10-10 MY MYPI92001831A patent/MY108052A/en unknown
- 1992-10-13 JP JP27448892A patent/JP3392441B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-10-14 ZA ZA927904A patent/ZA927904B/xx unknown
- 1992-10-14 AU AU26396/92A patent/AU660489B2/en not_active Expired
- 1992-10-14 KR KR1019920018920A patent/KR100299550B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-10-14 CN CN92111503A patent/CN1041361C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-10-15 BR BR929203996A patent/BR9203996A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN100431079C (zh) * | 2000-02-24 | 2008-11-05 | 通用电气公司 | 具有排斥特性的底座组件 |
CN103282995A (zh) * | 2011-01-05 | 2013-09-04 | 施耐德电气美国股份有限公司 | 活塞跳闸器复位杆 |
CN103282995B (zh) * | 2011-01-05 | 2016-03-02 | 施耐德电气美国股份有限公司 | 活塞跳闸器复位杆 |
CN102820179A (zh) * | 2011-06-10 | 2012-12-12 | 西门子公司 | 用于电开关装置的触发器 |
CN102820179B (zh) * | 2011-06-10 | 2016-12-14 | 西门子公司 | 用于电开关装置的触发器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ZA927904B (en) | 1993-04-21 |
MY108052A (en) | 1996-07-30 |
AU2639692A (en) | 1993-04-22 |
US5298874A (en) | 1994-03-29 |
EP0538149B1 (fr) | 1997-02-12 |
CN1071784A (zh) | 1993-05-05 |
JPH05217489A (ja) | 1993-08-27 |
ES2099235T3 (es) | 1997-05-16 |
DE69217441D1 (de) | 1997-03-27 |
KR100299550B1 (ko) | 2001-10-22 |
TW198762B (zh) | 1993-01-21 |
DE69217441T2 (de) | 1997-07-10 |
KR930008896A (ko) | 1993-05-22 |
FR2682530B1 (fr) | 1993-11-26 |
CA2080064A1 (en) | 1993-04-16 |
EP0538149A1 (fr) | 1993-04-21 |
CA2080064C (en) | 2004-12-07 |
BR9203996A (pt) | 1993-04-27 |
AU660489B2 (en) | 1995-06-29 |
MX9205924A (es) | 1993-04-01 |
ATE148960T1 (de) | 1997-02-15 |
FR2682530A1 (fr) | 1993-04-16 |
JP3392441B2 (ja) | 2003-03-31 |
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